共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
以破除休眠的狗尾草种子为材料,研究7个老化时间、相对湿度(20％、30％、50％、60％、80％)人工胁迫处理对种子萌发及幼苗胚芽鞘生长的影响.结果表明,在80％湿度条件,胁迫7、9、11、13d的种子萌发率逐渐降至0,表明增加胁迫时间抑制种子萌发.在80％湿度下胁迫4种时间的狗尾草种子萌发率变异系数、死亡率和休眠逐渐增高,胚根和胚芽鞘的长度均低于对照,表明种子出苗整齐程度和诱导进入次生休眠受高湿条件的影响,80％湿度为种子萌发力衰退的临界湿度环境. 相似文献
3.
赤皮青冈种子质量与萌发特性研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了缩短种子发芽时间,提高种子发芽率,研究其内果皮、种皮、硫脲以及不同浓度的赤霉素对种子萌发的影响,以赤皮青冈种子为材料,测定种子的质量指标,掌握该种子的基本特性。结果表明：（1）赤皮青冈种子呈现卵状圆柱形,坚果,内果皮光滑,颜色为褐色或亮棕色。整个种子无胚乳结构,去掉种皮后是一个团状胚的结构。种子长(1.82±0.35) cm,种子宽(1.35±0.08) cm,种脐宽(0.76±0.36) cm,壳斗宽(1.61±0.18) cm,壳斗内径(1.60±0.09) cm,壳斗高(0.698±0.102) cm,百粒重为(150.1±40.95) g,鲜种子含水率在40%左右,未经贮藏种子发芽率为44.2%,发芽时间达68天。（2）同时,去掉内果皮和种皮,种子萌发所需时间最短,发芽率达66.5%;4%硫脲液浸泡处理,种子的露白和萌发时间也较短,发芽率为56.5%;200 mg/kg、600 mg/kg浓度的GA3 2组处理,种子的发芽率分别为34.0%、45.8%,说明600 mg/kg的浓度处理效果较佳。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
5种贵州特有山茶的种子繁殖试验研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对贵州特有的5种野生山茶植物种子繁殖试验进行了研究.采回的种子分别采用蛭石贮藏和湿润砂藏150 d,蛭石和湿润砂贮藏种子的完好保存率分别是64.0%和86.1%.小黄花茶(Camellia luteoflora)、狭叶瘤果茶(C.neriifotia)、美丽红山茶(C.delicata)、长柱红山茶(C.longistylla)和四球茶(C.tetrecocea)的种子繁殖出苗率分别为30.5%、53.0%、70.0%、70.O%和83.5%,其出苗率与萌芽率的比值分别是51.7%、83.8%、89.7%、87.5%和90.2%.种子萌发与温度和空气湿度有关,但种间无明显差异,成熟种子在5～22℃,≥60%相对湿度的暗光或无光条件下30d均开始发芽,其种子萌发的最适宜气温为(17±1)℃,最适宜的相对温度为80±5%.适时采种和有效控制种子萌发与出苗的温湿度,解决好种子出苗整齐,培育壮苗的关键技术,在物种保育和生产应用上有着重要意义. 相似文献
7.
研究了山血丹果实和种子形态及不同温度、播种基质、GA3和ABA、种子的脱水、室温贮藏对种子萌发的影响.结果表明:种子百粒鲜重为6.34～6.95 g,含水量为51.87％ ～ 52.97％.新鲜种子在15、20、25、30℃条件下均能萌发,温度在25℃和30℃时,萌发率达到92％.在播种深度为3 cm的黄土、蛭石、棕糠、珍珠岩4种基质中,黄土的出苗率最高,其次为棕糠和珍珠岩,而蛭石则几乎不出苗.30～ 90 mg/L的GA3和10～ 60 mg/L ABA对室温贮藏60d的成熟种子的萌发无显著影响.种子经硅胶脱水1 ～3d后,含水量由52％降至18％,其发芽率、发芽指数均有不同程度的降低,常温储藏3、5、12个月后,发芽率显著降低,表明它是一种顽拗性种子. 相似文献
8.
9.
花木蓝是一种优良的观赏植物,为了解花木蓝种子性状特征和萌发特性,研究种子形态特点及其不同的贮藏条件、温度、光照、盐度、干旱程度、酸碱度等因子对其种子萌发的影响。结果表明,不同采集地点的果实和种子性状存在一定差异,采于哈尔滨师范大学的种子性状较优良,其长度、宽度和千粒重分别为4.87 mm、3.63 mm、36.03 g。冷冻贮藏8年的种子各项发芽指标与当年采收种子差异不显著,常温贮藏5年的种子活力显著降低。光照对花木蓝种子发芽率影响不显著;其种子的萌发温幅较宽,最适萌发温度为25℃,发芽率为84%。低浓度的干旱胁迫和盐胁迫处理下花木蓝种子均可萌发,且对其幼苗生长有一定促进作用。花木蓝种子和幼苗酸碱耐受范围较广,与种子相比其幼苗耐碱性胁迫的能力更强。研究表明,花木蓝种子属于光不敏感种子,冷冻贮藏可明显延长种子寿命,种子和幼苗具有较宽的环境适生范围,并且具备一定的耐盐、耐酸碱和抗旱能力。 相似文献
10.
种子的萌发除了与自身的生理结构、萌发时外界条件有关外,不同的贮藏条件和时间处理对种子萌发也有影响.本实验以无瓣海桑种子为研究对象,通过无瓣海桑种子的基本特征及不同贮藏环境(常温、常温干燥、-4℃、-70℃分别对应Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ)和时间(15,30,45,60,90 d)下其种子萌发特性的分析发现:径级对无瓣海桑的果重和种子的粒数均有显著影响;低温处理可显著缩短种子的萌发时间,同时有助于保持无瓣海桑的种子活性;无瓣海桑种子的活力会随着贮藏时间的增加而下降,因此不适宜长期贮藏,但短期贮藏时低温干燥贮藏可较好地保持其种子活力. 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
13.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
14.
Richard N. Lester 《Euphytica》1989,44(1-2):125-132
Summary An hypothesis is developed that the rapid change from wild plants into domesticated crops principally involves the selection of alleles with non-functional gene products which leads to reduced control of the highly integrated metabolism and morphogenesis previously accumulated by lengthy natural selection. Such disturbance of the genome produces altered physiological and morphological development which, although deleterious in nature, serves mankind better and has been selected. 相似文献
15.
B. Julier P. Guy C. Castillo-Acuna G. Caubel C. Ecalle M. Esquibet V. Furstoss C. Huyghe C. Lavaud A. Porcheron P. Pracros G. Raynal 《Euphytica》1996,91(2):241-250
Summary Twenty-five lucerne populations of the Medicago sativa complex, which were either diploid or tetraploid and wild or cultivated, were analysed for their resistance to four different fungal diseases and to stem nematode. Forage quality, including stem digestibility and saponin content, was also tested.Populations varied in susceptibility to the diseases caused by Colletotrichum trifolii, Verticillium albo-atrum, Sclerotinia trifoliorum and Pseudopezizza medicaginis, and to the nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci. Except for Sclerotinia rot, sativa and falcata subspecies differed in susceptibility, but this grouping of populations did not account for the full range of variation among them. However, the resistance to P. medicaginis was much lower in the sativa than in the falcata populations.Populations also varied significantly in stem fiber content and digestibility. Stem digestibility was negatively correlated to forage yield. Wild sativa and falcata populations had lower fiber content and higher digestibility than cultivated sativa populations. The medicagenic acid was the sapogenin responsible for the anti-nutritional effect of the lucerne measured by the yellow mealworm larvae Tenebrio molitor. The medicagenic acid content was lowest for the pure sativa populations, highest for the pure falcata populations, and intermediate for the French sativa varieties that have some traits originating from falcata germplasm. Some populations could be used in breeding programs to improve disease and nematode resistance, and forage quality. 相似文献
16.
In order to explore the pharmacological effects of active components of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on the central nervous system,through consulting related literatures,... 相似文献
17.
[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Pb on rhizosphere soil enzyme activity and chemical constituents of Achyranthes bidentat... 相似文献
18.
不同P-Zn配比对小麦幼苗微量元素营养的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用了螯合-缓冲营养液培养方法对小麦进行了苗期培养试验,在3个P水平(0,0.6,3.0 mmol/L)和3个Zn水平(0,3,30 μmol/L)的完全组合下对小麦苗期生长及Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养进行了研究,旨在为小麦微肥施用提供理论依据.结果表明,P、Zn的正常供应促进了小麦生长,二者的缺乏与过量均会抑制小麦发育,且这种影响在冠部表现得更为明显.在小麦苗期,Zn与Cu的吸收存在明显的拮抗作用,但供Zn则促进了Zn和Cu的转运,而Mn转运则受到了抑制;过量供Zn时,大量Zn被转运到冠部,同时明显抑制了(Fe+Cu+Mn)的吸收总量;P的供应显著地抑制了Fe的吸收,但P的供应提高了Zn、Cu、Mn的转运率;P、Zn在对Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn间吸收竞争的影响中,Zn本身的影响要比P的影响更为明显,供Zn明显促进了小麦幼苗对Zn的吸收;在小麦幼苗冠部,Zn与Fe的竞争中,供P利于Zn的吸收,缺P则利于Fe的吸收;而Zn与Cu以及Zn与Mn间的竞争中,缺磷时利于Zn的吸收,供磷后则利于Cu和Mn的吸收.总之,小麦幼苗Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养中,P、Zn的不同配比会不同程度地改变Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn的协同或拮抗效应. 相似文献
19.
Summary
Glycine tabacina (Labill.) Benth. is a wild perennial species related to the cultivated soybean, G. max (L.) Merr. It is composed of diploid (2n=40) and tetraploid (2n=80) cytotypes. Currently, to differentiate the cytotypes, plants are grown out in the greenhouse and chromosome counts made on pollen mother cells. It is a laborious and time consuming process. The objective of this study was to determine whether electrophoretic techniques could be utilized to separate the cytotypes. Electrophoretic examination of seven isozyme systems from seed of 67 G. tabacina accessions revealed banding patterns that could be used to differentiate between diploid and tetraploid cytotypes in the species. Among the tetraploid accessions, the number of bands observed were always greater than the diploids. Some tetraploid banding patterns consisted of bands similar to the diploid tabacina and/or additional bands previously identified in other Glycine species. The patterns of isozyme multiplicity and variation in the tetraploid tabacinas suggests more than one mode of origin for the tetraploids. 相似文献
20.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献