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1.
 【目的】在粗山羊草(Aegilops tauschii)中寻找新的抗叶锈病基因,为抗病育种提供新种质。【方法】本研究对抗小麦叶锈病的粗山羊草Y192和感小麦叶锈病的Y2272进行杂交,通过F2代抗叶锈性分离情况确定可能含有的抗叶锈基因数量,应用分离群体分组法（bulked segregation analysis,BSA）筛选D染色体上与抗叶锈性相关的SSR标记,用MapChart软件构建遗传连锁图谱。利用分子辅助鉴定和抗叶锈表型分析推测Y192可能含有的抗叶锈基因。【结果】在接菌04-5-192(THNT)的杂交后代中F1代表现抗病,F2代表现3:1的抗感分离,表明该基因为一个显性抗病基因,将该抗病基因暂命名为LrY192。筛选到的3个SSR标记Wmc245、Xgwm296和Xgwm261与该基因的遗传距离分别为4.1、18.9和26.2 cM。根据连锁标记在小麦微卫星图谱的位置,LrY192被定位在2D染色体上。【结论】综合分析基因所在的染色体位置及抗病特性,认为LrY192是一个新的抗小麦叶锈基因,获得的SSR标记Wmc245可用于分子辅助选择。  相似文献   

2.
Stripe rust is one of the most important wheat diseases worldwide. To identify new resistance genes is significant in wheat breeding. In this study, stripe rust resistance of a Chinese cultivar Shah 515 was tested with Chinese predominant races of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici in the seedling stage, and genetic analysis and simple sequence repeats (SSR) technique were used to identify the inheritance model of seedling stripe rust resistance in cultivar Shan 515 and to mark the sites of resistance gene(s) on chromosome. The genetic analysis indicated that the resistance of Shan 515 against Su 11-4 was conferred by a single dominant gene, which was temporarily designated as YrShan515. Using bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and SSR markers, 12 SSR markers (Xwmc335, Xwmc696, Xwmc476, Xbarc267, Xgwm333, Xwmc653, Xwmc396,Xgwm213, Xgwm112, Xgwm274, Xcfd22, Xgwm131, and Xwmc517) located on wheat chromosome 7BL were linked to YrShan515 with genetic distance ranging from 3 to 24 eM. Based on the previously published genetic map and Chinese Spring nulli-tetrasomic analysis, YrShan515 was located on wheat chromosome 7BL. Polymorphism of wheat cuitivars collected from Huanghuai wheat grown regions were screened with two markers, Xwmc653 and Xbarc267, and all of these wheat cultivars tested did not present the polymorphic bands as Shan 515 did. Therefore, it suggested that YrShan515 might be a allele of the available yellow rust resistance gene. The mapping of the new resistance gene in Shan 515 is useful for wheat breeding and diversification of resistance genes against stripe rust in commercial wheat cultivars in China.  相似文献   

3.
[目的]对高抗条锈病的簇毛麦易位系V9125-2进行研究,明确其抗病性遗传特点,并对其抗条锈病基因定位,为选育优质抗源材料提供依据.[方法]采用中国当前流行的7个条锈菌生理小种CYR29、CYR30、CYR31、CYR32、CYR33以及Su11-4、Su11-11对簇毛麦易位系V9125-2和铭贤169的杂交后代进行...  相似文献   

4.
Stripe rust is one of the most important diseases of wheat worldwide. Inheritance of stripe rust resistance and mapping of resistance gene with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are studied to formulate efficient strategies for breeding cultivars resistant to stripe rust. Zhongliang 88375, a common wheat line, is highly resistant to all three rusts of wheat in China. The gene conferring rust disease was deduced originating from Elytrigia intermedium. Genetic analysis of Zhongliang 88375 indicated that the resistance to PST race CYR31 was controlled by a single dominant gene, temporarily designated as Yr88375. To molecular map Yr88375, a F2 segregating population consisting of 163 individuals was constructed on the basis of the hybridization between Zhongliang 88375 and a susceptible wheat line Mingxian 169; 320 SSR primer pairs were used for analyzing the genetic linkage relation. Six SSR markers, Xgwm335, Xwmc289, Xwmc810, Xgdm116, Xbarc59, and Xwmc783, are linked to Yr88375 as they were all located on chromosome 5BL. Yr88375 was also located on that chromosome arm, closely linked to Xgdmll6 and Xwmc810 with genetic distances of 3.1 and 3.9 cM, respectively. The furthest marker Xwmc783 was 13.5 cM to Yr88375. Hence, pedigree analysis of Zhongliang 88375 combined with SSR markers supports the conclusion that the highly resistance gene Yr88375 derived from Elytrigia intermedium is a novel gene for resistance to stripe rust in wheat. It could play an important role in wheat breeding programs for stripe rust resistance.  相似文献   

5.
【目的】小麦品系西农1163-4高抗小麦叶锈、条锈和白粉病,综合农艺性状良好。明确该小麦品系中所含的抗叶锈病基因及遗传特点,找到与其紧密连锁的分子标记,有利于抗病基因利用和培育抗病新品种。【方法】将西农1163-4与感病品种Thatcher杂交,获得F1、F2代群体,利用中国叶锈菌优势小种THTT进行苗期抗性鉴定和抗性遗传分析;采用SSR技术对西农1163-4所携带的抗叶锈基因进行分子标记研究,共筛选了1 273对SSR引物。【结果】小麦品系西农1163-4对多个叶锈菌小种具有良好的抗病性,对THTT的抗性是由1个显性基因控制,该基因暂命名为LrXi。获得了与LrXi紧密连锁的3个微卫星分子标记Xbarc8、Xgwm582、Xwmc269和1个STS标记(ω-secali/Glu-B3),将LrXi定位于小麦1BL染色体上。距离最近的2个微卫星位点是Xgwm582、Xbarc8,与抗叶锈基因间的遗传距离分别为2.3 cM和3.2 cM。【结论】LrXi位于1BL染色体,抗叶锈表现不同于所有已知抗叶锈病基因,该基因的发现将有利于丰富中国抗叶锈病基因资源,为培育持久抗病品种奠定基础。  相似文献   

6.
小麦品系西农1163-4抗叶锈病基因的遗传分析和分子作图   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
【目的】小麦品系西农1163-4高抗小麦叶锈、条锈和白粉病,综合农艺性状良好。明确该小麦品系中所含的抗叶锈病基因及遗传特点,找到与其紧密连锁的分子标记,有利于抗病基因利用和培育抗病新品种。【方法】将西农1163-4与感病品种Thatcher杂交,获得F1、F2代群体,利用中国叶锈菌优势小种THTT进行苗期抗性鉴定和抗性遗传分析;采用SSR技术对西农1163-4所携带的抗叶锈基因进行分子标记研究,共筛选了1 273对SSR引物。【结果】小麦品系西农1163-4对多个叶锈菌小种具有良好的抗病性,对THTT的抗性是由1个显性基因控制,该基因暂命名为LrXi。获得了与LrXi紧密连锁的3个微卫星分子标记Xbarc8、Xgwm582、Xwmc269和1个STS标记(ω-secali/Glu-B3),将LrXi定位于小麦1BL染色体上。距离最近的2个微卫星位点是Xgwm582、Xbarc8,与抗叶锈基因间的遗传距离分别为2.3 cM和3.2 cM。【结论】LrXi位于1BL染色体,抗叶锈表现不同于所有已知抗叶锈病基因,该基因的发现将有利于丰富中国抗叶锈病基因资源,为培育持久抗病品种奠定基础。  相似文献   

7.
小麦条锈菌鉴别寄主Lee中抗性基因Yr7的微卫星标记   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  
【目的】对近等基因系Taichung29*6/Lee对条锈菌（PST）菌系CYR27的抗性谱进行遗传分析，并运用微卫星技术对近等基因系Taichung29*6/Lee中的抗条锈性基因进行标记。【方法】将Taichung29*6/Lee 与Taichung29杂交、自交和测交并对双亲及其杂交后代进行苗期抗性鉴定。采用SSR技术，利用抗性供体Lee中含有目的基因Yr7的小麦抗条锈病近等基因系Taichung29*6/Lee，选用Yr7所在的2B染色体上88 对和Yr22、Yr23所在4D、6D染色体上22对SSR引物，对供试的Taichung29*6/Lee、Taichung29和Lee基因组DNA进行PCR扩增和电泳分析。【结果】根据F2分离群体的抗感单株分离比例，确定Taichung29*6/Lee对CYR27菌系的抗性为1个显性基因，2B染色体上的Xgwms526引物扩增出多态性谱带为Xgwms526/212bp和Xgwms526/216bp，并证明其DNA片段位点与抗条锈基因Yr7存在遗传连锁关系；用标记Xgwms526扩增F2作图群体的单株DNA，在75株抗病单株中，有22株扩增出A型带（Xgwm526-212bp），51株扩增出H型带（Xgwm526-212bp和Xgwm526-216），2株扩增出B型带（Xgwm526-216）；在31株感病株中，有4株扩增出H型带，27株扩增出B型带。【结论】通过Map Manager QTX 17b软件计算，确定Xgwm526标记位点与Yr7基因位点的遗传距离为5.3cM，标准差为2.3，LOD值为18.4。该标记Xgwm526可作为Yr7基因的SSR标记利用。  相似文献   

8.
Loss of variety resistance to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis Westend f. sp. tritici) is an important factor causing massive periodical epidemic of rust in wheat production. Creation and development of new races of rust pathogen have led to serious crisis of resistance loss in widely planted varieties. This has quickened the search for new resistance resources.Molecular marker could facilitate the identification of the location of novel genes. A line A-3 with high resistance(immune) to currently epidemic yellow rust races (CY29, 31, 32) was screened out in offspring of Triticum aestivum ×Thinopyrum ponticum. Segregation in F2 and BC1 populations indicated that the resistance was controlled by two independent genes: one dominant and one recessive. SSR markers were employed to map the two resistant genes in the F2 and BC1 populations. A marker WMC477-167bp located on 2BS was linked to the dominant gene with genetic distance of 0.4 cM. Another marker WMC364-208bp located on 7BS was linked to the recessive-resistant gene with genetic distance of 5.8 cM. The two genes identified in this paper might be two novel stripe rust resistant genes, which were temporarily designated as YrTpl and YrTp2, respectively. The tightly linking markers facilitate transfer of the two resistant genes into the new varieties to control epidemic of yellow rust.  相似文献   

9.
小麦白粉病抗病新基因PmHNK的遗传分析和分子标记定位   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
 【目的】周98165对河南省当前流行白粉菌生理小种具有较好的抗性,并且综合农艺性状优良。明确其抗白粉病基因及遗传特性,筛选与其紧密连锁的分子标记,为抗白粉病育种提供抗源和理论支撑。【方法】将周 98165与中国春杂交、自交、测交,对双亲及其杂交后代进行苗期鉴定,用小麦白粉病菌08B1进行遗传分析,利用SSR、EST-SSR技术对双亲及抗感池进行筛选和电泳分析,并结合中国春缺四体材料进行染色体定位。【结果】周98165对3个白粉菌高毒力小种抗性良好,其抗病性受1对显性核基因控制,将该基因暂命名为PmHNK。筛选了与PmHNK 连锁的5个微卫星标记,在遗传图谱上的顺序为Xbarc77、Xgwm547、Xwmc326、Xgwm299、PmHNK、Xgwm108,Xgwm299和Xgwm108分别为PmHNK两侧距离最近的标记,图距分别为4.2 cM、5.6 cM,最远标记Xbarc77与PmHNK图距为10.6 cM,并将PmHNK 定位于3BL。【结论】抗病鉴定、遗传分析结合分子标记分析结果表明,PmHNK是一个白粉病抗病新基因。  相似文献   

10.
Take-all is a serious disease found in wheat across the world. Haynaldia villosa is considered to be resistant to take-all at a high level. TH3 was an amphiploid （2n =42, AABBVV） between Triticum durum and Haynaldia viUosa with significant resistance to take-all fungus isolated from China. In greenhouse experiment, the derivatives of the hybrid between wheat and TH3 showed better resistance to take-all than that of the wheat control. One of the derivatives named HW918-5 was selected for further analysis. Cytological and genomic in situ hybridization （GISH） analysis indicated that a monotelosome originated from H. villosa existed in the genome of the offspring of the line HW918-5. The monotelosome with promising resistant gene for take-all was located on the 3V chromosome of H. villosa in the further PCR-based molecular analysis.  相似文献   

11.
Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici （Pst）, is one of the most damaging diseases of common wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）. Wheat variety PIW138 introduced from Pakistan is resistant to the currently prevailing Pst race CYR32 in China. In this study, the bulked segregant analysis （BSA） method and simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers were used to map the stripe rust resistance gene in PIW138. The resistant and susceptible DNA bulks were prepared from the segregating F2 population of the cross between Thatcher, a susceptible variety as the female parent, and PIW138 as the male parent. The segregation of resistant and susceptible F2 plants inoculated with CYR32 indicated that single dominant gene determined the reactions of PIW138 line and temporarily designated as YrP138. Total 200 SSR primers were screened, and 4 SSR markers, Xwmc52, Xbarc61, Xgwm268, and Xgwm153, on chromosome 1B were found to be polymorphic between the resistant and the susceptible DNA bulks as well as their parents. Genetic linkage was tested on the segregating F2 population with 259 plants, including 196 resistant and 63 susceptible plants. All 4 SSR markers were linked to the stripe rust resistance gene in PIW138. The genetic distances of Xwmc52, Xbarc61, Xgwm268, and Xgwm153 to the resistance gene were 29.8, 6.2, 6.8, and 8.2 cM, respectively.  相似文献   

12.
CH223是一个衍生于中间偃麦草的多抗性小偃麦种质系,通过感病的小麦品种与八倍体小偃麦TAI7047杂交、回交选育而成。抗性鉴定表明,CH223对我国当前小麦条锈病的流行小种CYR32,CYR33均有良好抗性。利用CH223与感病品种(系)的F2,F2∶3和BC1抗性分离群体进行抗性遗传分析,发现其条锈病抗性来自中间偃麦草,且由1对显性基因控制,暂时命名为YrCH223。用CYR32对来自台长29×CH223的221个F2植株进行接种鉴定,并构建抗、感DNA池。共筛选738对SSR引物,发现5对共显性SSR标记与抗病基因连锁,位置顺序为:Xgwm540-Xbarc1096-YrCH223-Xwmc47-Xwmc310-Xgpw7272,遗传距离分别为21.9,8.0,7.2,12.5,11.3 cM。进一步利用中国春缺体-四体和双端体材料扩增鉴定,将YrCH223定位于小麦4B染色体的长臂上(4BL)。经F2∶3群体验证,5个标记与YrCH223连锁。迄今为止,在4BL上未发现有公开报道的抗小麦条锈病基因。因此,基于抗病基因所在的染色体位置与来源,推断YrCH223是一个新的抗条锈病基因。  相似文献   

13.
中国小麦品种兰天9号慢叶锈性QTL分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
【目的】由小麦叶锈菌（Puccinia triticina）引起的小麦叶锈病是影响小麦稳产、高产的一种重要真菌病害。目前防治小麦叶锈病最经济、安全、有效的方法是种植抗病品种。中国小麦品种兰天9号苗期对大多数叶锈菌小种表现感病,成株期对小麦叶锈菌则表现为明显的慢锈性。研究旨在分析中国小麦品种兰天9号的成株抗叶锈性,发掘其中含有的QTL,并利用分子标记进行定位,为小麦分子育种提供理论基础。【方法】利用抗病亲本兰天9号和感病亲本辉县红杂交获得到197个家系的F2:3群体,2011-2014年连续3年在河北保定种植,并利用3个叶锈菌生理小种混合菌种（THTT、THTS、THTQ）进行田间接菌,小麦成株期调查最终发病严重度,获得表型数据。利用1 232对SSR标记对兰天9号、辉县红以及F2:3群体进行基因检测,获得基因型数据。结合表型数据和基因型数据,利用Map Manager QTXb20创建连锁图、QTL Icimapping 3.2软件进行抗叶锈病QTL分析。【结果】检测到5个QTL,其中位于2B染色体上的QTL暂命名为QLr.hbau-2BS,在连续两年的数据结果中都被检测到,解释的遗传变异分别为6.0%和9.1%;标记区间分别为Xbarc55-Xgwm148和Xgwm429-Xwmc154;LOD值分别为2.6和3.46;加性效应分别为-6.1和-8.7;显性效应分别为3.03和3.4。1B染色体上1个QTL暂命名为QLr.hbau-1BL.2,连续两年被检测到,解释的遗传变异分别为7.7%和10.7%;标记区间为Xwmc766-Xbarc269;LOD值分别为2.5和3.1;加性效应分别为-1.0和-1.1;显性效应分别为-13.0和-14.9。其他3个QTL只在一个年份被检测到,1B染色体上暂命名为QLr.hbau-1BL.1、4B上暂命名为QLr.hbau-4BS、3A上暂命名为QLr.hbau-3A,均在2011-2012年度检测到,解释的遗传变异分别为11.7%、8.5%、5.6%;标记区间分别为Xbarc80-Xwmc728、Xgwm495-Xwmc652和Xgwm161-Xbarc86;LOD值分别为5.1、4.0和2.8;加性效应分别为6.5、-5.5和-3.1;显性效应分别为-6.5、6.2和6.6。QLr.hbau-1BL.1来源于感病亲本辉县红,其余4个QTL来源于兰天9号。【结论】结合田间表型数据和基因型数据,检测到位于1B、2B、3A、4B染色体上5个控制成株抗叶锈的QTL。  相似文献   

14.
Stripe rust is one of the most important diseases of wheat worldwide. Inheritance of stripe rust resistance and mapping of resistance gene with simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers are studied to formulate efficient strategies for breeding cultivars resistant to stripe rust. Zhongliang 88375, a common wheat line, is highly resistant to all three rusts of wheat in China. The gene conferring rust disease was deduced originating from Elytrigia intermedium. Genetic analysis of Zhongliang 88375 indicated that the resistance to PST race CYR31 was controlled by a single dominant gene, temporarily designated as Yr88375. To molecular map Yr88375, a F2 segregating population consisting of 163 individuals was constructed on the basis of the hybridization between Zhongliang 88375 and a susceptible wheat line Mingxian 169; 320 SSR primer pairs were used for analyzing the genetic linkage relation. Six SSR markers, Xgwm335, Xwmc289, Xwmc810, Xgdmll6, Xbarc59, and Xwmc783, are linked to Yr88375 as they were all located on chromosome 5BL Yr88375 was also located on that chromosome arm, closely linked to Xgdmll6 and Xwmc810 with genetic distances of 3.1 and 3.9 cM, respectively. The furthest marker Xwmc783 was 13.5 cM to Yr88375. Hence, pedigree analysis of Zhongliang 88375 combined with SSR markers supports the conclusion that the highly resistance gene Yr88375 derived from Elytrigia intermedium is a novel gene for resistance to stripe rust in wheat. It could play an important role in wheat breeding programs for stripe rust resistance.  相似文献   

15.
Stripe rust is a serious foliar disease posing a grave threat to wheat production worldwide. The most economical and environmentally friendly way to control this disease is to breed and deploy resistant cultivars. Zhongmai 175 is an elite winter wheat cultivar conferring resistance to a broad spectrum of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici(Pst) races. To identify the resistance gene in the cultivar, genetic analysis was conducted using the parents, F1, F2 and F2:3 populations derived from the cross of Lunxuan 987/Zhongmai 175. Segregations in the F2 and F2:3 populations indicated a single dominant gene conferring resistance to stripe rust in Zhongmai 175, temporarily designated Yr ZM175. Bulked segregant analysis(BSA) with wheat i Select 90 K SNP array determined a preliminary location of Yr ZM175. Subsequently, Yr ZM175 was mapped on chromosome 2AS using simple sequence repeats(SSR), expressed sequence tags(EST) and newly-developed kompetitive allele specific PCR(KASP) markers, being flanked by Xgwm636 and Xwmc382 at genetic distances of 4.9 and 8.1 c M, respectively. Comparison of reaction patterns of Yr ZM175 on 23 Pst races or isolates and pedigree analysis with other genes on chromosome 2AS suggested that it is likely to be a new gene for resistance to stripe rust. The resistance gene and linked molecular markers will be useful in wheat breeding targeting for the improvement of stripe rust resistance.  相似文献   

16.
用６ｘ小簇麦与８ｘ小偃麦进行杂交,获得杂种植株,对杂种Ｆ１的形态学、减数分裂行为进行分析的结果表明,杂种Ｆ１继承了双亲抗白粉病、条锈病的特性;减数分裂时期单价体明显偏多于理论值,在末期Ⅱ中存在大量微核。杂种Ｆ１雌配子有部分育性,可以通过与普通小麦的连续回交,在其后代中选择符合育种需要的着丝粒断裂－融合和小片段易位系。  相似文献   

17.
小麦条锈病和小麦白粉病是中国小麦的两大病害，由南京农业大学细胞遗传研究所培育的小麦-簇毛麦6VS／6AI。易位系高抗白粉病，并对中国当前新优势条锈菌生理小种表现高抗。用6VS／6AL易位系与中国不同小麦生产区的栽培品种宁春4号、扬麦5号、扬麦158、申32109、豫麦13、豫麦18等进行杂交，对其杂种后代进行田间抗条锈病和抗白粉病鉴定。从各杂交组合中均选出对白粉病和条锈病高抗的单株和株系，其抗病性在小麦不同遗传背景中可以正常表达。对从F3～F8代中选出的抗病材料进行根尖染色体C-分带和分子原位杂交鉴定，在所鉴定的高抗单株和株系中均含有一对或一条6VS／6AL易位染色体。  相似文献   

18.
Loss of variety resistance to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis Westend f. sp.tritici) is an important factor causing massive periodical epidemic of rust in wheat production. Creation and development of new races of rust pathogen have led to serious crisis of resistance loss in widely planted varieties. This has quickened the search for new resistance resources. Molecular marker could facilitate the identification of the location of novel genes. A line A-3 with high resistance (immune) to currently epidemic yellow rust races (CY29, 31, 32) was screened out in offspring of Triticum aestivum × Thinopyrum ponticum. Segregation in F2 and BC1 populations indicated that the resistance was controlled by two independent genes: one dominant and one recessive. SSR markers were employed to map the two resistant genes in the F2 and BC1 populations. A marker WMC477-167bp located on 2BS was linked to the dominant gene with genetic distance of 0.4 cM. Another marker WMC364-208 bp located on 7BS was linked to the recessive-resistant gene with genetic distance of 5.8 cM. The two genes identified in this paper might be two novel stripe rust resistant genes, which were temporarily designated as YrTp1 and YrTp2, respectively. The tightly linking markers facilitate transfer of the two resistant genes into the new varieties to control epidemic of yellow rust.  相似文献   

19.
Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a devastating disease that can cause severe yield losses. Identification and utilization of stripe rust resistance genes are essential for effective breeding against the disease. Wild emmer accession TZ-2, originally collected from Mount Hermon, Israel, confers near-immunity resistance against several prevailing Pst races in China. A set of 200 F6:7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between susceptible durum wheat cultivar Langdon and TZ-2 was used for stripe rust evaluation. Genetic analysis indicated that the stripe rust resistance of TZ-2 to Pst race CYR34 was controlled by a single dominant gene, temporarily designated YrTZ2. Through bulked segregant analysis (BSA) with SSR markers, YrTZ2 was located on chromosome arm 1BS flanked by Xwmc230 and Xgwm413 with genetic distance of 0.8 cM (distal) and 0.3 cM (proximal), respectively. By applying wheat 90K iSelect SNP genotyping assay, 11 polymorphic loci (consisting of 250 SNP markers) closely linked to YrTZ2 were identified. YrTZ2 was further delimited into a 0.8-cM genetic interval between SNP marker IWB19368 and SSR marker Xgwm413, and co-segregated with SNP marker IWB28744 (co-segregated with 28 SNP). Comparative genomics analyses revealed high level of collinearity between the YrTZ2 genomic region and the orthologous region of Aegilops tauschii 1DS. The genomic region between loci IWB19368 and IWB31649 harboring YrTZ2 is orthologous to a 24.5-Mb genomic region between AT1D0112 and AT1D0150, spanning 15 contigs on chromosome 1DS. The genetic and comparative maps of YrTZ2 provide a framework for map-based cloning and marker-assisted selection of YrTZ2.  相似文献   

20.
Haynaldia villosa (2n =2X = 14, VV), a relative of wheat, plays important roles in wheat improvement mainly owing to its disease resistance. Powdery mildew resistance gene Pm21 has been successfully transferred into wheat by Cytogenetie Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, China, and is widely used in the current wheat breeding programs. In this research, our objective is to further transfer and utilize the beneficial genes such as eye-spot resistance, yellow rust resistance, and gene of the tufted bristles on the glume ridge (a remarkable morphology) mapped on 2V of Haynaldia villosa. A disomic addition line with gametocidal chromosome 3C ofAegilops triuncialis added in Norin-26 was crossed to the wheat-H, villosa disomic substitution 2V(2D) and the hybrid F1 was then self-crossed. Chromosome C-banding, genomie in situ hybridization (GISH), and meiotic analysis in combination with molecular markers were applied to detect the chromosome variations derived from hybrids F2 and F3. To date, four translocations including one small segmental translocation T6BS.6BL-2VS, two whole arm translocations (preliminarily designed as T3DS·2VL and T2VS·7DL) and one intercalary translocation T2VS·2VL-W-2VL, one deletion Del. 2VS·2VL-, one monotelosomic Mt2VS, and one iso- chromosome 2VS·2VS line have been developed and characterized. One wheat SSR marker Xwmc25-120 tagging 2VS and one wheat STS marker NAU/STSBCD135-1 (2BL) tagging 2VL were successfully used to confirm the alien chromosome segments involved in the seven lines. The tufted bristles on the glume ridge appeared in lines T2VS·7DL, Mt2VS, 2VS·2VS as well as the parent DS2V(2D), whereas in T3DS·2VL, this trait did not appear. The gene controlling the tufted bristles was located on 2VS. Gametocidal chromosome 3C of Aegilops triuncialis could successfully induce chromosome 2V structural changes.  相似文献   

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