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1.
本研究旨在探究牛类胚胎干细胞(Embryonic stem cells,ES)的多能性标记基因与表面标记,为优化牛类ES细胞培养条件和相关研究提供依据。利用2i/LIF培养液,通过全胚接种及机械传代法分离培养牛囊胚内细胞团(Inner cell mass,ICM),免疫荧光染色法检测其多能性标记基因与表面标记;qRT-PCR检测免疫磁珠法分选的牛囊胚ICM和滋养层细胞(Trophectoderm cell,TE)的多能性标记基因的差异表达结果。试验成功分离出了牛囊胚ICM克隆,并体外培养至第10代,且各代克隆均呈现出了典型的干细胞形态。结果表明,ICM表面标记SSEA1、SSEA4和TRA-1-60染色为阳性,且多能性标记基因OCT4、SOX2和NANOG在其中均有表达;OCT4、SOX2和NANOG在牛囊胚ICM和TE中的表达存在差异(P0.05),其中SOX2的差异极显著(P0.01)。综上表明,2i/LIF培养液有助于牛囊胚ICM的培养;SOX2可能成为牛ICM克隆的候选多能性标记基因。  相似文献   

2.
以昆明系小鼠为对象,经过丝裂霉C处理成纤维细胞(Mouse embryonic fibroblast,MEF)制备饲养层,对影响小鼠胚胎干细胞(Embryonic stem cell,ES细胞)分离培养的相关因素进行研究。分别收集小鼠3.5d的囊胚(扩张囊胚)和4.5d囊胚(孵化囊胚)进行培养,比较扩张囊胚和孵化囊胚的贴壁率、原代克隆率及传代率的情况。收集3.5d胚龄的囊胚,通过全胚法和免疫外科法对内细胞团(Inner cell mass,ICM)进行分离培养ICM集落,确定离散ICM的适宜时间。用0.25%胰酶+0.04%EDTA,0.125%胰酶+0.02%EDTA和0.25%胰酶+1%小鸡血清等方法对小鼠ES细胞集落进行传代,观察不同酶浓度对ES细胞分离克隆的影响。结果显示,孵化囊胚的贴壁率高于扩张囊胚(P0.05),但传代率则相反(P0.05),原代克隆率差异不显著(P0.05);一般ICM增殖培养2～3d(免疫外科法)或4～5d(全胚培养法)后,出现典型的克隆集落,再挑取ICM;0.125%胰酶+0.02%EDTA及0.25%胰酶+1%小鸡血清,形成ES原代克隆率较高,2组没有显著性差异(P0.05);结果表明,分离得到的ES细胞经形态学观察,AKP染色,体外分化试验等表明其具有胚胎干细胞的特性。  相似文献   

3.
本研究旨在筛选获取优质ICM集落的实验方法。以昆明系小鼠为实验动物,采集3.5、4 d和4.5 d的胚胎,分别移入DMEM培养液、DMEM+白血病抑制因子(LIF)和小鼠胎儿成纤维细胞共培养体系中进行培养,观察比较内细胞团(ICM)从透明带中孵出的时间、孵化囊胚贴壁情况以及ICM集落形成情况。结果表明:妊娠3.5 d的胚胎61%为桑椹胚,需要经过4～5 d的体外培养才能形成ICM集落;妊娠4 d的扩张囊胚经过3～4 d的共培养后形成ICM集落;妊娠4.5 d的孵化囊胚经过1～2 d的共培养即可形成ICM集落;ICM形成率以妊娠4.5 d的胚胎最高,显著高于妊娠4 d和3.5 d的胚胎(P<0.01),但妊娠4.5 d冲出孵化囊胚数量显著降低(P<0.01);小鼠胎儿成纤维细胞共培养体系优于DMEM和DMEM+LIF培养液。因此,采集妊娠4 d的昆明小鼠胚胎,选择小鼠胎儿成纤维细胞共培养体系,在体外培养3～4 d,能够有效分离培养出可用于胚胎干细胞研究的优质ICM。  相似文献   

4.
将187枚山羊胚胎按如下方式培养在GEF饲养层上:①桑椹胚直接培养;②囊胚直接培养;③囊胚去透明带后培养;④囊胚去透明带并被撕裂成碎片后培养;⑤囊胚去透明带后胰蛋白酶消化成小细胞团培养。将上述培养所获取的18个内细胞团(ICM)均分为2组,第1组始终从生长物中挑取较为浓密的类ES细胞团传代,第2组始终让培养物生长到铺满培养皿(瓶)底再传代。结果显示:①桑椹胚、囊胚直接培养以及囊胚被消化成小细胞团后培养,均未获得ICM;囊胚去透明带后培养,获得ICM的数量占参试囊胚数的30%;囊胚去透明带并被撕裂成碎片后培养,获得ICM的数量占参试囊胚数的60%。②始终从培养物中挑取类ES细胞团进行传代,传至第4代后已无细胞可传;而将培养物培养至长满培养皿(瓶)底后再一起传代,细胞可传11代以上,且其中的类ES细胞团呈大量扩增趋势。  相似文献   

5.
采用注入嵌合法初步建立了一套黄牛和水牛种间嵌合的程序与方法。采用机械剥离法或免疫外科法分离胚胎内细胞团(ICM),然后注入到已去除ICM的受体囊胚中构建形成水牛和黄牛的嵌合胚。结果发现,在用免疫外科法分离ICM时,抗血清的灭活温度从57℃升至63.5℃,ICM的获得数显著升高(0%vs100%,P<0.01),如若在分离培养液中添加6%的胎牛血清(FCS),ICM的获得数大大降低(97.6%vs0%,P<0.01)。采用免疫外科法分离得到的黄牛ICM进行水牛囊胚的ICM置换重组,重组胚的存活率与机械剥离法得到的ICM无显著差异(91.4%vs87.5%,P>0.05);但囊胚孵化率则显著提高(80%vs43.8%;P<0.05)。以上结果表明,⑴水牛和黄牛胚胎通过ICM置换获得的种间嵌合胚胎能继续发育;⑵用于黄牛ICM分离的兔抗牛抗血清需在63.5℃灭活30min,且分离需在无血清的培养液中进行;⑶通过分离ICM置换进行胚胎嵌合时,免疫外科法优于显微手术法。  相似文献   

6.
以猪孤雌激活囊胚为材料,囊胚透明带消化后采用全胚培养,培养液中添加不同培养成分或因子（如FGF2,LIF,2i等）,以及选择不同的初始培养液体积来筛选猪胚胎干细胞（embryonic stem cell,ES细胞）建系的优化培养体系。囊胚内细胞团形成的细胞集落采用胰酶消化传代。结果显示：透明带消化后,囊胚贴壁率显著升高（19．4％VS．8．8％）（P〈0．05）;初始培养液体积比平常培养液体积（0．30mL／孔,24孔培养板）减半条件下,能显著提高其贴壁率（91．7％VS 20．0％）（P〈0．01）,而且获得了可传至7代的类ES细胞系2株,碱性磷酸酶染色成阳性;当用2i因子（CHIR99021和PD03025901）去替代培养液中的FGF2,囊胚贴壁率（29．400VS53．3％）和原代集落形成率（20．0％VS 87．5％）反而显著下降（P〈0．01）。这表明培养液添加了FGF2和LIF（不舍2i因子）,用24孔板培养,最初培养体积为0．15mL,透明带消化的培养体系比较适合猪孤雌激活胚的ES细胞建系。  相似文献   

7.
某些因素对牛和小鼠类胚胎干细胞分离与培养的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
以荷斯坦牛胚胎和小鼠胚胎为材料 ,研究了犊牛血清、饲养层、培养液、添加物和消化液对牛胚胎干细胞和小鼠胚胎干细胞克隆效率的影响。结果表明 ,在 2 4h内使小鼠胚胎贴壁率达 86 %以上的犊牛血清可用于小鼠和牛胚胎干细胞的分离 ;在 ES细胞分离与克隆中 ,以 15 %～ 2 0 %犊牛血清为宜 ,在 DMEM(L)培养基中添加 0 .1μmol/LNa2 Se O3 0 .1mmol/Lβ-巯基乙醇 10 μg/L IGF 10 0 0 IU/m L L IF,能显著提高牛 ES细胞分离与克隆效率 ;在TCM199、DMEM(高糖 )和 DMEM(低糖 ) 3种培养基中 ,低糖 DMEM更适宜于牛 ES细胞的分离 ;优秀胚胎形成的团状 ICM更适宜于分离与克隆 ES细胞 ,在 37℃用低浓度消化液处理 ICM或 ES细胞集落 ,再以机械将其离散为细胞小块 ,ES细胞克隆效率最高。  相似文献   

8.
牛体外受精早期胚胎与小鼠胎仔成纤维细胞共培养的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
探讨了人工合成培养液ＣＲ１ａａ和小鼠胎仔成纤维细胞对牛体外受精早期胚胎体外发育的影响。结果表明，牛体外受精卵在ＣＲ１ａａ液中的卵裂率达７６．２％，８细胞胚的比率达４４．８％。小鼠胎仔成纤维细胞能够显著促进牛体外受精的早期囊胚以上胚胎的发育。牛体外受精后第５、６天的早期胚胎分别与小鼠胎仔成纤维细胞共培养，在受精后第７天发育至囊胚以上的比率分别达１９．８％和２４．６％；受精后第８天，孵化的囊胚比例分别达５．２％和７．５％。实验表明，受精后第５、６天的牛体外受精早期胚胎与小鼠胎仔成纤维细胞共培养，可显著提高扩张囊胚和孵化囊胚数量。小鼠成纤维细胞对胚胎发育的支持作用取决于胚胎发育阶段  相似文献   

9.
为了更高效地分离昆明小鼠胚胎干细胞,本研究从饲养层、胚胎发育阶段和培养液方面进行优化。将3代以内的小鼠胎儿成纤维细胞(MEF)用丝裂霉素C处理后,分别按1×104、1×105、1×106·mL-1密度接种,以H-DMEM+15%KSR+LIF为培养液,观察不同密度饲养层对昆明小鼠胚胎干细胞(ES细胞)生长的影响,并研究胚胎发育阶段和培养液中分别添加干细胞生长因子(SCF)、SCF+胰岛素对昆明小鼠ES细胞分离克隆的影响。结果显示,胚胎在密度为1×105·mL-1的饲养层上,F1代和F2代ES细胞克隆形成率均显著高于其他2组(P<0.05)。囊胚的F2代ES细胞克隆形成率显著高于桑椹胚(P<0.05),培养液中添加SCF显著提高昆明小鼠胚胎贴壁率(P<0.05),同时添加SCF和胰岛素得到昆明小鼠最高胚胎贴壁率及F1、F2代ES细胞克隆形成率。所分离的ES细胞显示AKP染色强阳性,Oct-4、SSEA-1的免疫荧光检测阳性,具有ES细胞的特点。由此认为,发育至囊胚的胚胎在MEF密度为1×105·mL-1上,培养液中同时添加SCF和胰岛素更适合昆明小鼠ES细胞的分离培养。  相似文献   

10.
由牛体外受精胚胎分离胚胎干细胞   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
以DMEM＋15％NBS＋0．1mmol/Lβ－巯基乙醇＋0．01μmol/L亚硒酸钠＋10μg/L LIF＋10μg/L IGF－1作为培养液，以原代小鼠胎儿成纤维细胞为饲养层，利用8日龄牛体外受精胚胎获得了传3代的牛类胚胎干细胞（类ES细胞）。通过体外分析试验，对所得类ES细胞的多能性进行了鉴定。结果在培养2d后，牛类ES细胞分化形成了类似于扩张囊胚的结构，悬浮于培养液中。  相似文献   

11.
The present study was conducted to develop an effective method for establishment of porcine parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells (ppESCs) from parthenogenetically activated oocyte-derived blastocysts. The addition of 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) to the medium on the 3rd day of oocyte culturing improved the development of blastocysts, attachment of inner cell masses (ICMs) onto feeder cells, and formation of primitive ppESC colonies. ICM attachment was further enhanced by basic fibroblast growth factor, stem cell factor, and leukemia inhibitory factor. From these attached ICMs, seven ppESC lines were established. ppESC pluripotency was verified by strong enzymatic alkaline phosphatase activity and the expression of pluripotent markers OCT3/4, Nanog, and SSEA4. Moreover, the ppESCs were induced to form an embryoid body and teratoma. Differentiation into three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm) was confirmed by the expression of specific markers for the layers and histological analysis. In conclusion, data from the present study suggested that our modified culture conditions using FBS and cytokines are highly useful for improving the generation of pluripotent ppESCs.  相似文献   

12.
Pigs serve as a better research model for human beings than other species. The Chinese laboratory miniature pig is a new laboratory animal and is expected to be applicable in many medical research fields. This study was to establish effective technologies to isolate and culture ES cells in Chinese miniature pigs. For isolation of the inner cell mass from blastocysts, an enzyme-digestive method was compared with the traditional immunosurgery. Isolated ICM were cultured in three feeder cell layers: mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF), porcine embryonic fibroblasts (PEF) and a continuous cell line of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (STO). Microtubule activity of the three feeder cells was further examined by immunofluorescence. ICM were successfully isolated from 85% of blastocysts by the enzyme-digestive method, compared to only 40% by immunosurgery. When ICM were cultured in three feeder layers for two to three days, 75%, 65% and 20% of ICMs formed primary cell colonies in MEF, PEF and STO, respectively. Colonies were also formed during subcultures after 9, 5 and 1 passage in MEF, PEF and STO, respectively. Microtubules in STO cells were significantly fewer than those in MEF and PEF. When the ES-like cells were cultured in a differentiation medium, they differentiated to neuron-like cells and other types of cells. These results indicate that healthier ICM can be obtained with the enzyme-digestive method. Successful culture of ICM to ES-like cells has been achieved not only in MEF, but also in homologous (pig) feeder layer. The ES cells obtained in the present study were pluripotent.  相似文献   

13.
山羊类ES细胞的分离与克隆   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  
采集山羊交配后6～8d的桑椹胚、囊胚和孵化囊胚,将桑椹胚和囊胚分别放在小鼠原代胎儿成纤维细胞(PMEF)饲养层和同源原代胎儿成纤维细胞(PGEF)饲养层上比较其脱带时间及脱带率。脱带后,将各自一半胚胎切割,把含ICM的半胚分别放在相应饲养层上进行培养,另一半整胚在各自饲养层上继续培养,而孵化囊胚直接于PGEF饲养层上培养。当ICM增殖一定程度时进行传代,以比较其类ES细胞分离与克隆的效果。结果表明,在2种不同饲养层上,囊胚的脱带时间均短于桑椹胚,囊胚的脱带率均高于桑椹胚,而饲养层的种类对胚胎的脱带时间以及脱带率影响不大。脱带切割囊胚不论在PMEF还是在PGEF饲养层上,其贴壁时间均短于脱带整胚及孵化囊胚,而贴壁率高于脱带整胚,与孵化囊胚相似。脱带整胚及脱带切割胚在PMEF饲养层上所获类ES细胞只能维持3代,而在PGEF饲养层上,脱带切割半胚和孵化囊胚所获类ES细胞传至5代。由此认为,对脱带后的胚胎进行切割处理,有利于ICM的贴壁和增殖;应用同源原代胎儿成纤维细胞饲养层培养系统,有利于类ES细胞的分离与克隆。  相似文献   

14.
Despite extensive efforts, establishment of bovine embryonic stem (ES) cell lines has not been successful. We hypothesized that culture conditions for in vitro-produced (IVP) embryos, the most used source of inner cell mass (ICM) to obtain ES cells, might affect their undifferentiated state. Therefore, the aim of this work was to improve pluripotency of IVP blastocysts to produce suitable ICM for further culturing. We tested KSR and foetal calf serum (FCS) supplements in SOF medium and ES cell conditioned medium (CM) on IVC (groups: KSR, KSR CM, FCS and FCS CM). Cleavage and blastocyst rates were similar between all groups. Also, embryonic quality, assessed by apoptosis rates (TUNEL assay), total cell number and ICM percentage did not differ between experimental groups. However, expression of pluripotency-related markers was affected. We detected down-regulation of OCT3/4, SOX2 and SSEA1 in ICM of FCS CM blastocysts (p < 0.05). SOX2 gene expression revealed lower levels (p < 0.05) on KSR CM blastocysts and a remarkable variation in SOX2 mRNA levels on FCS-supplemented blastocysts. In conclusion, pluripotency-related markers tend to decrease after supplementation with ES cell CM, suggesting different mechanisms regulating mouse and bovine pluripotency. KSR supplementation did not differ from FCS, but FCS replacement by KSR may produce blastocysts with stable SOX2 gene expression levels.  相似文献   

15.
In Expt 1, goat antisera against rabbit blastocysts were induced using spleen cell injection and skin-graft for immunosurgical isolation of ICM cells. Goats received rabbit spleen cell suspension (4 × 108 cells/ml) intravenously once a week for three consecutive weeks, plus an additional dose (boost injection) 10 days after the third injection, or a piece of rabbit skin (3 × 3 cm) transplantation. Blood samples were collected starting from the day after the last cell injection for 21 days. Serum was separated, heat inactivated and stored in frozen condition before titre analysis. Results showed that the antisera/antibodies derived by spleen cell injection reached their peak titre 7 days after the last cell injection, compared with 5 days by the skin-grafted group. In Expt 2, morphologically normal blastocysts were collected for isolating ICMs immunosurgically or for direct culture of zona-free whole blastocysts. In both methods, ICM cells started attaching to the feeder layer and outgrowing from the centre portion of the cells on day 3 after the onset of culture. ICM outgrowths increased in size during days 4–5, and most cells differentiated morphologically after day 6. One colony derived from isolated ICM developed into morphologically ES-like cells expressing alkaline phosphatase activity. Our results indicated that both skin-grafting and spleen cell injection were effective inducing antisera against rabbit embryonic cells. More studies are required to optimize the culture system for rabbit ES cells.  相似文献   

16.
In this study, inner cell mass (ICM) cells were isolated from in vitro produced buffalo blastocysts and were cultured on mitomycin‐C treated buffalo foetal fibroblast feeder layer for producing embryonic stem (ES) cells. Among different sources (hatched vs expanded blastocysts) or methods (enzymatic vs mechanical), mechanical isolation of ICM from hatched blastocysts resulted in the highest primary colony formation rate and the maximum passage number up to which ES cells survived. Putative ES cells expressed alkaline phosphatase and exhibited a normal karyotype up to passage 7. Putative ES cells and embryos at 2‐ to 4‐cell, 8‐ to 16‐cell, morula and blastocyst stages strongly expressed stage‐specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)‐4 but lacked expressions of SSEA‐1 and SSEA‐3. Putative ES cells also expressed tumour rejection antigen (TRA)‐1‐60, TRA‐1‐81 and Oct4. Whereas in all early embryonic stages, TRA‐1‐60 was observed only in the periplasmic space, and TRA‐1‐81 expression was observed as small spots at a few places inside the embryos, both these markers were expressed by ICM. Oct4 expression, which was observed at all the embryonic stages and also in the trophectoderm, was the strongest in the ICM. Buffalo putative ES cells possess a unique pluripotency‐related surface antigen phenotype, which resembles that of the ICM.  相似文献   

17.
A limited number of reports is available on cryopreservation of in vitro fertilization (IVF)‐derived cat blastocysts. In the present study, IVF‐derived domestic cat embryos which reached the blastocyst stage either on day 6 or day 7 were cryopreserved by vitrification using Cryotop as a cryodevice. Fresh control and post‐warm surviving blastocysts were examined by differential cell staining with Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide to determine total cell number and inner cell mass (ICM) ratio, and the post‐warm survival rate was determined by re‐expansion of the blastocoel during 24 h of in vitro culture. In fresh control, the mean number of total cells of day 7 blastocysts (61.4 cells) tended to be smaller than that of day 6 blastocysts (81.9 cells, p = 0.096). The post‐warm survival rates of day 6 and day 7 blastocysts were not statistically different (73.8%; 31 of 42 vs 66.7%; 18 of 27). There were no significant differences in the total cell number and ICM ratio between fresh control and vitrified blastocysts, although the ICM ratio of surviving day 7 blastocysts was significantly smaller than that of fresh controls (stained at day 8, 18.9% vs 28.9%, p < 0.05). These results indicate that IVF‐derived domestic cat embryos that reached the blastocyst stage earlier can survive the Cryotop vitrification without a reduction in the parameters studied.  相似文献   

18.
从胚胎发育阶段、饲养层和培养体系等方面对影响绵羊类ES细胞分离、克隆效率的因素进行探讨。结果显示：致密桑葚胚和囊胚的ICM增殖率高于囊胚和孵化囊胚。绵羊类ES细胞在同源绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞（SEF）上生长比较缓慢,最终传代次数也低于小鼠胎儿成纤维细胞（MEF）组。培养液中同时添加胎牛血清（FBS）和Knock-out血清替代品（KSR）,绵羊类ES传至7代,添加了碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）后,最高可传至8代,而单纯添加KSR或FBS,分别传至4代和5代。对类ES细胞进行AKP染色、核型分析、体外分化试验,证实分离的类ES细胞符合ES细胞的主要特征,而且表达多潜能性细胞因子Nanog。由此认为,致密桑葚胚和囊胚更适合绵羊类ES细胞的体外分离和培养,而且MEF更适合于绵羊类ES细胞的分离传代,培养液中添加5%FBS和15%KSR,比较适合类ES细胞的分离传代,bFGF对绵羊类ES细胞的增殖具有促进作用。  相似文献   

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