共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Carretero-Roque L. Colunga B. Smith D. G. Gonzalez-Ronquillo M. Solis-Mendez A. Castel&#;n-Ortega O. 《Tropical animal health and production》2005,37(1):123-142
The limited availability of food, together with the constraints that traditional management systems impose on the natural foraging behaviour of donkeys, often results in severe under-nutrition. Few studies have been conducted into the digestibility of different forages and little information exists on nutritional requirements of donkeys. In order to measure digestible energy requirements of donkeys under tropical conditions, an experiment was carried out at the Centre for Research in Agricultural Science (CICA) and the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México located in the Toluca valley, Central México. Thirty-two donkeys of a body condition typical for Central México were divided into four groups of 8 animals each according to their sex and live weight: group 1 (Gl) comprised male donkeys below the average body weight (102 ± 5 kg); group 2 (G2) comprised male donkeys of average body weight (121.5 ± 4 kg); group 3 (G3) comprised female donkeys below average weight (111.8 ± 5 kg); and group 4 (G4) comprised female donkeys of average weight (127.6 ± 5 kg). A diet of oat straw or maize stover and 15% alfalfa hay was offered to meet exact maintenance requirements. The donkeys were monitored for 13 months. The live weight of all animals was recorded daily in order to monitor whether maintenance requirements were being met. Mean daily digestible energy (DE) requirements were measured during the winter, spring, summer and autumn of 2003–2004. Digestible energy requirements of all four sex and liveweight groups were significantly (p > 0.05) higher during the spring than during the other seasons of the year (13.5, 18.0, 10.4 and 14.3 MJ DE per day during winter, spring, summer and autumn, respectively). Predicted DE requirements of donkeys with a live weight range betweenn 90 and 150 kg using the data from the present study were less than those predicted using scaled-down horse feeding standards. 相似文献
2.
de Aluja AS Tapia Pérez G López F Pearson RA 《Tropical animal health and production》2005,37(Z1):159-171
Body measurements (length from nape of neck to the withers; height to withers; length from withers to tail root; length from shoulder to tuber ischii; thoracic circumference; umbilical circumference) were taken and correlated with live weight from 160 donkeys (mean +/- standard deviation = 6 +/- 2.6 years old) in Central Mexico. The age was assessed from dentition. Sex of the donkeys was also recorded. Sex was an important factor of variation (p = 0.011). Live weight was estimated using two allometric models. Model 1: Live weight = beta x (thoracic circumference)beta1. Model 2: Live weight = betao x (height to the withers) beta1 x (thoracic circumference) beta2. Separate prediction equations were produced for males and females, plus one for the total sampled. The 'best fit' models, were those using thoracic circumference to predict the live weight. Males: live weight = 0.018576 x (thoracic circumference)1.84107 (R2 = 0.9839). Females: live weight = 0.031255 x (thoracic circumference)1.72888 (R2 = 0.9839). The equations derived to estimate the live weight of donkeys in Britain, Morocco and Zimbabwe were less satisfactory for use with donkeys from Central Mexico because they overestimated the live weight. 相似文献
3.
4.
陕北白绒山羊羯羊能量和蛋白质需要量 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验旨在研究陕北白绒山羊羯羊能量和蛋白质的需要量,为制定其饲养标准提供数据。选取36只体重相近、健康状况良好的陕北白绒山羊周岁羯羊,按3×3(能量×蛋白质)完全随机设计分为9组,每组4个重复,每个重复1只。各组饲粮消化能和粗蛋白质水平分别参照NRC(1981)推荐量的100%、110%、120%和90%、110%、130%设定。预试期7 d,正试期46 d。结果表明:1)饲粮能量水平对周岁羯羊的干物质采食量和平均日增重都有极显著影响(P0.01),蛋白质水平对干物质采食量影响显著(P0.05);饲粮能量和蛋白质水平对干物质采食量有显著的互作效应(P0.05)。2)低能量水平组的可消化氮显著低于中能量水平组与高能量水平组(P0.05);低蛋白质水平组的进食氮、可消化氮、沉积氮、氮表观消化率均极显著低于中蛋白质水平组和高蛋白质水平组(P0.01)。3)总能消化率和总能代谢率均随着能量水平的提高而极显著地升高(P0.01);高蛋白质水平组的总能代谢率和消化能代谢率显著低于低蛋白质水平组(P0.05);能量和蛋白质水平对总能消化率、总能代谢率和消化能代谢率均产生显著或极显著的互作效应(P0.05或P0.01)。本试验得到了陕北白绒山羊周岁羯羊能量和蛋白质需要量的回归方程,饲粮的消化能和代谢能分别以8.80~10.61 MJ/kg和7.34~8.76 M J/kg较为适宜,粗蛋白质和可消化粗蛋白质分别以10.00%和7.34%为宜。 相似文献
5.
本试验旨在研究20~50 kg川藏黑猪的能量代谢与沉积规律。试验一:选择体重接近[(20.17±3.46)kg]的川藏黑猪配套系商品猪64头,预试7 d后屠宰4头猪测定胴体成分;其余试验猪按公母随机分成5个组,每个组4个重复,每个重复3头,各重复单圈饲养,自由采食消化能(DE)水平分别为13.79、13.37、12.96、12.54和12.12 MJ/kg的饲粮。试验猪体重达50 kg时,结束试验一,测定平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比,并在各组选择1头猪屠宰测定胴体成分。试验二:选择试验一中15头体重接近[(48.34±4.07)kg]的公猪,随机分成5个组,每个组3个重复,每个重复1头,单独饲养于代谢笼,分别采食上述5种DE水平的饲粮,进行消化代谢试验。预试期3 d,正试期4 d。采用析因法建立能量需要量预测模型。结果表明:饲粮DE水平影响了20~50 kg川藏黑猪的平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比;饲粮DE转化为代谢能(ME)效率(ME/DE)为97.26%~98.10%,ME用于沉积产品能的效率(DED/ME)平均值为41.71%;此阶段川藏黑猪维持需要ME平均值为0.49 MJ/W~(0.75)或0.85 MJ/W~(0.60)(按DE计为0.50 MJ/W~(0.75)或0.87 MJ/W~(0.60)),增重需要DE和ME平均值分别为18.91和18.47 MJ/kg。由此得出,20~50 kg阶段川藏黑猪能量需要模型为:DE(MJ/d)=0.504 W~(0.75)+18.91ΔW或DE(MJ/d)=0.867 W~(0.60)+18.91ΔW;ME(MJ/d)=0.492 W~(0.75)+18.47ΔW或ME(MJ/d)= 相似文献
6.
35～60kg生长猪可消化氨基酸需要量研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选用大白×长白杂种猪 6 0头 ,试验采用单因子试验设计 ,随机分为 5个处理 ,每个处理 4个重复 (圈 ) ,每个重复3头猪。 5个处理饲粮DLys水平分别为 0 .33%、0 .46 %、0 .5 8%、0 .71%和 0 .83% ,相应的CP分别为 8.6 1%、11.33%、14.0 6 %、16 .6 7%、19.2 9%。饲粮等能 (13.6 4MJDE/kg) ,等氨基酸模式 ,其氨基酸模式DLys:D -SAA :DThr:DTrp为 10 0 6 0 6 1 18。试猪始重 35 .2± 3.5 8kg ,末重 5 9.5 7± 6 .37kg。试验除考察生产性能外 ,还同时测定了氨基酸的回肠表观消化率。结果表明 :生长猪的ADG(Y1)、饲料转化率 (Y2 )均随饲粮DLys水平 (X)的增加呈显著的二次曲线变化。当DLys水平分别为 0 .6 4%和 0 .6 6 %时 ,ADG和饲料转化率分别达到极大值 (76 2 .32g)、极高值 (2 .85 )。由此可推算 ,35～6 0kg生长猪达最佳生产性能的DLys、D -SAA、DThr、DTrp和CP需要量分别为 0 .6 5 %、0 .39%、0 .40 %、0 .12 %、15 .43% ,饲粮DLys/DE之比为 0 .48g/MJ。 相似文献
7.
本试验旨在研究饲粮能量水平对育成期崂山奶山羊能量利用率的影响。选择体重为(18.43±0.76)kg的崂山奶山羊育成母羊30只,采用单因素随机分组设计分成3组,每组10个重复,每重复1只羊。分别饲喂粗蛋白质、钙及磷水平基本一致,消化能水平分别为10.40、11.47及12.51 MJ/kg的3种全混合日粮。预试期10 d,正试期90 d。结果表明:1)试验后期3组试羊随着饲粮能量水平的提高,总能消化率依次提高,12.51 MJ/kg组试羊的总能消化率、总能代谢率及消化能代谢率显著高于10.40 MJ/kg组(P0.05);3组试羊的总能、粪能及尿能间呈显著差异(P0.05),10.40 MJ/kg组11.47 MJ/kg组12.51 MJ/kg组;10.40 MJ/kg组试羊的甲烷能显著低于11.47及12.51 MJ/kg组(P0.05)。2)10.40 MJ/kg组试羊末重及平均日增重显著低于11.47及12.51 MJ/kg组(P0.05),但11.47 MJ/kg组与12.51 MJ/kg组间无显著差异(P0.05)。3)育成期崂山奶山羊消化能和代谢能需要量与代谢体重和平均日增重关系的回归公式:DE=0.675W~(0.75)+0.110ADG(P=0.006,R~2=0.982);ME=0.526W~(0.75)+0.076ADG(P=0.027,R~2=0.873)[式中DE为消化能(M J/d),ME为代谢能(M J/d),W~(0.75)为代谢体重(kg),ADG为平均日增重(g)]。综合得出,育成期崂山奶山羊母羊饲粮中消化能以11.47~12.51 MJ/kg(干物质基础)较为适宜。 相似文献
8.
研究结合生产实践,采用大群生产试验方法,对标准化饲养的8 540栋鸭舍,健康同源樱桃谷商品鸭苗3 094.4万只,按统一饲养方式和管理程序进行生产试验,结果表明,樱桃谷肉鸭地面平养饲养模式下,春、夏、秋、冬四个季节的代谢能维持需要为每千克代谢体重455.1、305.5、342.8、541.7 kJ,每增重1 kg需要代谢能为16.97、19.86、19.65、15.95 MJ。各季节之间代谢能维持需要量为冬季>春季>秋季>夏季;代谢能增重需要量为夏季>秋季>春季>冬季。按照月份统计,樱桃谷肉鸭代谢能维持需要8月份最低,5月份最高;增重需要8月份最高,5月份最低。研究结果表明,樱桃谷肉鸭地面饲养模式下,夏季代谢能维持需要最低,冬季最高;冬季代谢能增重需要最低,夏季最高。不同季节代谢能需要量可以用以下析因模型预测:春季:MER=16.97BGW+0.455W0.75;夏季:MER=19.86BGW+0.305W0.75;秋季:MER=19.65BGW+0.343W0.75;冬季:MER=15.95BGW+0.542W0.75。式中:MER为肉鸭代谢能需要量(MJ/d);BGW为活体增重(kg);W0.75为代谢体重(kg)。 相似文献
9.
后备荣昌母猪适宜消化能和赖氨酸需要量研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
旨在探讨研究35～55 kg后备荣昌母猪适宜日粮消化能(DE)与表观可消化赖氨酸(ADLys)水平。选用(34.45±4.53)kg后备荣昌母猪216头,随机分为12个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复3头。采用3×4因子设计,日粮DE分别为11.72、12.34和12.97 MJ/kg,ADLys分别为0.43%、0.53%、0.63%和0.73%。结果表明:随着日粮DE水平的提高,试验猪日增重显著提高(P0.05),饲料增重比显著降低(P0.05),P2背膘厚显著增加(P0.01),母猪发情率呈现上升趋势(P0.1)。日粮Lys水平提高使血清尿素氮含量呈现上升趋势(P0.1)。在本试验条件下,35～55 kg后备荣昌母猪适宜日粮DE和ADLys水平分别为12.97MJ/kg和0.43%。 相似文献
10.
The purpose of this research was to establish the influence of 3 j Cx cellulase applied per gram of COT concentrate mixture, fed in combination with a milk diet acidified by formic acid to the value of pH 4.6, on calf growth performance in one metabolism and two field experiments. In the metabolism experiment two groups of calves, with six animals in each, were fed acidified whole milk, which was diluted stage by stage till weaning at 60 days of age. The average live weight gain in the control at the end of the milk feeding period, i.e. from 14 to 60 days of age, was 29.90 kg. This corresponds to a daily live weight gain of 0.650 g. The total live weight gain of male calves in the experimental group was 29.30 kg, corresponding to a daily live weight gain of 0.638 g (Tab. I). Tab. II shows the average feed and nutrient intakes per kg live weight gain. The calves which received the enzyme supplement tend to have the higher feed conversion rate. During the forage feeding period, i.e. from 61 to 90 days of age, the average daily live weight gains were 1.10 kg and 0.980 kg in the control and experimental groups, respectively (Tab. III). The average live weight of 90 days old male calves was 107.70 kg and 103.90 kg in the control and experimental groups, respectively. The amount of consumed nutrients (digestible protein and starch units); in relation to the total feed intakes, is lower in the experimental groups, which proves the higher feed conversion rate (P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
11.
Dietary energy levels for growing-finishing pigs fed ad libitum. 1. Growth performance 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The NRC (1988) recommendations on nutrient standards for growing-finishing pigs assume a corn-based feeding regimen. However, the diets used in Western Canada are generally barley-based and consequently are usually lower in digestible energy (DE) and result in lower performance. Two experiments were therefore conducted, to evaluate the effect of DE level in relation to growth and feed conversion of pigs, by inclusion of corn and wheat in pelleted diets offered ad libitum. A total of 432 pigs was used, over the 20-98 kg live weight range. The inclusion of wheat or corn to barley-based diets during the grower period to raise the DE level resulted in more rapid and efficient growth. The faster growth obtained with the high-energy grains occurred during the grower period only, and was not observed in the finisher period. Results of including 5% of acidulated fatty acids (AFA) to raise the DE level were unfavourable. 相似文献
12.
The energetic utilization of rations with raw and steamed sugar beets, dried sugar beet pulp (16 measured values each), sucrose and apple pectin (8 measured values each) as supplement feed to a basic ration was measured at 4 growing pigs each in the live weight range of between 40 and 130 kg. The utilization of the energy in the rations amounted to 69.1 +/- 5.5, 68.3 +/- 7.1, 60.9 +/- 5.8, 70.5 +/- 4.1 and 69.9 +/- 6.9% (same sequence as above). The utilization values for the supplemented feedstuffs were 69.2 +/- 7.4, 68.0 +/- 10.0, 55.9 +/- 9.7, 72.2 +/- 7.6 and 71.7 +/- 17.3%. The average retention value of the digestible pectin was derived from the test results with dried sugar beet pulp and apple pectin as 5.8 kJ/g. An influence of the ontogenetic development on energy utilization cannot be derived from the comparison of the retention effect of digestible nutrients measured at growing pigs and that derived from adult pigs. 相似文献
13.
Egil Simensen Sigrun Hauge 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(3):120-126
A study of ewe performance was undertaken in 795 sheep flocks based on data from the Norwegian Sheep Recording System. Herd level data included in the annual report for 1998 were used as the basis for the study. Average flock size was 75.3 ewes. The material was considered as representative of the better and more motivated sheep farmers in the mountain valley regions in south-eastern Norway. The average number of lambs born per ewe, inclusive (and exclusive) of barren ewes, was 1.89 (2.02), and of autumn lambs (those surviving from birth in the spring to autumn) 1.60 (1.66). The average autumn weight of the lambs corrected to 145 days of age was 42.4 kg, giving an overall performance of 67.9 kg lambs live weight per ewe. When including artificially reared lambs, overall performance was 70.4 kg per ewe. Artificial rearing of lambs, mostly triplets which had been removed from the ewe, was practised on 395 of the farms. In the 74 flocks with a rate of artificial rearing of more than 10% of all lambs, overall performance per ewe was 13.3 kg higher than in flocks with no artificial rearing. Total lamb mortality from birth to autumn recording, including stillborn lambs, was 12.44%. Mortality had a skewed distribution, some flocks having very high mortality figures. The arithmetic means (and medians) for mortality were as follows: 2.75 (2.29)% stillbirths, 2.93 (2.30)% died during the indoor feeding period, 0.88 (0.00)% at spring pasture, and 6.16 (4.40)% at summer pasture. In regression models using Proc Genmod in SAS®, it was found that average number of autumn lambs per ewe was negatively associated with the rate of barren ewes, late lambing date (flock average day in year when lambing took place), and total lamb mortality. The corrected autumn weight of the lambs was positively associated with the average number of lambs born per ewe and non-fertility rate, and negatively associated with flock size and total lamb mortality. The Dala breed had a positive effect on number of autumn lambs per ewe, and Spæl breed a negative effect on corrected autumn live weight of the lambs. 相似文献
14.
U Bünger P Kaphengst W Kleiner P Schmoldt U Fiebig T Motsch J Pongé 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》1984,34(9):641-649
195 rearing calves, which immediately after their gathering from various dairy farms had an anaemia frequency of 57.4% and an average age of 22 d and an average live weight of 43 kg, were at random divided into 3 groups and received in addition to the iron in the rations oral (B), intramuscular (C) or no (A) ferridextrane applications during their 56-day stay in the fluid feed range of a rearing farm. The average live weight gain of the calves during these 56 days in groups A, B, and C was 882 +/- 171, 949 +/- 145 and 912 +/- 170 g/d resp. and during the 57-day stay in the weaning range 664 +/- 205, 715 +/- 222 and 670 +/- 226 g/d resp. The significant advantage in the development reached by the calves in group B over those in group A during their stay in the fluid feed range did not get lost after the change to the weaning range. Based on the cost of medicine and on the development of the live weight of the calves in the 3 test groups in the fluid feed and weaning ranges the economic effect of ferridextrane applications was calculated. Under the rearing conditions given, iron intervention proved to be sensible for both health and economic reasons. 相似文献
15.
Dietary energy levels for growing-finishing pigs fed ad libitum. 2. Carcass effects and economic model of the responses 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The NRC (1988) recommendations on nutrient standards for growing-finishing pigs assume a corn-based feeding regime. However, the diets used in Western Canada are generally barley-based and consequently are usually lower in digestible energy (DE) and result in reduced growth rate and feed efficiency. Corn and wheat can be included in the diet to raise the DE level, but since this could affect the carcass quality of pigs fed ad libitum, the influence of DE level in relation to carcass quality was measured in two experiments. An economic assessment of the data was also conducted. A total of 432 pigs was used, over the 20-98 kg live weight range. The inclusion of wheat or corn to barley-based diets during the finisher period resulted in reduced carcass quality, and there was also some evidence that increased dietary energy during the grower stage had the same effect. 相似文献
16.
Equine energetics. I. Relationship between body weight and energy requirements in horses 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Energy balance studies using indirect calorimetry were conducted with four mature equids ranging in weight from 125 to 856 kg. Each animal was fed three different levels of intake of the same diet. The amounts of digestible and metabolizable energy required for zero energy balance were determined by calculating regression equations for energy balance against energy intake. It was concluded that the maintenance requirements of equids vary linearly with body weight. No advantage was found for the use of weight for the comparison of equids within the range studied. The digestible energy (DE) requirement for equids confined to metabolism stalls was DE (kcal/d) = 975 + 21.28 X W where W equals body weight in kg. If a factor for activity similar to that suggested by the National Research Council was included, the requirement could be calculated by the equation: DE (kcal/d) = 1,375 + 30.0 X W. 相似文献
17.
Stahl M Osmann C Ortmann S Kreuzer M Hatt JM Clauss M 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2012,96(5):818-824
Giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) are among those mammals for which a particularly low metabolism has been reported. In order to verify presumably low requirements for energy, we used eight anteaters (two males, six females; aged 1-14 years; body mass between 46 and 64 kg) in a total of 64 individual trials, in which a variety of intake levels was achieved on various diets. Digestible energy (DE) intake was quantified by measuring food intake and faecal excretion and analysing representative samples for gross energy, and animals were weighed regularly. Maintenance DE requirements were calculated by regression analysis for the DE intake that corresponded to zero weight change. Differences between individuals were significant. Older anteaters (n = 3 animals aged 12-15 years in 29 trials) had lower relative requirements than younger ones (n = 5 animals aged 1-7 years in 35 trials); thus, giant anteaters resemble other mammals in which similar age-specific differences in energy requirements are known. However, estimated maintenance requirements were 347 kJ DE/kg(0.75)/day in the anteaters, which is low compared to the 460-580 kJ DE/kg(0.75)/day maintenance requirements of domestic dogs. The lack of knowledge that metabolic requirements are below the mammalian average could make species particularly susceptible to overfeeding, if amounts considered adequate for average mammals were provided. Non-scientific reports on comparatively fast growth rates and high body masses in captive giant anteaters as compared to free-ranging animals suggest that body mass development and feeding regimes in captivity should be further assessed. 相似文献
18.
本试验应用套算法分析肉羊常用蛋白质饲料原料中的营养成分含量和可消化营养成分对有效能值的影响,基于饲料原料中的营养成分含量和可消化营养成分建立蛋白质饲料原料代谢能(ME)的预测模型。选取36只22月龄、体重为(52.6±1.4)kg的杜泊×小尾寒羊F1代杂交去势肉羊,采用完全随机区组设计分为6个处理,包括1个基础饲粮处理和5个试验饲粮处理,每个处理6只羊。利用消化代谢试验和呼吸代谢试验并结合套算法计算5种蛋白质饲料原料的消化能(DE)和ME,并分析蛋白质饲料原料DE、ME与该原料中营养成分[干物质(DM)、有机物(OM)、总能(GE)、粗蛋白质(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)]和可消化营养成分[可消化干物质(DDM)、可消化有机物(DOM)、可消化粗蛋白质(DCP)、可消化粗脂肪(DEE)、可消化中性洗涤纤维(DNDF)、可消化酸性洗涤纤维(DADF)]含量之间的相关关系。结果表明:饲料原料中的OM、DDM、DOM、DCP含量与DE和ME均存在极显著正相关(P0.01);另外,DADF与DE存在极显著负相关(P0.01),与ME存在显著负相关(P0.05)。通过饲料原料中的营养成分含量预测ME的方程为:ME(MJ/kg)=-82.855+2.391OM(%)+1.802EE(%)-6.21GE(MJ/kg)-0.121ADF(%)(R2=0.910,n=30,P0.01);通过饲料原料中的可消化营养成分含量预测ME的方程为:ME(MJ/kg)=-5.564+30.526DOM(%)+55.402DEE(%)(R2=0.841,n=30,P0.01);通过饲料原料中的可消化营养成分含量与DE共同预测ME的方程为:ME=-5.787+1.126DE(MJ/kg)+20.769DEE(%)(R2=0.879,n=30,P0.01)。综上所述,在本试验中,蛋白质饲料原料中的部分营养成分和可消化营养成分含量与ME之间存在显著相关,可通过饲料原料中的营养成分和可消化营养成分含量对肉羊蛋白质饲料原料的ME进行有效预测。 相似文献
19.
应用套算法估测肉羊精饲料代谢能 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在应用套算法建立肉羊精饲料代谢能估测模型。选取66只18月龄体重为(49.6±1.3)kg的杜泊×小尾寒羊F1代去势肉羊,采用完全随机区组设计分为11组,包括1个基础饲粮组和10个试验饲粮组,每组6只羊。通过消化代谢试验(为期8 d)和气体代谢试验(为期3 d)并结合套算法计算10种精饲料的消化能和代谢能,建立精饲料代谢能和其概略养分或可消化养分之间的模型。结果表明,1)10种精饲料总能、酸性洗涤纤维含量与消化能呈显著相关(P0.05),有机物含量与消化能达到极显著相关(P0.01);精饲料概略养分与代谢能之间则无显著相关性(P0.05)。2)10种精饲料的可消化养分与代谢能存在极显著相关(P0.01),所建立的预测方程为:ME=-1.907+1.344DE+1.321DDM-5.347DOM-2.093DADF(R2=0.845,n=60,P0.01);ME=-2.105+1.349DE-6.577DOM(R2=0.842,n=60,P0.01)。[ME为代谢能(MJ/kg),DE为消化能(MJ/kg),DDM为可消化干物质(%),DOM为可消化有机物(%),DA DF为可消化酸性洗涤纤维(%)。]综上所述,本试验条件下无法利用精饲料概略养分预测其代谢能,通过精饲料的可消化养分可准确预测其代谢能。 相似文献
20.
Coakley M Peck KE Taylor TS Matthews NS Mealey KL 《American journal of veterinary research》1999,60(11):1441-1444
OBJECTIVE: To compare serum disposition of flunixin meglumine after i.v. administration of a bolus to horses, donkeys, and mules. ANIMALS: 3 clinically normal horses, 5 clinically normal donkeys, and 5 clinically normal mules. PROCEDURE: Blood samples were collected at time zero (before) and 5, 10, 15, 30, and 45 minutes, and at 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 2.5, 2.75, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 6, and 8 hours after i.v. administration of a bolus of flunixin meglumine (1.1 mg/kg of body weight). Serum was analyzed in duplicate by the use of high-performance liquid chromatography for determination of flunixin meglumine concentrations. The serum concentration-time curve for each horse, donkey, and mule were analyzed separately to estimate noncompartmental pharmacokinetic variables RESULTS: Mean (+/-SD) area under the curve for donkeys (646 +/- 148 minute x microg/ml) was significantly less than for horses (976 +/- 168 minute x microg/ml) or for mules (860 +/- 343 minute x microg/ml). Mean residence time for donkeys (54.6 +/- 7 minutes) was significantly less than for horses (110 +/- 24 minutes) or for mules (93 +/- 30 minutes). Mean total body clearance for donkeys (1.78 +/- 0.5 ml/kg/h) was significantly different from that for horses (1.14 +/- 0.18 ml/kg/h) but not from that for mules (1.4 +/- 0.5 ml/kg/h). Significant differences were not found between horses and mules for any pharmacokinetic variable. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Significant differences exist with regard to serum disposition of flunixin meglumine in donkeys, compared with that for horses and mules. Consequently, flunixin meglumine dosing regimens used in horses may be inappropriate for use in donkeys. 相似文献