共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 189 毫秒
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高分一号卫星数据在内蒙古草原遥感监测研究中的应用前景 《畜牧与饲料科学》2016,37(11):27-27
内蒙古天然草地资源丰富,占全国草地面积的22%,目前草原遥感研究采用的数据在精度和效率上不能完全满足内蒙古自治区草原遥感研究与大面积应用需求。介绍了高分一号卫星数据长时效、高时空分辨率、大幅宽、高效能的特点,分析了其在草地分类,面积监测,生产力监测,牧草品质监测,病虫、鼠害监测及草地生态安全业务化监测体系研究中的应用前景。 相似文献
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甘南草地地上生物量的高光谱遥感估算研究 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
为了促进高光谱分辨率遥感技术在草地畜牧业动态监测和遥感估产中的应用,选择甘南草原为研究区,通过野外观测,测量了天然牧草的冠层高光谱和地上生物量数据,分析了4种主要草地类型的冠层光谱曲线特征,并分析了地上鲜生物量与冠层反射光谱和一阶微分光谱之间的相关关系,构建了光谱特征参数作为变量,建立了甘南草原牧草地上鲜生物量的高光谱估算模型,并对模型进行检验,结果表明：特征参数D723的对数回归模型,不仅相关系数较高,而且均方根和相对误差都较小,因此,估算精度较高,可作为甘南草地地上鲜生物量的最佳高光谱估算模型。 相似文献
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本试验选取了青海省海北地区的海晏县作为研究区域，按照返青期（4-6月）、盛草期（7-9月）、枯黄期（10-12月）和枯草期（1-3月）4个阶段，试图通过实地测量、实验室分析与高分遥感影像相结合，分别筛选与草地各营养指标含量相关性最优的植被指数，建立草地营养含量月际动态估测模型，旨在将高分卫星影像与地面高光谱数据相结合，初步探寻天然草地各营养指标含量的月际动态规律，对指导冷季补饲及实现草地资源最优配置具有重要意义。结果表明：结合高分遥感数据，针对不同月份分别筛选最佳反演模型，对各营养指标含量进行反演，以此分析草场各营养含量月际动态变化规律是可行的；牧草干物质、粗蛋白、钙和磷含量随着返青期-盛草期-枯黄期-枯草期的变化趋势，基本呈现先增后减型变化。4个阶段中，草场干物质和磷含量最大相差约6倍，粗蛋白含量最大相差约7倍，钙含量最大相差约17倍。 相似文献
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为探究放牧强度、家畜类型和放牧制度3种放牧因素以及采样时间、草地类型、年均温和年均降水量4种环境因素对中国北方天然草地群落营养品质的影响，本研究通过对35篇中英文文献，共计306组数据进行了基于随机效应和贝叶斯方法的Meta分析，定量研究了放牧对草地群落营养品质(粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、无氮浸出物、粗纤维、酸性和中性洗涤纤维含量)的效应，并结合随机森林方法，研究了7种因素对放牧效应的影响。结果表明，放牧可以增加草地群落粗蛋白含量，减少群落纤维含量，提高草地群落存留部分的营养品质，同时7种因素均对放牧效应存在显著影响，但对于不同营养品质指标，不同因素对放牧效应的影响存在差异。本研究为我国北方天然草地基于牧草品质的管理和研究工作提供了资料和参考。 相似文献
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采用体外发酵法对玛曲县高寒草甸、沼泽化草甸、灌丛草地及山地草甸天然混合牧草青草期、返青前期和枯黄期的消失率和营养成分进行测定,旨在探讨玛曲县高寒草甸、沼泽化草甸、灌丛草地及山地草甸天然混合牧草不同生育期营养品质的变化,为不同草地类型及不同时期草地放牧家畜合理利用提供基础数据。结果表明,生育期对玛曲天然草地牧草干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、总能(GE)、钙(Ca)、磷(P)、NDF消失率、OM消失率和DM消失率有显著性影响(P 0.05),对粗灰分(Ash)无显著影响(P0.05);草地类型对玛曲天然牧草的NDF、 Ash、 GE、 ADF消失率和OM消失率均有显著影响(P 0.05);生育期×草地类型交互作用对DM、CP、NDF、ADF、GE、Ca、P、NDF消失率和OM消失率均有显著影响(P 0.05)。研究结果显示,玛曲县天然牧草营养品质发育变化差异较大。 相似文献
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新疆北部不同类型天然草地产草量遥感监测模型 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
应用1992－1994年乌鲁木齐、阜康试验区不同草地类型的光谱观测资料和乌鲁木齐、阜康、阿勒泰试验区的牧草产量资料及NOAA／AVHRR资料,建立了新疆北部不同类型天然草地牧草产量光谱监测模型、卫星遥感模型,为建立草地感监测系统奠定了基础。 相似文献
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In order to promote the application of hyperspectral remote sensing in the quantification of grassland areas’ physiological and biochemical parameters, based on the spectral characteristics of ground measurements, the dry AGB and multisensor satellite remote sensing data, including such methods as correlation analysis, scaling up, and regression analysis, were used to establish a multiscale remote sensing inversion model for the alpine grassland biomass. The feasibility and effectiveness of the model were verified by the remote sensing estimation of a time-space sequence biomass of a plateau grassland in northern Tibet. The results showed that, in the ground spectral characteristic parameters of the grassland’s biomass, the original wave bands of 550, 680, 860, and 900 nm, as well as their combination form, had a good correlation with biomass. Also, the remote sensing biomass estimation model established on the basis of the two spectral characteristics (VI2 and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index [NDVI]) had a high inversion accuracy and was easy to realize, with a fitting R2 of 0.869 and an F test value of 92.6. The biomass remote sensing estimate after scale transformation had a standard deviation of 53.9 kg/ha from the fitting model established by MODIS NDVI, and the estimation accuracy was 89%. Therefore, it displayed the ability to realize the estimation of large-scale and long-time sequence remote sensing biomass. The verification of the model’s accuracy, comparison of the existing research results of predecessors, and analysis of the regional development background demonstrated the effectiveness and feasibility of this method. 相似文献
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Rui Gao Qingming Kong Hongguang Wang Zhongbin Su 《Strength and Conditioning Journal》2019,72(6):916-922
Grasslands are the largest renewable source of terrestrial chlorophytes. Furthermore, grasslands can be both fiber sources and the primary metabolizable energy source for ruminants. Therefore, rapid, accurate, and large-scale monitoring of grassland ecosystems is important to provide spatial information on forage quality control and rangeland management. In this experiment, 100 grassland sites were randomly selected in two study areas. A multiaxis unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) made 26 flights over those areas to capture spectral images during August 2016, which enabled the acquisition of vegetation index values of the grassland sites. Next, grassland plots were harvested and the nutritional composition of the grass was determined. After selecting the most sensitive spectral information for each nutritional value, retrieval models for grassland nutrition were constructed. Predictor variables of the models were then tested on the samples. The results demonstrate that there are correlations between nutritional values and vegetation indices. The predicted values of the coefficient of determination (R2-P) and root mean square error (RMSE) for dry matter (DM) were 0.676% and 4.719%. The same values for crude protein (CP) were 0.653% and 1.361%. The R2-P and RMSE values for in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD) prediction models were weak, but they could be improved by more sensitive wavelengths and improved mathematical models to fit the data. The results show that UAV remote sensing can be used to estimate the feed values of natural grassland and that this sensing approach provides a rapid, flexible, and efficient method of estimating feed values. Although the prediction models for nutritional values need to be improved, they still opened perspectives for the use of UAV-based remote sensing in rangeland management and grassland husbandry. 相似文献
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施氮和刈割对辽西北退化草地牧草产量和品质的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
施氮和刈割是天然草地有效管理方式。为探究退化草地高效利用方式,以辽宁省西北部农牧交错区退化草地为研究对象,设置氮肥添加（0、10 g N·m-2·a-1）和刈割处理（留茬高度3、6、12 cm、不刈割）,通过连续两年测定牧草产量和22项牧草品质指标,分析施氮和刈割对辽西北退化草地牧草产量和品质的影响。结果表明：1）施氮显著提高了2018和2019年产草量、粗蛋白和2019年牧草产奶净能、维持净能、增重净能、总可消化养分、奶吨指数,极显著降低了2019年酸性洗涤纤维含量,对退化草地牧草产量、净能以及养分含量的提升均有促进作用。2）刈割显著影响了2018和2019年牧草中性洗涤纤维、钙元素、磷元素含量、体外干物质消化率和相对饲喂价值,2018年粗灰分、镁元素含量以及2019年非纤维性碳水化合物、维持净能、增重净能、总可消化养分和相对饲草品质,在对退化草地进行适度利用的同时牧草品质也有较大提升。3）施氮和刈割交互作用对退化草地牧草粗蛋白、粗灰分、产奶净能以及奶吨指数有显著影响。4）牧草粗灰分、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、可消化中性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维消化率、镁元素、产奶净能、维持净能、增重净能、奶吨指数、总可消化养分以及相对饲喂价值共12项营养品质指标与粗蛋白之间存在显著相关关系。研究表明,施氮和刈割作为退化草地的有效管理和利用方式,单独作用或交互作用均对牧草产量和品质的提升有不同程度的正向反馈,其中以施氮结合留茬3 cm刈割处理下牧草产量和品质最高,可为退化草地的合理利用和可持续发展提供理论参考。 相似文献
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利用高光谱遥感技术能快速、无损、高效地获取草地地上生物量信息,对牧区牧草高效管理、草畜供求关系平衡以及放牧制度优化等方面具有重要意义。为了寻求估算生长旺盛期草地地上生物量最适宜的微分光谱阶数,本研究在内蒙古天然草场通过原位试验采集了高光谱反射率与地上生物量数据,对原始光谱反射率数据进行一至四阶微分处理,在全波段范围内挑选最佳波段构建简单比值植被指数（Simple ratio vegetation index,SRVI）、归一化植被指数（Normalized difference vegetation index,NDVI）、土壤调节植被指数（Soil adjusted vegetation index,SAVI）和增强型植被指数（Enhanced vegetation index,EVI）4种高光谱植被指数,建立相应地上生物量估算模型并对比评价各模型精度。结果表明：对原始高光谱反射率进行微分处理,有助于提高敏感波段与地上生物量的相关性;红边波段与近红外波段是构建最佳植被指数的重要组成波段,占所有优选波段的82%;基于二阶微分光谱的最佳SRVI和NDVI模型精度最好,R2分别为0.69和0.70,RMSE分别为196.60 g·m-2和196.65 g·m-2,过高的微分阶数反而会降低估算模型的精度。本研究能为利用不同阶微分高光谱估算草地地上生物量提供科学借鉴,为精准快速的牧区天然草场遥感监测提供技术和方法支持。 相似文献
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The beef cattle industry relies on the use of high-forage diets to develop replacement females, maintain the cow herd, and sustain stocker operations Forage quantity and quality fluctuate with season and environmental conditions Depending on class and physiological state of the animal, a forage diet may not always meet nutritional requirements, resulting in reduced ADG or BW loss if supplemental nutrients are not provided It is important to understand the consequences of such BW loss and the economics of providing supplementation to the beef production system Periods of limited or insufficient nutrient availability can be followed by periods of compensatory BW gain once dietary conditions improve This may have less impact on breeding animals, provided reproductive efficiency is not compromised, where actual BW is not as important as it is in animals destined for the feedlot A rapidly evolving body of literature is also demonstrating that nutritional status of cows during pregnancy can affect subsequent offspring development and production characteristics later in life The concept of fetal programming is that maternal stimuli during critical periods of fetal development have long-term implications for offspring Depending on timing, magnitude, and duration of nutrient limitation or supplementation, it is possible that early measures in life, such as calf birth BW, may be unaffected, whereas measures later in life, such as weaning BW, carcass characteristics, and reproductive traits, may be influenced This body of research provides compelling evidence of a fetal programming response to maternal nutrition in beef cattle Future competitiveness of the US beef industry will continue to be dependent on the use of high-forage diets to meet the majority of nutrient requirements Consequences of nutrient restriction or supplementation must be considered not only on individual animal performance but also the developing fetus and its subsequent performance throughout life. 相似文献
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人工草地是云贵高原石漠化地区的主要放牧地。本研究通过放牧试验、饲喂试验和消化代谢试验相结合的方法,评价了云贵高原石漠化地区2个人工草场的营养价值和转化效率。放牧试验结果表明,相同放牧压力下,永善试验地的土壤养分、微量元素和牧草产量显著低于寻甸试验地,但两地人工草地中牧草的营养成分没有显著差异。饲喂试验结果表明,绵羊对永善试验地牧草的利用效率要高于寻甸试验地,绵羊对永善试验地牧草中Mg、Fe、Cu、Mn等元素的消化率和沉积率均显著高于寻甸试验地。消化代谢试验结果表明,寻甸试验地粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、粗纤维、无氮浸出物等牧草养分的含量高于永善试验地,绵羊的消化率也高;采食量和体增重2个指标的各自变化趋势也和以上研究结果基本相同。上述结果表明,虽然永善试验地牧草土壤相对贫瘠,牧草产量低,但家畜转化效率高,因此高原石漠化地区应在牧草成熟期后放牧绵羊,并补饲一定的微量元素。 相似文献