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1.
利用PCR-SSCP技术和DNA测序方法检测两群体鸽apoB基因编码区序列的单核苷酸多态性，最小二乘分析表明，A57G突变位点导致的3种基因型对石岐肉鸽屠体率及灰色肉鸽屠体重、腹脂率、肝脏重有显著影响（P〈0．05）；对灰色肉鸽活重、腹脂重、脏率及石岐肉鸽活重和全净膛率有一定影响（P〈0．2）。多重比较显示，石岐肉鸽群体中，BB基因型个体的屠体率高于从基因型个体。灰色肉鸽群体中，BB基因型个体的屠体重、肝脏重、腹脂率均为最大。  相似文献   

2.
本研究采用PCR-RFLP技术,对438只黄羽矮小型肉鸡的胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ基因(IGF-Ⅰ)的5′端进行遗传多态性研究,发现该区域的PcR扩增产物经Hinf Ⅰ酶切后出现GG、GT和TT 3种基因型.经x2检验,群体在该位点上处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05).方差分析结果显示,性别对9个性状(活体重、屠体重、皮脂厚、半净膛、全净膛、胸肌重、腿肌重、腹脂重、腹脂率)有极显著影响(P<0.01),对肌间脂肪含量有显著影响(P<0.05).家系效应在8个性状上(活体重、屠体重、半净膛、全净膛、胸肌重、腿肌重、腹脂重、腹脂率)达到极显著水平(P<0.01);而基因型效应只在腹脂率上达到显著水平(P<0.05),腹脂重没有达到显著水平(P=O.0669).不同基因型的最小二乘均值间多重比较结果发现,TT型的腹脂重和腹脂率均显著低于GT型(P<0.05),而GG型和GT、TT型的差异不显著(P>0.05).  相似文献   

3.
利用25个微卫星标记,对以隐性白羽鸡和仙居鸡为亲本建立的资源群体F2500只鸡进行遗传检测,并测定各个体的活重、屠体重、屠体率,采用方差分析法对标记与性状进行连锁分析.研究结果表明各位点平均等位基因数为5,平均杂合度为0.7012,平均多态信息含量为0.6468.方差分析显示MCW0095、ABR0322、ADL289、MCW4、ADL166、MCW104对活重、屠体重有显著影响(P＜0.05或0.01);MCW104对屠体率有极显著影响(P＜0.01);其他标记对性状的影响未达到显著水平.  相似文献   

4.
京海黄鸡IGF-I基因与生长和屠体性状的关联分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
实验将类胰岛素生长因子I(IGF-I)作为研究鸡生长、屠体性状的候选基因,以京海黄鸡为材料,采用PCR-SSCP技术对京海黄鸡的,IGF-I基因5'非编码区和第1外显子进行SNPs检测和基因型分析,探讨IGF-I基因的多态性与鸡生长、屠体性状之间的关系.在IGF-I基因5'端非编码区上发现1个突变,统计结果显示:活重、腿肌重、半净膛重和全净膛重在不同基因型之间均存在显著差异(P<0.05),AA基因型显著高于BB基因型个体.结果表明:该基因可能调控鸡生长、屠体性状或与控制生长、屠体性状的主基因连锁.由此推测,可以将IGF-I基因作为鸡生长、屠体性状的辅助标记.  相似文献   

5.
为了解优质鸡MEF2A基因SNPs与屠体性状的相关性,以240只大恒优质肉鸡为材料,应用12对引物,采用PCR-SSCP技术对肌细胞特异性增强子因子2A(MEF2A)基因进行多态性检测.结果在该研究群体中检测到MEF2A基因的3个SNPs位点46 023 nt(C→T,SNP1)、72 626 nt(G→A,SNP2)和89 232 nt(G→T,sNP3).关联分析结果表明,MEF2A基因3个SNPs位点及其双倍型对部分屠体性状有显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)影响.最小二乘分析结果表明,SNP1中,基因型A2A2个体的活体质量、屠体质量、胸肌质量和腹脂质量最小二乘均值显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)大于A1A1个体;SNP2中,基因型B1B1个体的活体质量、屠体质量、胸肌质量、腿肌质量和腹脂质量的最小二乘均值显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)大于B282个体;SNP3中的基因型C1C1个体的半净膛率显著高于基因型C2C2个体(P<0.05).双倍型H1H2组合的活体质量、屠体质量、胸肌质量和腿肌质量的最小二乘均值均高于其他双倍型组合.H5H5双倍型的活体质量、屠体质量和胸肌质量的最小二乘均值均为最低.初步推断MEF2A基因可以作为影响鸡屠体性状的分子标记.  相似文献   

6.
为了探究脂肪量和肥胖相关(fat mass and obesity associated,FTO)基因多态性及其对鸡屠体性状和生长性状的影响,试验采用DNA测序检测鸡FTO基因编码区的单核苷酸多态性(SNP),并采用一般线性模型中的LSD法分析FTO基因多态性对和盈黑鸡屠体性状和生长性状的影响。结果表明:在FTO基因第5外显子和第7外显子上各检测到一个SNP位点,分别为g.57337C>A和g.64757T>G突变。g.57337C>A突变形成AA、AB和BB 3种基因型,g.64757T>G突变形成TT、TG和GG 3种基因型。g.57337C>A位点对和盈黑鸡屠体重、宰前活重、头重、胸肌重、腿肌重上、肝脏重、心脏重7个屠体性状有显著或极显著影响(P<0.05或P<0.01),对8,10,16周龄体重影响显著(P<0.05)。g.64757T>G位点对和盈黑鸡宰前活重、全净膛重、半净膛重、屠体重和翅重5个屠体性状有显著影响(P<0.05),对16周龄体重影响显著(P<0.05)。说明FTO基因g.57337C>A...  相似文献   

7.
鸡的微卫星DNA标记与胴体性状的相关分析   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  
测定了青脚麻鸡与隐性白鸡杂交后自交的F2代个体的全净堂重、全净堂率、脂肪宽带、腹脂重和腹脂率6个胴体性状,检测10个微卫星DNA标记,对标记基因型胴体性状值进行方差分析和多重比较,结果表明:MCW328对于10周龄体重和全净膛重两性状各基因型均有显著的差异(P<0.05);ADL292对于腹脂重性状各基因型有极显著的差异(P<0.01),对于腹脂率有显著的差异(P<0.05)。MCW328标记基因与控制10周龄体重和全净膛重QTL连锁,ADL292标记基因与控制腹脂重和腹脂率QTL连锁。  相似文献   

8.
通过比对GenBank中鸡、鹅黑素皮质素受体4（MC4R,melanocortin receptor）基因DNA序列,找出保守序列设计引物,克隆了鸽的MC4R基因编码区985bp序列,与鹅、鸡、短尾猊、北极狐和犬类的同源性分别为94%、94%、91%、84%和84%。利用PCR-SSCP技术和DNA测序方法检测两群体鸽MC4R基因编码区序列的单核苷酸多态性,共检测出两个多态位点,最小二乘分析表明,T933C基因型对肉鸽群体活重、屠体重、全净膛有显著影响（P＜0.05）,对野生鸽群体生长性状无影响（P＞0.2）,多重比较显示,该位点AA基因型个体的活重、屠体重、全净膛显著高于BB基因型个体（P＜0.05）。MC4R基因可能是影响鸽生长性状和体组成的主效基因或与主效基因相连锁。  相似文献   

9.
试验旨在研究拜城油鸡公鸡中脂肪型脂肪酸结合蛋白（adipocyte fatty acid binding protein,A-FABP）基因的多态性及其与生产性能的相关性,寻找可用于拜城油鸡选育的分子遗传标记。随机选取92只6周龄拜城油鸡公鸡,采用PCR-RFLP方法检测A-FABP基因的多态性。每种基因型选取15只体重相近的个体随机分为3组,每组每种基因型个体各5只,分别在12、18、24周龄时屠宰并对生产性能指标进行测定。结果显示,在拜城油鸡公鸡中检测到A-FABP基因有3种基因型：AA、AB、BB,BB为优势基因型,B为优势等位基因,不符合哈代-温伯格平衡定律（P<0.01）。12周龄时,各基因型间各生产性能指标差异均不显著（P>0.05）;18周龄时,BB基因型肌间脂宽显著高于AA基因型（P<0.05）,BB和AB基因型腹脂重极显著高于AA基因型（P<0.01）,腹脂率显著高于AA基因型（P<0.05）;24周龄时,BB基因型体重、肌间脂宽、腹脂重均显著高于AA基因型（P<0.05）。推测A-FABP基因可以作为与拜城油鸡公鸡脂肪性状相关的候选标记之一。  相似文献   

10.
昆山麻鸭的肉用性能及其相关性的测定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
以94羽63日龄昆山麻鸭为测定对象,测定其屠体性状。结果公鸭屠体重、半净膛重、腿肌重高于母鸭(P>0.05),母鸭的胸肌重、皮脂重、腹脂重显著高于公鸭(P<0.05)。公鸭的屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率和皮脂率、腹脂率显著低于母鸭(P<0.05)。昆山麻鸭活重、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、胸肌重、腿肌重之间相关达极显著水平(P<0.01),活重与皮脂重(率)、腹脂重相关极显著(P<0.01),而与腹脂率相关不显著。肉鸭屠体重、屠宰率、半净膛重(率)、全净膛重(率)与皮脂重(率)、腹脂重(率)相关达显著水平。  相似文献   

11.
鸡GDF-5基因外显子1多态性与鸡骨骼发育性状的相关研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
根据GenBank发表的鸡GDF-5基因的mRNA序列设计引物，以白耳鸡和东北农业大学选育的肉鸡高、低腹脂系第8世代鸡群为试验材料，通过测序和PCR-SSCP的方法进行SNP检测和基因型分析，探讨GDF5基因多态性与鸡生长和骨骼发育性状之间的关系。结果发现在GDF-5基因外显子1的84bp处存在1个C／T的突变位点，对该突变位点在研究群体中进行基因型分析，结果产生3种基因型，AA型个体的基因序列和GenBank（Accession No：AF123389）中的一致为C，而BB型个体的基因序列在84bp处突变为T。基因型与鸡体组成性状的统计分析结果表明，AA基因型个体的跖骨围显著高于AB基因型个体（P〈0．05）；AA基因型和AB基因型个体的跖爪重和跖爪率显著高于BB基因型个体（P〈0．05）；AB基因型个体的股骨长和股骨重显著高于BB基因型个体（P＜0．05）；表明该基因对鸡的骨骼性状有较大的影响或与控制骨骼发育性状的主效基因相连锁。  相似文献   

12.
1. Fat deposition in abdominal, mesenterial, sartorial and gizzard adipose tissues (AT), liver, breast muscle, skin and carcase was studied in male broilers, selected for high (HF) and low (LF) abdominal fat and fed on diets differing in energy density and total fat content. 2. There were no significant differences in body weight in the experimental groups. The relative weight (g/kg body weight) of the dissected adipose tissues was higher in HF than in LF birds. Fat concentration in the AT (sartorial excepted), skin and body was higher in the HF compared with the LF birds. The lines did not differ significantly in liver and breast muscle fat content. 3. Abdominal AT was affected by selection or dietary fat more than other AT and total body fat. 4. In the HF birds increasing energy density from 12.3 to 13.4 MJ/kg (dietary fat kept constant: 5.46 g/MJ) significantly increased the weight of the abdominal, mesenterial and sartorial AT. Increasing dietary fat (at both energy densities) decreased the weight of the AT, whereas increasing both energy and fat did not affect it. In the LF birds, similar but milder and insignificant trends were observed. It is suggested that this interaction has biological significance.  相似文献   

13.
生长激素对猪生长、胴体组成及肉质的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
选用体重６４ ｋｇ 左右的大大二三元杂种猪１８ 头， 随机分为２ 组， 试验组和对照组各９ 头。试验组每头每天肌肉注射猪生长激素（ｐＳＴ）５ ｍｇ ，共１４ ｄ， 对照组肌注生理盐水。饲养结束时进行屠宰测定， 取背最长肌进行肉质分析。结果表明： ｐＳＴ 处理组平均日增重显著高于对照组（ Ｐ ＜ ０－０５） ， 料重比下降２１－６８ ％ ， 胴体重提高２－６２ ％ ， 三点膘厚下降７－７８ ％ ， 肝重提高１４－８６％ ， 心重提高１８－０７ ％ ， 肌肉失水率提高１２－６８ ％ ，切割力提高１－６８ ％ ， 大理石纹提高１５－０９ ％ ， 但差异均不显著（ Ｐ ＞ ０－０５） 。ｐＳＴ 对其它指标均无显著影响  相似文献   

14.
PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing technology were used to investigate the polymorphism of PRKAG2 gene in the Peking duck population with 334 birds.One SNP (A>G) of PRKAG2 gene was detected, which located at the 3'-untranslating region of PRKAG2 gene, there were three genotypes:AA, AB and BB, and AA genotype was the dominant genotype.It had extremely significant association with weight of 18 days old and chest width (P<0.01), and had significant association with keel length (P<0.05).So this polymorphic locus might serve as a molecular marker for Peking duck selection, and could provide references for improvement of duck performance.  相似文献   

15.
本研究利用PCR-SSCP及DNA测序技术对334个北京鸭个体已报道的重要能量代谢调控基因——PRKAG2基因进行遗传变异的检测,分析其多态性,并使用SPSS 19.0将北京鸭的经济性状与PRKAG2多态性进行了关联分析。结果表明,在北京鸭PRKAG2基因位点发现1个SNP (A>G),该位点位于PRKAG2基因3'-非翻译区,有3种基因型:AA、AB、BB,其中AA基因型为优势基因型。与经济性状的相关性分析发现,PRKAG2基因的遗传多态性对北京鸭的18日龄重、胸宽有极显著影响(P<0.01),对龙骨长有显著影响(P<0.05),可作为北京鸭分子育种的辅助标记,也可为改善鸭性能提供参考。  相似文献   

16.

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein acid-labile subunit (IGFALS) encodes a protein which binds to IGF1 and IGFBP-3 to regulate the growth, differentiation, and other physiological processes. The aim of this study was the identification of allelic polymorphisms of the IGFALS gene using the PCR-RFLP technique and evaluation of their association with growth traits. For this end, 120 blood samples were randomly collected from each breed. Following amplification of an 1113-bp fragment of exon 1 and a part of intron 1 of the IGFLAS gene, genotyping was conducted by three restriction enzymes including HinfI, MscI, and PvuII. The results showed that only one allele was observed in IGFALS-PvuII site, while in IGFLAS-MscI site, three AA, AB, and BB genotypes with the frequencies of 17.5%, 32%, and 50.5% and 11%, 37.5%, and 51.5% were observed in Makouei and Ghezel sheep breeds, respectively. Additionally, in the IGFLAS-HinfI site, two AB and BB genotypes with the frequency of 34.2% and 65.8% were observed in Makouei sheep and AA, AB, and BB genotypes with the frequency of 9%, 21%, and 70% were observed in Ghezel sheep. So that, Makouei sheep with AB genotype had more chest girth (CG) compared with other genotypes. Furthermore, a significant association was observed between the genotypes of IGFLAS-HinfI with birth weight (BW) in Ghezel and BW, weaning weight (BW3), and CG in Makouei sheep. Haplotype analysis revealed an association between paternal haplotypes and BW in both Ghezel and Makouei breeds. So that, AAB and ABB haplotypes showed more BW than others in Makouei and Ghezel sheep, respectively.

  相似文献   

17.
To determine the effect of duration of dietary vitamin A restriction on site of fat deposition in growing cattle, 60 Holstein steers (BW = 218.4 +/- 6.55 kg) were fed a diet based on high-moisture corn, with 2,200 IU of supplemental vitamin A/kg of DM (control) or no supplemental vitamin A for a long (243 d; LR) or short (131 d; SR) restriction before slaughter at 243 d. The SR steers were fed the control diet for the first 112 d. Steers were penned individually and fed for ad libitum intake. Jugular vein blood samples for serum retinol analysis were collected on d 1, 112, and 243. Carcass samples were collected for composition analysis. Subcutaneous fat samples were collected for fatty acid composition. Fat samples from the i.m. and s.c. depots were collected to measure adipocyte size and density. Feedlot performance (ADG, DMI, and G:F) was not affected (P > 0.05) by vitamin A restriction. On d 243, the i.m. fat content of the LM was 33% greater (P < 0.05) for LR than for SR and control steers (5.6 vs. 3.9 and 4.2% ether extract, respectively). Depth of back-fat and KPH percentage were not affected (P = 0.44 and 0.80, respectively) by vitamin A restriction. Carcass weight, composition of edible carcass, and yield grade were similar among treatments (P > 0.10). Liver retinol (LR = 6.1, SR = 6.5, and control = 44.7 microg/g; P < 0.01) was reduced in LR and SR vs. control steers. On d 243, LR and SR steers had similar serum retinol concentrations, and these were lower (P < 0.01) than those of control steers (LR = 21.2, SR = 25.2, and control = 36.9 microg/dL). Intramuscular adipose cellularity (adipocytes/mm2 and mean adipocyte diameter) on d 112 and 243 was not affected (P > 0.10) by vitamin A restriction. Restricting vitamin A intake for 243 d increased i.m. fat percentage without affecting s.c. or visceral fat deposition, feedlot performance, or carcass weight. Restricting vitamin A intake for 131 d at the end of the finishing period appears to be insufficient to affect the site of fat deposition in Holstein steers.  相似文献   

18.
Crossbred heifers (initially 24 mo, approximate age and 378 +/- 32.1 kg BW) were used to evaluate the influence of pregnancy and advancing gestation on DMI, BW, carcass weight, ruminal characteristics, and visceral organ mass. Heifers (naturally serviced (n = 22; nonpregnant controls, n = 17), were grouped in common pens. Heifers were provided corn silage and hay-based diets formulated to provide 0.45 kg of ADG. Treatments were pregnancy and nonpregnancy; pregnant and nonpregnant heifers were slaughtered on d 40, 120, 200, and 270. Live weight at slaughter and BW change throughout the trial were not influenced by pregnancy (P > 0.1). Carcass weight per unit of BW was decreased due to pregnancy (P < 0.05) and an interaction was found in eviscerated BW (EvBW; P < 0.1), with the pregnant heifers having greater live weights, carcass weights, and EvBW at the d-200 slaughter period. Ruminal fluid fill and total fill (g/kg BW) declined as slaughter period advanced, resulting in the pregnant heifers having less fill at d 270 (P< 0.07). However, ME intake was not different between pregnant and nonpregnant heifers (P > 0.1) at any of the slaughter periods. Heart mass responded differently when nonpregnant and pregnant were analyzed over time and an interaction was detected as slaughter period advanced (P < 0.1). Liver, duodenum, jejunum, and large intestinal mass were not responsive to pregnancy (P > 0.1). Data indicate that ruminal fill is altered by pregnancy but visceral organ mass is not greatly changed by treatment.  相似文献   

19.
European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) were used as a passerine bird model to examine the effect of dietary iron on the level of hepatic iron in birds. Nestling and fledgling starlings (n = 56) were raised on a controlled-iron diet. When birds maintained constant body weight, they were assigned in pairs to cages, and baseline sampling was performed. Pairs were then assigned to one of two diets: the controlled-iron diet (168 ppm, dry basis) or a high-iron diet (3,035 ppm, dry basis). Dry-matter intake and iron consumption were recorded. Dry-matter intake did not differ between the dietary treatment groups and was stable during treatment periods. Iron intake was higher in the high-iron group (P < 0.05). Birds were euthanized at baseline, 8 wk, and 16 wk. Body, liver, and spleen weights were measured. Hepatic iron and copper concentrations were determined. Body weight did not differ between the two treatment groups or among individuals for the study duration. Liver iron concentration differed over time and between treatment groups. Birds receiving both treatments had similar liver iron content at week 8 (3,107 +/- 228.6 ppm and 3,122 +/- 306.2 ppm high and controlled iron, respectively; P > 0.05), but by week 16, birds consuming the high-iron diet had greater hepatic iron levels than those consuming the controlled-iron diet (5,929 +/- 937.2 ppm and 3,683 +/- 229.5 ppm high and controlled iron, respectively; P < 0.05). Birds on the controlled-iron diet also had higher hepatic iron at 16 wk than at 8 wk. Liver copper decreased over time in all birds regardless of treatment. Results show that both dietary iron level and duration of time influenced hepatic iron storage. The controlled-iron diets still allowed accumulation of hepatic iron in an 8-wk period.  相似文献   

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