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1.
为探讨根系分泌有机酸对植株吸收富集Pb2+的影响,土壤Pb2+含量为500mg/kg的条件下,设计外源有机酸类型为草酸、冰乙酸、丙二酸、酒石酸和苹果酸,其浓度均为1,3,5,6,7mmol/kg。在模拟日光温室中采用盆栽根袋法对黑麦草生长发育指标,根际与非根际土壤理化性质及黑麦草吸收富集效果进行分析。研究得出,外源有机酸能够在一定程度上促进黑麦草地上部分和根系干物质量的增加,黑麦草根系对Pb2+的吸收富集效果大于地上部分,有机酸的加入活化了土壤中的Pb2+,促进了植株对Pb2+的吸收富集。黑麦草根际土壤pH、Eh值和Pb2+残留量均小于非根际。酒石酸、苹果酸和丙二酸既不影响黑麦草植株生长,又可有效增加其对Pb2+的吸收富集,主要是增加地上部分对Pb2+的吸收富集;冰乙酸可显著活化土壤中的Pb2+。 相似文献
2.
铝胁迫对黑麦草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以多花黑麦草为试材,通过水培试验,研究铝浓度对黑麦草种子萌发及其幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：（1）10～50 mg/L铝浓度对黑麦草种子发芽指数和发芽率无显著影响（p〉0.05）,而铝浓度介于100～500 mg/L时,与对照相比,黑麦草种子发芽指数和发芽率显著降低（p〈0.05）;（2）铝浓度介于10～500 mg/L时,显著抑制黑麦草幼苗株高及其根的生长（p〈0.05）,且随着铝浓度的增加抑制作用越强,当铝浓度介于100～500 mg/L时,黑麦草根系停止生长;（3）铝浓度显著影响了黑麦草的质膜透性,与对照相比,10 mg/L铝浓度显著降低了其质膜透性（p〈0.05）;而50～500 mg/L铝浓度则使黑麦草质膜透性显著增加（p〈0.05）。 相似文献
3.
采用室内发芽试验方法,研究了不同浓度微囊藻毒素MC-LR对黑麦草种子发芽率、幼苗生长及幼苗体内抗氧化酶SOD、POD和CAT活性的影响,同时用液相色谱/质谱法（L/MS法）检测MC-LR在黑麦草幼苗体内的积累。结果显示,随着MC-LR处理浓度升高,黑麦草种子发芽率逐渐降低;MC-LR对黑麦草幼苗株高和干重无显著影响;但4mg·L-1MC-LR处理对幼苗根长和鲜重具有显著抑制作用。MC-LR处理提高了黑麦草幼苗体内SOD和POD活性,但高浓度MC-LR对两种酶活性又具有一定抑制作用。随着MC-LR处理浓度升高,MC-LR在幼苗体内积累含量和生物富集系数逐渐增大。黑麦草幼苗体内可积累MC-LR,这有可能通过食物链途径对食品安全造成一定潜在风险。 相似文献
4.
不同土壤中镉对大麦和多年生黑麦草毒性阈值的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据不同终点、不同农田土壤的植物毒性测试可为基于生态毒理效应的土壤镉(Cd)环境质量标准值的修订提供基础数据。以大麦和黑麦草为供试植物,研究了中国14种不同农田土壤,添加多水平外源Cd对大麦根的相对伸长量和黑麦草的发芽率、地上部生物量的影响,并结合Log-Logistic分布函数模型确定不同土壤中大麦和黑麦草Cd毒性的剂量-效应关系和毒性阈值(EC50、EC10),也测定了黑麦草地上部的Cd含量。结果表明,外源Cd含量在0～200 mg/kg时,大麦根长随土壤Cd含量的增加显著降低,EC50值为7.8～61.7 mg/kg,EC10值为0.2～5.4 mg/kg,均与土壤pH显著正相关。外源Cd含量在0～500 mg/kg时,黑麦草地上部生物量随土壤中Cd含量的增加呈先上升(5 mg/kg)后下降(≥25 mg/kg)趋势,EC50值为29.7～499.7 mg/kg,EC10值为4.4～200.0 mg/kg,二者与土壤性质均无显著相关性。与对照相比,外源Cd含量为5～25 mg/kg时,外源添加Cd对黑麦草种子发芽有促进作用,当外源Cd含量为500mg/kg时,仅有5种土壤中种子发芽率明显下降。黑麦草地上部Cd含量随着外源Cd含量(0～100mg/kg)的增加而显著升高。黑麦草地上部对土壤Cd的富集程度与土壤pH极显著负相关。黑麦草具有作为草坪草中Cd污染修复植物的潜力。大麦对土壤Cd污染胁迫比黑麦草更为敏感,总体上,pH是影响土壤Cd植物毒性的重要因素。 相似文献
5.
镧对铜尾矿区黑麦草铜耐性与积累特性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对铜陵铜尾矿库地区土壤添加不同浓度的La,研究了外源La处理对高浓度Cu胁迫下,黑麦草对Cu的耐性和积累特性的影响。结果表明:低浓度La对黑麦草种子萌发起到了促进作用,而高浓度La对黑麦草种子萌发有抑制作用。当La浓度达到100 mg kg-1时,La对黑麦草的发芽率、发芽指数、生物量和耐性指数较对照组均达到显著抑制水平(P<0.05)。黑麦草的茎叶重、根重、茎叶长、根长和耐性指数随着La浓度的增加而减少,平均抑制率分别为:11.90%、12.62%、7.21%、13.78%和13.33%。La对黑麦草的根生长的抑制作用大于茎叶。La对根重的平均抑制率比茎叶重高出2.77%;对根长的平均抑制率比茎叶长高出6.75%。黑麦草体内Cu含量随着添加La浓度的增加而增加,其中根系中Cu的含量平均上升了6.99%,地上部分Cu的含量平均上升了8.49%。显示出外源La处理增加了黑麦草对铜尾矿库区Cu的吸收和迁移。 相似文献
6.
高羊茅和黑麦草对污染土壤Cd,Pb,Zn的富集特征 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
以潮褐土为供试土壤,通过模拟试验研究了高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea)和黑麦草(Lolium multif lorum)对复合污染土壤Cd,Pb,Zn的富集特点。结果表明,在土壤Cd,Pb,Zn复合污染处理条件下,高羊茅Cd,Pb,Zn的平均富集量,地上部分别为5.76,19.77,418.18 mg/kg,地下部分别为129.82,256.66,354.66 mg/kg;黑麦草Cd,Pb,Zn的平均富集量,地上部分别为5.57,26.13,467.18 mg/kg,地下部分别为114.53,155.98,513 48 mg/kg。通过方差分析,这两种草坪草的重金属富集量没有显著差异,并且富集规律呈现较为一致的特点。地上部的富集量和土壤重金属含量的离子冲量呈显著的线性相关。这两种草坪草对其重金属的富集能力顺序为:Zn>Cd>Pb,其中对Zn的吸收呈现富集植物的特性规律,当土壤Zn含量>400 mg/kg时,其转运系数>1,地上部对Zn的富集能力很强,可作为Zn污染土壤的修复植物。通过偏相关和多元回归分析表明,这两种草坪草在土壤Cd,Pb,Zn复合污染条件下均未产生复合效应。 相似文献
7.
Zn胁迫对黑麦草幼苗生长、生理生化及Zn吸收的影响 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11
采用营养液培养法，研究了不同Zn浓度(0，0.25，0.50，1.00，2.00 mmol/L)对黑麦草幼苗生长、过氧化物酶活性、脯氨酸、根系活力及Zn吸收的影响。结果表明，低锌胁迫对黑麦草幼苗生长无抑制，过度锌胁迫(Zn≥2 mmol/L)将降低黑麦草地上部干质量。幼苗叶内游离脯氨酸含量随锌胁迫时间、锌浓度增加而增加。随Zn胁迫时间增加幼苗POD活性先降后升、根系活力先升后降，锌处理的植株地上部POD活性随锌浓度增加先降低，然后增加，而根系活力随锌浓度增加而增加。黑麦草幼苗地上部和根系Zn含量随Zn浓度的增加而增加，当Zn浓度为2.00 mmol/L时，地上部Zn含量最大值为775.0 mg/kg。 相似文献
8.
As对谷子萌发、幼苗生长及抗氧化酶系统的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为探究As对谷子苗期生长的影响及谷子生长的临界浓度,设置As浓度梯度分别为0,2,4,8,10mg/kg,以石英砂为基质,通过培养试验,分析探讨不同浓度As对谷子萌发、苗期生长与抗氧化酶系统的影响。研究表明:低浓度的As(4mg/kg)促进谷子萌发,高浓度的As(≥4mg/kg)抑制谷子萌发。当As浓度为2 mg/kg时,谷子的发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数在所有处理中最高,其值分别为18.67%,32.00%和19.00%。低浓度的As对谷子幼苗生长有促进作用,高浓度对其有抑制作用,当As浓度为2mg/kg,谷子的株高、根长和地上部鲜重与地下部鲜重都达到最大值,分别为15.46,7.34cm和0.64,0.16g,随着As浓度梯度增加,地下部鲜重/地上部鲜重先增加后降低,As对根系的促进与抑制作用大于地上部,谷子幼苗根部的As含量均明显高于地上部,且TF值逐渐减小;当As浓度4mg/kg时,As能促进谷子叶绿素的合成,在As浓度为2 mg/kg时,谷子的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素总量显著高于对照28.38%,51.60%,37.06%,As浓度高于4mg/kg时,谷子的叶绿素合成受到抑制;随着As浓度梯度的增加,谷子幼苗的SOD活性不断增强,POD与CAT活性呈先增加后减小的趋势,但均高于对照,As浓度4mg/kg后,CAT活性开始减小;As浓度8mg/kg后,谷子幼苗的POD活性开始减小,表明低浓度的As(4mg/kg)对谷子萌发及幼苗生长有促进作用,高浓度的As(≥4mg/kg)抑制谷子萌发和幼苗生长,且根系对As胁迫的反应更为敏感,抗氧化酶系统(POD和CAT)活性降低。研究可为谷子的抗污染栽培和无公害生产提供科学依据。 相似文献
9.
通过盆栽试验研究了镉（Cd）胁迫下黑麦草（LoliumperenneL.）幼苗的耐性能力（包括生长反应和生理生化特性）以及对Cd的吸收、积累、分布特征。结果表明,当Cd浓度为10mg.kg-1时,黑麦草的生长和发育没有受到明显抑制（P〉0.05）,当Cd浓度为20、60、100mg.kg-1时,黑麦草生物量、叶绿素含量、根系活性都显著降低（P〈0.05）;超氧阴离子（O2-.）、MDA含量显著增加（P〈0.05）;SOD、POD活性先增加后降低。黑麦草体内Cd积累量随着Cd浓度增加而显著增加（P〈0.05）;Cd在亚细胞内积累量：F1（细胞壁）〉F3（可溶部分）〉F2（细胞器）。黑麦草在Cd浓度为10、20mg.kg-1时,富集系数〉1.0,对Cd有较强的富集能力,转移系数〈1,富集的Cd主要累积在根部,表明黑麦草能够有效富集土壤中的Cd,且富集的Cd主要积累在根部。 相似文献
10.
Cu~(2+)对黄瓜发芽期发育和生理特性的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
研究了Cu2+浓度对黄瓜发芽期发育和生理特性的影响。结果显示,低浓度Cu2+(25 mg/L)处理对黄瓜种子萌发和幼苗生长有促进作用,其种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、根长、下胚轴长、下胚轴粗度、生物量和相对含水量均高于对照及其他浓度处理;而幼苗的质膜相对透性、丙二醛含量、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量及保护酶活性均在此浓度得达最低。但在高浓度Cu2+(Cu2+浓度在50~300mg/L时)处理下,随着Cu2+浓度增加,黄瓜种子萌发的各项指标开始下降,幼苗生长的各项生理指标开始上升,对黄瓜种子发芽和幼苗生长产生抑制作用,并在300mg/L时抑制作用最显著。 相似文献
11.
低氮和干旱胁迫对富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。 相似文献
12.
Aleš Lebeda Ivana Doležalová Eva Křístková Barbora Mieslerová 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):153-164
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions. 相似文献
13.
Kyle Devey Michael Mucalo Gordon Rajendram Joseph Lane 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):72-80
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing. 相似文献
14.
Thomas Larsen Jesper Luxhøi Jakob Magid Lars Stoumann Jensen Paul Henning Krogh 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2007,44(1):59-68
We have studied the effect of anaerobically digested (ADMSW) and composted municipal solid waste (CMSW) on mineralization
and foodweb dynamics to verify the hypothesis that ADMSW would immobilize N right after addition to soil in contrast to addition
with CMSW. Another hypothesis was that the mesofauna (enchytraeids and microarthropods) would stimulate N release from the
decomposer community. We measured excretion of -N and urea-N from the mesofauna and hypothesized that enchytraeids would release urea. ADMSW and CMSW were amended to pots
with sandy loam and barley. The pots were divided into treatments with or without mesofauna. Mesofauna, plant N and biomass,
soil N and ergosterol (fungal biomass) were measured over a 113-day period of four equidistant samplings. Soil respiration,
N mineralization and N release by the mesofauna were modelled from concurrent studies. ADMSW- and CMSW-treated soils initially
(<20 days) immobilized N. The amendments did not increase plant growth substantially, and this was probably due to N-limitation
in the early stages of plant growth. Enchytraeid abundance was about three times higher in ADMSW- than CMSW-treated soils,
indicating that ADMSW contained more labile compounds, bacteria, and microfauna. The mesofauna did not affect N-content, but
the cumulated -N excreted by the mesofauna was estimated to be substantial and about one-fifth of total plant N in ADMSW. An explanation
for this discrepancy might be that in the absence of the mesofauna, other members of the detrivore and microbivore community
performed the mesofauna’s function. Neither enchytraeids nor microarthropods excreted urea. 相似文献
15.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(6)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
16.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(7)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
17.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(8)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
18.
M.A. Callaham Jr. J.M. BlairT.C. Todd D.J. KitchenM.R. Whiles 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1079-1093
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils. 相似文献
19.
I.L. Boyd 《Biological conservation》2010,143(7):1664-1674
“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options. 相似文献
20.
Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant-available nutrients under conventional and no tillage 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate. 相似文献