共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
概述了几种果蔬冷冻新技术,即高压冷冻、超声波联合冷冻、电磁场辅助冷冻(磁场辅助冷冻和脉冲电场冷冻处理),这些技术主要通过缩短冷冻时间(6%~24%)、形成较小的冰晶(直径≤80μm)以提升冷冻产品品质。高压冷冻形成冰晶具有瞬时性,能应用于体积较大的水果,但不适合质地过软的果蔬;超声波冷冻通过超声波空穴效应,形成更小的冰晶并能一定程度灭酶,缺点是冷冻过程需要包装以隔绝冷冻液;磁场辅助冷冻是最先应用于生产中(日本CAS冷冻设备),能缩短果蔬冷冻相变时间;脉冲电场冷冻虽能显著缩短冷冻时间,但易造成细胞膜穿孔,需要配合冷冻保护剂和组织改进剂。因此,应该根据果蔬体积、质地等因素选择合适的冷冻新技术,以提高果蔬冷冻品质。 相似文献
2.
采用面团持水力、发酵力、质构分析、感官评价等方法,探究了不同小麦粉冷冻面团在长期冻藏过程中的品质变化。结果表明,长期冻藏过程中冷冻面团因冰晶生成和酵母死亡致使面团面筋网络结构不断弱化,高筋小麦粉比低筋、中筋小麦粉冷冻面团的面筋网络结构更牢固,面团的锁水能力更强,在短期冻藏内存在一定程度的品质改善,低筋、高筋小麦粉冷冻面团的品质则不断劣化。不同小麦粉冷冻面团在冻藏过程中的硬度品质劣化最严重,冻藏35 d后,低筋、中筋、高筋小麦粉馒头的硬度分别提高了63.6%,81.2%,-13.4%;弹性分别降低了3.13%,7.86%,2.29%。 相似文献
3.
影响肉类食品冷冻质量的若干因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在不同冷冻条件下冷冻肉类食品均有不同的品质变化.冻结温度、冻结曲线、最大冰晶生成带速度、冷冻中的玻璃化转变以及转变温度都对食品组织结构、蛋白质冻结变性、食品外观、风味、营养等构成直接的影响. 相似文献
4.
《农产品加工．学刊》2021,(19)
冷冻鱼糜制品因其营养价值高、口感丰富、使用方便而深受消费者喜爱,鱼糜在加热过程中形成的凝胶是评价冷冻鱼糜制品品质好坏的重要因素。在实际贮藏、运输过程中温度的浮动使鱼糜凝胶制品经历多次冻融循环,使得肌肉组织在冰晶反复形成和融化的过程中被破坏,导致质构变化,同时使鱼糜凝胶内部水分重新分布,严重影响鱼糜凝胶的品质。阐述鱼糜凝胶形成及破坏的机理,总结目前此方面研究的进展,并结合皮克林乳液的性质提出皮克林乳液对提高鱼糜凝胶冻融稳定性的潜在研究方向。 相似文献
5.
以圣女果为原料,采用超声波辅助提取法提取圣女果中的番茄红素,在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验对该提取工艺进行优化,同时利用清除DPPH·法和·OH法评价圣女果番茄红素的抗氧化活性。结果表明,超声波辅助提取圣女果番茄红素的最佳工艺条件为:以体积比为7∶1的乙酸乙酯-丙酮溶液为提取剂,料液比1∶7(g/m L),超声功率280 W,超声温度70℃,超声时间50 min。在该工艺条件下,番茄红素提取量为63.2μg/g。圣女果番茄红素对DPPH·和·OH具有较强的清除能力,且与番茄红素浓度呈明显的量效关系,表明圣女果番茄红素具有强的抗氧化活性,可作为一种天然抗氧化剂。 相似文献
6.
咖啡因和维生素E对小尾寒羊精液冷冻保存的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究冷冻稀释液中分别添加不同浓度的咖啡因和维生素E后对小尾寒羊精液冷冻保存的影响。将不同浓度的咖啡因和维生素E分别添加于冷冻前的小尾寒羊精液稀释液中,用精子活率、顶体完整率和畸形率,作为判定精子冷冻品质的指标,初步确定2种稀释液添加成分对小尾寒羊精液品质的影响。当添加维生素E的浓度为0.4mg/mL时,冷冻后的精子活率较高,畸形率较低,且精子顶体完整率也较高;添加5mg/mL咖啡因能显著提高精子的解冻后活率,其活率为0.35,对精子畸形率和顶体完整率无显著影响。在冷冻精液稀释液中添加适当浓度维生素E可以减缓冷冻对精子的伤害,提高小尾寒羊冷冻精子活率,改善冷冻精液的品质;当添加5mg/mL的咖啡因于稀释液中冷冻时,解冻后精液活率显著提高,但不影响精子畸形率和顶体完整率。 相似文献
7.
8.
试验研究了不同施氮量和施肥方式对泽泻产量、品质和氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明,在同一生育期,各施氮处理生物量显著高于对照A0(不施氮),且泽泻产量随着施氮量的增加而增加,但A3(施氮量150kg/hm2)和A4(施氮量200kg/hm2)处理间差异不明显。同时,随着施氮量的增加,氮素吸收利用率呈先增后减的趋势。不同的施肥方式对泽泻产量和品质影响不同,B2(底追肥各1/2)施肥方式较B1(底肥一次施入)施肥方式更能明显提高泽泻的产量和品质。由此可以得出,在各种处理组合中,A3B2处理(施氮量为150kg/hm2和底追肥各1/2组合)是提高泽泻产量和品质的最优组合。 相似文献
9.
氮磷钾肥对不同筋型冬小麦产量、加工品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以中筋小麦中麦8(Bl)、京冬8(B2)和强筋小麦皖麦38(B3)、济麦20(B4)为试验材料,采用裂区试验设计,研究了不同氮磷钾肥处理[A1为单施氮肥(纯氮240kg/hm2),A2为单施磷肥(P2o5150kg/hm2),A3为单施钾肥(K2O120kg/hm2),A4为对照(不施肥)〕对不同品质类型冬小麦产量、品质的影响。结果表明,4个小麦品种产量因素在不同肥料处理间存在差异,在3个施肥处理间差异不明显,但均显著高于对照(穗粒数除外)。单施氮肥对面团性状的改善优于单施磷、钾肥;而单施磷肥不利于提高面包烘焙体积。沉降值与所有加工品质参数关系更为密切,均呈极显著正相关。 相似文献
10.
11.
为了探究不同品种的樱桃番茄果实在采后贮藏期间生理生化的变化,以吉甜一号和千禧两种樱桃番茄果实作为试验材料,在4℃贮藏条件下贮藏16 d,定期观察其外观品质,并测定其相关生理指标以确定最优品种,同时对两种樱桃番茄果实进行气调处理(4%O2+2%CO2)、1-MCP处理和0.25 kJ/m2 UV-C辐照处理,进一步探究更有益于樱桃番茄果实的采后贮藏方式。结果表明:在4℃贮藏条件下,吉甜一号比千禧樱桃番茄果实外观品质更优,更有利于贮藏;使用0.25 kJ/m2 UV-C辐照处理能够抑制两种樱桃番茄果实的硬度和可滴定酸含量的下降,延缓可溶性蛋白的流失,较好地减少了果实营养物质的消耗;使用1-MCP处理能够保持两种樱桃番茄果实可溶性固形物含量,有效抑制果实中VC含量的降低;经0.25 kJ/m2 UV-C辐照处理和1-MCP处理均能有效保持两种樱桃番茄的品质,而气调处理虽能减少樱桃番茄的乙烯释放量,但不利于贮藏保鲜。 相似文献
12.
Cherry tomatoes are one of the major vegetables consumed in the fresh-cut market. However, the quality evaluation process, which is dependent on simple size- or color-sorting techniques, is inadequate to meet increased consumer demands for high quality and safety. Among various quality evaluations, detection of cracking defects in cherry tomatoes is a critical process since this type of damage can harbor pathogenic microbes that may have detrimental consequences on consumer health. In this study, a multi-spectral fluorescence imaging technique has been presented as a diagnostic tool for non-destructive detection of defective cherry tomatoes. Fluorescence intensity in the area of cracked cuticle was significantly higher in the blue-green spectral region than that of the sound surfaces, suggesting the multi-spectral fluorescence imaging technique as an effective classification tool for detecting cracking defects on cherry tomatoes. Simple ANOVA classification analysis and principal component analysis were employed to investigate optimal fluorescence wavebands. The results illustrate that a multi-spectral fluorescence image in linear combination with a pair of selected wavebands based on the results of ANOVA analysis was able to detect defective cherry tomatoes with >99% accuracy. The detection algorithm investigated in this study is expected to be used to develop on-site and real-time multi-spectral systems for quality evaluation of cherry tomatoes in postharvest processing plants. 相似文献
13.
不同浓度水杨酸处理对樱桃番茄在贮藏期间活性氧代谢的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以樱桃番茄为研究对象,采摘后用质量浓度为0.1,0.3,0.5 g/L的水杨酸(SA)溶液浸泡果实20 min,在室温条件(20～25℃)贮藏,以清水作为对照。测定与活性氧代谢相关的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性以及超氧阴离子(O2-)的产生速率,确立其变化趋势。结果表明,质量浓度为0.5 g/L的SA涂膜处理,能降低樱桃番茄贮藏期间CAT,APX活性的下降幅度,有效地提高樱桃番茄SOD的活性,将樱桃番茄中的POD维持在一个较高活性状态,抑制超氧阴离子速率的增长,防止了过高的氧化伤害,延缓了细胞的衰老,从而延长果实的贮藏期。 相似文献
14.
Abscission is an important postharvest factor for table grapes and cluster cherry tomatoes. There are methods to measure the individual fruit removal force but until now there has been no objective method to study the abscission at a whole cluster level. The working principle of the instrument is that a cluster is attached to a rod which is allowed to fall freely for a pre-determined distance; as the rod stops, the momentum of the berries is converted to detachment force applied to the abscission zone of each berry. The abscission potential can be evaluated as a percentage of fruit detached from cluster under given conditions. The instrument was constructed for robust and adjustable experimental use. It is shown that the abscission percentage for both table grapes and cluster cherry tomatoes was proportional to the free-fall distance. By using the instrument, we showed that the abscission potential of cluster cherry tomatoes was low during the first 2 weeks of storage and that it increased thereafter. Storage of cluster cherry tomatoes at 7 °C resulted in significantly less abscission than at 12 °C, as assessed either by manual shaking or by using the instrument. Treatment of grapes with the cytokinin-like compound forchlorfenthuron at 4 mg L−1 during the early stages of fruit development resulted in significant reduction in abscission potential. These results demonstrate that the method can be used as a reliable experimental tool for objective evaluation of abscission potential. 相似文献
15.
Edible composite coatings based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), beeswax (BW), and food preservatives with antifungal properties, were evaluated on cherry tomatoes during cold storage. Food preservatives selected from previous research work included sodium propionate (SP), potassium carbonate (PC), ammonium phosphate (APh) and ammonium carbonate (AC). Cherry tomatoes artificially inoculated with Botrytis cinerea were coated and stored up to 15 d at 5 °C followed by 7 d of shelf-life at 20 °C. All antifungal HPMC-BW coatings significantly reduced gray mold development on inoculated and cold-stored cherry tomatoes, the SP-based coating being the most effective. Analytical and sensory fruit quality was also evaluated after cold storage and shelf-life. The AC-based coating was the most effective to control weight loss and maintain the firmness of coated cherry tomatoes. Respiration rate, firmness, color, sensory flavor, off-flavor, and fruit appearance were not adversely affected by the application of the antifungal coatings. Overall, the application of HPMC-BW edible composite coatings containing AC could be a promising treatment to extend the postharvest life of cherry tomatoes. Further studies should focus on the modification of some physical characteristics of the coatings in order to enhance the general performance and provide higher peel gloss. 相似文献
16.
为了明确麻地膜覆盖在设施大棚内对樱桃番茄生长及产量的影响,本研究采用‘浙樱粉1号’为实验材料,设置3个处理:麻地膜覆盖、塑料地膜覆盖及对照(不覆盖),比较了不同覆盖措施对‘浙樱粉1号’株高、茎粗、单株鲜重、结果数量及樱桃番茄鲜果重的影响。结果表明,在设施大棚内采用麻地膜覆盖增加了‘浙樱粉1号’株高、茎粗、结果数量及樱桃番茄鲜果重。麻地膜覆盖对设施大棚内种植的樱桃番茄有增产作用,麻地膜的推广应用可以减少塑料地膜对环境污染,利于农业的可持续发展。 相似文献
17.
18.
基于CiteSpace V信息可视化分析软件,以CNKI数据库248篇圣女果文献为研究对象,采用关键词共现网络及聚类分析生成圣女果研究知识图谱,为研究者深入开展圣女果保鲜和深加工研究提供参考。研究结果表明：圣女果研究文献呈逐年增多趋势,圣女果研究成果较多的研究机构是百色学院农业与食品工程学院、广东食品药品职业学院、海南工业研究所等,成果较多的作者是肖春玲、祝美云、李瑜等,圣女果研究热点主要集中在保鲜、万寿菊、壳聚糖、成品品质等几个方面。 相似文献
19.
气调箱贮藏甜樱桃品质变化研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文以美早和萨米脱为试材,研究了气调箱保鲜处理对果实贮藏品质变化的影响。结果显示,甜樱桃贮藏过程中,气调箱内CO2浓度基本维持在12-15%;气调箱处理甜樱桃果实硬度显著高于对照果实,轻微降低了可溶性固形物的含量;但却保持了果实较高的可滴定酸含量以及维生素C含量。气调处理最明显的效果就是降低了甜樱桃果实的腐烂率。两品种相比较,萨米脱的腐烂率要远低于美早,耐贮性较好。两品种果实0oC贮藏60 d后仍具有较好的感官品质,并可以保证3 d的常温货架期。 相似文献