纤维素分解菌与乳酸菌复合发酵条件的响应曲面优化分析     

张凡凡  苗芳  王旭哲  唐开婷  马春晖 《草业科学》2018,35(3):703-711

为给今后复合发酵添加剂的开发提供新的途径,研究了纤维素分解菌与乳酸菌复合发酵情况下二者数量均达到最优值的发酵剂量。采用响应曲面设计法,设计乳酸菌(LAB)和真菌的数量为响应值,求出响应值均为最大时的自变量值。自变量为同、异型发酵LAB和纤维素分解菌添加比例及添加剂量,其中同型[植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)+戊糖片球菌(Pediococcus acidilactici)]、异型[布氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus buchneri)]发酵LAB的添加量均为1×105、3×105和5×105cfu·g~(-1)(即5、5.48、5.70 lg cfu·g~(-1)),纤维素分解菌的比例为黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)∶绿色木霉菌(Trichoderma viride)∶枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)=1∶1∶2、1∶2∶1和2∶1∶1,纤维素分解菌的添加剂量为0.1%、0.2%和0.3%。LAB和真菌的数量的测定采用传统菌种计数法计数。结果表明:建立的LAB和真菌数量的二次多项式模型显著性分别为P0.01和P=0.03,R2分别为0.95和0.74。其中同、异型发酵LAB的添加量及其交互作用对LAB数量的曲面效应影响显著(P0.05)。真菌的添加量以及同、异型发酵LAB的交互作用对真菌数量的曲面效应影响显著(P0.05)。最终优化结果为同型发酵LAB添加量为5×105cfu·g~(-1)(5.70 lg cfu·g~(-1)),异型发酵LAB添加量为4.7×105cfu·g~(-1)(5.67 lg cfu·g~(-1)),纤维素分解菌比例为2∶1∶1,添加量为0.3%。  相似文献   

添加不同比例的亚油酸和亚麻酸对体外瘤胃发酵和甲烷生成的影响     

张春梅  易贤武  苑志朋  刘建新  朱伟云 《动物营养学报》2008,20(2):223-227

利用人工瘤胃体外产气法研究添加亚油酸与亚麻酸不同比例混合物对瘤胃发酵和甲烷生成的影响。试验共设8个处理,亚油酸与亚麻酸的比例为0∶0、10∶0、8∶2、6∶4、5∶5、4∶6、2∶8和0∶10 ,每个处理设3个重复。亚油酸与亚麻酸混合物的添加水平为发酵底物干物质的5 %,未添加脂肪酸组为对照。结果表明,所有组合均显著降低产气量和甲烷生成量(P<0 .05) ,且随着亚麻酸比例的升高效果增强。亚麻酸比例超过40 %时显著升高发酵液的pH(P<0 .05) ,所有处理对氨态氮和微生物蛋白均未产生影响;总挥发性脂肪酸随着亚麻酸比例的提高而升高,亚麻酸单独添加显著高于亚油酸单独添加(P<0 .05)。随着亚麻酸比例的升高,丙酸比例显著提高。由本研究结果可知,不饱和脂肪酸降低甲烷的生成与不饱和度密切相关。  相似文献   

秸秆液态发酵中纤维素酶活的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙凌  刘玲  刘长江 《现代畜牧兽医》2005,(9):8-10

采用摇床液体发酵试验方法,利用产纤维素酶菌株对秸秆进行混合发酵并进行滤纸酶活性、羧甲基纤维素酶活性测定,从而确定该混合菌株的最优产酶条件。结果表明,最优培养基组成中秸秆和麸皮的混合比例为5∶1,硫酸铵添加量为1．4％,白腐真菌、康宁木霉接种量均为3％,接种时间间隔为48h,pH为7．0,摇床培养温度28℃。  相似文献   

添加游离不饱和脂肪酸或植物油对瘤胃微生物体外发酵及微晶纤维素降解的影响   总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7  

魏宏阳  王加启 《畜牧兽医学报》2004,35(5):491-497

用体外静态培养法研究添加游离不饱和脂肪酸混合物(FFAM)和植物油对瘤胃微生物培养液pH值、总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)和微晶纤维素降解的影响。采用4×4的2因子试验设计,4种植物油为豆油、棉籽油、菜籽油和亚麻油,每种植物油设置0、5、10和15mg4种添加水平,另外再设置1个5mgFFAM处理。结果显示,5mgFFAM处理组的pH值显著高于其它处理组(P<0.01),TVFA浓度和微晶纤维素粉的消失率显著低于其它处理组(P<0.01),TVFA中丙酸的比例显著高于其它各组(P<0.05)。植物油种类和添加水平对瘤胃微生物发酵及微晶纤维素降解有显著影响(P<0.01)。亚麻油添加量达到10mg,豆油添加量达到15mg后瘤胃pH值开始显著上升,TVFA浓度和微晶纤维素粉消失率显著下降(P<0.05)。在15mg添加水平,按照微晶纤维素粉消失率从小到大的顺序排列,4种植物油处理的顺序为:亚麻油、豆油、棉籽油和菜籽油,与不饱和度顺序一致。  相似文献   

混播比例及乳酸菌剂对燕麦-饲用豌豆发酵TMR品质及瘤胃降解特性的影响     

张珈敏  关皓  李海萍  贾志锋  马祥  刘文辉  陈有军  陈仕勇  蒋永梅  甘丽  周青平  杨丽雪 《草业学报》2024,(1):169-181

为探究燕麦和饲用豌豆混播比例及乳酸菌剂对发酵全混合日粮（TMR）品质和瘤胃降解特性的影响，筛选出适宜制作发酵TMR的燕麦饲用豌豆混播比例，本试验将青海甜燕麦和青建一号饲用豌豆进行混播种植，混播比例为（燕麦∶饲用豌豆）0∶10,5∶5,6∶4,7∶3,8∶2,10∶0。在燕麦乳熟期和豌豆结荚期刈割后调制袋装发酵TMR，共设计12个处理，其中6个不接种乳酸菌，按照6个不同混播比例分别为C1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6；另外6个处理在各比例基础上均匀加入混合乳酸菌（植物乳杆菌160∶短乳杆菌248∶戊糖乳杆菌260，比例为1∶1∶1，菌活：106 cfu·mL-1左右），即分别为I1、I2、I3、I4、I5、I6。所有处理按照饲草和农副7∶3的比例加入农副产品（青稞秸秆∶油菜秸秆∶油菜粕=1∶1∶1），实验室温度（20±5）℃下发酵60 d后对其营养成分、发酵品质及瘤胃降解特性进行测定。结果表明，随原料中燕麦比例的增加，中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量呈上升趋势，粗蛋白呈下降趋势，产气量呈下降趋势；添加混合乳酸菌显著降低了干物质损失（P<0.05）、pH和NH3-N/TN(P<0...  相似文献   

红薯渣固态发酵条件优化     

《动物营养学报》2015,(10)

本试验旨在选出最佳单一菌株且确定其混合菌比例和发酵路线,再运用正交试验对混合菌固态发酵红薯渣工艺进行条件优化,以达到提高产物粗蛋白质含量的目的。首先采用4株酵母菌,4株黑曲霉菌,5株枯草芽孢杆菌,1株乳酸菌,在相同发酵条件下固态发酵红薯渣,以产物粗蛋白质含量为主要衡量目标,进行单一菌株的筛选;再利用筛选出的4株最佳单菌进行发酵路线选择;最后对选出的发酵工艺以发酵时间、发酵温度、氮源添加量和菌液接种量4个因素为变量进行L16(44)正交试验,通过测定产物粗蛋白质含量,确定最佳发酵条件。结果表明,产朊假丝酵母、黑曲霉41126、枯草芽孢杆菌Y111、乳酸菌为最佳单一菌株;混合菌比例为(黑曲霉41126∶产朊假丝酵母=2∶1)+(产朊假丝酵母∶枯草芽孢杆菌∶乳酸菌=1∶1∶1)的二次发酵路线产物粗蛋白质含量最高,为15.11%;最佳发酵条件为:发酵时间3 d,发酵温度28℃,氮源添加量1%,菌液接种量3%。此发酵条件下,产物粗蛋白质含量达12.35%,较同等氮源添加量原料发酵前提升了85.99%,且产物能量值和氨基酸含量都有了不同程度的提升,尤其几种必需氨基酸含量明显上升。  相似文献   

外源多糖降解酶对纯底物发酵动力学及消失率影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高巍  刘秀霞  王新峰  徐春生  李海英  祁凤华  向春和 《畜牧与兽医》2007,39(9):22-25

采用活体外产气量法测定外源添加的纤维素酶、木聚糖酶和β-葡聚糖酶对绵羊瘤胃发酵动力学及消失率的影响。以木聚糖和微晶纤维素为底物,选用木聚糖?微晶纤维素和木聚糖与微晶纤维素的等量混合物0.2g,酶添加水平分别为:纤维素酶为0,5000,10000和15000U/mL;木聚糖酶为0,360,3600和36000U/mL;β-葡聚糖酶为0,320,3200,和32000U/mL,每个组设3个重复,来测定3种酶对瘤胃降解微晶纤维素和木聚糖及二者混合物的产气速率、延滞期和最大产气量的影响。试验结果显示,利用体外产气量法测定外源多糖降解酶对以纯微晶纤维素和木聚糖为底物96h的消失率影响不显著(P>0.05),对底物的发酵动力学的影响,不同处理、不同酶及底物之间也不相同,木聚糖酶试验中,2种底物在消失率方面有相互促进作用。  相似文献   

饲料复合微生物发酵菌种比例的筛选研究     

王小明  杨在宾  刘晓明  李兆勇  李祥明 《猪业科学》2017,(9):50-53

本文旨在研究乳酸菌、酵母菌和枯草芽孢杆菌复合发酵对饲料pH、干物质回收率(DMR)和还原糖含量的影响,探讨菌种的适宜添加比例。以乳酸菌、酵母菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的不同添加比例为因素(每个因素3个水平),设计9组发酵模型,35~37℃固态发酵,每12 h检测一次pH,取发酵0 h、24 h、48 h和72 h样品进行还原糖含量和DMR的检测。结果表明:在相同时间内,乳酸菌、酵母菌和枯草芽孢杆菌添加比例为2∶2∶2或2∶2∶3,饲料pH较低,发酵进程较快(P0.05);添加比例为2∶2∶2、2∶2∶3或3∶3∶3,饲料发酵后还原糖的含量显著提高(P0.05);发酵72 h,各处理之间饲料DMR差异不显著(P0.05),饲料干物质损失平均为6.15%。本试验条件下,乳酸菌、酵母菌和枯草芽孢杆菌复合发酵的适宜添加比例为2∶2∶2。  相似文献   

体外批次培养法研究莫能菌素对亚油酸氢化及反式11-油酸合成的影响     

刘立成  金龙  宋伟红  刘大森 《动物营养学报》2011,23(2):343-348

采用体外批次培养技术,在以亚油酸(C18∶2)为脂肪酸源的培养液中添加不同水平的莫能菌素,研究其对C18∶2氢化及反式11-油酸(t11-C18∶1)合成的影响.试验采用单因子试验设计,以微晶纤维素为培养底物,莫能菌素以其占底物的质量浓度添加,对照组、M1组、M2组、M3组和M4组莫能菌素添加水平分别为0、10、20、...  相似文献   

不同乳酸菌和酵母菌添加量及发酵天数对甘蔗尾青贮发酵品质及营养价值的影响     

彭丽娟  李孟伟  杨承剑  谢华德  彭开屏  郭艳霞  唐振华  梁辛 《畜牧与兽医》2022,(3):21-27

试验旨在研究乳酸菌和酵母菌互作对甘蔗尾青贮发酵品质及营养价值的影响.试验以植物乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、副干酪乳杆菌、矮小假丝酵母菌分别按菌液有效活菌数比为Ⅰ组(10∶0∶ 0∶0)、Ⅱ组(6∶ 1 ∶ 1 ∶2)、Ⅲ组(3∶ 1 ∶ 1 ∶5)、Ⅳ组(0∶0∶0∶ 10)的比例添加及无添加处理(对照组),发酵15、30、4...  相似文献   

脂肪酸对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞乳蛋白和乳脂合成相关基因表达量的影响     

张花  李大彪  邢媛媛  孙梅 《动物营养学报》2017,29(11)

本试验旨在探寻促进奶牛乳腺上皮细胞(BMECs)乳蛋白和乳脂合成的短链脂肪酸(乙酸、β-羟丁酸)和长链脂肪酸(油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸)的组合添加模式,为调控乳成分合成提供理论依据。BMECs经分离、纯化后,选取第2代细胞,分为5组,对照组不添加脂肪酸,Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组添加的乙酸、β-羟丁酸浓度比例均为2.0(9.60 mmol/L)∶1.0(4.80 mmol/L),油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸的浓度比例分别为2.0(17.30μmol/L)∶13.3(115.05μmol/L)∶1.0(8.65μmol/L)和9.6(75.20μmol/L)∶7.4(58.00μmol/L)∶1.0(7.80μmol/L);Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组添加的乙酸、β-羟丁酸的浓度比例均为1.0(7.20 mmol/L)∶1.0(7.20 mmol/L),油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸的浓度比例分别为2.0∶13.3∶1.0和9.6∶7.4∶1.0,各组添加的短链脂肪酸(SCFA)和长链脂肪酸(LCFA)总浓度为14.541 mmol/L,每组3个重复。培养24 h后,检测细胞相对增殖率(RGR)、甘油三酯(TAG)的合成量以及乳蛋白和乳脂合成相关基因的表达量。结果表明:1)试验组BMECs RGR及TAG的合成量均显著高于对照组(P0.05);Ⅰ组RGR最高,TAG合成量最多。2)与对照组相比,Ⅱ组显著提高了核糖体蛋白S6激酶1(S6K1)、κ-酪蛋白(CSN3)基因的表达量(P0.05);Ⅳ组显著提高了CSN3、蛋白激酶B(AKT)、S6K1、真核翻译起始因子4E结合蛋白1(4EBP1)基因的表达量(P0.05);试验组信号转导和转录激活因子5(STAT5)基因的表达量显著降低(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,试验组二酰甘油酰基转移酶2(DG AT2)基因的表达量显著提高(P0.05),脂肪酸合成酶(FASN)基因的表达量显著降低(P0.05)。综上所述,在培养液中添加7.20 mmol/L乙酸、7.20 mmol/Lβ-羟丁酸、75.20μmol/L油酸、58.00μmol/L亚油酸、7.80μmol/L亚麻酸对BM ECs乳蛋白和乳脂合成相关基因的表达量有较好的促进作用。  相似文献   

Effects of Inhibition of Different Rumen Microbial Activity on Rumen Fermentation and Fatty Acid Metabolism in Buffaloes     

LI Mengwei  PENG Lijuan  PENG Kaiping  XIE Fang  LIANG Xin  GUO Yangxia  YANG Chengjian 《中国畜牧兽医》2007,47(9):2767-2778

This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of inhibiting rumen bacteria,fungi and protozoa with adding linoleic acid and linolenic acid on in vitro rumen fermentation and fatty acid metabolism in buffaloes.Both fatty acids were supplemented with substrate and roughage (3:7) at the rate of 3% on dry matter (DM) basis in an in vitro batch culture system,there were 5 repetitions for each group.At the same time,four groups were set up:Control group and inhibition groups of protozoa,bacteria and fungi.After 24 h of incubation,total gas production,CH₄,pH,VFA,NH₃-N,MCP and LFA concentrations were measured.The results showed that:①With the addition of linolenic acid,compared with control group,the gas production decreased significantly after inhibition the growth of bacteria and protozoa,CH₄ production increased significantly after inhibition of the growth bacteria and fungi,and CH₄ production decreased significantly after inhibition of the growth protozoa (P<0.05).With the addition of linoleic acid,compared with control group,the gas production decreased significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria,fungi or protozoa,and CH₄ production was significantly lower than other groups after inhibition of protozoa (P<0.05).② After inhibiting the growth of bacteria,fungi or protozoa,the pH and MCP concentration were affected significantly with the addition of linolenic acid (P<0.05),there was no significant effect on NH₃-N concentration with the addition of linoleic acid (P>0.05).③ Compared with control group,the content of acetic acid and propionic acid was reduced significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria,fungi or protozoa (P<0.05).The butyric acid was reduced significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria with the addition of linolenic acid (P<0.05).The butyric acid was reduced significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria,fungi or protozoa with the addition of linoleic acid (P<0.05).④ Compared with control group, the concentrations of C11:0, C12:0, C13:0, C14:0, C14:1n5, C15:1n5, C16:1n7, C16:0, C18:3n3, C18:2n6c, C18:0, C20:2n6, C20:3n6, C20:1, C20:3n3, C20:0, C21:0, C22:6n3, C22:2n6, C22:0 was reduced significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria with the addition of linolenic acid, the concentrations of C12:0, C13:0, C14:0, C15:0, C16:1n7, C16:0, C17:0, C18:3n6, C18:3n3, C18:2n6c, C18:1n9t, C18:0, C18:2(cis-9,trans-11), C18:2(trans-10,cis-12), C20:2n6, C20:1, C20:0, C21:0, C22:6n3, C22:0, C23:0, C24:1n9, C24:0 was reduced significantly after inhibiting the growth of bacteria with the addition of linoleic acid (P<0.05).The results revealed that the addition of linoleic acid and linolenic acid could significantly manipulate in vitro rumen fermentation parameters,CH₄ yield and fatty acid composition after inhibiting the growth of bacteria,fungi or protozoa.Protozoa greatly contributed to total gas and CH₄ production while bacteria significantly affected rumen fatty acid metabolism.  相似文献   

抑制不同种类瘤胃微生物活性对水牛瘤胃发酵和脂肪酸代谢的影响     

李孟伟  彭丽娟  彭开屏  谢芳  梁辛  郭艳霞  杨承剑 《中国畜牧兽医》2020,47(9):2767-2778

试验旨在采用体外产气法研究抑制瘤胃细菌、真菌、原虫对添加亚油酸和亚麻酸后水牛瘤胃体外发酵参数和脂肪酸代谢的影响。体外培养底物0.5 g,精粗比为3：7,分别添加底物干物质量3%的亚油酸和3%的亚麻酸,每组设置5个重复,同时再设立4个组：对照组及抑制原虫、细菌、真菌组。体外模拟瘤胃发酵培养24 h,测定24 h产气量和气体中的甲烷（CH₄）含量、瘤胃发酵液的pH、挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）、氨态氮（NH₃-N）、微生物蛋白（MCP）浓度以及长链脂肪酸（LFA）组成。结果表明：①在添加亚麻酸情况下,与对照组相比,抑制细菌和原虫生长后产气量显著降低,抑制细菌和真菌生长后CH₄产量显著升高,而抑制原虫生长后CH₄产量显著降低（P<0.05）;在添加亚油酸情况下,与对照组相比,抑制细菌、真菌或原虫生长后产气量均显著降低,且抑制原虫后CH₄产量显著低于其他组（P<0.05）。②抑制细菌、真菌或原虫生长后,添加亚油酸和亚麻酸显著影响了体外瘤胃发酵液pH和MCP浓度（P<0.05）,添加亚油酸对NH₃-N浓度影响不显著（P>0.05）。③与对照组相比,抑制细菌、真菌或原虫生长后显著降低了乙酸、丙酸含量（P<0.05）;在添加亚麻酸情况下,抑制细菌生长显著降低了丁酸含量（P<0.05）;在添加亚油酸情况下,抑制细菌、真菌或原虫生长后丁酸含量显著降低（P<0.05）。④与对照组相比,在添加亚麻酸情况下,抑制细菌生长显著降低了C11：0、C12：0、C13：0、C14：0、C14：1n5、C15：1n5、C16：1n7、C16：0、C18：3n3、C18：2n6c、C18：0、C20：2n6、C20：3n6、C20：1、C20：3n3、C20：0、C21：0、C22：6n3、C22：2n6、C22：0浓度（P<0.05）;在添加亚油酸情况下,抑制细菌生长显著降低了C12：0、C13：0、C14：0、C15：0、C16：1n7、C16：0、C17：0、C18：3n6、C18：3n3、C18：2n6c、C18：1n9t、C18：0、C18：2（cis-9,trans-11）、C18：2（trans-10,cis-12）、C20：2n6、C20：1、C20：0、C21：0、C22：6n3、C22：0、C23：0、C24：1n9、C24：0浓度（P<0.05）。由此可见,抑制细菌、真菌或原虫生长后,添加亚油酸和亚麻酸对体外瘤胃发酵参数、CH₄产量和脂肪酸组成均能产生影响,原虫对产气量和CH₄产量贡献最大,细菌对瘤胃液脂肪酸代谢影响最大。  相似文献   

Direct effects of linoleic and linolenic acids on bovine uterine function using in vivo and in vitro studies     

Ryosuke SAKUMOTO  Ken-Go HAYASHI  Kosuke IGA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2022,68(1):62

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of continuous administration of linoleic acid or linolenic acid into the intra-uterine horn, ipsilateral to the corpus luteum, on the duration of the estrous cycle and plasma progesterone (P4) concentration. The effects of linoleic and linolenic acids on bovine uterine and luteal functions were also studied using a tissue culture system. Intra-uterine administration of linoleic or linolenic acid (5 mg/10 ml of each per day) in cows, between days 12 and 21, resulted in a prolonged estrous cycle compared to the average duration of the last one to three estrous cycles before administration in each group (P < 0.05). Moreover, plasma P4 concentration in cows treated with linoleic or linolenic acid was high between days 19 and 21 (linoleic acid), or on day 20 (linolenic acid), compared to that of the control cows (saline administration; P < 0.05 or lower). Both linoleic (500 µg/ml) and linolenic (5 and 500 µg/ml) acids stimulated prostaglandin (PG) E2 but inhibited PGF2α production by cultured endometrial tissue (P < 0.01), while P4 production by cultured luteal tissue was not affected. These findings suggest that both linoleic and linolenic acids support luteal P4 production by regulating endometrial PG production and, subsequently, prolonging the duration of the estrous cycle in cows.  相似文献   

鲈鲤肌肉脂肪酸组成分析     

朱玲  刘必生  李正友  李建光  申晓东 《贵州畜牧兽医》2012,36(2):62-65

对鲈鲤肌肉脂肪酸进行测定,结果显示:鲈鲤肌肉中含有7种脂肪酸,饱和脂肪酸有3种,不饱和脂肪酸有4种。3种饱和脂肪酸(SFA)总量为28.22%,4种不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)为71.75%,以不饱和脂肪酸中油酸C18∶1含量最高,为44.28%。鲈鲤鱼体肌肉脂肪酸主要由油酸C18∶1、棕榈酸C16∶0、亚油酸C18∶2和棕榈油酸C16∶14种脂肪酸组成,这4种脂肪酸质量分数总和占脂肪酸总质量分数的93.58%。鲈鲤肌肉脂肪酸种类组成与其它几种淡水鱼类比较,存在明显差异。  相似文献   

Influence of Carotino oil on in vitro rumen fermentation,metabolism and apparent biohydrogenation of fatty acids          下载免费PDF全文

Kazeem Dauda Adeyemi  Mahdi Ebrahimi  Anjas Asmara Samsudin  Abd Razak Alimon  Roselina Karim  Saiful Anuar Karsani  Awis Qurni Sazili 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(3):270-278

The study appraised the effects of Carotino oil on in vitro rumen fermentation, gas production, metabolism and apparent biohydrogenation of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids. Carotino oil was added to a basal diet (50% concentrate and 50% oil palm frond) at the rate of 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8% dry matter of the diet. Rumen inoculum was obtained from three fistulated Boer bucks and incubated with 200 mg of each treatment for 24 h at 39°C. Gas production, fermentation kinetics, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), volatile fatty acids (VFA), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), metabolizable energy and free fatty acids were determined. Carotino oil did not affect (P > 0.05) gas production, metabolizable energy, pH, IVOMD, IVDMD, methane, total and individual VFAs. However, Carotino oil decreased (P < 0.05) the biohydrogenation of linoleic and linolenic acids but enhanced (P < 0.05) the biohydrogenation of oleic acid. After 24 h incubation, the concentrations of stearic, palmitic, pentadecanoic, myristic, myristoleic and lauric acids decreased (P < 0.05) while the concentration of linolenic, linoleic, oleic and transvaccenic acids and conjugated linoleic acid (CLAc9t11) increased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of Carotino oil. Carotino oil seems to enhance the accumulation of beneficial unsaturated fatty acids without disrupting rumen fermentation.  相似文献   

丁酸梭菌对高胆碱饮食小鼠血浆游离脂肪酸组成的影响     

陈静  余术宜  黄慧  李健哲 《中国畜牧兽医》2023,50(2):519-530

【目的】分析丁酸梭菌对高胆碱饮食造成脂代谢异常小鼠血浆游离脂肪酸组成(FFA)的影响,以阐明丁酸梭菌调节高胆碱膳食脂代谢的作用机制。【方法】选取4周龄健康的雄性昆明小鼠24只,随机分为3组：正常组、模型组和丁酸梭菌组,每组8只。高胆碱饮食造模8周后,给药7 d,禁食12 h,采集血浆、肝脏、附睾脂肪垫和肾周脂肪,对肝脏、脂肪称重,利用生化仪检测血脂水平;通过HE染色及油红O染色分别观察肝脏组织结构变化及脂滴沉积程度;利用液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS)技术检测小鼠血浆氧化三甲胺(TMAO)含量;利用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术及多元统计分析研究血浆中FFA组成。【结果】与模型组相比,丁酸梭菌组小鼠体重、脂肪增长得到显著抑制(P<0.05),给予丁酸梭菌后小鼠肝脏脂肪沉积减少;丁酸梭菌显著或极显著降低了高胆碱饮食小鼠血浆中甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)含量(P<0.05;P<0.01),并使高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)含量显著升高(P<0.05);丁酸梭菌灌胃后,高胆碱饮食小鼠血浆TMAO浓度显著降低(P<0.05);丁酸梭菌可显著降低高...  相似文献   

Role of dietary γ‐linolenic acid in liver lipid metabolism in Japanese quail     

A. Murai  M. Furuse  J. Okumura 《British poultry science》1995,36(5):821-827

1. The importance of linoleic acid (18:2n‐6) itself and of dietary y‐linolenic acid (18:3n‐6) as essential fatty acids (EFA) in Japanese quail were investigated with regard to liver lipid metabolism. Experimental diets were made by adding of 0, 2 or 4 g γ‐linolenic acid/kg, or 20 g linoleic acid/kg to an n‐6 EFA‐free diet. From 3 to 6 weeks of age, birds were fed equal amounts of experimental diets.

2. liver weight and lipid content in birds fed the 2 and 4 g γ‐linolenic acid/kg diet were significantly lower than those in birds fed the γ‐linolenic acid‐free diet. However, no significant difference was observed between the γ‐linolenic acid‐ and linoleic acid‐supplemented diets.

3. In birds fed the 4 g γ‐linolenic acid/kg diet, the proportion of arachidonic acid in the liver lipid was similar to that in quail fed the 20 g linoleic acid/kg diet, implying a conversion rate from linoleic acid to y‐linolenic acid of approximately 20% of whole body content.

4. It is concluded that linoleic acid itself is not essential for Japanese quail and that at least 2 g/kg of γ‐linolenic acid in the diet completely prevents liver enlargement accompanied by lipid accumulation.  相似文献   

Physical characteristics and chemical composition of Lesser Rhea (Pterocnemia pennata) eggs from farmed populations     

Navarro JL  Barri FR  Maestri DM  Labuckas DO  Martella MB 《British poultry science》2003,44(4):586-590

1. Eggs from 4 farmed populations of Lesser Rhea (Pterocnemia pennata) were studied to determine their physical and chemical characteristics. 2. None of the physical variables (weight of whole egg, yolk, albumen and shell; proportion of yolk based on egg content; proportion of shell based on entire egg weight; volume; density) showed significant differences between populations. 3. Among chemical variables, moisture, both saturated fatty acids (palmitic 16:0 and stearic 18:0), one monounsaturated fatty acid (palmitoleic 16:1), and one polyunsaturated fatty acid (arachidonic 20:4), did not differ between populations, whereas other variables (protein, lipid and ash contents; fatty acids: oleic 18:1, linoleic 18:2, linolenic 18:3; PUFA; PUFA/SFA; cholesterol) differed significantly.  相似文献