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为了研究枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂在盐胁迫下对冬小麦生长与土壤水氮分布的影响,以盆栽冬小麦种植为试验手段,在8 g/kg的盐分质量比下,设置枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂质量比为0(CK),1(G1),3(G3),5(G5)和7(G7)g/kg等5种施加梯度处理,分析了冬小麦株高、叶面积、生物量以及土壤水分和硝态氮含量的变化情况.结果表明:(1) 盐碱地中添加枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂可明显促进冬小麦株高叶面积生长,添加该菌菌剂处理的株高增加2.67%~17.20%,叶面积指数增加9.10%~34.80%;(2) 枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂对地下部分生物量的促进作用大于地上部分,处理G1,G3,G5,G7的根冠比与CK相比分别增加了28.53%,39.23%,15.91%,25.66%;(3) 枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂能提高产量,与CK相比,处理G1,G3,G5,G7的冬小麦产量分别增加7.49%,15.35%,8.41%,4.57%;(4) 枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂提高了冬小麦的水分利用效率,施加该菌菌剂的水分利用效率为26.94~31.06 kg/(hm2·mm),与对照相比增幅为9.00%~25.67%;(5) 枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂对土壤剖面固氮保水具有促进作用.添加枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂处理的硝态氮累积量减少了21.70%~30.40%,较处理CK的硝态氮累积量减少量明显降低.加菌剂处理后的土壤水分散失较少.综合各指标分析结果,枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂施用量为3 g/kg时对于盐胁迫环境下冬小麦的种植促进作用最显著. 相似文献
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枯草芽孢杆菌活菌制剂是利用从植物中分离筛选出的枯草芽孢杆菌活制剂TY7210菌株制备的兽用微生物制剂,具有治疗和预防动物细菌性肠道疾病,无抗药性、无药物残留,治疗效果明显好于同类作用的抗生素。 相似文献
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利用TAM III等温微量量热仪研究枯草芽孢杆菌BSn5与赤铁矿联合去除不同浓度的六价铬及复合体系中微生物活性的变化情况。随着六价铬浓度升高,总放热量降低,生长速率常数降低,抑制率升高。研究了赤铁矿-枯草芽孢杆菌复合体系对5种不同浓度六价铬的去除效果。结果表明,六价铬浓度会影响复合体系中微生物活性,并且复合体系对六价铬的去除率要优于单独赤铁矿的去除效果。 相似文献
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醋醅中微生物群落及其代谢产物是镇江香醋独特口感和风味形成的关键因素。研究醋醅微生物的快速识别方法,有利于监控醋醅微生物的群落组成及其动态变化情况,保障发酵产品品质。利用近红外光谱技术对醋醅中5种形态相似的常见杆菌进行快速检测。首先采集5种杆菌菌落的近红外光谱信息,并利用PCR方法对5种杆菌进行生物学鉴别(分别为地衣芽孢杆菌、短小芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和醋酸杆菌),然后利用K-最近邻法和最小二乘支持向量机法建立5种杆菌的近红外光谱识别模型,结果表明当主成分为4时,LS-SVM模型对应的校正集识别率为100%,预测集识别率为97.50%。 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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Gunter Wriedt Marijn van der Velde Alberto Aloe Fayçal Bouraoui 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):771-789
We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications. 相似文献
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在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
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车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献