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通过林地调查和室内分析化验,结果表明广西钦州市桉树二代萌芽林林地土壤酸性、有机质、全N、水解N、全K、速效K含量均降低;土壤磷素含量降低,全P含量为0.28～0.38g.kg-1、有效P含量为0.3～1.1mg.kg-1;Cu、B的含量也降低,且B含量偏低,仅为0.01～0.03 mg.kg-1。针对上述结果,提出了相应的测土配方施肥方案。分别以普通HA桉树肥、桉树专用肥、鸡粪+普通复合肥和钦州市林科所桉树配方复混肥4种肥料进行施肥对比试验,寻找最佳施肥方式。试验表明:尾巨桉施肥肥效明显,施用几种肥料对桉树二代萌芽林生长量均有显著促进作用,不同种类的肥料对桉树二代萌芽林前期生长量的肥效差别主要受肥料总养分含量、N、P、K百分含量及养分的合理配比影响。不同处理萌芽林分间的保留株数、树高、胸径、材积及蓄积均达极显著水平,钦州市林科所桉树配方复混肥较适合当地桉树二代萌芽林林木生长,3年生单株材积及蓄积量分别达到0.076 m3.株-1、105.396 m3.hm-2。 相似文献
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杉木纯林及杉木火力楠混交林林分结构及土壤养分分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以广西南宁市郊杉木纯林和杉木+火力楠混交林为研究对象,分析杉木纯林与杉木+火力楠混交林的生长与土壤养分之间的关系差异,以期为杉木人工林的营造提供数据参考。结果表明:杉木+火力楠混交林的平均胸径、平均树高和单株材积等生长量显著高于杉木纯林;混交林的径阶集中分布范围为18~22 cm,纯林主要集中分布在12~20 cm径阶范围内;杉木混交林径级离散度为0.593 3,杉木纯林径级离散度为0.929 3,混交林分化不明显而纯林分化明显。杉木混交林与杉木纯林土壤养分含量差异显著,混交林土壤中全N、氨态N、全P、全K、速效P、速效K含量均显著多于杉木纯林,且随着土层深度的增加,土壤养分含量均逐渐减少。混交林林分结构比纯林稳定,养分含量较高。 相似文献
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5年生11种桉树无性系生长量与生物量比较 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对雷州半岛5年生11种桉树无性系的林分生长量、生物量和生产力进行了研究。结果表明：11种无性系间胸径、树高、单株材积均差异极显著,林分蓄积量分布在114.57~206.75 m3.hm-2,其大小排序为：DH201-2〉LM1〉DH32-22〉LH1〉GL9〉EC33〉EC48〉U6〉TM3〉EC42〉EC40;11种桉树无性系林分各组分生物量都以干的最大,叶的最小;DH32-22、GL9、LH1、EC48、EC48、EC48、TM3和U6各组分排序为干〉根〉皮〉枝〉叶,DH201-2、EC33和LM1各组分排序为干〉根〉枝〉皮〉叶;11种桉树无性系林分生物量大小排序为：LM1〉DH201-2〉EC33〉LH1〉DH32-22〉GL9〉U6〉EC48〉EC42〉EC40〉TM3;11种桉树无性系林分生产力大小排序为：DH201-2〉LM1〉EC33〉LH1〉DH32-22〉GL9〉U6〉EC48〉EC42〉EC40〉TM3;从生长量、生物量和生产力的角度看,DH201-2、DH32-22、EC33和LM1的林分蓄积量、林分生物量和林分生产力较大,比较适合作为能源林树种在雷州半岛种植;U6、EC48、EC42、EC40和TM3生长较为缓慢,生物质转化效率不高,不适合作为能源林品种。 相似文献
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韶关市6个桉树无性系试验初报 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过对参试的尾巨桉（DH．33．27、DH．33．29、广林9号）、尾赤桉（201号、201．2号）和尾叶桉（U6）6个桉树无性系早期人工林的生长量和抗逆性进行调查和综合评价。结果表明：参试无性系20个月生林分平均胸径6．30～7．72cm,平均树高为5．87～9．18m,都表现出速生特性。6个无性系间的树高生长存在极显著差异,胸径生长量存在显著差异。尾赤桉和尾巨桉5个无性系间树高生长也存在极显著差异,胸径生长量差异不显著。尾叶桉U6和尾巨桉DH．33．29耐寒性较差,尾赤桉系列幼龄林存在易风倒现象。尾巨桉系列（DH-33-27、广林9号）速生性、适应性较强,可作为目前韶关市桉树人工林建设的主栽品种。 相似文献
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对桉树人工林间种象草（Pennisetum americanum×P.purpureum）×（Pennisetum purpureum）复合经营模式的土壤物理性质及养分含量进行研究.结果表明：对比桉树纯林,桉-草经营模式的土壤容重降低了14.75％～22.12％,土壤总空隙度和毛管孔隙度分别提高了3.57％ ～ 16.51％和15.39％ ～ 18.67％,土壤饱和持水量和田间持水量分别提高了6.01％～34.14％和16.95％ ～43.99％,林地土壤物理性质得到改善.桉-草模式下林地土壤pH值降低了9.2％～10.5％,土壤有机质含量提高87.5％～24.2％;土壤全量N、P和速效N、P的含量提高7.06％ ～89.99％,提高幅度的大小排列顺序为速效N＞全量P＞全量N＞速效P,全量K和速效K含量减少,单位面积蓄积量提高14.14％.A层土壤理化性状改善幅度大于B层.桉树人工林间种象草复合经营模式,有助于改善林地土壤结构,提高林地养分含量,促进林木生长,是比较适宜推广发展的桉树复合经营模式. 相似文献
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研究马尾松纯林、桉树纯林和3种不同模式混交林土壤养分含量的变化规律,并对其土壤养分状况进行主成分综合排序。结果表明：土壤有机质、全 N、全 P、水解 N、速效 P 和速效 K 皆表现为随土壤深度增加而减少,全 K 则表现相反;在各林分中,桉树纯林的土壤有机质、速效 P 含量最高,混交林次之。混交林则土壤全 N、全P 和速效 N 含量总体上大于纯林。马尾松纯林除在浅层土中速效 P 含量最高外,其他养分指标都低于桉树纯林和混交林。土壤养分综合评价为桉树纯林＞混交林 A＞混交林 C＞混交林 B＞马尾松纯林,表现为桉树纯林养分状况最好,马尾松纯林最差,与针阔树种的生长特性和凋落物养分归还能力有关。混交林中种植密度较大的混交林A 养分状况相对较好,表明其养分储存能力较好,消耗较少。而相同种植密度下,混交林 C 的林分土壤养分状况优于混交林 B。 相似文献
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通过对21个桉树无性系造林对比试验研究,结果表明：试验中第一、二年桉树无性系幼林树高、胸径和材积生长在区组和无性系间的差异均达极显著。1年生时树高和材积表现最好的3个桉树无性系是DH33-26、DH201-2和GL9,胸径是DH33-26、GL9和DH201-2;2年生时树高表现最好的3个无性系是DH33-26、DH32-29和DH201-2,胸径和材积是DH33-26、DH32-29和EC53。 相似文献
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A. Lehtijärvi H. T. Doğmuş‐Lehtijärvi A. G. Aday Kaya S. Ünal S. Woodward 《Forest Pathology》2017,47(6)
Although several Armillaria species have been reported in Turkey, there is little information about their ecology in Turkish forests. In this study, we investigated five forest stands, approximately 5–74 ha in size, in Kastamonu province in the Black Sea Region of Turkey for the presence of Armillaria species in stumps and logs. The stands were mixed Abies nordmanniana ssp. bornmülleriana and Pinus sylvestris forests managed using a selective cuttings system; the proportion of fir in the total number of stems and stumps ranged from 36 to 98%. Based on sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer and intergenic spacer regions of the rDNA, all rhizomorphs sampled from the stumps and logs were of Armillaria ostoyae. The size of the genets was estimated with random amplified microsatellites analysis of the isolates and ranged from single stumps to approximately 450 m2. One to seven genets were found in each stand. These results indicate that the genets had arisen from spores and vegetative spread was limited on most sites. 相似文献
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通过对上海松江中央公园内65株特大银杏树白蚁为害情况的调查,发现该公园银杏受害率为100%,其中存在活白蚁的银杏占总量的56.9%,采用毒土处理、粉剂疗法、建立白蚁监测点等措施,经过两次灭杀,活白蚁的灭杀率达到92.3%和93.3%,从而使存在活白蚁银杏树的比例从56.9%下降到2.7%,白蚁发生情况明显降低。
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建平半干旱地区石质山地造林技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了不同植物在石质山地的造林成活率、土壤化学性质随造林年限的变化和造林措施对土壤化学性质和植物胸径、树高年净生长量的影响。结果表明：不同植物在石质山地的成活率在21%～85%之间,其中白榆和沙打旺的成活率分别为81%和85%,而小叶杨、刺槐、栾树的成活率均在70%左右;植被能明显提高石质山地不同土层的有机质、全N、P2O5含量,但提高程度随土层深度、养分种类和造林年限的不同而不同;在同一土层,生物复合肥料、菌剂和保水剂均显著提高土壤有机质含量（p〈0.01）并显著降低土壤P2O5含量（p〈0.01）;只有保水剂可引起土壤全K含量的明显升高;生物复合肥料、菌剂和保水剂均显著提高白榆、小叶杨、刺槐、栾树树高和胸径的年净生长量,但保水剂的提高程度最高。 相似文献
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植物经常暴露在各种生物和非生物的胁迫之下,这些胁迫会影响植物的生长发育和繁殖并最终导致植物死亡。为了抵御不利的环境条件,植物已经进化出复杂而精细的网络来感知胁迫并激活防御系统。为此,植物激活许多信号转导通路,这些信号转导通路可以改变一些胁迫响应基因的表达,从而引起植物形态、生理和生化的改变以适应逆境。DNA胞嘧啶甲基化是高等真核生物的主要表观遗传机制之一,在维持基因组稳定性和调节基因表达方面起着关键作用。表观遗传变异比遗传变异更为灵活。一旦环境条件发生变化,为了适应新的环境植物都会发生表观遗传的改变。许多研究表明DNA甲基化参与植物的发育和应激反应。基于相关研究对DNA甲基化进行了综述,对植物逆境胁迫有重要意义。 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(6):530-542
Abstract The success of natural regeneration on patch clear-cuts in Norway spruce stands in Southern Finland was examined in terms of stocking and tree height. The experiment was established in mature spruce stands in the submesic Myrtillus (MT) site type. In each of the eight study sites, three plots were treated with clear-cutting and planting, clear-cutting with partial tree retention and planting, and patch clear-cutting without site preparation, respectively. In three of the study sites, one plot with patch clear-cutting and site preparation was established. Each plot was 1 ha, out of which three patches of 40×40 m were clear-cut in the patch treatments. 10–11 years after cutting, the patches had on average 1316 crop trees ha–1, of which 91% were spruces. Some 27% of the stands were up to the target stocking level (≥1600 ha?1), and 36% were at least satisfactory (≥1300 ha?1). Site preparation did not yield greater stocking levels on patches, but that result is ambiguous due to a difference in initial stocking. The average spruce tree height in the patches (0.76 m) was much smaller than in the case of clear-cutting and planting (2.42 m). In conclusion, the patches had been restocked tolerably well with spruce and birch for practical purposes during the 10- to 11-year period, but the regeneration process had been very slow compared to clear-cutting and planting. 相似文献
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The study focused on the success of regeneration on patch cuts in spruce-dominated stands in terms of stocking and tree height. It was based on an experiment in the Kainuu region in northern Finland. The experimental design included 8 stands with 58 clearcut patches of variable size (0.09–0.37?ha), on which either natural regeneration without site preparation or site preparation and planting of Scots pine was applied. A regeneration survey was conducted 13–15 growing seasons after treatments. Patches without site preparation had been restocked quite well from natural seed sources. The average number of trees was about 11,000?ha?1, of which 1700?ha?1 crop trees. With site preparation and planting, the stocking levels were also very high, 25,000 and 2100?ha?1, respectively. One hundred percent of the planted patches and 75% of the naturally regenerated patches had an acceptable density. Restocking was equally good across the range of patch sizes. Tree growth had been somewhat slower in the smallest patches than in the largest ones in the range. Natural regeneration was capable of yielding good regeneration results in most patches, especially when site preparation was applied. Stocking levels and height development were higher yet in the planted patches. 相似文献
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Keisuke Kojiro Yuzo Furuta Makoto Ohkoshi Yutaka Ishimaru Misao Yokoyama Junji Sugiyama Shuichi Kawai Takumi Mitsutani Hiromasa Ozaki Minoru Sakamoto Mineo Imamura 《Journal of Wood Science》2008,54(6):515-519
To investigate the changes in microstructures of wood with elapsed time in the environment, CO2 adsorption onto dry wood was measured at ice-water temperature (273 K) for samples aged from 0.1 years to over 1000 years.
The micropore size distribution was obtained using the Horvath-Kawazoe method. Micropores smaller than 0.6 nm in wood decreased
in number with elapsed time in the environment, and a negative correlation was found between cumulative pore volume for pores
smaller than 0.6 nm and elapsed time in the environment. Cumulative pore volume in the 1000-year sample was almost half of
that in the 0.1- year sample. Micropores smaller than 0.6 nm in wood with a few decades or more of elapsed time increased
in number after rewetting and drying. Consequently, microstructures of wood with longer time elapsed in the environment were
considered to be more stable, because of longer-term thermal motion and possibly more repeated moisture adsorption and desorption
and/or temperature variation in the environment. 相似文献
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