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1.
欧俊 《种子》2017,(4):6-8
研究了空心莲子草不同部位、不同浓度水浸液对黄瓜种子萌发、幼苗生长及幼苗根系细胞膜透性的影响.结果表明,与对照相比,空心莲子草根、茎、叶水浸液对黄瓜种子萌发及幼苗生长均表现出相同的趋势,即随着水浸液浓度的增加,黄瓜种子的发芽率、幼苗根长和苗长所受的抑制作用增强;而黄瓜幼苗根系细胞膜透性即相对电导率和丙二醛含量均呈递增的趋势;在相同浓度下,黄瓜种子萌发、幼苗生长及根系细胞膜透性对空心莲子草叶水浸液最敏感,茎次之,根最弱.  相似文献   

2.
唐雪松 《种子》2013,32(2):36-37,41
以草坪草红三叶为受体,初步研究了水花生不同部位(根、茎、叶)、不同浓度(0、10、20、30、40 g/L和50 g/L)的水浸液对其的化感作用。结果表明:与对照相比,所有部位的水花生水浸液对红三叶的发芽率及幼苗生长(根长和苗长)均表现出相同的趋势,即随着水浸液浓度的增加,三者所受的抑制作用也有所增强;而在同一浓度下,水花生水浸液对红三叶种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响强度顺序均为茎>叶>根。  相似文献   

3.
水花生不同部位水浸液对黑麦草种子的化感作用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
李淑梅  王付娟 《种子》2016,(6):96-98
用室内生物测定的方法研究水花生根、茎、叶等不同部位、梯度浓度(0,5,10,20,30,40g/L和50g/L)的水浸液对黑麦草种子的化感作用,结果表明:与对照相比,水花生根、茎、叶的水浸液对黑麦草种子的发芽率及幼苗生长(根长和苗长)均表现出相同趋势,且抑制作用随着水浸液浓度的增加而增强;在相同浓度下,不同部位的水花生水浸液对黑麦草种子的萌发、幼苗的生长和生物量的抑制作用表现趋势相同,为茎＞叶＞根.  相似文献   

4.
水花生不同部位水浸液对苜蓿种子萌发的影响   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
以苜蓿种子为受体,初步研究了水花生不同部位(根、茎、叶)、不同浓度(0、10、20、30、40 g/L和50 g/L)的水漫液的化感作用.结果表明:与对照相比,所有部位的水花生水浸液对苜蓿种子的发芽率及幼苗生长(根长和苗长)均表现出相同的趋势,即随着水浸液浓度的增加,三者所受的抑制作用也有所增强;而在同一浓度下,水花生水浸液对苜蓿种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响强度顺序均为叶＞茎＞根.  相似文献   

5.
水花生不同部位水浸液对豇豆种子萌发的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
以豇豆种子为受体,初步研究了水花生不同部位(根、茎、叶)、不同浓度(0、10、20、30、40 g/L和50 g/L)的水浸液的化感作用.结果表明:与对照相比,所有部位的水花生水浸液对豇豆种子的发芽率及幼苗生长(根长和苗长)均表现出相同的趋势,即随着水浸液浓度的增加,三者所受的抑制作用也有所增强;而在同一浓度下,水花生水浸液对豇豆种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响强度顺序均为茎和叶＞根.  相似文献   

6.
水花生不同部位水浸液对草坪草高羊茅种子萌发的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
李龙秀 《种子》2012,31(12):85-86
以草坪草高羊茅种子作为受体,初步研究了水花生不同部位(根、茎、叶)、不同浓度(0、10、20、30、40、50 g/L)水浸液对其的化感作用。结果表明:与对照相比,所有部位的水花生水浸液对高羊茅种子的发芽率及幼苗生长(根长和苗长)均表现出相同的趋势,即随着水浸液浓度的增加,三者所受的抑制作用也有所增强;而在同一浓度下,水花生水浸液对高羊茅种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响强度顺序为叶>茎>根。  相似文献   

7.
小麦秸秆不同部位水浸液对牛筋草的化感作用研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
通过室内生物测定法研究了小麦秸秆的不同部位（根、茎、穗）不同浓度水浸液（6.25,12.5,25,50,100mg?mL-1）对牛筋草种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感作用,结果表明：小麦秸秆根、茎、穗部水浸液对牛筋草种子的萌发均具有抑制作用,随着浓度的升高,牛筋草发芽率逐渐降低,发芽指数逐渐减少,以最高浓度100mg?mL-1水浸液抑制作用最强,不同部位水浸液处理的牛筋草发芽率依次为对照（84.5%）＞根（71.3%）＞茎（68.7%）＞穗（58.7%）,发芽指数依次为对照（18.39）＞根（12.82）＞茎（6.77）＞穗（6.07）。根部水浸液对牛筋草苗高无显著影响,茎、穗部水浸液只有在最高浓度处理下显著抑制其幼苗高度,但是对根部生长均表现出“低促高抑”作用,当根、茎、穗部水浸液浓度为6.25mg?mL-1时,牛筋草根长分别比对照增加17.1%,17.8%及6.6%,而当其浓度为100mg?mL-1时,牛筋草根长分别比对照降低25.6%、31.6%及95.6%。通过拟合剂量-效应曲线得到小麦秸秆根、茎及穗部水浸液对牛筋草根部生长的半数效应浓度EC50值分别为219.182,157.545及41.007mg?mL-1  相似文献   

8.
扁穗牛鞭草浸出液对豆科牧草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  
以扁穗牛鞭草根1.5 g、茎1.5 g、叶1.5 g、根1 g及根0.5g的浸出液为处理液1～5,分别对紫云英、紫花苜蓿种子进行处理,测定种子发芽势、发芽率、畸化苗率、幼苗和根系生长情况,对不同处理进行多重比较,结果说明:扁穗牛鞭草根、茎、叶浸出液对供试种子萌发都有一定的化感作用,使发芽率有不同程度的降低,不同器官的浸出液作用不同,同一器官不同浓度的作用不同,同一器官同一浓度对不同豆科牧草种子的作用也不同.扁穗牛鞭草对豆科牧草种苗的生长、发育有化感作用,但不同处理表现出促进与抑制两种作用,同一处理在不同豆科上的作用也不一致;多重比较说明,不同处理之间对紫云英和紫花苜蓿株高、根系长、根总长的作用差异极显著(P＜0.01),对侧根数作用的差异不大.  相似文献   

9.
以外来入侵种凤眼莲为供体植物,通过测定其根、茎、叶和花的水浸提液对湿地观赏植物黄菖蒲种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,探讨凤眼莲对湿地生态系统中其它水生植物的影响.结果表明,凤眼莲不同部位的水浸提液对黄菖蒲种子的萌发均有影响,随着水浸提液浓度的增加,种子萌发受到明显的抑制作用,发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数显著下降.在相同浓度下,不同部位凤眼莲的水浸提液对黄菖蒲种子萌发和生长抑制作用强度依次为花＞叶＞茎＞根.凤眼莲花水浸提液对黄菖蒲幼苗的生长具有抑制作用,随着提取液浓度的增加,幼苗生长受到的抑制作用增加.研究结果表明,人工湿地构建中必须考虑植物之间的相互影响,尤其是入侵种的抑制效应,从而合理进行园林景观配置.  相似文献   

10.
以绿豆种子为受体,采用室内生测法,探讨黄花蒿不同部位水浸提液对绿豆种子的萌发率、幼苗生长及叶绿素含量的影响。结果表明:黄花蒿各部位(根、茎、叶)水浸提液随处理浓度增加,对绿豆的化感效应增强,对种子萌发的抑制强弱为:叶>茎>根,且随处理浓度升高,发芽率降低;对幼苗的根系生长表现为低浓度(20mg/mL根、茎水浸提液)促进,当浓度高达40mg/mL均有明显抑制作用;幼苗高度总体降低,最高降幅分别为46.29%,47.67%和56.48%;叶绿素a和叶绿素b的含量也不同程度减少。可见黄花蒿影响绿豆种子萌发及幼苗生长,因此大面积栽培黄花蒿或绿豆种植应考虑黄花蒿的化感效应。  相似文献   

11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans.  相似文献   

12.
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed.  相似文献   

13.
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol...  相似文献   

14.
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality.  相似文献   

15.
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination...  相似文献   

16.
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses.  相似文献   

17.
T. Visser  E. H. Oost 《Euphytica》1981,30(1):65-70
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed.  相似文献   

18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho...  相似文献   

19.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf 1) and recessive for the other (Rf 2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph 3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf 1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf 1and Rf 2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf 1, and 0.15 for Lf 1-Sph 3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph 3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf 1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph 3. Poor performance of lf 1- (and possibly lf 2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off).  相似文献   

20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques.  相似文献   

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