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1.
《分子植物育种》2021,19(19):6396-6405
转录因子也称为反式作用因子,是能够与真核基因启动子区域中顺式作用元件发生特异性相互作用的DNA结合蛋白,通过它们之间以及与其他相关蛋白之间的相互作用,激活或抑制转录。NAC(NAM, ATAF1/ATAF2和CUC2)转录因子家族是植物特异的转录因子超家族之一,由保守的N端结构域和高度可变的C端转录激活域组成。广泛参与植物生命活动中的基因表达调控,在植物的生长发育,如胚胎发育、次生生长、果实成熟、衰老及细胞死亡等植物生命历程,以及胁迫应答等方面具有重要作用。本综述旨在总结NAC转录因子在果树生长发育以及胁迫响应中的生物学功能研究进展,以期为相关研究领域更高效地将NAC转录因子应用于果树的遗传改良和育种提供参考。 相似文献
2.
NAC转录因子是特异存在于植物中具有多种生物功能的新型转录因子,其家族成员N端含有保守氨基酸序列,C端为高度变异的转录激活区。本项研究以南瓜叶片为材料,根据甘蓝型油菜NAC1、番茄NAC、辣椒NAC保守结构域设计一对简并引物,采用RT-PCR方法扩增得出长度约为440 bp大小的DNA片段,将其克隆至pMDl9-T载体上,而后对重组克隆进行测序,用BLAST和DNAMAN软件对核酸及氨基酸序列进行分析,结果表明所获得的南瓜NAC基因片段由442个碱基组成,编码147个氨基酸,命名为CmNAC。该基因片段具有其他植物NAC基因中存在的保守区,并且属于NAC家族中ATAF1/2亚家族。 相似文献
3.
巴西橡胶树NAC转录因子HbNAC1基因的克隆及生物信息学分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为了研究植物特有的NAC(NAM,ATAF1/2和CUC2)转录因子在巴西橡胶树生长发育、胁迫应答和激素调节中的功能,对巴西橡胶树NAC转录因子进行了克隆和分析。根据橡胶树胶乳cDNA文库中筛选到的NAC EST序列,利用RACE-PCR技术克隆了橡胶树HbNAC1的cDNA序列。生物信息学分析显示HbNAC1基因开放阅读框(ORF)为891 bp,编码了一个296个氨基酸组成的中性不稳定水溶性蛋白,该蛋白的N-端具有保守的NAC结构域,C-端高度变异,具备了NAC转录因子的基本特征。HbNAC1定位在细胞核中,具有3个糖基化位点和21个磷酸化位点,三级结构由3个α-螺旋和9个β-折叠组成。序列比对和系统进化分析显示HbNAC1蛋白属于NAC转录因子家族中的ANAC011亚族,推测其可能作为一种氨基酸合成相关的调节酶参与调控植物的免疫反应。 相似文献
4.
《分子植物育种》2021,(13)
ATAF1蛋白是NAC转录因子家族的成员,在植物发育过程以及胁迫应答中有着重要的调控作用。在本研究中,利用cDNA末端的快速扩增技术,从毛果杨中克隆了一个ATAF1同源基因的全长cDNA,并将相应的基因命名为PtATAF1-1。生物信息学分析表明,Pt ATAF1-1全长cDNA序列为1 242 bp,由3个外显子和2个内含子组成,编码区长873 bp。氨基酸序列多重比对分析表明,PtATAF1-1蛋白质中具有NAC家族保守的NAM结构域;杨树原生质体瞬时表达Pt ATAF1-1显示其定位在细胞核中。此外,在细菌鞭毛蛋白N端保守区域(Flg22)和脱落酸(ABA)处理下,PtATAF1-1基因的表达水平诱导发生变化。本研究对PtATAF1-1基因的同源克隆与功能分析,为深入开展ATAF1基因在杨树中的功能提供了参考依据。 相似文献
5.
NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, CUC2)转录因子作为一类新型转录因子已成为非生物胁迫基因工程领域的研究热点。本研究以野生大豆(Glycine soja)为材料,利用酵母单杂交的方法筛选到一个能够与MYB1AT元件(核心序列为AAACCA)结合的转录因子基因,该基因与大豆NAC20 (EU440353.1)基因具有99%的相似性,命名为GsNAC20。GsNAC20蛋白含有典型的NAC结构域和转录激活区。酵母试验表明,GsNAC20转录因子能够与耐逆相关顺式元件MYB1AT特异结合,但不具有自激活功能。细胞定位分析证明该基因位于细胞核中,符合转录因子的特征。GsNAC20能够响应高盐、干旱和低温胁迫,并且在根和叶中具有不同的表达模式。超量表达GsNAC20基因的拟南芥对盐胁迫的敏感性提高。以上结果表明GsNAC20参与植物非生物胁迫反应过程,该基因在非生物胁迫基因工程研究领域具有良好的理论研究和实际应用价值。 相似文献
6.
花生NAC转录因子AhNAC2和AhNAC3的克隆及转录特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
NAC转录因子是特异存在于植物中具有多种生物功能的新型转录因子。本实验从花生中克隆了2个NAC基因AhNAC2和AhNAC3(GenBank登录号EU755023和EU755022);蛋白序列分析表明,两者具有典型NAC转录因子特征,N端含有保守NAC结构域。半定量RT-PCR显示,在ABA和GA3处理,以及控水和低温条件下,AhNAC2和AhNAC3在花生组织中的表达上调,呈现不同的表达模式。AhNAC2和AhNAC3为典型的NAC转录因子新基因,蛋白序列与拟南芥RD26同源性较高,推测与响应干旱和ABA信号有关。 相似文献
7.
NAC蛋白是植物特有的转录因子大家族,作用于植物生长发育和逆境胁迫响应,本研究基于蓖麻全基因组数据,利用生物信息学分析方法对蓖麻NAC转录因子家族成员、系统发育、编码蛋白的结构和理化性质进行分析。蓖麻NAC转录因子家族包括91个成员,分为14个亚族,其中蓖麻NAC转录因子Ⅻ亚族和Ⅻ亚族为蓖麻特有NAC蛋白;基因结构分析显示内含子数量为2~5个,Ⅻ亚族中12个成员缺少内含子;蛋白结构域分析显示Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ四个亚族蛋白质序列5个结构域(Motif)保守性较强,motif 2几乎存在所有蓖麻NAC蛋白中;与拟南芥105个NAC成员构建系统发育进化树,蓖麻58个NAC蛋白分别聚类到38个OGs,NAC转录因子的40个OGs中蓖麻缺少OG3b和OG7f;理化性质和结构分析显示蓖麻NAC蛋白质绝大多数是亲水氨基酸,二级结构以无规则卷曲为主,三级结构大部分相似。蓖麻具有很强的抗逆境胁迫能力,本研究为蓖麻耐性相关的NAC转录因子调控机理研究提供了科学依据。 相似文献
8.
9.
干旱严重影响小麦的生长发育及产量,小麦抗旱育种是保障小麦生产的重要措施,利用基因工程技术提高小麦抗旱性是优于传统育种的有效途径。抗旱基因主要包括调节基因（蛋白激酶、蛋白酶和转录因子基因）和功能基因。目前,已证实的可提高小麦抗旱性的基因主要为转录因子基因CBF/DREB1、MYB、NAC（NAM、ATAF1、ATAF2和CUC2）、HD-Zip和WRKY等和功能基因LEA蛋白基因、甜菜碱合成酶基因和海藻糖合成酶基因等。本文从转录因子基因和功能基因2个方面概述国内外利用基因工程技术提高小麦抗旱性的研究进展,并对目前存在的问题进行分析,以期为小麦抗旱遗传改良及育种提供参考。 相似文献
10.
NAC蛋白是植物特异性转录因子家族中最大家族之一,参与植物生命过程中的基因表达调控,广泛存在于陆生植物中。NAC蛋白的结构决定了其对应的生物学功能。因此,对于NAC蛋白的结构研究有助于了解和阐述其在植物生长发育中生物学功能的多样性。本研究主要围绕结构和功能两方面进行综述:首先从NAC蛋白的起源、结构和分类角度出发来对NAC蛋白结构进行总结;其次就植物生长发育和对胁迫的应答反应两个方面概述其生物学功能,并评述了NAC蛋白的调控机制。同时,结合本课题组在烟草NAC蛋白方面的研究工作,对NAC转录因子在烟草中的研究进展进行概述。 相似文献
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
14.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
15.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
16.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
17.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
19.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献