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猪链球菌（Streptococcus suis）可感染人和动物,引起脑膜炎、败血症、关节炎等,甚至死亡。随着分子生物学、微生物学和流行病学的发展,对猪链球菌（病）的流行病学有了一些新的认识。本文围绕猪链球菌的特性、流行特点以及我国和其他国家的猪链球菌病流行情况等4方面,系统介绍了该病当前的流行范围、程度、趋势和规律等,为本病的防控提供可参考的流行病学依据。 相似文献
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2型猪链球菌病的研究概述 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
猪链球菌能引起猪脑膜炎、心内膜炎、关节炎、肺炎和败血症等,并可以感染人,是一种重要的人畜共患病病原。该菌有35个血清型,其中2型流行最广且致病性最强。文章就2型猪链球菌病的病原、流行病学、致病机理及检测技术、免疫预防等方面情况作一综述。 相似文献
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为了探讨猪链球菌病的防治措施,本文从猪链球菌的病原、流行病学、临床症状、病理变化、诊断方法和防治措施方面一一进行了阐述.目的是提高对猪链球菌病的认识,并做好该病的预防工作. 相似文献
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猪链球菌病是一种由链球菌属的细菌引起的传染病,其症状包括败血症、脑膜炎、关节炎等。猪链球菌可通过血液、粪便和尿液等途径传播,对猪场的生产和经济造成了严重影响。只有通过科学的预防和控制措施,才能有效地减少猪链球菌病的发生和传播,保障猪场的生产和经济效益。本文旨在对猪链球菌病的病原学、流行病学、临床症状、病理变化等方面进行综述,以期为猪链球菌病防治提供参考。 相似文献
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为探究在高寒地区干旱气候条件下不同植物以及同种植物不同部位中植硅体的形态特征,丰富植物植硅体形态研究成果,以期为该区域古植被重建和植物分类提供参考,本研究采用湿式灰化法提取了共和盆地塔拉滩地区常见荒漠植物中的植硅体,并且对提取出的植硅体类型进行了鉴定和形态参数的测量。结果表明：10种植物中共统计到植硅体81298粒,鉴定出主要植硅体类型20种,包括帽型、棒型、齿型、尖型、哑铃型和不规则块状等;植物地上部位与地下部位中6种主要植硅体类型的参数大小分别为0.9～40.1和1.1～42.6 μm。不同科属的荒漠植物均拥有独有的典型植硅体类型,且不同部位中主要植硅体类型存在差异。同一形态植硅体的百分含量和参数大小在不同植物及同种植物不同部位中也存在一定差别。总体上,植物样品地上部位中植硅体的类型和数量均多于地下部位,其中禾本科植物中植硅体类型和数量最为丰富。 相似文献
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Magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) are the main divalent cations in the body. The free ionized fraction is the physiologically active form of both Mg and Ca. As ion-selective-electrode (ISE) analyzers are becoming widely used in veterinary practice it will be useful to establish reference intervals for horses. In the present study, reference intervals were established for ionized, total and the ratio of the ionized to total Mg and Ca concentrations in four horse groups: adults, neonatal foals, and pregnant and lactating mares, as well as in three sample types, whole blood, plasma and serum, using an ISE-analyzer. Sample pH effect was assessed.Concentration differences in both total and ionized cations were recorded for some measures between horse groups and different sample types. The most significant differences were recorded between neonatal foals and other groups. These results demonstrate the need to use specific reference intervals for horses of different physiologic status and in specific sample types. 相似文献
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Liebana E Clouting C Garcia-Migura L Clifton-Hadley FA Lindsay E Threlfall EJ Davies RH 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,100(3-4):189-195
Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is a common cause of salmonellosis in people in the UK. This study aimed to assess the degree of genetic diversity among animal and human isolates from UK, Wales and northern Ireland. A total of 250 isolates from humans (n=59) and animals or their environment (n=191), belonging to the most common phage-types, were fingerprinted by a combination of PFGE, PS ribotyping and plasmid profiling. The different techniques identified different degrees of polymorphism (PS ribotyping (52 types)>PFGE (22 types)>plasmid profiling (17 types)). A prevalent genomic clone, as well as a variety of less frequent clones are present for each of the phage-types. In most cases, the prevalent clones appeared within isolates from several animal species and from several geographical locations. The percentage of sporadic clones found in animal and human populations were very similar. There was not clear evidence of a higher degree of diversity for human or animal isolates. Some clones were found to be present in both human and animal. 相似文献
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The gastrointestinal epithelium is in close contact with the various components of the chymus, including nutrients, bacteria and toxins. The epithelial barrier has to decide which components are effectively absorbed and which components are extruded. In the small intestine, a nutrient like glucose is mainly absorbed by the sodium linked glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) and the glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2). The expression and activity of both transport proteins is directly linked to the amount of intraluminal glucose. Besides the direct interaction between glucose and the enterocytes, glucose also stimulates different sensory mechanisms within the intestinal wall. The most important types of cells involved in the sensing of intraluminal contents are enteroendocrine cells and neurones of the enteric nervous system. Regarding glucosensing, a distinct type of enteroendocrine cells, the enterochromaffine (EC) cells are involved. Excitation of EC cells by intraluminal glucose results in the release of serotonin (5‐HT), which modulates epithelial functions and activates enteric secretomotorneurones. Enteric neurones are not only activated by 5‐HT, but also directly by glucose. The activation of different cell types and the subsequent crosstalk between these cells may trigger appropriate absorptive and secretory processes within the intestine. 相似文献
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Shibata I Okuda Y Yazawa S Ono M Sasaki T Itagaki M Nakajima N Okabe Y Hidejima I 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(3):405-408
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) shedding patterns were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of PCV2 DNA, and the diagnostic suitability of a sample for the PCR was examined by using different types of samples. In the experimental infection, sixteen pigs were inoculated intranasally with PCV2. The samples, including oropharyngeal and nasal swabs, feces, whole blood and serum became positive for PCV2 DNA by PCR immediately after the inoculation, and almost all samples remained positive during the observation period, post-inoculation-day 70. Field samples were collected from 313 pigs in five different age groups. The overall percentages of positive samples in the whole blood, nasal swabs, and feces detected by PCR were 30.4%, 19.2%, and 20.4%, respectively. The frequency of positive samples increased after the nursery stages and reached a peak in the 3 to 4-month-old pigs. These results indicate that PCV2 infection may occur after weaning, that PCV2 DNA may be present in whole blood for a long period after infection, and that whole blood and serum are the most suitable sample types for the PCR analysis of PCV2. 相似文献
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Levecke B Meulemans L Dalemans T Casaert S Claerebout E Geurden T 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,183(1-2):166-170
Fourteen isolates of Toxoplasma gondii were isolated from cats from 4 different geographic provinces (Anhui, Hubei, Shanxi and Guangdong) in China and their genetic diversity with 8 nuclear loci SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, L358, PK1, c22-8, c29-2, and an apicoplast locus Apico, was analysed by restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). Two genotypes from these 14 isolates were identified but none of them belongs to the typical genetic types (types I, II and III). It is unexpected that such high similarity was observed in these 14 isolates although their original regions are significantly distant. Our results strongly indicate that the three traditional clonal lineages of types I, II and III of this parasite may not be preponderant in China. In addition, our results show that the genotypes of T. gondii in China may be highly clonal with atypical genotypes and higher virulence. 相似文献
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Tingstedt JE Tornehave D Lind P Nielsen J 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2003,94(3-4):123-132
Identification of the different cell types of the immune system is important for in situ studies on the pathogenesis of infectious diseases in various animals, including the pig. Unfortunately, many monoclonal anti-leukocyte antibodies are only useful for staining frozen tissue sections with inherent poor tissue morphology, and are not readily adapted to formaldehyde fixed and paraffin embedded tissue with well preserved morphology. Seven well characterised monoclonal antibodies against porcine leukocyte antigens were tested on neutral buffered paraformaldehyde fixed and paraffin embedded porcine tissue sections using the highly sensitive tyramide signal amplification system. Combining this method with different antigen retrieval techniques enabled us to detect CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8 and SWC3 antigen expressing cells in porcine lymphoid tissue. Thus, we describe herein methods for the detection of several major cell types of the porcine immune system in fixed tissue with optimal preservation of histological details. 相似文献
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This paper discusses statistical modelling for data with a hierarchical structure, and distinguishes in this context between three different meanings of the term hierarchical model: to account for clustering, to investigate variability and separate predictive equations at different hierarchical levels (multi-level analysis), and in a Bayesian framework to involve multiple layers of data or prior information. Within each of these areas, the paper reviews both past developments and the present state, and offers indications of future directions. In a worked example, previously reported data on piglet lameness are reanalyzed with multi-level methodology for survival analysis, leading to new insights into the data structure and predictor effects. In our view, hierarchical models of all three types discussed have much to offer for data analysis in veterinary epidemiology and other disciplines. 相似文献
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The goal of this paper is to highlight the use and interpretation of statistical techniques that account for correlation in epidemiological data. A conceptual statistical background is provided, and the main types of regression models for correlated data are highlighted. These models include marginal models, random effect models and transitional regression models. For each model type an example with data from the veterinary literature is provided. The examples are specifically used to highlight estimation procedures for parameters, and the interpretation of the estimated parameters. This paper emphasizes that statistical techniques and software to fit them are more widely available now, but that parameters have different interpretations in different model types. Consequently, we stress the importance of focusing on choosing the most appropriate model for the specific purpose of the analysis. 相似文献
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牛奶中存在不同种类的蛋白质,且不同基因型遗传变异体牛奶蛋白质的构型和功效存在差异。酪蛋白分型鉴定方法有基因鉴定、毛细管电泳分离鉴定、高效液相色谱分离鉴定等。本文对比介绍了不同构型κ-酪蛋白和β-酪蛋白的分型鉴定方法,重点验证了高效液相色分离谱鉴定方法的精密度、回收率,同时将该方法应用于生乳和乳制品酪蛋白分型检测鉴定,区分不同牧场牛群的遗传变异体类型和比例。通过该方法可指导牧场快速分群饲养奶牛,生产不同酪蛋白类型的生乳,并加工不同类型的高品质乳制品。 相似文献