共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 375 毫秒
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为调查上海地区奶牛乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药性,采集上海地区乳房炎患病乳样60 份,进行金黄色葡萄球菌的分离鉴定及药敏实验。结果表明：经分离鉴定,共检出8 株金黄色葡萄球菌,分离率为13.33%;药敏实验结果表明,分离得到的金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素G和氨苄西林的耐药率最高,均为100.00%,对磺胺甲恶唑的耐药率次之,为50.00%,对头孢克洛、头孢唑肟、洛美沙星、诺氟沙星、四环素、庆大霉素、红霉素、克林霉素和氯霉素的耐药率均为37.50%,对环丙沙星和氧氟沙星的耐药率均为25.00%,对头孢噻肟、头孢他啶 相似文献
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为调查我国奶牛乳房炎奶样中金黄色葡萄球菌的药物敏感性情况,以便为该病的临床用药提供参考,本试验采用纸片扩散法对从北京、山西、内蒙古、新疆、浙江5省区奶牛乳房炎奶样中分离的148株金黄色葡萄球菌进行了抗菌药物敏感性检测。北京、山西、内蒙古分离株的临床药敏试验显示,所有菌株对头孢西丁、多西环素、四环素敏感或中介,对红霉素、克林霉素、青霉素、复方新诺明严重耐药,对氯霉素、环丙沙星和庆大霉素的敏感性有地域性差异,66%～100%的菌株同时对3种以上的抗菌药物耐药;新疆86株分离株和浙江20株分离株的临床药敏试验显示,所有菌株除对红霉素、克林霉素、青霉素、复方新诺明耐药外,对多西环素和四环素完全耐药,86%以上的分离株对5种以上抗菌药物耐药,同时还发现头孢西丁耐药株。调查结果显示,5省区乳房炎奶样中的金黄色葡萄球菌除对头孢类(头孢西丁)敏感外,对其他类型抗菌药物均存在一定程度的耐药,尤其对大环内酯类(红霉素)、林可胺类(克林霉素)、青霉素类(青霉素)、磺胺类(复方新诺明)抗菌药物严重耐药,对3～5种以上不同类型抗菌药物的多重耐药也较为普遍。调查表明,牛源性金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性的广泛存在将对金黄色葡萄球菌性奶牛乳房炎的抗菌药物治疗形成严重挑战。 相似文献
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[目的 ]了解宁夏地区奶牛隐性乳房炎主要病原菌流行情况及主要病原菌的耐药特征。[方法 ]采集宁夏地区5个规模化奶牛养殖场乳样共计461份,分离培养后,应用全自动细菌鉴定仪进行鉴定并选择主要致病菌进行药敏试验。[结果 ]隐性乳房炎阳性检出率平均为65.3%(301/461);分离到金黄色葡萄球菌22株、无乳链球菌5株、大肠杆菌10株。这些细菌对阿米卡星、头孢噻肟等药物敏感,对青霉素与环丙沙星耐药。[结论 ]宁夏地区奶牛隐性乳房炎的阳性率较高,主要病原菌对阿米卡星、头孢噻肟等药物敏感。 相似文献
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《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2019,(9)
对呼和浩特市周边患有奶牛乳房炎的50份奶样进行细菌分离鉴定、致病性评估及药敏试验,初步探讨奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌的耐药特征,比较蒙药与抗生素的抗菌差异。试验结果显示:患有奶牛乳房炎的奶样检出金黄色葡萄球菌18株,占分离菌的37%;链球菌13株,占分离菌的27%;大肠杆菌17株,占分离菌的35%。药敏试验结果表明,金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌对青霉素、头孢噻吩、阿莫西林、克林霉素等药物不敏感,耐药率达到88%以上;而链球菌对青霉素及克林霉素、链霉素不敏感,耐药率达到84.6%以上,对环丙沙星、红霉素、四环素等中度敏感或不敏感。2种蒙药复方对奶牛常见致病菌的抑菌圈直径均大于15.56 mm。在奶牛乳房炎常见菌对青霉素类、头孢类、林可酰胺类药物产生一定的耐药性的情况下,2种蒙药复方对奶牛乳房炎常见菌具有良好的抗菌作用,无耐药性。 相似文献
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[目的]为了解甘肃天水奶牛乳房炎病原菌种类及对药物的敏感性。[方法]选取甘肃天水3个奶牛场40头患有临床乳房炎奶牛乳样,分别采用培养基法和生化分析法进行病原菌分离和鉴定;采用Kirby-Bauer纸片扩散法对分离得到的病原菌进行体外药物敏感性试验。[结果]在分离的140株病菌中,大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和无乳链球菌数量最多,分别占32.1%、27.2%和14.3%。药敏试验结果显示,分离得到的45株大肠杆菌对青霉素均呈现耐药,耐药率高达100%,而大肠杆菌对万古霉素的敏感性最高,45株菌株中未检测到耐药性。[结论]为甘肃天水奶牛乳房炎的防治提供一定的理论依据。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2020,(3)
为了解春夏季临床型乳房炎主要病原菌感染情况及耐药情况,对兰州地区某规模化奶牛场奶牛临床型乳房炎进行病原菌分离鉴定及耐药性分析。试验通过常规的细菌分离培养方法对110份乳样进行细菌分离纯化,并用16S rDNA手段进行鉴定,对鉴定出的主要病原菌通过K-B纸片药敏试验进行耐药分析。结果表明,主要病原菌包括大肠杆菌(35.5%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(16.1%)、无乳链球菌(14.0%)、停乳链球菌(7.5%)、乳房链球菌(3.2%)。耐药检测结果表明,5种主要病原菌对青霉素G、阿莫西林表现出高度耐药,对链霉素、红霉素表现为中度耐药,对庆大霉素、四环素表现为轻度耐药,而对环丙沙星、头孢噻肟、卡那霉素和氟苯尼考表现为敏感。本试验旨在为该牛场控制和治疗乳房炎提供科学依据。 相似文献
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北京地区奶牛隐性乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解北京地区奶牛隐性乳房炎中金黄色葡萄球菌的感染情况及对常用药物的敏感性,用科玛嘉显色培养基和16SrRNA PCR检测方法对5个奶牛场的100份隐性乳房炎奶样进行金黄色葡萄球菌的分离鉴定,采用K-B纸片扩增法进行药敏试验。结果表明,显色培养基分离到24株疑似金黄色葡萄球菌,经16SrRNA PCR鉴定,15株为金黄色葡萄球菌;药敏试验结果显示,15株金黄色葡萄球菌均对β-内酰胺类中的氨苄西林产生普遍耐药性,对克林霉素和环丙沙星的耐药率较高,分别为53.33%和40%;对氧氟沙星、庆大霉素、头孢噻肟和头孢曲松的耐药性较低,耐药率为6.67%。说明15株金黄色葡萄球菌分离株对7类9种抗菌药物都有不同程度的耐药性。 相似文献
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[目的]对山东临沂地区某奶山羊养殖场乳房炎主要致病菌进行分离鉴定,并探究其药敏性。[方法]本试验采集山东临沂地区某奶山羊养殖场中的患乳房炎奶山羊乳样,通过细菌培养基培养法进行致病菌分离,并使用PCR扩增技术进行测序和数据库对比鉴定病菌,通过Kirby-Bauer纸片扩散法测定大肠埃希菌和金黄葡萄球菌对临床实践中常用抗生素的耐药性。[结果]通过分离鉴定共得到109株致病菌,其中大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌占比最多,分别为41.28%和28.44%。耐药性结果表明,大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素G和克林霉素具有较高耐药性,而对喹诺酮类抗生素和头孢菌素类抗生素较敏感,其中金黄色葡萄球菌对头孢噻肟钠敏感性最高,为97.0%,而大肠埃希菌对氧氟沙星敏感性最高,为73.8%。提示可以使用这两种抗生素药物治疗该场的奶山羊乳房炎。[结论]该养殖场奶山羊乳房炎细菌性病原主要是金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌,分别对头孢噻肟钠和氧氟沙星最为敏感,推荐临床使用治疗。 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2017,(2)
金黄色葡萄球菌是引起奶牛乳房炎的主要致病菌之一,为调查引起新疆石河子地区规模化奶牛场奶牛乳房炎中金黄色葡萄球菌的感染情况及其对常用药物的敏感性,于石河子地区部分奶牛场采集85份临床型或隐性乳房炎奶牛的奶样进行金黄色葡萄球菌的分离、鉴定及耐药性试验。结果表明:从85份奶样中分离到9种共计127株细菌,经选择性培养基培养、生化试验和16S rRNA PCR鉴定,其中60株为金黄色葡萄球菌,占47.24%;还有腐生葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、链球菌属、假单胞杆菌属、肠球菌属等。药敏试验结果表明:所有菌株对杆菌肽、青霉素、头孢氨苄和强力霉素高度耐药,耐药率分别为100%、71.67%、66.67%和76.67%;对氯霉素、氟苯尼考和阿米卡星的敏感率分别达80.00%、83.33%和66.67%;除此之外也有一些菌株对新霉素表现为既不明显耐药也不敏感现象。 相似文献
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[目的]为了解本地区奶牛乳房炎大肠杆菌的流行及耐药情况。[方法]对新疆部分地区奶牛乳房炎大肠杆菌进行分离培养、染色镜检、荧光PCR鉴定,并用纸片法对分离菌株开展药物敏感试验。[结果]从200 份奶牛乳房炎样品中分离出63 株大肠杆菌,分离率为31.5%。分离菌株对青霉素耐药率最高,达到了93.65%,对美罗培南敏感率最高,达到了98.14%,对其他抗生素均有不同程度的耐药。[结论]新疆部分地区奶牛乳房炎中大肠杆菌广泛流行,具有较高的耐药性。 相似文献
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本研究对江苏部分奶牛场致隐性乳房炎病原进行流行病学调查,采样并进行细菌分离培养、革兰氏染色镜检、生化鉴定,共分离到35株凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CNS）。用常规药敏纸片法对CNS分离菌株的抗生素耐药情况进行分析,结果显示分离培养到的35株CNS对临床常用抗生素万古霉素、左氟沙星、克拉霉素、苯唑西林、诺氟沙星、氯霉素、环丙沙星、头孢噻肟、磷霉素和呋喃妥因等高度敏感,高敏率在60%～80%之间;而对青霉素G、复方新诺明和多黏菌素B有一定的耐药性,耐药率为70%～100%。分离菌株表现了较强的多重耐药性,耐20种药物的细菌有3株,耐15种药物的细菌有1株,耐14种药物的细菌有1株,62.9%的CNS分离菌株能耐5种以上抗生素,表明导致奶牛隐性乳房炎CNS菌株耐药情况不容小视。 相似文献
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为探明牦牛隐性乳房炎（SCM）主要病原菌及其耐药和毒力基因的分布情况，本研究自甘肃省甘南州夏季牧场收集无乳房炎临床症状牦牛乳样，通过兰州乳房炎试验（LMT）筛选SCM乳样，从中分离病原菌并纯化培养，利用16S rDNA鉴定主要病原菌，通过纸片扩散法判定其药物敏感性，并采用PCR方法对相关耐药及毒力基因进行检测。结果显示，共筛选出牦牛SCM乳样324份，检出率14.43%；主要病原菌为葡萄球菌属、埃希氏菌属和肠球菌属，其中葡萄球菌分离株对青霉素和四环素耐药率最高，分别为59.57%和47.52%；大肠埃希氏菌分离株对四环素和氨苄西林耐药率最高，分别为43.40%和20.75%；粪肠球菌分离株对四环素和红霉素耐药率最高，分别为25.00%和16.67%；59株耐青霉素金黄色葡萄球菌中共检出MRSA 12株，其中7株携带mecA基因，5株含mecC基因；四环素外排泵基因tetK、tetA携带率最高（85.45%、56.36%），核糖体保护基因tetM携带率最低（34.55%）；毒力基因中，clfA、clfB、fib、coa基因检出率较高（87.64%、84.27%、83.15%、82.02%）。研究表明，牦牛SCM的主要病原菌为金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希氏菌，均对青霉素类和四环素类抗生素耐药性较高，其中金黄色葡萄球菌的主要毒力因子为黏附因子和凝固酶。 相似文献
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春季某牛场奶牛乳房炎与环境中主要致病菌相关性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验根据锡林浩特市某奶牛场临床型或隐性乳房炎的发病情况,采集47份乳样、35份环境样品,进行细菌分离鉴定、并对其主要病原菌进行药敏试验。从乳样中分离出13种细菌共81株,从环境样中分离出主要致病菌6种34株。选择27种抗生素对主要致病菌进行药物敏感性试验,结果表明,乳样和环境中的致病菌都对头孢菌素类、喹诺酮类药物较为敏感。乳样中的致病菌对青霉素、链霉素及磺胺类等药物均产生不同程度的耐药性,而环境中主要致病菌对青霉素G、新生霉素、氨苄西林表现出具有耐药性。对乳样中分离得到细菌和相应环境分离得到的细菌进行对比分析．发现两者药物敏感性和耐药性方面存在一定的相关性。 相似文献
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【目的】研究内蒙古地区部分奶牛养殖场乳房炎生鲜乳样本及环境样本致病菌种类和耐药性,为乳房炎的防控提供临床用药指导和参考。【方法】采用平板划线法对内蒙古地区4个规模化养殖场468份(乳房炎生鲜乳样本199份,乳房炎奶牛饲养环境样本269份)样本进行细菌分离培养,采用形态学观察、革兰氏染色镜检以及16S rDNA测序对分离出的细菌进行鉴定,且对引发乳房炎的主要致病菌进行药敏性试验。【结果】高盐甘露醇培养基上呈现出小、白且偏黄色的菌落,经16S rDNA测序比对,与金黄色葡萄球菌高度相似的菌株共56株,分离率为11.97%;在伊红-美蓝培养基上呈现出黑紫色泛有金属光泽的菌落,经16S rDNA测序比对,与大肠杆菌高度相似的菌株共44株,分离率为9.40%。在199份生鲜乳样本中,金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的分离率最高,分别为21.11%和17.09%;在269份环境样本中,金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的分离率分别为5.20%和3.72%。药敏试验结果显示,金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素、磺胺异噁唑、氨苄西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸的耐药性相对较高,耐药率分别为90.63%、78.13%、75.00%、68.75%;对庆大霉素、环丙沙星、复方新诺明的敏感性较高。大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、头孢噻吩、磺胺异噁唑存在明显耐药性,耐药率分别为100%、94.29%、45.71%;对链霉素、卡那霉素、庆大霉素、多粘菌素E、美罗培南、阿莫西林/克拉维酸以及利福昔明表现出较高敏感性。【结论】内蒙古地区引发奶牛乳房炎的主要致病菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌;金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素、磺胺异噁唑、氨苄西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸的耐药性相对较高;大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、头孢噻吩、磺胺异噁唑存在明显的耐药性。 相似文献
16.
During recent years the prevalence of coagulase-negative staphylococci in milk samples from Dutch dairy cows has increased. In 1999 16.2% of the bacteria isolated from milk collected from cows with subclinical mastitis were coagulase-negative staphylococci. In 2004 this proportion was 42.2%. The proportion of coagulase-negative staphylococci of the bacteria isolated from milk samples from cows with clinical mastitis was 7.3% in 1999 and 14.1% in 2004. In this study, the susceptibility of 108 coagulase-negative staphylococci to oxacillin, cefquinome, streptomycin, neomycin, penicillin, and the combination of nafcillin, penicillin, and streptomycin was tested. The isolates were cultured from milk collected from cows with mastitis and typed using the Api-Staph system. Eight species were identified. Staphylococcus chromogenes was the predominant species (41.7%), followed by Staphylococcus xylosus (15.7%) and Staphylococcus simulans (10.2%). With the agar dilution method all strains proved to be sensitive to cefquinome and 90% to oxacillin. Three isolates (2.8%) were mecA-positive. Despite the agar dilution results, these three isolates should be considered resistant to all beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, penicillins combined with a beta-lactamase inhibitor and all generations of cephalosporins). In the agar diffusion test, all isolates proved to be sensitive to the combination of nafcillin-penicillin-streptomycin, 99% were sensitive to neomycin and 1% intermediate sensitive, and 95% were sensitive to streptomycin, 4% resistant, and 1% intermediate sensitive. The coagulase-negative staphylococci were highly resistant to penicillin (37.4%), although the level of resistance varied between species, from 0% for Staphylococcus simulans to 100% for Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Because coagulase-negative staphylococci are resistant to several antibiotics, sensitivity testing is important for targeted treatment of mastitis. 相似文献
17.
Antimicrobial resistance in streptococcal species isolated from bovine mammary glands 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Streptococcal species isolated from dairy cows with clinical mastitis were obtained from mastitis research workers in Florida, Louisiana, New York, Vermont, Washington, and West Virginia. Seventy-one streptococcal isolates were tested, including 39 strains of Streptococcus agalactiae, 21 strains of S dysgalactiae, and 11 strains of S uberis. The minimal inhibitory concentration of erythromycin, lincomycin, oxytetracycline, penicillin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, and tetracycline was determined for each isolate. Differences were not detected among strains with respect to geographic origin. None of the strains was resistant to penicillin. Lincomycin was the next most effective antimicrobial, with only 2 resistant strains of each streptococcal species. There were no differences among the streptococcal species with respect to resistance to either penicillin or lincomycin. Streptococcus uberis was more likely to be resistant to erythromycin than were S agalactiae and S dysgalactiae (P less than 0.02). Streptococcus agalactiae and S uberis had similar distributions for resistance to oxytetracycline, tetracycline, spectinomycin, and streptomycin. Strains of S dysgalactiae were more likely to have intermediate resistance to oxytetracycline and streptomycin than were strains of S agalactiae and S uberis, which were highly resistant to oxytetracycline and streptomycin (P less than 0.001). Differences were not detected among the streptococcal species with respect to resistance to spectinomycin. Resistance to multiple antimicrobials was observed in all streptococcal species tested. Although S dysgalactiae appeared to have a greater percentage of strains (73%) that were resistant to multiple antimicrobials than did S agalactiae (31%) or S uberis (45%), differences were not statistically significant. 相似文献
18.
Denamiel G Llorente P Carabella M Rebuelto M Gentilini E 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2005,52(3):125-128
The in vitro susceptibility to penicillin G, erythromycin and clindamycin was determined by the disc diffusion test and by E-test for a total of 47 streptococcal strains (three Streptococcus uberis, 36 Streptococcus agalactiae, eight Streptococcus dysgalactiae spp. dysgalactiae) isolated from bovine intramammary infections in Argentina. Moreover, resistance phenotypes of erythromycin-resistant streptococcal isolates was characterized. MIC90 of penicillin G, erythromycin and clindamycin for S. agalactiae were 0.75, 8.0 and 12.0 microg/ml respectively. Resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin was detected in 13 (27.6%) and 12 (25.5%) isolates respectively. No isolate was resistant to penicillin G. Resistance against macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramin B (MLS(B)) represented by the constitutive MLS(B) phenotype was present in 11 (23.4%) erythromycin-resistant isolates and two isolates (4.3%) expressed the M phenotype. The inducible MLS(B) phenotype was not identified. Results suggest that beta-lactams are the first-line antibiotics when treating streptococcal udder infections; however, the continuous monitoring of the antibiotic resistance is essential, as the emergence of resistant strains has become a growing concern on the therapy of bovine mastitis. 相似文献
19.
为了研究犬脓皮病致病菌的种类及其对抗生素的敏感性,采用细菌培养、分离、革兰染色和生化试验等方法鉴别病原菌;采用Kirby-Bauer药物纸片琼脂扩散法对病原菌进行药敏试验。结果表明：病犬发病部位的病原菌为中间型葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。中间型葡萄球菌对头孢拉啶和头孢氨苄敏感,敏感率为20%;对羧苄西林和头孢他啶中度敏感,中度敏感率为20%;对红霉素、卡那霉素、复方新诺明、哌拉西林、青霉素和苯唑西林产生耐药,耐药率为60%。金黄色葡萄球菌对头孢拉啶和头孢氨苄敏感,敏感率为20%;对羧苄西林和哌拉西林中度敏感,中度敏感率为20%;对红霉素、卡那霉素、复方新诺明、头孢他啶、青霉素和苯唑西林产生耐药,耐药率为60%。 相似文献