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蓝点马鲛鱼皮抗氧化肽段对熟肉糜脂肪和蛋白氧化抑制作用的研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
为研究蓝点马鲛鱼皮多肽在肉体系中的抗氧化作用,以猪肉糜为材料,探讨了蓝点马鲛鱼皮抗氧化肽段对冷藏过程中熟肉糜脂肪和蛋白氧化的抑制效果。将实验肉糜分为6组,第1组为空白对照组,第2组加入2.0%的6 h蓝点马鲛鱼皮冻干水解物,第3~5组中分别加入1.0%、1.5%和2.0%的超滤肽段FractionⅡ(分子量1~4 ku;羟基清除率达55.1%)冻干粉,第6组中加0.02%的BHA。在4℃冷藏过程中测定熟肉糜的硫代巴比妥酸值(TBARS)、过氧化值(PV)、羰基含量、总巯基含量和pH值,并对感官指标进行了评定。结果表明,与空白对照比,添加蓝点马鲛鱼皮6 h水解物和抗氧化肽段(FractionⅡ)的熟肉糜处理组能够通过降低肉糜的TBARS值和PV值及降低羰基含量和减少巯基的损失,在一定程度上抑制脂肪和蛋白氧化的发生,其中超滤后的FractionⅡ效果要比6 h水解物好。同时,添加FractionⅡ能够保持熟肉糜鲜红的色泽,抑制变味、酸败味的发生、提高了整体感官评价值,且在一定范围内,添加量越大效果越好。在整个贮藏过程中,分子量在1~4 ku的蓝点马鲛鱼皮抗氧化肽段FractionⅡ处理组表现出更好的抑制熟肉糜氧化效果;其中2.0%处理组在冷藏第8天的TBARS值、PV值、羰基含量、总巯基含量和pH值分别为1.39 mg/kg、1.57 meq/kg、8.27 nmol/kg、49.6 nmol/kg蛋白和6.35,有效保持了熟肉糜的品质。可见,蓝点马鲛鱼皮多肽添加到肉糜中能够有效抑制脂肪和蛋白氧化的发生,是潜在的食源性抗氧化剂。 相似文献
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研究杂交鳢在不同温度、pH值和摄食状态下的无机磷、亚硝酸氮、硝酸氮、氨氮的代谢率。结果表明:温度、摄食状态和pH都对杂交鳢的无机磷、亚硝酸氮、硝酸氮和氨氮的代谢存在影响。在26～30℃的温度范围内,随着温度的上升,杂交鳢(357.361+81.500)g的无机磷、氨氮、硝酸氮的代谢率均上升,亚硝酸氮的代谢率在温度为28℃时达到最大值,为(0.177+0.134)μg/(g.h),之后又呈下降趋势;杂交鳢(351.292+81.214)g摄食人工配合饲料,摄食状态下无机磷、亚硝酸氮、硝酸氮、氨氮的代谢率比饥饿状态下分别提高了130.77%、23.08%、34.66%和16.78%,表明杂交鳢摄食时蛋白质代谢增加显著;在7.5～8.5的pH值范围内,随着pH值的升高,杂交鳢(361.806+65.141)g的无机磷、氨氮的代谢率均上升,而亚硝酸氮、硝酸氮的代谢率均在pH值为8.0时达到最大值,分别为(0.278+0.089)μg/(g·h),(91.697+14.625)μg/(g·h),之后又都呈下降趋势。 相似文献
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在零售市场和生产企业抽取4批真空包装淡腌青鱼,对其感官、化学和细菌学品质特性进行分析,并对细菌类型和数量进行研究。结果显示,产品栅栏因子及强度存在差异,盐分含量6.68%~12.06%,平均值(9.36±2.2)%;水分活度值0.75~0.91,平均值0.82±0.07;pH值6.00~6.30,平均值6.20±0.13。栅栏因子种类和强度的不同决定产品品质的差异,感官评价均可接受,过氧化值均值为19.65±8.75 meq/kg,挥发性盐基氮均值为24.50±15.30 mg/100 g,菌落总数均值为4.45±1.15 cfu/g,大肠菌群均低于30 MPN/100 g。从4批淡腌青鱼样品分离到234株细菌,73.9%是革兰氏阳性细菌,其中36.3%是葡萄球菌,31.6%是链球菌,并出现少量微球菌和棒状杆菌;由需氧革兰氏阴性杆菌不动杆菌、摩氏杆菌和鞘氨醇单胞菌组成较小的细菌菌群约占总细菌群落的18.4%,显示水分活度、盐分含量和pH值等栅栏因子与产品细菌类型和数量呈一定相关性。 相似文献
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在保证有充足氧气的前提下 ,按正交设计 ,研究水质氨态氮浓度、pH值、盐度和温度四种环境因子 ,对实验感染暴发性流行病病原的中国对虾发病的影响。在感染的不同时期 ,这四种环境因子对带毒对虾死亡率的影响程度不同。感染后 3～ 4天 ,影响程度从大到小的次序为盐度、pH值、温度、氨态氮浓度 ,感染后 5天 ,影响程度从大到小的次序变为氨态氮浓度、pH值、温度、盐度。我们还进行了混合水平的正交实验 ,即在盐度水平不变 ,氨态氮浓度降到适宜的水平 ,再研究温度、pH值、氨态氮三种因子对带毒对虾的影响 ,结果表明 :三种环境因子的影响程度由大到小的次序为温度、氨态氮浓度和pH值 ,这与我国养殖对虾发病时间从南到北推移的现象相符合。还对环境因子与发病率和死亡率的关系进行了探讨 相似文献
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研究了不同浓度蛭弧菌在西施舌幼虫培养中的应用,在温度26～27℃,以人工授精发育的西施舌幼虫为材料,测定水中氨氮、亚硝态氮浓度和pH值,并计算幼虫的生长速率以及成活率,与对照组进行比较,实验表明,氨氮浓度最多比对照组降低34%(P<0.05),亚硝态氮浓度最多降低25%(P<0.05)。结果表明,蛭弧菌100mg/L为最适浓度,在一定程度上降低水中氨氮和亚硝态氮浓度,并促进西施舌壳顶幼虫的生长,其生长速率高于对照组22%,成活率高于对照组13%,差异显著(P<0.05),但对pH值影响不显著。 相似文献
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为了更好地了解传统咸干蓝点马鲛(Scomberomorus niphonius)(鲅鱼)的品质特征,以市售产品中感官品质较为突出的咸干鲅鱼作为研究对象,对其水分、含盐量、NaNO2含量、挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)、硫代巴比妥酸值(TBARS)等理化指标进行了测定,并进一步对咸干鲅鱼中的优势菌进行了分离、纯化与鉴定。结果显示,咸干鲅鱼样品含水量为54.40%、含盐量为3.1%,属于半干低盐制品;NaNO2含量为5.07 mg/kg,符合相关食品安全标准的规定;TVB-N含量高达40.12 mg/100 g,说明发酵过程蛋白质降解程度较大;TBARS值为10.00 mg/kg,脂质氧化程度在感官可接受的范围内。咸干鲅鱼中的微生物以细菌为主,清酒乳杆菌(Lactobacillus sakei)、产气肠杆菌(Enterobacter aerogenes)、长赖氨酸芽孢杆菌(Lysinibacillus macrolides)和香坊肠杆菌(Enterobacter xiangfangensis)为优势菌。其中,清酒乳杆菌具有发酵菌的典型特征,可能在咸干鲅鱼发酵过程中起主要作用。 相似文献
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枯草芽孢杆菌的培养条件及对水质的净化作用 总被引：19，自引：3，他引：16
研究了枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis Cohn,1872)(菌株编号:LB-B3)的培养条件及其在净化对虾养殖池水样方面的效果。实验分别设置了9个不同的pH值梯度(pH 2～10)和6个不同接种量梯度(0.3%、0.5%、1%、3%、5%和7%),以吸光值(OD)为生长指标,进行了枯草芽孢杆菌培养条件的优化实验;同时又设置了5个不同接种浓度(0 CFU/mL、5.2×104CFU/mL、1.04×105CFU/mL、1.56×105CFU/mL和2.08×105CFU/mL)接种待处理水样,测定了96 h内化学耗氧量、亚硝酸氮、氨态氮和溶氧等4个水质指标的变化情况。结果表明:pH=7.0、接种量为7.0%时,OD值最大;枯草芽孢杆菌能显著净化水质,但使用后会暂时性增加耗氧。 相似文献
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Halil &#;en 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(9):876-881
Loligo vulgaris is a commercially important squid throughout the Mediterranean region and is a candidate species in biomedical and aquaculture research. Some loligo species (L. opalescens, L. forbesi, Sepiteuthis lessoniana) have now been cultured through some successive generations in closed, recirculating seawater systems. The effects of salinity on hatching European Squid (L. vulgaris Lamarck, 1798) eggs were investigated during November 2004. The egg capsules were incubated directly in salinity of 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42 and 37 g L?1 (control group) at 19.8°C (SD 1.2°C), and a photoperiodicity of 12 h light:12 h dark for 16–23 days before hatching. In all treatments, the eggs were developed and hatched normally after 16–22 days at 32 g L?1, 17–22 days at 34, 18–21 days at 42 g L?1, 18–22 days at 36 and 40 g L?1, 19–22 days at 37 g L?1 and 19–23 h at 38 g L?1. In the experiments, the highest hatching rate and hatching success (HS) of the eggs were obtained at 38 g L?1 (hatching rate: 100% (SD 0%) and HS: 96.7% (SD 3.5%)) and the lowest hatching rate at 42 g L?1 (hatching rate: 3% (SD 6%) and HS: 0%). Dorsal mantle lengths (DML) of new hatchlings ranged from 2.08 to 2.80 mm. The present study showed that salinity affects the hatching rate and HS of eggs and first hatching time and DML of paralarvae in L. vulgaris. The squid eggs at stage 11 (I) can tolerate 5 g L?1 reduction and 3 g L?1 increase in salinity. 相似文献
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为了探明虎斑乌贼喷墨卵对孵化及胚胎发育的影响,采用单因子实验研究了喷墨卵与正常卵的孵化率、培育周期、孵化周期、初孵幼体体质量,并比较了剥膜喷墨卵、剥膜正常卵、喷墨卵、正常卵4种类型卵的幼体生长和存活率。结果显示,虎斑乌贼喷墨卵和正常卵的孵化率无显著差异,喷墨卵的孵化率为90.1%±1.5%,正常卵的孵化率为87.9%±0.7%;两种卵的初孵幼体体质量也无显著差异,喷墨卵的初孵幼体体质量为(0.18±0.01)g,正常卵的初孵幼体体质量为(0.17±0.01)g;两种卵的培育周期、孵化周期均无显著差异,喷墨卵的培育周期为(34.67±0.89)d,孵化周期为(14.33±0.44)d,而正常卵的培育周期为(35.33±0.44)d,孵化周期为(14.67±0.67)d。而剥膜喷墨卵、剥膜正常卵、喷墨卵、正常卵4种类型卵的幼体存活率差异显著,剥膜喷墨卵和剥膜正常卵的存活率明显小于喷墨卵和正常卵,而剥膜喷墨卵和剥膜正常卵之间、喷墨卵和正常卵之间的存活率无显著差异;4种类型的幼体日均增长量和增重量差异显著,剥膜喷墨卵和剥膜正常卵的幼体日均增长量和增重量明显小于喷墨卵和正常卵,而剥膜喷墨卵和剥膜正常卵之间、喷墨卵和正常卵之间的幼体日均增长量和增重量无显著差异。 相似文献
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Abstract— We used two densities of eggs (low=900 eggs/m2 ; high=5100 eggs/m2 ) in laboratory experiments to estimate the recovery efficiency of the Brown benthos sampler for collecting fish eggs from gravel substrate and to determine if differences (e. g., 5-fold) in egg density in the substratum could be detected with the sampler. The mean egg recovery efficiency of the sampler in the low and high density treatments was 30% (SE=8.7) and 35% (SE=3.8), respectively. The difference between the treatment means was not significant. Therefore, data from the two treatments were pooled and used to estimate the recovery efficiency of the sampler (32.7%, SE=4.4). However, we were able to detect a 5× difference in the number of eggs collected with the sampler between the two treatments. Our estimate of the recovery efficiency of the sampler for collecting fish eggs was less than those reported for the sampler's efficiency for collecting benthic macroinvertebrates. The low recovery efficiency of the sampler for collecting fish eggs does not lessen the utility of the device. Rather, ecologists planning to use the sampler must estimate the recovery efficiency of target fauna, especially if density estimates are to be calculated, because recovery efficiency probably is less than 100%. 相似文献
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Krystyna Demska-Zak&#;&#; Zdzis&#;aw Zak&#;&#; & Jakub Roszuk 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(14):1458-1464
The studies conducted in 2003–2004 focused on the possibilities of applying a tannic solution to remove adhesiveness from pikeperch eggs. Spawners were caught in Lake P?tnowskie (central Poland) and then transported to the Gos?awice Fish Farm. After initial selection, the fish were weighed, measured and stimulated with human chorionic gonadotropin. Gametes were obtained 5 days after the first injection. The weight and diameter of the eggs, and the commercial fecundity of individual females were determined. The eggs were fertilized with the dry method. After the addition of water, the eggs were mixed for 4 min, and then divided into 20 g portions. After determining the number of eggs in the various portions, the adhesiveness removal procedure was performed. Three concentrations of tannic acid solution (500, 1000, 1500 mg L?1) and three exposure times (0.5, 2, 5 min) were applied. The eggs were incubated in Weiss jars. The studies indicated that both the solution concentration and the exposure time significantly (P<0.05) impacted pikeperch egg hardening, the degree of adhesive removal and embryo survival. The tannic acid solution concentration of ≤500 mg L?1 applied for 0.5–2 min was not effective; the eggs clumped and it was impossible to separate them even with intensive mixing. Better results were obtained using higher tannic acid concentrations and/or by lengthening exposure time. The adhesiveness of pikeperch eggs disappeared completely after 5 min exposure to tannic acid solution concentrations of 500–1500 mg L?1 or after 2 min exposure to solution concentrations of 1000–1500 mg L?1. In these variants, the embryo survival rate to the eyed‐egg stage was 78.0–84.0% (2003) and 82.3–84.7% (2004). However, high tannic acid concentration had a negative impact on the pikeperch larvae hatching. The greatest decrease in survival rate was observed in groups exposed to a tannic acid solution of 1500 mg L?1 for 2 and 5 min periods. Thus, the optimum method for removing pikeperch egg adhesiveness was to apply a solution of tannic acid at a concentration of 500 mg L?1 for 5 min or 1000 mg L?1 for 2–5 min. 相似文献
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The effect of two disinfectants on eggs and larvae of Baltic cod, Gadus morhua, was investigated. The eggs were disinfected for 10 min using various concentrations of either glutaraldehyde (100, 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg L?1) or iodophor (10, 50, 100 and 150 mg L?1), 1–4‐days post‐fertilization. Bactericidal effect of disinfection, survival to hatching, hatching success and larval abnormalities were assessed. Larval survival was recorded at 5‐, 10‐ and 15‐days post‐hatch (dph). Although Baltic cod eggs have an unusually thin chorion, they could tolerate surface disinfection. A reduction in bacterial growth was observed with increased concentrations of disinfectant (3.0 × 107–1.6 × 101 CFU mL?1). Abnormalities in newly hatched larvae were not related to disinfection. Survival of the yolk sac larvae was significantly better for eggs treated with 400 mg L?1 glutaraldehyde for 10 min at 10 and 15 dph. Effective disinfection was also recorded using 100 mg L?1 Actomar K30. Egg batch effect rather than initial bacterial concentration, disinfectant type or incubation method determined the survival of the eggs to hatching and survival of larvae. Because of the carcinogenic effect of glutaraldehyde, iodophor is recommended for routine disinfection of cod eggs. 相似文献
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超声波优化辅助盐渍海蜇脱铝工艺 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探究超声波辅助盐渍海蜇脱铝工艺的条件,实验以盐渍海蜇为原料,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）进行检测,其铝残留量为考察指标,通过单因素实验研究复合保鲜液浓度、超声功率、超声频率以及超声时间对盐渍海蜇脱铝效果的影响,根据Box-Behnken中心组合实验设计,采用响应面分析法分别优化复合保鲜液脱铝工艺与超声波辅助脱铝工艺。结果显示,未超声波辅助处理的优化条件：料液比1∶7（g/mL）、浸泡时间4 h、浸泡次数3次,铝残留量最低为126.4 mg/kg,浸泡时间影响最为显著;超声波辅助处理影响脱铝率大小的因素依次为超声时间 > 超声功率 > 超声频率 > 复合保鲜液浓度;其最佳工艺：超声频率28 kHz、超声功率272.6 W、复合保鲜液[V（醋酸）∶m（丙酸钙）=1∶2]浓度0.68%、脱除时间35 min,铝残留量为124.46 mg/kg,脱铝率达到85.3%;验证实验得到实际脱铝率为82.1%,与理论预测值相比,其相对误差约为3.2%。研究表明,与未超声波辅助相比,铝脱除率稳定,脱除时间由12 h缩短至1.75 h,工艺效率提高6.9倍。因此,超声波技术应用到海蜇产业将为高效开发低铝盐渍海蜇制品提供理论依据。 相似文献
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Hisashi Kurokura Reijiro Hirano Masakatsu Tomita Masao Iwahashi 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1984,37(3):267-273
About 70% of eggs of Cyprinus carpio reached the eyed stage in fertility tests with 1 ml of cryopreserved semen added to 1 g of eggs. When 1 ml of semen was added to 100 g of eggs, few eggs reached the eyed stage. In two fertility tests with sperm preserved for 342 days, using 5 g of eggs inseminated with 1 ml of semen, percentages of eyed eggs were 31.5 and 25.5, respectively. In a series of fertility tests, the chemical constituency of the medium in which fertilization was attempted influenced the fertility of cryopreserved sperm. 相似文献
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Won Il Cho 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(1):24-34
ABSTRACTSandy beach clam meat was hydrolyzed with proteases (Alcalase and Flavozyme) for the manufacture of a natural flavoring condiment. The optimal conditions for the enzymatic hydrolysis of the shellfish meat via the response surface methodology were: temperature, 54.7°C; pH, 5.9; time, 45 h. The total amino acid content of the shellfish hydrolysate was 9,218.8 mg/100 g and consisted mainly of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, arginine, lysine, and leucine. Nucleotides and their related compounds of the shellfish hydrolysate consisted mainly of adenosine diphosphate (0.86 mg/100 g), adenosine monophosphate (11.24 mg/100 g), and inosine (49.03 mg/100 g). The shellfish hydrolysate resulted in three protein peaks in the Bio-Rad P2 gel chromatography pattern. The antioxidant activity was highest at Peak 1 (64.67%), followed by Peak 2 (27.48%) and Peak 3 (16.67%); whereas the angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity was highest at Peak 3 (67.27%), followed by Peak 2 (6.14%). Antitumor activity was highest at Peak 1 (18.77%), followed by Peak 2 (8.75%). All the sensory attributes of the shellfish condiment were scored highly. Therefore, the sand beach clam hydrolysate can be commercialized as an ingredient of a natural flavoring condiment or seasoning. 相似文献