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本实验旨在研究舍内不同笼位对鹌鹑产蛋性能的影响.随机取舍内中间区域6排,采用3×3双因素实验设计,设置3个列水平(外侧、走道和中间列)和3个层水平(上层、下层和中层),随机统计1 d的产蛋数和每笼蛋重.结果表明:外侧最下层笼位鹌鹑的产蛋数均显著大于中层和上层(P<0.05),过道下层笼位鹌鹑的产蛋数最大且显著大于上层(... 相似文献
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采用单因子实验设计,将饲粮粗蛋白质设为3个水平,分别为18%、20%、22%,将鹌鹑分为6个组,每组4个重复,每个重复30只鹌鹑,实验阶段为33~40周龄,研究日粮中蛋白质水平对产蛋性能的影响.结果表明:第2组鹌鹑的产蛋量显著高于第1、3组(P<0.05),产蛋率显著高于第1、3组(P<0.05),第3组的平均蛋重显著高于第1、2组(P<0.05);第2组的料蛋比显著低于第1、3组(P<0.01).说明饲料蛋白质水平为20%时,产蛋性能是最佳的,提高蛋白质水平并没有促进鹌鹑的产蛋性能. 相似文献
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蛋用鹌鹑养殖对环境控制要求较高,为了研究产蛋舍内局部小环境差异对产蛋期鹌鹑产蛋性能及血清生化指标的影响,选取了1 500只60日龄产蛋鹌鹑随机分为5个处理,分别饲养在阶梯式产蛋笼的不同笼层。每天记录不同笼层的温度、各处理的产蛋数、蛋重;第5周末采血测定血清生化指标。结果表明不同笼层温度最大存在2~4℃的差异,不同笼层鹌鹑产蛋率随着温度升高而升高,最上层产蛋率最高为84.15%,显著高于最下层产蛋率73.87%(P0.05),各层平均蛋重差异不显著(P0.05)。血清生化指标测定发现最上层甘油三酯含量显著高于第3、4、5层(P0.05),其他指标差异不显著(P0.05)。本研究表明鹌鹑舍内不同笼位存在小环境的差异,会对产蛋性能造成显著影响,应当加强日常管理,做好舍内环境控制,提高生产效益。 相似文献
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为探讨笼养模式下不同阶梯笼层对山麻鸭生产性能和蛋品质的影响。试验选取符合品种标准、健康的14周龄母山麻鸭4 248只,随机分为3组并饲养于三层阶梯式蛋鸭笼中,试验期间记录、测定各个阶梯笼层山麻鸭的生产性能和蛋品质。结果表明:各笼层间在开产日龄、达90%产蛋日龄、体增重、破蛋率、前期产蛋增长速率等性能方面均存在显著差异(P0.05);不同笼层间饲料利用率无显著差异(P0.05),但底下笼层的料蛋比表现最优;不同笼层在各项蛋品质指标上未见显著差异(P0.05),但相比而言上笼层在更多指标上占优。研究结果提示,在实际生产中需通过调整光照方式、合理通风,加强管理等措施保持各个笼层饲养环境的相对一致性,从而使得各阶梯笼层均达到较理想的生产性能和蛋品质。 相似文献
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河北省涿州市芦场村张某饲养鹌鹑2500只。张某已连续饲养鹌鹑4年以上,初养时用过新城疫IV系油苗,近2年来未用过任何疫苗,也未发生过疫情。2005年4月上旬,当饲养的鹌鹑达88日龄时,即已进入产蛋高峰时,发生疑似产蛋下降综合征,特报道如下,供同行参考。1发病情况存禽舍内的传播大体是从禽舍的某一笼开始,然后按笼的排列顺序向毗邻的笼发展,从一列笼向邻近的一列笼展。群内传播速度较慢,从第一笼发病起至传遍所有的笼经过了30d,发病后21d开始康复,所以在病情后期禽舍内有处于不同发病阶段的鹌鹑群,即有的已发过病而康复,有的刚开始康复,有的处… 相似文献
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2006年12月6日山东省平度市一鹌鹑养殖户陈某饲养的3 000只蛋用鹌鹑,出现以神经症状、产蛋下降、畸形蛋增多和呼吸困难、失明、腹泻等为主要特征的疾病.根据发病情况、临床症状、病理变化、实验室检验,确诊此群鹌鹑为非典型新城疫与大肠杆菌混合感染. 相似文献
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试验旨在探讨不同饲养密度对蛋用鹌鹑生产性能和行为的影响,以确定适宜的饲养密度,为提高其生产性能和福利水平提供理论依据。试验选择71日龄体况相近健康的蛋用鹌鹑440只,随机分为4个处理,每处理设4个重复,饲养密度分别为65、80、95、110只/m~2,鹌鹑自由采食、饮水,其他饲养管理条件相同,试验期为4周。试验期间测定了蛋用鹌鹑生产性能和行为指标。结果表明,不同饲养密度对蛋用鹌鹑生产性能的影响存在差异,平均日采食量、平均蛋重、产蛋率各处理组差异不显著(P0.05),但3组产蛋率呈现升高趋势;料蛋比3、4组显著低于1组(P0.05)。不同饲养密度对蛋用鹌鹑行为影响不同,采食行为3、4组显著高于1、2组(P0.05),且1组显著高于2组(P0.05);饮水行为3组显著低于1、2、4组(P0.05);站立行为2组显著高于1、3、4组(P0.05);趴卧行为3、4组显著高于1、2组(P0.05)。行走行为1组显著高于2、3、4组(P0.05)且2组显著高于4组(P0.05)。梳羽、伸展等舒适行为各处理组差异不显著(P0.05)。啄物等异常行为3、4组显著高于1、2组(P0.05)。因此,饲养密度95只/m~2时有助于提升饲料转化率且产蛋率存在升高趋势。高饲养密度(95、110只/m~2)有助于采食、趴卧行为的发生,低饲养密度(65、80只/m~2)有助于饮水、行走、站立行为的发生;而且高饲养密度(95、110只/m~2)增加了啄物异常行为的发生,并使梳羽、伸展等舒适行为呈现降低的趋势。 相似文献
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本试验通过饲养试验研究了京红1号商品代蛋鸡产蛋后期钙的适宜需要量，旨在为京红1号商品代蛋鸡营养标准的制定提供一定的基础数据。采用单因子试验设计，选用52周龄的京红1号蛋鸡360只，随机分为4个处理，每个处理6个重复，每个重复15只鸡，饲喂玉米-豆粕-植酸酶型基础日粮，4个处理的钙水平分别为2.91%、3.94%、4.38%和4.98%，试验期6周。试验期间每天记录蛋鸡产蛋数、蛋重和不合格蛋数，每周以重复为单位统计采食量。试验结束时，每个重复取3枚鸡蛋测定蛋品质。结果表明：①不同钙水平对蛋鸡平均日产蛋率、平均蛋重、平均日产蛋量、平均日采食量和料蛋比的影响均不显著（P>0.05），但3.94%处理组料蛋比和平均日采食量相对于其他处理组都有所降低；3.94%处理组的破损蛋率显著低于4.38%和4.98%处理组（P<0.05）；②不同钙水平日粮对蛋壳厚度影响显著（P<0.05），4.38%处理组蛋壳厚度显著高于2.91%和4.98%处理组（P<0.05），3.94%处理组显著高于4.98%处理组（P<0.05）；3.94%处理组的蛋壳强度最大，蛋壳比例最适宜，但二者在各个处理间差异不显著（P>0.05）；③通过建立蛋壳厚度与日粮钙水平间的回归关系估测日粮最佳钙水平为3.84%。综合本试验结果，在饲喂玉米-豆粕-植酸酶型基础日粮条件下，3.84%~3.94%钙水平日粮能改善京红1号蛋鸡产蛋后期蛋壳厚度、提高蛋重、降低破损蛋率，有利于其生产性能的发挥。 相似文献
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《Livestock Production Science》2005,95(3):255-263
The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effects of cage floor and cage density on stress parameters of laying hens. A total of 162 brown laying hens (Hyline Brown), aged 34 weeks, were used in the experiment. Compact-type battery cages, with three floors, were used. Hens were allocated as one, three or five hens in each of 18 cages to obtain three different cage density groups of 1968, 656 and 393.8 cm2 floor area per hen, respectively. The same number of cages with different cage density were allocated to three different battery floors (first floor=top, second=middle, third=bottom) systematically. Values for body weight, mortality rate, egg weight, egg production, egg quality characteristics, egg yolk cholesterol content, the levels of blood plasma corticosterone, serum glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides, the ratio of heterophils to lymphocytes (H-L ratio), antibody titers, claw length score, foot health score, plumage score and throat skin injuries were taken as indicators of stress. The values for egg weight (P<0.01) at the first floor were greater than the other floor levels. The group with five hens per cage had significantly lower mean estimates (P<0.01) than other groups with respects to body weight (P<0.001), egg production (P<0.001), egg weight (P<0.001) and plumage score (P<0.01), while significantly higher mean estimates for egg albumen index (P<0.01), Haugh unit (P<0.01), serum glucose (P<0.001), and H-L ratio (P<0.001). Serum cholesterol was higher in cages with one hen than that with five hens, whereas plasma corticosterone was lower. Antibody titers in cages with one hen was similar to that with three or five hens; however, those with three hens had higher titers than those with five hens. Values for egg breaking strength, yolk index, egg cholesterol content, and foot health score were not affected by cage density or floor. The results suggest that the allocation of three hens per cage had no measurable effect on health and welfare. 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2006,15(3):355-361
This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of cage location and tier level with respect to light intensity on egg production and egg quality of hens housed in a semiconfined facility. Hens (ISA Brown, n = 225) at 75 wk of age were placed into 3-tier cages as top (T), middle (M), and bottom (B) tiers located in cages illuminated artificially (EI), by window (FW), or between corridors (C) for 2 mo. Light intensity was measured monthly for each cage at 5 cm from feeders every 6 h. Egg production was recorded daily and egg quality was assessed biweekly. Light intensity was the greatest for cages in the FW group (151.9, 119.8, and 89.8 lx for tiers T, M, and B, respectively), followed by EI (52.6, 54.5, and 51.0 lx for tiers T, M, and B, respectively), and C (44.5, 23.4, and 4.7 lx for tiers T, M, and B, respectively). Hens at location EI had greater egg production than hens at FW and C. Egg production for hens at tier T was also greater than for hens at tiers M and B. Egg production for hens at EI and C decreased quadratically, whereas that for hens at FW decreased linearly from tiers T to B. Cage location, but not tier level, affected egg weight. Hens at EI and FW produced heavier eggs than hens at C. Shape index, yolk color, and yolk index were independent of cage location and tier level. Hens at EI and FW produced eggs with thinner and weaker shells than hens at C. Moreover, eggshell strength increased linearly from tier T to B. Both albumen index and Haugh unit were the greatest for hens at FW, followed by EI and C. Their responses to cage location varied with tier levels. In conclusion, variation in light intensity in multitier cage systems in semiconfined laying hen houses may be a contributing factor for depressed laying performance and egg quality. 相似文献
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Per Abrahamsson Ragnar Tauson Michael C. Appleby 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(4):286-296
Abstract In two trials, production, feed consumption, mortality, egg quality and birds' live weight of a total of 2877 caged laying hens of four hybrids, Dekalb XL, Lohmann Selected Leghorn (LSL) and Shaver 288 in Trial 1 and ISA Brown and LSL in Trial 2, were studied during full production cycles. The cage designs were Get-away cages (GA) with 15 hens per cage, a special version of the “Edinburgh modified cage” called “Modified and enriched cage” (ME) with 4 ISA or 5 Leghorn hens per cage, conventional cages of metal (CO) with 4 hens per cage and conventional cages of plastic (PL) with 3 hens per cage. GA and ME included nests, perches and sandbaths. LSL produced significantly better than the other hybrids. Shaver had a significantly lower live weight than Dekalb and LSL, while ISA was significantly heavier than LSL. Production in ME was similar to that in conventional cages and, in Trial 2, birds in ME, CO and PL produced significantly better than those in GA. The highest mortality was registered in GA, where in Trial 2 it was significantly higher than in ME. GA gave a significantly higher and CO a lower proportion of cracked eggs than ME and PL. In both trials ME gave significantly lower proportions of dirty eggs than GA and in Trial 2, the lowest. Few differences between the systems were registered regarding interior egg quality. It was concluded that ME is better for production, mortality and management than GA but similar to conventional cages. 相似文献
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Tsuyoshi SHIMMURA Yusuke EGUCHI Katsuji UETAKE Toshio TANAKA 《Animal Science Journal》2007,78(3):323-329
The aim of the present study was to compare the welfare level and performance of laying hens between conventional and small furnished cages. At the age of 54 weeks, 120 White Leghorn layers were divided into four groups: four (C4) or six hens/cage in conventional cages and four or six (F6) hens/cage in furnished cages. Their behavior, number of steps taken, performance and physical condition were measured. Sham dust‐bathing was greater in conventional cages than in furnished cages (P = 0.05) and dust‐bathing, litter scratching and litter pecking were also observed in furnished cages. Other comfort behavior, moving and number of steps taken were more frequent in the four‐hen cages than in the six‐hen cages (P < 0.01, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). Though egg production and egg mass in C4 and F6 were lower than in the other groups, no significant differences were found in the other production measurements. Bodyweight gain was larger in the four‐hen cages than the six‐hen cages (P < 0.01). In conclusion, behavior was not restricted in the furnished cages, but activity and bodyweight gain were affected by group size (density) rather than cage design. Hereafter, the studies on suitable density in each cage design, using young layers, are required. 相似文献
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试验检测了春季蛋鸭笼养舍内环境因子分布和蛋鸭生理机能及生产性能变化,为蛋鸭阶梯式笼养模式提出改进建议。结果表明:(1)蛋鸭舍内气载有害菌和粉尘浓度随纵向通风进程持续升高,上层鸭笼大肠杆菌属细菌气溶胶浓度显著低于中层和下层(P<0.05)。平均光照强度自进风口到出风口分布均匀,但上层笼极显著高于下层(P<0.01);(2)上层蛋鸭平均产蛋率(69.37%)显著高于下层蛋鸭(P<0.05);累计死淘率(0.11%)显著低于下层蛋鸭(P<0.05);(3)上层鸭蛋哈氏单位为68.2,极显著高于下层鸭蛋(P<0.01);(4)上层蛋鸭血清过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、下丘脑GnRH基因表达水平均显著高于下层蛋鸭(P<0.05);下丘脑CRH基因表达水平,脾脏IL-1β、IL-10和TNF-α基因表达水平显著低于下层蛋鸭(P<0.05)。以上结果显示,春季笼养蛋鸭舍内,不同空间位置环境因子分布不均匀,下层蛋鸭长期处于恶劣环境,增加了死亡率,降低了产蛋率和蛋品质。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究鹌鹑雌激素受体β亚基（ESRβ）基因外显子多态性及其与产蛋性能的关联性,为鹌鹑产蛋性能候选基因的确立及分子标记辅助选育提供理论依据。选取健康蛋用黑羽鹌鹑为研究对象,开产后进行生产性能的持续统计（60 d）,采用PCR-SSCP法对鹌鹑ESRβ基因多态性进行检测,并运用SPSS 13.0统计软件进行ESRβ基因多态性与生产性能的相关性分析。PCR-SSCP检测结果发现,ESRβ基因外显子1、3、4、5、6、7和8均存在单核苷酸多态性。相关性分析结果表明,在开产蛋质量上,外显子3 CD基因型与CC和DD基因型有显著性差异（P<0.05）;在开产日龄上,外显子5 DD基因型与CD和CC基因型有显著性差异（P<0.05）;在平均蛋质量上,外显子7 CD基因型与CC和DD基因型有显著性差异（P<0.05）。表明ESRβ基因与蛋用黑羽鹌鹑产蛋性状有一定关联性。 相似文献
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1. The welfare of hens in 26 flocks (6 conventional cage, 6 furnished cage, 7 barn, 7 free-range) was assessed throughout the laying period using a combination of data on physical health, physiology and injurious pecking, collected by researchers on farm and during post-mortem analysis, and information submitted by producers. 2. There was an effect of housing system on 5 of the indicators recorded by researchers: gentle feather pecks given, feather damage score, proportion of hens with feather damage, proportion of the flock using perches, and faecal corticosterone. 3. Post-mortem analysis revealed several differences between housing systems in skin damage, plumage damage to the vent and abdomen, keel protrusion, bodyweight, and the proportion of hens that were vent pecked and that had old and recent keel fractures. 4. There was an effect of housing system on 5 indicators recorded by producers: proportion of egg shells with calcification spots, proportion of egg shells with blood stains, weight of hens found dead, temporal change in the proportion of egg shells with stains, and temporal change in proportion of hens found dead. 5. Each housing system had positive and negative aspects but overall, hens in barn systems had the highest prevalence of poor plumage condition, old fractures, emaciation, abnormal egg calcification, and the highest corticosterone. Hens in conventional cages sustained more fractures at depopulation than birds in other systems. Vent pecking was most prevalent in free-range flocks. The lowest prevalence of problems occurred in hens in furnished cages. 6. Although housing system had an influence on the hens' physical condition and physiological state, the high prevalence of emaciation, loss of plumage, fractures and evidence of stress is of concern across all housing systems, and suggests that the welfare of modern genotypes is poor. 相似文献
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本试验通过在种鸡的基础饲粮中加入肌苷酸(IMP)来研究其对种鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质和种蛋孵化性能的影响。选择遗传背景相同、体重相近,产蛋率达到5%的20周龄健康AA种鸡864羽,随机分为2组(对照组饲喂基础饲粮;试验组饲喂基础饲粮+0.5%肌苷酸),每组6个重复,每个重复72羽,试验期30 d。测定试验期间所有种蛋的平均蛋重、产蛋率和合格蛋率;每组随机选取部分种蛋进行蛋品质测定;于孵化开始第17天,通过照蛋处理统计种蛋受精率,第21天出雏时,计算受精蛋孵化率、入孵蛋孵化率和健雏率。试验结果表明:与对照组相比,试验组种鸡的平均蛋重、产蛋率和合格蛋率均有升高的趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05);蛋形指数显著升高(P<0.05),蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度和蛋黄颜色显著降低(P<0.05);受精率、受精蛋孵化率和入孵蛋孵化率显著升高(P<0.05),健雏率和雏鸡体重有升高的趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上,0.5%外源肌苷酸对种鸡的产蛋性能和种蛋孵化性能均有促进作用。 相似文献
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本研究旨在评估夏季高温时日粮添加甜菜碱对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及骨骼和血液理化特性的影响.试验将480只产蛋性能一致的罗曼粉壳蛋鸡随机分为2组,每组240只,每组10个重复(24只/重复).对照组饲喂基础试验日粮,处理组蛋鸡饲喂基础试验日粮+150?mg/kg甜菜碱,试验为期8周.结果:日粮添加150?mg/kg甜菜碱对... 相似文献