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随意抛弃动物尸体具有潜在疾病传播危险,一旦将携带人畜共患病病原体的动物尸体抛弃在垃圾桶、河道甚至居民区,将会严重危害人类的健康,即便是正常死亡的动物尸体也会对环境造成污染。现对动物尸体处理的现状、危害及对策浅谈如下： 相似文献
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构建社会主义和谐社会,离不开公共卫生的安全.病死害动物尸体,具有潜在的疾病传播危险,一旦将携带人畜共患病病原体的动物尸体抛弃,将会严重危害人类的健康、对环境造成污染.现就动物尸体危害及对策浅谈如下,以供同行商榷. 相似文献
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受传统的养殖方式的规模小,养殖技术水平不高、饲养管理不善、防疫意识不强等因素的影响,在养殖环节中极易造成动物患疫病死亡。这些中小型养殖场及家庭养殖户由于没有专门的病死动物尸体处理设施,将动物尸体随意抛弃在路旁河沟,甚至有的养殖户为了减少损失,低价抛售病死动物。这种处理病死动物尸体的方式不仅影响环境卫生,污染土壤水源空气,还会随着病死动物尸体的腐败腐烂,病毒细菌的扩散甚至由于环境的影响发生变异,造成新的动物疫源,给我国的畜牧业带来难以估计的损失,严重危害人畜健康,经济建设的健康发展。本文分析了养殖环节病死动物无害化处理的存在的问题,并对当前养殖环节病死动物无害化处理工作提出了建议。 相似文献
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近年来,各种动物疫病频频对人类构成威胁,影响公共卫生安全。一方面人们对病死畜禽肉的鉴别缺乏足够的知识,另一个主要原因是人们对病死动物尸体处理不规范造成的。当前,由于农村没有专门的病死动物尸体处理设施,有的养殖户动物死亡后将动物尸体随意抛弃,甚至有些养殖户为了减少损失,低价抛售病死动物。这种处理病死动物尸体的方式,一方面影响环境卫生,另一方面由于病毒细菌扩散甚至可能造成新的动物疫源。为此,将农村病死动物尸体统管起来,规范处理农村病死动物尸体,严厉打击各种经营病死畜禽的违法行为是各级政府和动物防疫监督部门工作的… 相似文献
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随着养殖业的发展,动物饲养量不断增加,产生大量病害动物尸体.动物尸体随意抛弃或无害化处理不彻底,均具有潜在的疾病传播危险,危害食品安全、环境安全、经济秩序,最重要的是可能会危及人类及动物的健康.针对这种情况,动物尸体的无害化处理就显得尤为重要. 相似文献
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随着畜禽养殖业的发展，特别是规模养殖户不断增多，动物饲养量不断增加，产生大量病害动物尸体。动物尸体随意抛弃或无害化处理不彻底，均具有潜在的疾病传播危险，危害食品安全、环境安全、经济秩序，最重要的是可能会危及人类及动物的健康。因此，对病死动物的无害化处理，是有效防控动物疫病和保障动物食品安全的重要措施。 相似文献
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《动物尸体法》(BODA,1982年239号法令,修正案)对密歇根州的动物尸体管理做出了规定。该法的目的为:保护人类和动物健康;降低疾病传播的风险;控制苍蝇、害虫和腐生动物的问题;保护地下水、地表水和空气质量。违反《动物尸体法》的个人将会被处以轻罪处罚:最低罚款300美元,或监禁30天,或两项并罚。三人或以上违反《动物尸体法》属重罪处罚:可判处一年监禁或高达2000美元的罚款,或 相似文献
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1 当前畜禽调运中存在的问题 1．1 调运户动物防疫意识不强 一是个别调运户未申领《动物防疫合格证》，没有动物防疫知识和相关法律法规知识．是违规调运的根源． 相似文献
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The number of donkeys and mules throughout the world is stable, and awareness of their use and concern for welfare, pain recognition and treatment are receiving increasing veterinary interest. Therefore, accurate information about anaesthesia and analgesia in donkeys and mules is important to ever more equine practitioners. Since donkeys are physiologically and pharmacologically different from horses, knowledge on species specific aspects of anaesthesia and analgesia are very important. Mules combine elements from both donkey and horse backgrounds, leading to great diversity in size, temperament and body type. Physiologically, they seem to resemble horses more than donkeys. This review highlights the current knowledge on various anaesthetic and analgesic approaches in donkeys and mules. There is still much information that is not available about donkeys; in many circumstances, the clinician must use available equine information to treat the patient, while monitoring carefully to observe for differences in response to therapy compared to the horse. 相似文献
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本文应用Ｆｏｒｔａｎａ—Ｍａｓｓｏｎ嗜银颗粒染色法研究了貉、蓝狐、银狐的胃及十二指肠内嗜银细胞的形态分布。结果表明：三种动物胃幽门腺中，嗜根细胞数量最多，呈锥状，嗜银颗粒较粗，密度大、染成深黑色。在胃底及胃贲门腺区、嗜银细胞数量少。在十二指肠部嗜银细胞呈蝌蚪形，嗜银颗粒细，呈黑褐色，密度较小。嗜银细胞的分布密度在三种动物中具有一定的差别。 相似文献
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The relation between the birth process and the condition of the newborn piglet and calf 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Fluxes of the anti-parasitic agents, [3H]-ivermectin, [3H]-selamectin and [3H]-moxidectin were studied across non-transfected and transfected canine kidney epithelial monolayers, MDCK II/wt, MDCK II-MDR1,
MDCK II-MRP1 and MDCK II-MRP2. All four lines surprisingly expressed significant levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), coded for
by MDR1, but MDCK II-MDR1 expressed increased levels compared to the other lines. MDCK II-MRP1 and MDCK II-MRP2 expressed
increased levels of MRP1 and MRP2 respectively. Fluxes of [3H]-ivermectin, [3H]-selamectin, [3H]-moxidectin, and the P-gp substrates, rhodamine-123 and DiOC2, were polarized in the basolateral-to-apical (secretory) direction across the four lines. Selected MRP inhibitors used in
relevant pharmacological concentrations did not block the secretory fluxes of either [3H]-ivermectin or [3H]-selamectin in either the non-transfected or MRP-transfected lines. In contrast, secretory fluxes of ivermectin and selamectin
were inhibited in all four lines by the P-gp inhibitor, verapamil. These data confirm that ivermectin and selamectin are substrates
for P-gp in four additional cell lines, but suggest that they are not significant substrates for MRP1 or MRP2 where there
is background expression of P-gp. Since this pattern of expression also pertains on the blood-brain barrier, it is unlikely
that MRP1 and MRP2 play a significant role in ivermectin and selamectin blood: brain distribution in vivo. 相似文献
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Ventilation and gas exchange were studied in healthy, adult horses and cows, two large species with different lung structures and different breathing patterns. The oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide output (VCO2), respiratory rate (fR), minute ventilation (VE), alveolar ventilation (VA), alveolar oxygen pressure (PAO2), and VE/VO2 ratio were higher in the cows, while the tidal volume (VT) and physiological dead space (VD) were larger in the horses. The arterial blood gases, alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference (PAO2-PaO2) and VD/VT ratio did not differ between the two species. The higher VO2 in the cows was most likely due to the energy cost of standing, and possibly to a higher cost of digestion. The higher VE, VA, VE/VO2 and PAO2 were most likely secondary to the increased VO2 and the slightly higher respiratory exchange ratio (R) in the cows. In contrast to hypotheses based on allometric equations, the PAO2 of horses and cows did not appear to differ from that of smaller mammals. The VD was larger than that predicted from allometric equations, and even though the VD/VT ratio (0.50) was lower than the previously reported values for horses and cows, it was significantly larger than the predicted weight-independent value of 0.36. Re-examination of the data used to derive the equation for VD raised questions as to the validity of this equation, and it is suggested that caution be exercised in the use of allometric equations for prediction. 相似文献
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20世纪80年代以来,我省一代杂交蚕种微粒子病发生经历了三个阶段(见图表1).第一阶段是1980～1995年,我省家蚕微粒子病处于低发期.从蚕种生产历史上看,这15年是我省蚕种生产发展最为迅速,蚕种生产量最大时期,尤其在九十年代初期全国家蚕微粒子病大暴发,"微防"形势不断恶化情况下,我省的微粒子病发生始终处于有效控制状态,最高年份毛种淘汰率仅为1.66%,"无毒率"高,蚕种质量稳居全国前茅.第二阶段1996～1999年,是我省家蚕微粒子病暴发期.年毛种淘汰率都在10%以上,1998年甚至高达15.48%,检验无毒蚕种比例急剧下降,全省没有一个"无毒"场,微粒子病在我省的流行呈"遍地开花"之势.第三个阶段为1999年以后,我省家蚕微粒子暴发的态势得到了基本控制,防治工作取得了阶段性成效.2000年我省蚕种生产淘汰率从1996～1999年平均12.17%下降到3.25%;2001年全省"无毒"比例已达71.04%,比1996-1999年的平均水平上升了15个百分点,重点产区"无毒"蚕种比例已达80%以上.这阶段我省形成了"三控一严"(即控制胚种传染、控制桑园虫害、控制环境污染和严格管理)家蚕微粒子病综合防治技术体系,全省建立了严格的预知检查体系,桑叶叶面消毒技术得到了大面积的推广应用. 相似文献