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1.
为了解安徽地区禽源沙门氏菌的流行菌株和耐药情况,本研究通过培养特性、镜检、生化试验、PCR和血清型鉴定等,对疑似发病禽的116份病料进行沙门氏菌分离鉴定,并采用Kindy-Bauer法对分离菌株进行耐药性分析。试验共分离到42株禽源沙门氏菌,其中包含5个大群11种血清型。B群30株、A群2株、D群7株、C1群2株、C2群1株,其中以B群鼠伤寒沙门氏菌为优势菌株。42株分离菌对阿米卡星、左氧氟沙星和环丙沙星的耐药率均低于20%,而对氨苄西林、链霉素、呋喃唑酮、大观霉素、复方新诺明和多西环素的耐药率达50%以上,其中对氨苄西林的耐药率达97.62%,且41株分离菌株存在多重耐药。结果表明,目前安徽地区禽源沙门氏菌优势流行株是鼠伤寒沙门氏菌,流行菌株呈现较严重的耐药性。本研究为指导临床用药及禽源沙门氏菌的综合防制提供数据支撑。  相似文献   

2.
为了解我国禽源沙门氏菌的流行和耐药情况及其血清型、ST型和耐药性之间的关系，对2008—2017年，在我国部分地区分离的90株禽源沙门氏菌，用血清凝集方法鉴定其血清型，用微量肉汤稀释法对部分菌株进行药物敏感性试验；经PCR扩增、测序和比对查询，得到90株菌的ST型，并用BioNumerics 7.6分析MLST分型及其亲缘关系；利用统计学方法，对分离株的血清型、ST型和耐药性进行差异显著性和相关性分析。血清型鉴定结果显示：90株禽源沙门氏菌可分为16种血清型，其中S. Enteritidis为优势血清型。71株菌株的药物敏感性试验结果显示：多重耐药菌株占比90.14%（64/71），对氨苄西林（78.87 %）和磺胺异噁唑（77.46 %）的耐药率较高，仅S. Indiana菌株的ST17型对头孢他啶耐药。其他相关分析结果显示：分离菌株对氨苄西林等7种药物的耐药率显著上升（P＜0.05），而对黏菌素耐药率下降极显著（P＜0.01）；鉴定出14种ST型，其中ST11为优势型；最小生成树显示，仅有一个ST complex，菌株来自7个省市；S. Indiana的耐药率显著高于S. Enteritidis（P＜0.05），且其ST17所耐药物种类多于其他ST型。结果表明：我国禽源沙门氏菌的优势血清型是S. Enteritidis，优势ST型为ST11，其血清型和ST型有一定的相关性，且不同地区分离株之间有一定的亲缘关系；分离株对不同药物的耐药性存在差异，且耐药谱和耐药率与血清型相关，S. Indiana菌株与S. Enteritidis相比更易形成耐药菌株。  相似文献   

3.
为了解上海市农贸市场肉鸽群体中沙门氏菌流行血清型和耐药情况,本试验于2011-2014年间从上海市各区农贸市场采集肉鸽新鲜粪便样本92份,用XLD平板和沙门氏菌属显色培养基分离疑似沙门氏菌,革兰氏染色镜检并进行生化试验,共获得沙门氏菌24株,分离率为26.1%。采用Kauffmann-White法和K-B纸片法对24株沙门氏菌进行血清型鉴定和16种抗生素的药敏试验。血清型鉴定显示,24株沙门氏菌可分为鼠伤寒（66.7%）、阿贡纳（25.0%）和科瓦利斯（8.3%）3种血清型。药敏试验结果显示,有75.0%（18株）的分离株表现出不同程度耐药,其中分离株对四环素和磺胺异唑耐药率最高,均达到62.5%,其次为链霉素（58.3%）、萘啶酸（50.0%）、氨苄西林（20.8%）。多重耐药菌株15株（62.5%）,耐4种抗菌药物的菌株最多,占16.7%（7株）。另外,分离菌株对头孢吡肟、头孢噻肟、头孢噻甲羧肟、亚胺培南、氧氟沙星等5种药物的敏感率为100.0%,对奥格门丁和环丙沙星有12.5%的中介敏感率。本研究结果表明,上海市肉鸽中沙门氏菌的携带率较高,且菌株多重耐药现象较严重,这为食品中沙门氏菌的防控工作带来较大的挑战和风险,肉鸽沙门氏菌的流行和耐药情况应值得密切关注。  相似文献   

4.
为探明仔猪细菌性腹泻肠道致病性大肠埃希氏菌和沙门氏菌流行的血清型、耐药表型及耐药基因型,本试验采集了贵州省5个地（州）市7个规模化养猪场的128份腹泻仔猪肠道样本,并对采集的样本进行了大肠埃希氏菌和沙门氏菌分离与鉴定,通过动物试验鉴定菌株的致病性,利用血清学方法鉴定其血清型,并通过药敏纸片法对主要致病菌进行耐药性研究,采用PCR技术检测各致病菌株耐药相关基因,分析细菌耐药表型和耐药基因型相关性。结果显示,本研究共分离鉴定到78株致病性大肠埃希氏菌与21株沙门氏菌,致病性大肠埃希氏菌血清型以O138、O87为主,沙门氏菌血清型以鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、肠炎沙门氏菌居多;药敏试验结果表明,本试验分离到的78株致病性大肠埃希氏菌对β-内酰胺类药物耐药率达80%以上,对其他种类的抗菌药耐药率均超过40%,分离鉴定的21株沙门氏菌对氨基糖苷类药物耐药率达50%以上,对其他种类的抗菌药耐药率均达20%以上;本试验分离鉴定的致病性大肠埃希氏菌共检出12种耐药相关基因,沙门氏菌共检出10种耐药相关基因,两种细菌耐药基因型与耐药表型符合率均达60%以上,且均为多重耐药。本研究为仔猪腹泻的综合防控提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

5.
为了解上海市活禽交易市场鸡群中沙门氏菌的携带情况,我们于2016年对市区的8个活禽交易场所进行了调查。共采集肛门拭子500份,分离培养沙门氏菌,运用诊断血清、VITEK 2Compact和VITEK MS分别对分离菌株进行血清型、生化和质谱鉴定,使用PCR和药敏板分别对分离菌株的耐药基因和耐药性进行检测。结果显示:从500份肛门拭子中分离鉴定出28株沙门氏菌,分离率为5.6%,以肠炎沙门氏菌、印第安纳沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌为主,说明在市场交易环节应当加强对沙门氏菌的防控;耐药基因检出率较低,仅有喹诺酮类和磺胺类抗生素耐药基因有检出,分别为21.4%和7.1%,I类整合酶基因检出率达到28.6%;从耐药性检测结果看,分离菌株对磺胺类抗生素、头孢噻肟和庆大霉素的耐药率达到50%以上,对环丙沙星、美罗培南、萘啶酸、头孢他啶和氨苄西林的耐药率在40%以下,这些药可用于鸡群沙门氏菌的防控;耐药基因和耐药性之间无明显相关性。  相似文献   

6.
为了解广东省禽场和猪场沙门菌的血清型和耐药性情况,本研究2015年从广东省多个养殖场共采集样品126份,分离出沙门菌24株,分离率为19.04%。采用Kauffmann-White法、Kirby-Bauer法和PCR方法对分离株进行了血清型鉴定、药敏试验和Ⅰ类整合子检测。血清型鉴定结果显示,24株沙门菌共鉴定出4种血清型,分别是鼠伤寒沙门菌(14株)、印第安纳沙门菌(8株)、科瓦利斯沙门菌(1株)和阿尔巴尼沙门菌(1株)。药敏试验结果显示,分离株对四环素(83.33%)、氨苄西林(70.83%)、磺胺异恶唑(70.83%)、萘啶酸(66.67%)、复方新诺明(58.33%)、卡那霉素(54.17%)、阿米卡星(54.17%)、庆大霉素(50.00%)的耐药率较高,有54.17%(13/24)的菌株对8种及8种以上抗菌药物耐药。Ⅰ类整合子检测结果显示,Ⅰ类整合酶阳性率为29.17%(7/24),整合酶阳性菌株中仅有1株扩增到携带耐药基因aadA2的基因盒。上述结果表明,广东省禽场和猪场沙门菌分离率较高,耐药情况严重,菌株的耐药性与其血清型和Ⅰ类整合子的携带有一定的相关性。  相似文献   

7.
为了研究河北省承德地区鸡肉加工及零售环节中沙门氏菌致病性、血清型分布、毒力基因及耐药性等生物学特性,对2021-2022年采集自河北省承德地区鸡屠宰场、加工厂及零售样品257份进行沙门氏菌分离鉴定,采用人工感染小鼠试验、玻板凝集试验、PCR方法及K-B药敏纸片法检测分离菌株的致病性、血清型、毒力基因及耐药性情况。结果显示,从257份样品中分离到70株致病性沙门氏菌,70株沙门氏菌中有12种血清型,其中以肠炎沙门氏菌(24.3%)、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(21.4%)、都柏林沙门氏菌(17.1%)为流行优势血清型;毒力质粒基因spvA、spvB、spvC、spvR检出率在12.9%～88.6%之间,毒力岛基因SPI-1 SPI-2、SPI-3、SPI-5检出率在27.0%～90.0%之间;对阿莫西林、氨苄西林、磺胺间氧嘧啶等7种药物耐药率在51.4%以上,对其他药物的耐药率在5.7%～40%之间,以耐10(15.0%)、9(20.0%)、8(17.1%)种药物为主;耐药基因Sul1、Sul2、Sul3、TetA、TetM、TetR、aac(3)-Ⅰv、aac(6′)-Ⅰb检出率在45.7%～97...  相似文献   

8.
为了解广西地区临床病鸡中沙门氏菌的流行情况以及沙门氏菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药状况,本研究对2014年—2015年送检的121只疑似沙门氏菌感染病鸡进行细菌的分离鉴定以及耐药性研究。结果共分离到49株沙门氏菌,包括4种血清型,其中鸡白痢沙门氏菌(S.pullorum)41株、鸡伤寒沙门氏菌(S.gallinarum)4株、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(S.typhimurium)3株和肯塔基沙门氏菌(S.kentucky)1株。分离株对磺胺异恶唑耐药率最高,达93.9%,其次为复方新诺明、萘啶酸、阿莫西林和氨苄西林,多重耐药菌株占93.7%,分离株最多可耐10种抗生素。结果表明,自广西地区送检的病鸡中分离到的沙门氏菌以鸡白痢沙门氏菌为优势血清型,鸡源沙门氏菌的多重耐药问题比较严重。  相似文献   

9.
对89株禽源沙门氏菌临床分离菌株进行了血清型鉴定,鉴定出肠炎沙门氏菌（S．enteritidis）17株,纽波特沙门氏菌（Snewport）1株,鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（S．typhimurium）6株和鸡白痢沙门氏菌（S．pullorum）65株。结果表明,89株禽源沙门氏菌中有24株（27．0％）为能够引起人的沙门氏菌感染的血清型,具有重要的公共卫生学意义,而且这24株沙门氏菌中多重耐药菌株有12株（50．0％）。用微量稀释法检测了89株禽源沙门氏菌对18种抗菌药物的耐药性。检测结果表明,所有分离菌株均对阿米卡星和头孢曲松敏感;在使用的其他16种抗菌药物中,89株禽源沙门氏菌分离菌株对链霉素耐药率最高,为43．8％,其次为四环素、头孢噻吩、头孢噻呋、氟苯尼考、奥比沙星、萘啶酸和氨苄西林,耐药率分别为30．3％、22．5％、22．5％、20.2％、20.2％、19．1％和19．1％;对氯霉素、环丙沙星、沙拉沙星、恩诺沙星、左氟沙星、庆大霉素、头孢噻肟和卡那霉素呈现轻度的耐药性,耐药率分别为10．1％、9．0％、9．0％、7．9％、7．9％、6．7％、6.7％和2．2％。  相似文献   

10.
为了解动物沙门氏菌的流行情况和药物敏感性及氟苯尼考耐药株的耐药基因分布,本试验对临床上疑似患沙门氏菌病的病料进行病原分离和细菌的多重PCR鉴定;采用K-B法测定分离株对23种抗菌药物的敏感性;选择氟苯尼考耐药菌株扩增floR、fexA、fexB、cfr和pexA基因。结果显示,共鉴定出61株沙门氏菌,其中肠炎沙门氏菌10株,鸡白痢沙门氏菌12株,鼠伤寒沙门氏菌39株。所有菌株对青霉素、红霉素、万古霉素耐药,90.16%对6种及6种以上抗菌药耐药。floR基因广泛存在于鼠伤寒沙门氏菌氟苯尼考耐药菌株中(8/12,66.67%),未发现其他耐药基因。研究结果表明鼠伤寒沙门氏菌是鹅源分离株中的优势血清型;floR基因主要介导沙门氏菌对氟苯尼考耐药性,但可能还存在其他机制。  相似文献   

11.
A total of 39 Salmonella cultures isolated from raw minced beef and chicken (gizzard, liver, and heart) samples in Addis Ababa were examined for susceptibility to a group of 10 selected antimicrobials. 34 isolates (87.2%) were resistant to one or more antibiotics. The antibiotics to which isolated Salmonella strains were most often fully resistant included nitrofurantoin (48.7%), furazolidone (48.7%) and streptomycin (46.2%). Only 4 antimicrobials (gentamycin, kanamycin, rifampicin and sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim) were effective against all Salmonella isolates with the exception of 2 which were intermediate in resistance to kanamycin (1) and sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim (1). 77.8% of the S. Enteritidis strains showed multiple resistance to up to four antibiotics followed by S. Typhimurium (60.0%) and S. Dublin (33.3%). The high level of antibiotic resistance of foodborne Salmonella isolates in the study area is an indication of indiscriminate and continuous use of subtherapeutic doses of antibiotics in animals.  相似文献   

12.
对来自河南郑州、许昌、周口等20个地市101个鸡场的161份疑似沙门菌感染的病料进行病原菌分离鉴定和耐药性试验。通过细菌分离培养、形态染色、生化试验、血清学试验、致病性试验,结果分离鉴定出33株沙门菌,且均具有明显的致病性。药敏试验发现,33株分离株除对头孢曲松较为敏感(51.5%)外,对其他13种药物均呈不同程度耐药性,对复方新诺明的耐药率最高,为81.8%(27/33),其次为喹诺酮类药物,且表现为交叉耐药现象。对环丙沙星产生耐药性的菌株占分离株总数的75.7%(25/33),对诺氟沙星耐药的菌株占69.7%(23/33),对氧氟沙星耐药的菌株占63.6%(21/33)。结果表明:不同地区的分离菌株对各种药物的耐药性不同,同一地区的分离菌株对各种药物的耐药性也存在显著差异。  相似文献   

13.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular types and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolated from pigeon in Shanghai from 2011 to 2014. A total of 92 fecal samples were collected from markets. XLD plate and Salmonella chromogenic medium were used to isolate suspected Salmonella colonies, and then determined the number of Salmonella through gram staining and biochemical tests. Among them, 24(26.1%) were positive for Salmonella. Kauffmann-White method and the K-B method were used respectively for serotype identification and susceptibility testing. In result, serological identification showed that 24 isolates from pigeon could be divided into 3 serotypes including S.typhimurium (66.7%), S.agona (25.0%) and S.corvallis (8.3%). Drug susceptibility test showed that 75.0% of the isolates were resistant to one antibiotic at least. The highest level resistance were found for tetracycline as well as sulfisoxazole (62.5%), followed by streptomycin (58.3%), nalidixic acid (50.0%) and ampicillin (20.8%). Multi-drug resistant strains accounted for 62.5% (15), in which the largest number of strains (7, 16.7%) were resistant to four drugs. In addition, isolates were 100.0% susceptible to cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, imipenem and ofloxacin, but 12.5% were moderately sensitive to the amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ciprofloxacin. The study showed that Salmonella had a high separation rate of pigeon in Shanghai farmers market and performed serious multidrug resistance, which would bring great challenges and risks to the prevention and control of Salmonella in food, so that the prevalence and drug resistance of Salmonella in pigeon deserved close attention.  相似文献   

14.
Fecal samples were collected from 200 feeder-calves on farms in Tennessee, after assembly at a Tennessee auction market, and after transport to a Texas feedyard. A final fecal sample was collected from each calf after 30 days of feedyard confinement. The fecal samples were cultured for the presence of Salmonella spp. Salmonella isolates were serotyped and antimicrobial drug-resistance patterns determined. The number of calves fecal culture-positive for Salmonella spp increased from 0 on the Tennessee farms and auction market to 3/200 (1.5%) at entry into the Texas feedyard, and 16/200 (8%) after 30 days of feedyard confinement. Salmonella serotypes isolated and the number of isolates of each serotype were S reading (8), S cerro (4), S newbrunswick (3), S anatum (2), and S typhimurium (copenhagen; 2). All Salmonella isolates were resistant to 5 or more of 13 antimicrobial drugs tested. Salmonella reading isolates were resistant to 10 or 11 of 13 antimicrobial drugs. The results indicated that the calves could have been infected with Salmonella spp prior to or during the course of the study, and that marketing stress as they moved from farm through feedyard may have induced fecal excretion of salmonellae. In addition, the pattern of antimicrobial drug resistance in the Salmonella isolates was broad.  相似文献   

15.
A total of 22 Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) strains isolated from human and chicken were subjected to DNA fingerprinting by repetitive sequence PCR using ERIC and BOX primers, antibiotic resistance and plasmid patterns. Both ERIC and BOX PCR amplification data revealed a highly genetic homogeneity between isolates from human and chicken except one isolate, which originated from chicken and showed a different DNA band pattern from others. Eleven of 22 S. Enteritidis isolates (50%) were resistant to more than one antibiotics and characterized by 5 resistance patterns. The most common pattern was penicillin resistant (63.6%). Only one isolate from chicken showed a multiple drug resistance patterns to 4 antibiotics. All 22 S. Enteritidis isolates harbored more than two plasmids with eight different plasmid profiles including two to six plasmids with approximate molecular size ranging from 1.9 to 21 kb. A band of 15 kb size was detected in all isolates tested, however, the band sizes smaller than 15 kb were found only in isolates from chicken.  相似文献   

16.
本研究旨在探究广州市2016年5—10月农贸市场猪肉源伦敦沙门菌的流行和耐药情况。从广州市农贸市场采集样品198份,分离得到28株猪肉源伦敦沙门菌,用K-B法测定其对18种抗菌药物的耐药性,用PCR方法鉴定其所携带的耐药基因。结果表明,市场猪肉样品中沙门菌的阳性率为74.2%（147/198）,伦敦沙门菌的分离率为19%（28/147）,其对磺胺异唑、四环素的耐药率分别为78.6%和75.0%;其次为链霉素、复方新诺明、氨苄西林、庆大霉素、氯霉素和氟苯尼考,耐药率依次为71.4%、67.9%、67.9%、67.9%、46.4%和42.8%;对萘啶酸（3.6%）和多黏菌素B （3.6%）耐药水平较低。有71.4%（20/28）的菌株对3种及3种以上抗菌药物耐药。氨基糖苷类耐药基因检出率为100%,aadA2（7.1%）、strA（37.9%）、aadB（100%）;酰胺醇类耐药基因检出率为42.6%,cat1b（39.3%）、floR（39.3%）;磺胺类耐药基因检出率为67.9%,sul1（60.7%）、sul2（60.7%）;四环素类耐药基因的检出率为78.6%,均同时携带tetA和tetB;β内酰胺类耐药基因blaTEM检出率为10.7%;喹诺酮耐药基因qnrA、oqxAB和aac（6’）-lb-cr检出率为3.6%、10.7%和7.1%;黏菌素耐药基因mcr-1检出率为3.6%。伦敦沙门菌在广州农贸市场猪肉中是主要流行血清型之一,其对传统抗菌药物磺胺异唑、四环素、链霉素、复方新诺明、氨苄西林等耐药性严重,携带多种耐药基因,且具有多种多重耐药表型。这提示人们需要对市场沙门菌进行常态化检测与监测,加强对抗生素使用的监管,确保公共卫生和食品安全。  相似文献   

17.
为了解广西南宁市猪源沙门氏菌的污染状况、耐药状况及致病力情况,在南宁市某生猪屠宰场随机直接从131头屠宰猪的肠道采集样品,采用鉴别培养基分离,生化鉴定的方法对样品中的沙门氏菌进行分离鉴定,并采用标准K-B纸片法对分离菌株进行25种抗生素敏感试验,最后对分离株进行小白鼠致病性试验。结果从131份屠宰猪的肠道中共分离到沙门氏菌45株,检出率为34.35%;其中鼠伤寒沙门氏菌14株,甲型副伤寒杆菌2株,肠炎沙门氏菌3株。45株分离菌株全部耐药,耐药率高达100%,其中44株为多重耐药菌株,占97.78%。45株沙门氏菌中有40株对小白鼠具有致病性,致病率达88.89%。这表明南宁市的屠宰猪存在一定程度的沙门氏菌污染,并且分离菌株存在较严重的耐药现象以及具有较强的致病性。应采取有效措施控制沙门氏菌在猪群中的污染和限制抗生素在养猪过程中的使用并严格遵守休药期,以减少细菌耐药性的产生,保障猪肉及猪肉制品的食品安全。  相似文献   

18.
Fourteen and 22 each of Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) were isolated from animals from 1983 to 1999 in Korea and tested for their antibiotic resistance patterns, phage types and resistance gene patterns. S. Typhimurium isolates were highly resistant to streptomycin, sulfisoxazole and tetracycline, 95, 95 and 86%, respectively. The incidence of multiple antibiotic resistance (resistant to more than two drugs tested) of S. Typhimurium isolates was extremely high (100%) comparing to S. Enteritidis isolates (21%). Two of the five ACSSuT (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole and tetracycline) resistant type S. Typhimurium isolates were phage type definitive type 104 (DT104).For the detection of resistance related genes in S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium isolates, particularly ACSSuT type S. Typhimurium, antibiotic resistance genes, cmlA/tetR, bla(PSE-1) and bla(TEM), and genus Salmonella specific gene, sipB/C, were amplified using four pairs of primers in a hot-start multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Two Korean isolates of S. Typhimurium DT104 showed bla(TEM) amplicons instead of bla(PSE-1) for the ampicillin resistance and they were susceptible to florfenicol. The multiplex PCR used in this study was useful in characterization of multiple drug resistant Salmonella isolates, especially ACSSuT type S. Typhimurium, and identification of beta-lactamase gene distribution among Salmonella isolates.  相似文献   

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