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1.
实验性脾虚证大鼠肝脏和肌肉组织中糖原变化的组织学观察 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
将45只大白鼠随机分成对照组、脾虚模型组及治疗组,每组15只。以利血平(1mg/kg·d)复制大白鼠脾虚证模型,四君子汤辅助治疗,在实验进行至第7天和第14天分别捕杀各组大白鼠,取肝脏、肌肉组织,用组织化学方法测定在不同组间和不同实验阶段其中糖原的变化。结果,在第7天时,脾虚组和治疗组糖原含量明显低于正常对照组,第14天时,与正常对照组相比较,脾虚组和治疗组糖原含量显著升高,且脾虚组糖原含量较其它两组高,提示肝脏和肌肉组织中糖原的变化可能是脾虚证发生发展的重要指标。 相似文献
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在大连湾地区健康的刺参养殖池塘沉积物中分离出的一株芽孢杆菌B4,经检测,发现该菌株具备产淀粉酶和蛋白酶能力。试验采用1亿CFU/m L质量浓度的B4菌液投喂刺参,并于投喂后第0天、第7天、第14天、第21天和第28天取刺参体肠道,检测刺参肠道内的碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、脂肪酶(LPS)、淀粉酶(AMS)和蛋白酶(Protease)的活性。结果表明:第14天和第28天,添加B4组的刺参肠道AKP活性显著高于对照组(P0.05);B4组的ACP活性与对照组相比无显著差异(P0.05)。用添加芽孢杆菌B4的饲料饲喂刺参,肠道内淀粉酶活性在第14天、第21天和第28天时显著高于对照组(P0.05);第7天时,B4组的肠道脂肪酶活性显著高于对照组(P0.05);第28天时,B4组的肠道内蛋白酶活性与对照组相比显著升高(P0.05)。研究表明,芽孢杆菌B4具有良好的产酶特性,且对刺参肠道免疫酶具有良好的刺激效果,可作为刺参饲料添加剂使用。 相似文献
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应用组织化学手段对牛卵巢卵泡中碱性磷酸酶(AP)和葡萄糖—6—磷酸酶(G—6—P酶)进行酶活性反应显示和定位。旨在探讨不同染色方法对酶活性反应显示的影响，以便更好的观察不同发育时期卵泡内酶的定位和酶活性反应的强弱。结果表明：AP检测效果实验Ⅰ组好于实验Ⅱ组和对照组，其卵巢组织结构及卵泡形态非常清晰，切片背景为兰色，酶活性处呈现黑色沉淀，各期卵泡酶的反应显示较好。G—6—P酶检测效果实验Ⅱ组好于实验Ⅰ组和对照组，其卵巢组织结构及卵泡形态比较清晰，切片背景为浅粉色，酶活性反应处呈现棕色沉淀，酶活性反应显示较好。说明不同染色方法对酶活性反应观察效果不同。牛卵巢卵泡不同发育时期、不同的结构部位，酶的活性具有强弱不同的反应性。 相似文献
4.
本实验在16只绵羊的左侧胸壁人工造成皮肤全层缺损创,用氦氖激光直接照射创面,能量密度7.52焦耳/平方厘米。测定了四种血清酶活性的变化。血清碱性磷酸酶在两组动物均持续性下降,实验结束时均极显著(P<0.01)的低于术前正常值,而实验组高于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。酸性磷酸酶,创伤后最初四天两组都降低,此后开始逐渐上升,差异不显著(P>0.05)。乳酸脱氢酶也是呈下降趋势,在第十二天为最低值,到第二十一天,两组均低于术前值,但与术前无显著差异,两组间比较差异不显著(P>0.05)。谷草转氨酶,在实验的第二十一天,实验组显著(P<0.05)高于术前值,但对照组与术前比较没有显著差异(P>0.05)。实验表明,用低功率氦氖激光直接照射绵羊皮肤缺损创时,能够明显地提高血清谷草转氨酶的活性,而不能增强酸性磷酸酶和乳酸脱氢酶的活性,对碱性磷酸酶的活性无明显作用。 相似文献
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硒对氟中毒雏鸡肝脏细胞色素P450酶系主要亚型的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本试验旨在研究硒对氟中毒雏鸡肝脏细胞色素P450酶系主要亚型活性(含量)的影响及CYP3A37基因转录情况.选取180羽7日龄健康雏鸡,随机分为3组,分别为正常组、氟中毒组和加硒组.正常组饲喂全价日粮;氟中毒组在正常日粮中添加氟化钠(NaF),使日粮中氟含量为1 000 mg·kg-1;加硒组在氟中毒组日粮基础上添加亚硒酸钠(Na2SeO3),使日粮中硒含量为4 mg·kg-1.分别在第30、60、90天从各组随机选取20羽鸡,采用比色法测定P450酶系主要亚型活性(含量),利用RT-PCR方法测定CYP3A37 mRNA转录水平的变化.在添加氟化钠后第30天,氟中毒组除细胞色素P450含量和氨基比林-N-脱甲基酶(AND)活性低于正常组外,其余各酶活性(含量)较正常组均有增加(P<0.05);在加硒组中,除NADPH-细胞色素C还原酶和苯胺-4-羟化酶活性低于氟中毒组外,其余各哑型酶活性(含量)均高于氟中毒组(P<0.05).第60天时,氟中毒组酶活性(含量)均极显著高于正常组(P<0.01);在加硒组中,除NADPH-细胞色素C还原酶和氨基比林-N-脱甲基酶活性略高于氟中毒组外(P>0.05),其余各亚型酶活性(含量)均极显著低于氟中毒组(P<0.01).第90天时,氟中毒组除细胞色素P450含量略高于正常组外(P>0.05),其余各亚型酶活性(含量)均极显著低于正常组(P<0.01);加硒组中细胞色素P450含量和NADPH-细胞色素C还原酶活性略低于氟中毒组,其余各亚型酶活性(含量)均高于氟中毒组.在各时间点氟中毒组CYP3A37 mRNA转录水平均明显高于正常组(P<0.01);加硒组中mRNA转录水平介于氟中毒组和正常组之间.结果提示,饲料中添加氟化钠和亚硒酸钠可使鸡肝脏细胞色素P450酶系各亚型活性(含量)及CYP3A37 mRNA转录水平发生明显变化. 相似文献
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7.
为探讨中草药添加剂对刺参免疫酶活性的影响,按中医理论将几种中草药配伍,以1%、2%、3%和4%的质量比添加于基础饲料中作为试验组,以基础饲料饲喂组为对照,连续投喂24 d.在投喂期间的第7天、第10天、第14天、第18天和第24天测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)、酸性磷酸酶( ACP)与碱性磷酸酶(AKP)的活性.结果表明:在24 d的饲养周期中,各试验组SOD、NOS、ACP与AKP的活性均随时间延长先升高后降低.SOD活性在投喂后第18天达到最高,为262.88 U/mL,1%和2%剂量组的SOD活性与对照组间差异显著,3%剂量组与对照组间差异极显著;NOS活性在投喂后第18天达到最高,为6.35 U/mL,2%剂量组的NOS活性与对照组具有显著差异;2%添加组的ACP活性在投喂后第14天活性最高,为38.46 U/100 mL,与对照组具有显著差异;投喂后第14天时AKP活性最高,为70.92 U/100 mL,3%和4%剂量组与对照组具有显著差异,1%和2%剂量组与对照组差异极显著.研究结果表明:中草药添加剂能促使刺参相关的免疫酶活性增强,有一定的增强机体免疫力的功能. 相似文献
8.
阿苯达唑和奥芬达唑对猪体内囊尾蚴作用酶组织化学观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的 采用酶组织化学技术半定量观察阿苯达唑和奥芬达唑对猪体内囊尾蚴发育过程中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)、三磷酸腺苷酶(ATPase)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、6-磷酸葡萄糖酶(G6Pase)、黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)、脂酶(FE)活性变化的影响。方法 以用药组与不用药对照组猪体内囊尾蚴周围肌组织冰冻切片测各种酶的活性。结果 表明阿苯达唑和奥芬达唑作用后,各种酶活性均出现显著性升高,随后逐渐降低。结论 揭示药物作用后,由于虫体能量代谢障碍,导致物质分解代谢和物质转运代谢代偿性增强,随后由于代谢体系被破坏而酶活性逐渐降低。 相似文献
9.
鸭IFN-α真核表达质粒基因枪免疫对鸭瘟弱毒疫苗免疫鸭细胞免疫调节作用初探 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
为探索鸭α干扰素(IFN-α)真核表达质粒(pcDNA-SDIFN-α)对鸭瘟弱毒疫苗免疫鸭的细胞免疫调节作用,本研究将pcDNA-SDIFN-α以1、3和6μg/只3个剂量用基因枪轰击法分别免疫28日龄鸭,以PBS和空载体质粒pcDNA3.1( )为对照,所有鸭15 d后接种鸭瘟(DP)弱毒疫苗。接种后第3、7、14、21、28、35、49、63、84天采血用淋巴细胞增殖试验(MTT法)测定鸭外周血中T淋巴细胞转化效果;第7、14、21、28、35、49天采血用流式细胞仪(FACS)测定CD3 T淋巴细胞数量的动态变化。结果发现:①T淋巴细胞对ConA的反应能力(OD值),不同剂量pcDNA-SDIFN-α免疫组鸭外周血T淋巴细胞转化功能于第3-84天均高于PBS和空载体pcDNA对照组,其中第3-84天1μg/只组极显著(P≤0.01)高于PBS和pcDNA对照组,3μg/只组极显著(P≤0.01)或显著(P≤0.05)高于PBS和pcDNA对照组,6μg/只组于第7-49天极显著(P≤0.01)或显著(P≤0.05)高于PBS和pcDNA对照组;1μg/只组第3-35天显著(P≤0.05)高于3、6μg/只组;3μg/只组于第14-35天高于6μg/只组,但差异不显著(P≥0.05);pcDNA对照组略高于PBS对照组,但差异不显著(P≥0.05);②CD3 T淋巴细胞数量变化,不同剂量pcDNA-SDIFN-α免疫组鸭于第7-49天均高于PBS和pcDNA对照组,其中1μg/只组于第14-49天极显著(P≤0.01)高于PBS和pcDNA对照组,3μg/只组于第21-49天极显著(P≤0.01)高于PBS对照组和显著(P≤0.05)高于pcDNA对照组,6μg/只组于第7-49天显著(P≤0.05)或极显著(P≤0.01)高于PBS和pcDNA对照组;1、3和6μg/只组之间差异不显著(P≥0.05);pcDNA组于第14-49天高于PBS组,但差异不显著(P≥0.05)。研究表明,pcDNA-SDIFN-α提前15 d免疫能显著增强DP弱毒疫苗诱导的鸭细胞免疫力,以基因枪免疫1μg/只的效果最佳,它是一种良好的增强DP弱毒疫苗细胞免疫的分子佐剂。 相似文献
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80只14日龄SPF鸡随机均分为实验组和对照组，实验组用鸡传染性支气管炎病毒M41株人工感染，感染后1、3、5、7、11、15天分别测定感染组及对照组血清中一氧化氮合酶(NOS)和一氧化氮(NO)的含量，研究NO在鸡传染性支气管炎发病过程中的作用。结果表明：实验组血清NOS含量自攻毒后第3天上升，一直持续至鸡群恢复期，但与对照组无显著差异。实验组血清NO含量在攻毒后第3天也开始上升，攻毒后第5、7、11天血清NO含量显著高于对照组，此后血清中NO含量上升趋势有所减缓。提示NO可能参与调节了传染性支气管炎的发生发展过程。 相似文献
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The present study investigated the efficacy of topical selamectin for elimination of naturally acquired Trichosomoides crassicauda infection in rats. Twelve T. crassicauda-positive rats were assigned to the treatment group and six rats were assigned to the control group. Selamectin (6 mg/kg) was applied topically to the skin in a single spot at the base of the neck in front of the scapulae in the treatment group. To assess the efficacy of the treatment, animal faeces were investigated with the use of the flotation technique on days 0, 4, 14 and 24 after selamectin application. The rats of the treatment and control groups were necropsied on the day 24. In the treatment group, 7 of 12 infected rats were cured completely. Topical selamectin was found to be effective in eliminating T. crassicauda infection in rats. 相似文献
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Efficacy of selamectin was studied in naturally acquired S. muris infections in rats. Fourty-eight S. muris-positive rats were divided into six treated and two control groups. Selamectin (6 mg/kg) was applied topically to the skin in a single spot at the base of the neck in the treatment group. The rats of treated and control groups were necropsied on the 24th day after the treatment. Topical selamectin was found to be 40.7-63.3% effective (based on egg per gram method) in eliminating S. muris infection in rats. The efficacy of the treatment against S. muris (based on adult worm counts) in male and female rats was 35.14-58.88%, respectively (mean 48.39%). 相似文献
13.
不同属种肉类对大鼠血清生化指标与抗氧化能力的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
探讨了不同属种肉类对大鼠血清生化指标和抗氧化机能的影响。试验选取体重约177 g的雄性SD大鼠90只,随机分为3组即狗肉组、羊肉组、鸭肉组,分别将日粮中的主要蛋白源替换为狗肉、羊肉、鸭肉(CP 31%)。试验期为4周。结果表明:饲喂狗肉和羊肉能显著提高大鼠生长性能,且前者使得大鼠血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性极显著升高(P<0.01);而饲喂鸭肉使得大鼠血清丙氨酸转移酶(ALT)活性显著升高(P<0.05),天冬氨酸转移酶(AST)、血清尿素氮(BUN)活性极显著升高(P<0.01)。不同属种的肉之间,鸭肉组肝脏和肾脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性均极显著升高(P<0.01)。结果提示:饲喂狗肉和羊肉能促进机体蛋白质合成,有利于蛋白质沉积;饲喂鸭肉则具有增强机体抗氧化的能力。 相似文献
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【目的】 研究穿王消炎粉对脂多糖(LPS)诱导大鼠急性肺损伤(ALI)的治疗作用。【方法】 将60只SD雄性大鼠随机分入空白组、左氧氟沙星阳性药物对照组、LPS模型组及穿王消炎粉低(1 g/kg体重)、中(2 g/kg体重)、高(4 g/kg体重)剂量组,每组10只。模型组和给药组大鼠经滴鼻法给予LPS(3 mg/kg体重)制备大鼠ALI模型,24 h后,给药组分别灌胃相应浓度的穿王消炎粉,模型组和空白组灌胃相同体积的生理盐水。治疗4 d后处死大鼠,分离血清、固定并冻存肺脏组织。测定各组大鼠肺脏组织湿/干重比;HE染色观察大鼠肺脏组织病理学变化;ELISA法检测血清中白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、IL-6含量;采用实时荧光定量PCR和Western blotting法检测肺脏组织中IL-1β、IL-6 mRNA表达水平和蛋白表达量。【结果】 与空白组相比,LPS模型组大鼠出现肺间质壁增厚,肺泡腔内炎性细胞浸润、出血,肺泡结构破坏等肺损伤症状,肺组织的湿/干重比极显著升高(P<0.01),血清中IL-1β、IL-6含量和肺脏组织中IL-1β、IL-6 mRNA表达水平及蛋白表达量均显著增加(P<0.05)。与LPS模型组相比,各给药组大鼠肺间质增宽现象有所改善,肺组织的湿/干重比、血清和肺脏组织中炎性因子IL-1β、IL-6 mRNA表达水平及蛋白表达量均显著降低(P<0.05)。【结论】 穿王消炎粉可有效抑制LPS诱导的急性肺部损伤和炎症程度。 相似文献
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Dede S Deger Y Meral I 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2002,49(6):286-288
This experiment was carried out to determine the effect of short-term hypothermia on blood malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) concentrations in rats. Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were used weighing 180-200 g and on average 3.5 months old. They were randomly divided into two experimental groups: control (without cooling) and hypothermic (with cooling). The rats of the hypothermic group were cooled by immersion into cold water (10-12 degrees C), and the control rats were immersed into water of body temperature (37 degrees C) up to the neck without using any anaesthetic or tranquilizer for 3 min Rectal body temperatures of both groups were measured and blood samples to analyse MDA, GSH, SOD, GSH, GSH-Px and G-6-PD were collected immediately after the treatment. It was found that the MDA level was higher and the GSH and G-6-PD levels were lower in the hypothermic group than those in the controls. There was no difference between the control or hypothermic group regarding SOD or GSH-Px levels. It is concluded that acute hypothermia increased the lipid peroxidation and decreased the GSH and G-6-PD levels in rats. 相似文献
16.
试验旨在观察蟾酥微丸对小鼠急性毒性和大鼠长期毒性作用,评价其安全性,为临床用药提供理论依据。急性毒性试验选取昆明小鼠,2次灌服蟾酥微丸,测定蟾酥微丸的急性毒性。亚慢性毒性试验选取120只SD大鼠,平均分为低、中、高蟾酥微丸药物组和空白组（给予等体积的蒸馏水）,灌胃给药,分别在连续给药28 d后和停药2周后称重,随机选取每组20只大鼠（停药后余下10只）心脏采血处死,检测血液学、血液生化指标并做病理组织学检查。急性毒性试验用药死亡时间集中在1~4 h,经计算LD50为13.21 g/kg。亚慢性毒性试验中,连续给药28 d后,高、中剂量组雄性大鼠的体重与空白组差异极显著（P＜0.01）;高剂量组的谷草转氨酶与碱性磷酸酶与空白组相比差异极显著（P＜0.01）;高、中剂量组的肾脏系数与空白组相比差异极显著（P＜0.01）。经过2周停药恢复,高剂量组的生化指标恢复不佳,而中、低剂量组则恢复良好。病理学检查结果表明,高、中剂量组大鼠的肝脏、肾脏出现肿胀淤血,高剂量大鼠的肝脏表面有水泡样病灶。结果表明,蟾酥微丸的急性毒性较小,安全性较高;大剂量长期使用可导致肝脏、肾脏损伤,故临床应用要注意剂量和疗程。 相似文献
17.
PENG Jian-bo TAO Qing LI Jin-hui DAI He-zhan ZHENG Chong YANG Shan-zhong HE Jia-kang 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(5):1508-1517
The aim of the experiment was to observe the acute toxicity and the long-term toxicity of Chansu pellets in mice, and to evaluate its safety and provide the theoretical basis for clinical use. Kunming mice were selected for acute toxicity test. The acute toxicity of Chansu pellets was determined by oral administration to mice twice. In the sub-chronic toxicity test, 120 SD rats were divided into low, middle and high dose groups and the control group (the same volume of distilled water) intragastric administration. Respectively, after 28 d of continuous administration and 2 weeks after drug withdrawal, the rats were weighed, and 20 rats (10 mice remaining after cessation of administration) in each group were sacrificed at random. The hematological and biochemical parameters were measured and the histopathological examination was performed. In the acute toxicity, time of death concentrated in 1 to 4 h. LD50 was 13.21 g/kg. In the sub-chronic, after 28 d of continuous dosing, the body weights of male rats of high dose group and the control group were extremely significantly different (P <0.01). Aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase of high dose group were extremely significantly different (P <0.01) compared with control group. Kidneys coefficients of high and middle dose groups compared with control group were extremely significantly different (P <0.01). After two weeks the withdrawal recovery, biochemical indicators of high dose group's recovery was not good. Middle and low dose groups had good recovery. Pathological examination showed that high and middle dose groups' rat liver and kidney swelling congestion. High dose rat liver surface were blister-like lesions. The results showed that Chansu pellets were less acute toxicity. Long-term use of large doses could cause liver and kidney damage. Therefore, we should pay attention to dose and duration of treatment in clinical application. 相似文献
18.
脱氢表雄酮诱导大鼠多囊卵巢综合征的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
探索用脱氢表雄酮(dehydroepiandrosterone,DHEA)诱导雌性大鼠建立多囊卵巢综合征(Polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)模型的方法.采用性成熟雌性SD大鼠20只,随机分为两组,其中试验组10只,腹腔注射DHEA 6 mg/100(g·d-1);对照组10只同时注射生理盐水.试验中每天用阴道涂片法进行发情鉴定,31 d后分剐称取大鼠的卵巢、子宫、肝脏、肾和脾的重量,并对卵巢做石蜡切片观察.结果表明试验组大鼠的发情周期严重紊乱,卵巢呈多囊样病变,而对照组正常;对照组和试验组在肝重上差异极显著,且卵巢出现了异常的多卵母细胞卵泡现象. 相似文献
19.
本试验旨在研究6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA)对大鼠小肠缺血再灌注(I/R)损伤的保护作用。选取80只雄性SD大鼠,随机分为4组,即对照组、I/R模型组和低、高剂量6-BA组。低、高剂量6-BA组于术前3周分别连续灌胃10、20mg/kg的6-BA,对照组和I/R模型组灌胃同体积的生理盐水,每天1次。对照组在暴露肠系膜上动脉后不做阻断;I/R模型组和低、高剂量6-BA组阻断肠系膜血管30min后再灌注60min。随后取大鼠空肠组织分别进行总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量检测;采用单细胞凝胶电泳法检测细胞DNA损伤程度,采用免疫组化法检测半胱氨酸天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶3(Caspase-3)表达情况。结果显示,与I/R模型组相比,补充10、20 mg/kg的6-BA后,T-SOD、GSH-Px活性显著升高(P0.05),MDA含量显著降低(P0.05);小肠细胞DNA的拖尾现象好转,尾部DNA含量和拖尾率都显著低于I/R模型组(P0.05);Caspase-3阳性表达细胞数量显著减少(P0.05)。由此可见,10、20 mg/kg的6-BA能有效防护I/R对小肠的损伤,且20mg/kg的6-BA作用效果尤为明显。 相似文献
20.
Marzo F Milagro FI Urdaneta E Barrenetxe J Ibañez FC 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2011,95(5):591-598
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of raw and extruded kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Pinto) consumption on the gut physiology of young growing rats. The intestinal enzyme activity (sucrase, maltase, Na(+) /K(+) ATPase, aminopeptidase N, dipeptidylpeptidase IV, alkaline phosphatase) and the uptake of sugar (d-galactose) and amino acids (l-leucine) were measured in brush border membrane vesicles. Five groups of growing male Wistar rats were fed ad libitum for 15 days on five different 10% protein diets: one containing casein as the main source of protein (Control, C), and four containing raw (RKB1, RKB6) or extruded kidney bean (EKB1, EKB6) at 1% and 6% of total protein content respectively. Extrusion treatment significantly reduced the content of bioactive factors (phytates, tannins) and abolished lectins, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and α-amylase inhibitory activities. Rats fed raw beans (especially RKB6) showed lower growth rate and food intake as compared to those fed extruded legumes, probably due to the high levels of lectins and other anti-nutritive factors in the raw beans. Gut enzymatic activities and uptake of d-galactose and l-leucine were lower in RKB6 and RKB1-fed animals, although they significantly improved in the groups fed extruded beans. Enzymatic activity and uptake in EKB1 were similar to those of casein-fed rats, whereas the uptake and growth rate of EKB6 were different to the control. This is attributable to the higher non-thermolabile biofactor content in the EKB6 diet, especially phytates and tannins, than in EKB1. This article shows the dose-dependent toxicological effects of bioactive factors contained in kidney beans on gut function. The extrusion process reduced their adverse impact on gut physiology and growth rate. 相似文献