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保护地香石竹干物质积累和养分吸收特性研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对香石竹生长动态及氮磷钾养分吸收规律的研究表明:香石竹干物质积累主要时期与养分吸收主要时期基本一致,都为摘心至初采期和第2花期抽枝至现蕾期的营养生长和生殖生长并进时期,现蕾到商品花初采期是干物质积累和养分吸收最快时期.香石竹整株一生中各养分吸收量为K＞N＞P.花枝产量在115万支/hm2(公顷)水平下,采收结束时单株N、P、K吸收量分别为0.90 g(克)/株,0.17 g(克)/株,1.21 g(克)/株,N:P:K=1:0.19:1.34,每生产1000支商品花枝植株需要吸收的养分量分别为N 0.16kg(公斤),P 0.03kg(公斤),K 0.21 kg(公斤).每公顷植株地上部带走的养分量分别为N 184.0 kg(公斤),P 34.5 kg(公斤),K 241.5 kg(公斤).不同时期吸收量及比例以及养分含量不同. 相似文献
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以"勇士808"号番茄为试材,采用阳离子(Na+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+)和阴离子(CO32-、HCO3-、SO42-、Cl-)正交设计实验,研究了土壤中盐分离子对番茄植株根、茎、叶钙离子吸收的影响,以期揭示滨海盐碱地番茄生理缺钙机理.结果 表明:阳离子中Na+与番茄植株根、茎、叶中钙含量均呈负相关,且影响显著,低浓度的Na+有利于根部从土壤中吸收Ca2+;K+与番茄植株各器官中钙含量呈负相关,而Ca2+和Mg2+则与番茄植株各器官中钙含量呈正相关.阴离子中CO32-与番茄植株根、茎、叶的钙含量均呈负相关,且影响显著;其余阴离子对植株钙含量影响不显著. 相似文献
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《南方园艺》2020,(4)
为了解红壤脐橙园土壤、叶片养分丰缺状况,以广西农垦国有立新农场红壤脐橙园为研究对象,2017年选择8个有代表性的生产岗位(果园)分别采集土壤、叶片和果实样品进行检测分析。结果表明,红壤脐橙园土壤普遍偏酸,土壤有机质含量较丰富。土壤中碱解氮(N)、有效磷(P)、速效钾(K)、交换性钙(Ca)、交换性镁(Mg)、有效铁(Fe)、有效锰(Mn)、有效铜(Cu)、有效锌(Zn)、有效硼(B)平均含量分别为125.65 mg/kg、130.24 mg/kg、266.56 mg/kg、1145.66 mg/kg、272.97 mg/kg、6.74 mg/kg、36.37 mg/kg、7.11 mg/kg、4.12 mg/kg、0.88 mg/kg。土壤中N、P、K、Mn、B有效养分含量充足,均处在适量及以上水平,其中P、K养分2/3果园超标;Ca、Mg养分基本正常,主要处在适量范围;Cu含量超标;有效Zn不足与超标并存,1/4果园有效Zn缺乏;Fe缺乏比较普遍。叶片中N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu、B平均含量分别为29.71 g/kg、1.42 g/kg、16.93 g/kg、33.13 g/kg、2.58 g/kg、2.84 g/kg、98.32 mg/kg、91.77 mg/kg、18.76 mg/kg、19.28 mg/kg、92.10 mg/kg。叶片中N、K、Mn、B含量较丰富,均处于适量至高量范围;P、Ca、S、Fe含量正常;Cu不足与超标并存;Mg和Zn存在不足和缺乏的现象。因此,本研究的红壤脐橙园应注意控制N、P和K肥的施用量,适当补充Mg肥和Zn肥,增施石灰等碱性肥料调节土壤p H值。 相似文献
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膜下滴灌条件下温室秋延辣椒养分吸收及分配规律 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以辣椒品种好农11为试材,在安徽和县开展田间试验,研究膜下滴灌条件下温室秋延辣椒的养分吸收及分配规律。结果表明,辣椒产量47100kg·hm~(-2),植株地上部干物质累积量8163kg·hm~(-2),收获指数0.70,植株干物质增加最快时期为膨果期,膨果期干物质累积量占整个生育期的33.3%;辣椒整个生育期吸收的养分钾氮磷,氮(N)的吸收量186kg·hm~(-2),磷(P2O5)的吸收量61.0kg·hm~(-2),钾(K2O)的吸收量313kg·hm~(-2),植株吸收的氮磷钾主要分配到果实中,氮磷钾的收获指数分别为0.59、0.78、0.58,膨果期辣椒氮磷钾的吸收量最高,分别占整个生育期的37.6%、28.5%、38.4%;钙镁硼的吸收量钙镁硼,钙(Ca O)的吸收量135kg·hm~(-2),镁(Mg O)的吸收量74.9kg·hm~(-2),硼(B)的吸收量0.13kg·hm~(-2),钙镁硼的收获指数分别为0.08、0.32、0.46,钙镁在叶中的累积量最高,分别占植株吸收总量的79.8%、54.1%,而硼主要分配到果实、叶中,分别占植株吸收总量的46.2%、39.2%,膨果期钙镁硼的吸收量最高,分别占整个生育期的34.6%、33.3%、38.2%。 相似文献
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以加工番茄为试材,采用基施枸溶性钙镁肥、水溶性钙镁肥300 kg·hm-2和600 kg·hm-2的方法,研究了2种钙镁肥对加工番茄产量和品质的影响,以期提高石灰性土壤加工番茄产量和品质。结果表明：施用2种类型钙镁肥显著提高加工番茄产量和品质,降低脐腐病发生率。在2种钙镁肥施用量一致条件下,300 kg·hm-2水溶性钙镁肥比枸溶性钙镁肥增产5.55%,维生素C含量提高45.39%,果实钙含量提高118.18%,脐腐病发生率减少了46.65%;600 kg·hm-2水溶性钙镁肥比枸溶性钙镁肥增产3.99%,维生素C含量提高31.21%,果实钙含量提高27.27%,脐腐病发生率减少41.39%。在钙镁肥类型相同条件下,300、600 kg·hm-2施用量无显著差异。在该试验条件下推荐施用300 kg·hm-2水溶性钙镁肥为最佳施肥方案,既节约施肥成本,又显著提高产量和品质,减少脐腐病的发生。 相似文献
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樱桃番茄又称迷你番茄,以食其鲜果为主,果实小,单果重为10 g～20 g(克),植株生长势强,结果多,每穗结果20～30个,每穗产果0.5 kg～0.6 kg(公斤),产值4～7元/公斤,是普通番茄的2～3倍.果实有球形、枣形、洋梨形等. 相似文献
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富士苹果施钙肥效应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以8年生富士苹果(Malusdomesticacv.Fuji)为试材进行不同组合钙肥试验,结果表明,土施CaSO4肥显著提高了土壤总钙、交换性钙和果实钙含量,以3.5kg/株CaSO4处理效果最显著;将3.5kgCaSO4分为幼果期和膨大期2次使用增钙效果明显,分期施肥无论配合秋施有机肥还是春季喷氨基酸钙都极显著提高了果实钙含量,以S2+1.5AM处理(春施2kgCaSO4+喷3遍氨基酸钙+夏施1.5kgCaSO4+秋施5kg苹果专用有机肥)的钙含量最高,达到179.17mg/kg;秋施苹果专用有机肥明显提高果实钙含量,增加根系和枝条的贮藏钙,以10kg/株配合春施1kg/株CaSO4的效果较好。当有机肥施用量达到15kg/株或CaSO4超过3.5kg/株时增钙效果下降。交换性钙、土壤及果实Ca/Mg比值与果实钙含量呈正相关,土壤速效磷、钾、果实N/Ca比值与果实钙含量呈显著负相关。不同施肥处理果实的N/Ca比值和Ca/Mg比值差异显著,采收时富士果实N/Ca比值<17,Ca/Mg比值≥7,贮藏期间的苦痘病发生率较低。有利于富士苹果钙素营养的施肥组合是秋冬施有机肥加钙化肥、幼果期喷钙和果实膨大期土施钙肥。 相似文献
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钙镁肥配施对苹果树叶片和果实营养元素含量及病果率影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对大连瓦房店地区10 a树龄红富士苹果树进行不同的钙、镁肥的施肥处理,在喷与不喷硫酸镁溶液的基础上分别进行硝酸钙土施和喷施以及氨基酸钙喷施,探讨苹果叶片和果实营养元素含量及苹果"苦痘病"病果率状况。结果表明:钙的不同施肥方式和不同钙镁组合处理对苹果树各器官营养元素以及病果率影响差异很大。单独施钙和钙镁配合施用均不同程度提高了叶片中N、P、K、Ca、Mg的含量,而单施镁会降低营养枝叶片中Ca含量。Ca、Mg单施和配施均显著提高了果实中的P含量;Ca对苹果果实N吸收累积具有抑制作用;而Mg则有促进作用。与CK比较,单施Mg处理使得病果率提高了9.5%;单施Ca处理较Ca、Mg配施防病效果更明显。各施钙处理均显著降低了苹果"苦痘病"发病率;不施Ca、Mg处理病果率为4.2%,喷施氨基酸钙、硝酸钙和土施硝酸钙处理病果率分别为0.9%、1.4%、1.2%,病果率依次降低了79%、67%、71%;在施钙的基础上加施硫酸镁后病果率分别为1.9%、2.4%、2.2%,病果率依次降低55%4、3%、48%。钙肥处理以氨基酸钙肥喷施效果最好,而镁肥会加重苹果"苦痘病"的发病率。 相似文献
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[目的]挖掘各生育期不同组织矿质元素和根系层土壤肥力因子与美乐葡萄果实品质的关系,拟定基于果实综合品质最佳的施肥方案,为指导蓬莱产区的美乐葡萄合理施肥和品质改善奠定基础.[方法]以美乐为研究对象,使用相关分析法研究各生育期叶片/叶柄/果实矿质元素(N、P、K、Ca、Mg)、土壤肥力因子(N、P、K、Ca、Mg)与果实品质的相关性.应用非完全正交方差分析法制定果实综合品质最佳的施肥方案.[结果]T8处理的果实品质指数为0.557,综合品质最高.在不同组织矿质营养与美乐葡萄果实品质的相关关系中,花序/果实矿质元素主要与酚类物质含量呈显著相关,叶片矿质元素多与品质呈显著正相关.盛花期/成熟期叶柄K与百粒重、籽总酚和籽总黄酮含量之间均呈极显著正相关,转色期/成熟期叶柄Ca与百粒重、皮单宁含量之间均呈极显著负相关.转色期果实中的N、P和成熟期果实中的K对果实综合品质的影响较大.初花期土壤N和成熟期土壤K对果实综合品质影响较大.[结论]土壤肥力因子对果实最佳综合品质的影响力排序为P＞N＞Mg＞Ca＞K,最佳配比为N2P3K3Ca4Mg3,即每公顷施肥用量分别为N 62.5 kg、P2O546.9 kg、K2O 112.5 kg、CaO 168.8 kg、MgO 46.9 kg 时,果实综合品质最佳. 相似文献
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The effects of combinations of salinity (no salt, 2000 p.p.m. or 4000 p.p.m. of CaCl2 and NaCl, 1:1) and water table (30 cm, 60 cm or 90 cm from the soil surface), on the vegetative growth and tolerance of ‘Golden Japanese’ plum and ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches were studied. The plants were grown in lysimeters. The growth of the trunk, total shoot length, the increase in shoot length per cm and the fresh weight of top, root and total plant were reduced with increasing salinity of the irrigation water. The effect was accentuated when the plants were maintained at high water table level. The salinity treatments resulted in the death of 43%, 73% and 76% of the plants in the plum, and the ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches, respectively, indicating that the plum is more tolerant to salinity than the peach. The plants of the salinity treatments showed various symptoms of salt injury, such as leaf burn, defoliation, shoot die-back and finally death. In the peaches, salt injury started to occur in the first growing-season, whereas the salt injury appeared in the plum in the second growing-season. The symptoms were more pronounced in the 4000 p.p.m. treatment than in the 2000 p.p.m. treatment and were more pronounced at the high water table level. The salinity level was the predominant factor and the effect of the water table on the vegetative growth diminished with increase in the salinity level of the irrigation water. 相似文献
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AIM：To establish a fast, accurate and economical technique for culturing mouse pulmonary arteriolar smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), and to explore the effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs. METHODS：In sterile condition, the pulmonary artery was isolated from the male BALB/c mice by digesting with collagenase I, and the cells were cultured in fetal bovine serum-coated flask. Centrifugal procedure was not used during the cell passage. The cell morphology was observed under an inverted phase-contrast microscope. α-Smooth muscle actin was identified by immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence. The effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs were detected by CCK-8 assay and TUNEL assay. RESULTS：PASMCs were identified by the methods of immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence staining and observation of morphology. Unlike the rat PASMCs with typical subcultured peak-vally pattern, the mouse PASMCs showed a lot different without a peak-vally pattern. The cells could be subcultured after 5 d to 7 d and there was 3 to 5 generations depending on the activity of the cells. CCK-8 assay demonstrated that the A values of PASMCs exposed to hypoxia increased after 24 h (P＜0.05) as compared with normoxia. TUNEL result showed that the apoptotic index of the PASMCs in hypoxia decreased after 24 h (P<0.05). CONCLUSION：This technique for obtaining cultured mouse PASMCs is simple, fast, accurate and economical. The digestion time is easy to control. Hypoxia promotes the proliferation and inhibits the apoptosis of PASMCs. 相似文献
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小檗碱和壳聚糖抗蔬菜病原真菌活性测定及复合膜制备 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了小檗碱和壳聚糖对几种常见蔬菜病原真菌的抑制活性,以及以小檗碱和壳聚糖为主料制备复合膜的方法,并测定了该膜的药物释放效果。试验表明:低浓度(0.234 mg/mL)小檗碱即可抑制辣椒炭疽病菌(Vermicularia capsici)等5种蔬菜病原真菌的生长。20 mg/mL浓度壳聚糖对番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)的抑制率高达65%,而对其余4种果蔬病原真菌也有一定的抑制作用。为了集成这2种天然化合物的优点,制备了小檗碱-壳聚糖复合膜,该膜具有缓释功能,在模拟外部环境(磷酸缓冲液,pH 6.8)条件下,20 d小檗碱累计释放率接近25%,提示其在果蔬贮藏抗菌中的应用价值。 相似文献
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钾肥在小白菜和萝卜上的施用效果 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用盆栽试验方法研究了施用钾肥对小白菜、萝卜生长发育、产量、品质及钾素含量的影响。结果表明 ,施用钾肥对小白菜和水萝卜的株高、叶片数无显著的影响 ,但可提高水萝卜块根的产量 ,提高幅度为 31.0 4 %～ 97.93%。施用钾肥可提高小白菜和萝卜的蛋白质和VC含量 ,降低硝酸盐含量 ,增加植株的钾素含量 相似文献
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Fresh onion seeds desiccated to 6.0% seed moisture content (SMC) were stored in various packaging materials under different storage conditions. Seeds packed in aluminum-laminated pouches beside those stored with silica gel at 25 °C maintained satisfactory germinability and vigour after 12 months. Desiccated seeds stored in moisture impervious containers produced more vigourous seedlings. Germination potential of onion seeds increased with reduced SMC besides storage in moisture impervious packets along with desiccants as physiological and biochemical attributes are regulated. Seed viability and vigour decreased with accelerated ageing due to increased lipid peroxidation, decreased activities of several free radical and peroxide scavenging enzymes. Electrical conductance of seed leachates also increased with ageing. Thus, adoption of appropriate storage temperature and moisture control techniques would significantly affect onion seed quality, which was due to minimum accumulation of free peroxide radicals and enhanced activity of free radical scavenging enzymes. 相似文献
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