共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
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镶嵌式仿生耦合功能表面流体介质控制机制研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
模拟海豚镶嵌式皮肤结构,设计一种仿生耦合功能表面。利用ANSYS-Workbench软件对镶嵌式仿生耦合功能表面进行双向流固耦合计算,流体计算采用CFX下的标准k-ε湍流模型,固体计算采用Transient structural。模拟结果表明,耦合功能表面湍动能、表面速度明显降低,表面柔性材料产生位移变形。模拟结果表明,表面柔性材料通过变形与基底刚性材料耦合,通过对流体介质的顺应实现对流体介质的控制;通过表面材料的弹性变形吸收部分能量,有效降低了流体介质的湍动能,避免了流固交界面能量过分交换而带来的能量损失。 相似文献
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为研究离心泵叶片上仿生非光滑减阻效果与仿生非光滑结构布置位置的关系及离心泵水力效率对仿生结构布置位置的敏感程度,将仿生非光滑结构分别均匀布置于离心泵叶片的6种不同位置上.利用ANSYS软件进行数值模拟,研究了目标流量下6种方案离心泵的性能参数及叶轮内部流动情况,将根据数值计算结果得到的仿生非光滑结构的最佳布置方案与常见布置方案在全流量下进行对比分析,并在应用相同仿生非光滑结构布置方式的前提下,分析了粗糙度的影响.结果表明:该离心泵模型在目标流量下,应用仿生叶片后,其水力效率变化有限,而叶片壁面上平均剪应力相较于光滑壁面情况下降最大约12.7%;布置于任意位置的仿生非光滑单元均能在一定范围内产生减阻效果,相邻仿生单元对于同一壁面位置的减阻效果不具有线性叠加关系;在全流量下,将仿生非光滑结构布置于叶片背面的中部,相比于将其布置于叶片背面的出口部分,增效率与减阻率均更为优秀,且2种方案的增效率与减阻率随流量变化的趋势较为相近;粗糙表面尽管能和仿生结构表面一样在近壁面形成低速层,但无法实现减阻效果.该研究表明,仿生结构对离心泵水力效率的影响与模型本身有关,在使用一定个数的仿生凹坑单元的前提下,应尽量将凹坑布置在剪应力大处. 相似文献
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耕作部件耦合仿生表面结构制备方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对农业机械耕作部件既要提高耐磨性又要保证强度的问题,提出了一种通过构建仿生表面结构和控制工艺来设计结构/材料二元耦合仿生表面结构的方法。采用球墨铸铁制备具有仿生表面结构的耕作部件使仿生表面由高硬度白口铁构成,从而兼顾部件的耐磨性和机械性能。试验结果表明,在铸造过程中,单纯通过仿生表面结构或局部设置小型冷铁的方法,部件仿生表面结构局部均未能形成白口铁组织,而上述两种方法的结合运用,可实现仿生表面结构的白口化。分析表明,仿生表面结构可限制熔体流动,设置冷铁可提高局部过冷度,两者结合可实现耦合仿生设计。显微硬度和划痕试验表明,耦合仿生表面结构具有较高的局部硬度,相比于芯部基体,其显微硬度值平均提高了35.71%,而形成相同宽度的划痕时,其所需载荷是芯部基体的1.16倍。水润湿性试验表明,耦合仿生表面结构与芯部基体水润湿性也存在一定的差异,相比于芯部基体,其接触角增大了14.91%。此方法适用于生成具有耐磨性能且高强度的耕作部件,在保证部件机械性能的同时,可提高耐磨性和降低土壤粘附。 相似文献
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曹卫东;王秀兰;胡啟祥 《排灌机械》2013,(10):841-845
为避免高温热水泵在运行过程中出现转子部件咬合现象,对TEG 200-400型高温热水泵的口环间隙进行分析.利用ANSYS Workbench软件,对TEG 200-400型高温热水泵在不同温度下的热固耦合进行有限元分析,得到泵盖冷却水腔有无冷却冲洗以及不同温度条件下的泵口环的形变量.结果表明:冷却腔的冲洗对叶轮口环的位置形变影响较大,高温热水泵的使用过程中,尽量降低泵盖与托架连接处的温度,有利于减小叶轮口环的变形;泵体口环和叶轮口环形变量随介质温度的升高而增大,依据运行介质的温度、泵的自身结构、材料特征等,对热变形进行合理预估并选择设计口环间隙,可避免泵启动及运行时泵体口环与叶轮口环之间的动静摩擦;在250℃设计温度条件下,叶轮口环与泵体口环的半径间隙取为0.6 mm的方案是合理的.研究结果为合理选择叶轮口环和泵体口环之间的间隙提供了一定的依据. 相似文献
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螺旋离心式潜水排污泵叶轮的加工 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
对引进意大利技术生产的螺旋离心式水泵中的关键零件螺旋式叶轮的结构特点进行了分析，讨论了叶轮的加工工艺、夹具及工装设计对叶轮精度的影响，确定了螺旋式叶轮的加工工艺、校平衡的方法及加工中应注意的问题。 相似文献
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提高水泵扬程、流量和效率,有助于降低金属材料与电能的消耗並减小泵站的占地面积。研制高扬程、高效率水泵的课题,由于对叶轮过流部分新型构造的性能研究文献[1、2],而得到解决。该结构运用反作用原理,叶轮在其叶片间流道出口处用短的中间叶片来分开其主流。 2K—6型水泵叶片出口角β_2=90°,每个叶片间流道装有两个中间叶片,其试验表明:采用叶轮过流部分的新型构造,不仅可以提高扬程,而且在全部流量范围内能提高水泵的效率。 相似文献
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正水泵的功用是强制冷却水在冷却系内循环流动。由于离心式水泵具有结构简单、尺寸小、工作可靠、制造工艺性好和泵水量大等优点,因此在水冷柴油机上得到广泛的应用。一、水泵工作原理当叶片旋转时,水泵中的水随之一起旋转。离心力使水向叶轮边沿甩出,在蜗形壳体内将动能转变为压力能,经与叶轮成切线方向的出水口压送入柴油机的水套。与此同时,叶轮中心造成一定真空度而将水吸入。二、水泵的构造特点泵壳多用铸铁或铝合金制成,泵盖板及衬垫用螺钉 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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Gunter Wriedt Marijn van der Velde Alberto Aloe Fayçal Bouraoui 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):771-789
We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications. 相似文献
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在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
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车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献