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1、农机法律法规。目前已经出台并生效的农机法律法规规章主要有：一是农机化法律。主要是《农机化促进法》,同时,还有涉及农机化内容的《农业法》、《农业技术推广法》、《道路交通安全法》、《产品质量法》、《消费者权益保护法》等国家法 相似文献
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（接上期）四、农机用户维权的法律依据
1．《中华人民共和国消费权益保护法》。
2．《中华人民共和国产品质量法》。
3．《中华人民共和国广告法》。
4．《农业机械产品修理、更换、退货责任规定》。
5．《中华人民共和国标准化法》。 相似文献
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某些供电企业在电力设施的新建、改建和维护中，由于对《电力法》、《森林法》等法律、法规的了解、重视不够，造成了一些不必要的麻烦，影响了工程进度。为此，笔者建议电力部门在今后的工作中应当注意以下几点。１新建、改建电力设施需砍伐林木，应当依法申请采伐许可证《电力设施保护条例》第二十四条第二款规定：“在依法划定的电力设施保护区内种植的或自然生长的可能危及电力设施安全的树木、竹子，电力企业应依法予以修剪或砍伐。”显然，电力法规并未授权电力部门有不经批准强行修剪或砍伐树木、竹子的权力。《森林法》第三十二条第… 相似文献
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《道路交通安全法》、《农业机械化促进法》的颁布实施,确立了农机部门的执法主体地位。农机部门依照主体法和《行政许可法》、《行政处罚法》、《国家赔偿法》、《行政复议 相似文献
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1996年，作为《电力法》颁布实施的配套法规，国务院颁布实施《电力供应与使用条例》(以下简称《条例》)。《条例》的实施在我国电力工业的法制化建设中发挥了重要作用，为促进我国电力工业的改革与发展提供了重要的法律保障。但是，由于受《条例》出台时经济历史背景的限制，《条例》不可避免地带有一些政企不分和经济转轨初期的烙印。在经过多年发展的今天， 相似文献
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用户在提起农机产品质量投诉时，面临的突出问题就是怎样找准对自己有利的法律根据。农机产品质量的归责问题，除了《农业机械产品修理更换退货责任规定》外，我国还有《产品质量法》、《合同法》、《消费者权益保护法》和《侵权责任法》等多部法律涉及到这一问题。 相似文献
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今年5月,在《道路交通安全法》正式施行之际。相继公布了国务院《道路交通安全法实施条例》和公安部《道路交通安全违法行为处理程序规定》。并且宣布1960年2月交通部发布的《机动车管理办法》、1988年3月国务院发布的《道路交通管理条例》、1991年9月国务院发布的《道路交通事故处理办法》以及1999年12月公安部发布的《交通违章处理程序规定》等4项法规同时废止。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
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Drainage needs to reclaim its rightful position as an indispensable element in the integrated management of land and water. An integrated approach to drainage can be developed by means of systematic mapping of the functions of natural resources systems (goods and services) and the values attributed to these functions by people. This mapping allows the exploration of the implications of particular drainage interventions. In that sense an analytical tool for understanding a drainage situation is proposed. The process dimension of the functions and values evaluation and assessment is participatory planning, modelled on co-management approaches to natural resources management. This provides a framework for discussion and negotiation of trade-offs related to the different functions and values related to drainage. In that sense the approach is a communication, planning and decision-making tool. The tool is called DRAINFRAME, which stands for Drainage Integrated Analytical Framework. The implementation of an integrated approach posits challenges for the governance, management and finance of drainage, as well as for research and design of drainage infrastructure and operation. Both have to be rethought from the perspective of multi-functionality. The paper concludes with five main policy messages. 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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Tomas Persson Axel Garcia y Garcia Joel Paz Jim Jones Gerrit Hoogenboom 《Agricultural Systems》2009,100(1-3):11-21
Ethanol from various plant resources, especially maize, is increasingly being used as a substitute for fossil fuels. The production potential of ethanol from maize varies with weather and climatic conditions and crop management practices. The merits and prospects of ethanol production have been evaluated based on its impact on greenhouse gas emissions, economic viability and national energy security. The net energy value (NEV), i.e. the output energy after all non-renewable energy inputs have been accounted for, is a measure of energy gain. At the same time, the NEV can be an indicator for the long-term sustainability of bio-ethanol production, regardless of other conditions e.g. climate change scenarios, global trade restrictions, or local variability in natural resources such as water availability. Crop management practices directly affect the NEV of ethanol. Moreover, both crop management practices and climate variability affect the NEV through the grain yield. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of crop management practices and climate variability on grain yield of maize for ethanol production and ethanol NEV for conditions that represent the southeastern USA. Maize grain yield was simulated with the dynamic crop growth model CSM–CERES–Maize and ethanol NEV was calculated using the simulated yield levels and crop management practices. The simulations were conducted for conditions representing Mitchell County, Georgia, USA, using weather data from 1939 to 2006 and local soil profile information. The impact of irrigation, nitrogen fertilizer, planting date and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phases were determined for the maize cultivars DeKalb DKC 61-72 (RR2), Pioneer 31D58 and Pioneer 31G98. Crop management practices and ENSO phase had a significant impact on ethanol feedstock production and NEV. The NEV of ethanol produced from irrigated maize was more than two times higher and varied less than the NEV of ethanol from rainfed maize. NEV of ethanol produced from maize grown during La Niña years was significantly higher than maize grown during El Niño years, both under rainfed and irrigated conditions. This study showed the importance of crop management practices and climate variability on ethanol feedstock productivity and long-term energy sustainability as assessed by the NEV. We discuss methods of implementing the findings of this study in practical farming e.g. through market mechanisms and governmental initiatives. 相似文献
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借鉴SCADA系统结构,讨论了一种温室环境监控系统,系统采用CAN/1-Wire分级网络,布线方便,运行可靠;RTU以基于ARM CORTEX-M3核的STM32处理器为核心,外围模块丰富,数据处理能力强;HMI采用CAN TO USB模块,软件设计灵活,安装使用方便,同时给出了系统结构和实现关键细节。 相似文献
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M. G. Bos H. van den Bosch H. Diemont H. van Keulen J. Lahr G. Meijerink A. Verhagen 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》2007,21(1):1-15
The rural sustainability index is a scientifically based tool to quantify the performance of agriculture. The sustainability
of crop production is quantified from three perspectives; people, planet and profit. Within each perspective, one condition
was selected that must be met to warrant agriculture. These are: No hazardous work should be used within the crop production
chain; agricultural crops should not be grown on land allocated to nature by national law or regulations and, when a GM-crop
is present or is introduced in a region, it should not harm development opportunities of other farmers. If these excluding
conditions are met, the sustainability of agriculture is assessed through five performance indicators on school attendance,
water use and consumption, fertilizer use, pesticide use, and farm income. For each of the five indicators, critical values
and target values have been given that limit the transition range between non-sustainable and sustainable production. The
five indicators are combined into a sustainability index. The index aims at improving the socio-economic position of farmers
while protecting the environment.
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| M. G. BosEmail: |
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热风,远红外和微波干燥香菇,蘑菇方程研究 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
通过一系列干燥试验，得到热风、远红外和微波对香菇的干燥方程，其形式分别为ＭＲ＝Ｂｅ￣（－ｒｔ），ＭＲ＝Ｂｅ￣（－ｒｔ）（单项扩散模型）和ＭＲ＝ｅ（Ｐａｇｅ方程）；并与干燥蘑菇（切片）的方程比较，结果是：热风、微波干燥时方程形式一样，远红外干燥时则不同。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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品种选择是农作物生产的第1步,不同品种在生育期、抗病性、抗倒性、区域适应性等方面存在较大的差异。选择适合本地区种植条件的优良品种与种子对农业生产和农民增收至关重要。结合丹东地区的实际情况,阐述在玉米、水稻品种的优化选择上应把握的原则和注意的问题,并提出相应的解决措施。 相似文献