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1.
猪圆环病毒2型灭活疫苗的制备与免疫效力研究 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）经0.2%甲醛37℃作用一定时间后接种PK-15细胞,盲传3代,用PCR方法检测灭活效果。将灭活的PCV2加入适量的白油和氢氧化铝胶制成PCV2油佐剂和铝胶佐剂灭活疫苗,免疫小鼠,共免疫2次,时间间隔为3周,分别于一免后第21天和二免后第14天进行ELISA抗体检测。同时为了评价国产油佐剂和进口油佐剂的免疫效果,笔者进行了猪体免疫效力试验。通过ELISA抗体、攻毒后临床表现及体温变化、剖解时的病理变化、平均日增重及病毒血症等指标对疫苗免疫效果进行评价。结果如下：①PCV2能被0.2%甲醛完全灭活,灭活时间为16 h。②PCV2油佐剂和铝胶佐剂灭活疫苗免疫小鼠后均能产生较好的免疫应答,并且油佐剂灭活疫苗免疫效果好于铝胶佐剂灭活疫苗。③猪体免疫效力试验表明,两种油苗均能产生较高水平的ELISA抗体。攻毒后,攻毒对照猪的体温高于免疫猪,空白对照猪体温正常。免疫猪及空白对照猪平均体重均升高,而攻毒对照猪平均体重有所降低,且两个免疫组和空白对照组之间平均日增重差异显著（P〈0.05）。病毒血症检测及病毒DNA在组织中的分布检测表明两油苗均能够有效降低猪体的带毒。以上结果表明,PCV2灭活疫苗免疫小鼠和猪体后均能诱导机体产生免疫应答,并能够在一定程度上抵抗PCV2对猪体的感染。 相似文献
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采用培养后大肠杆菌菌液、大肠杆菌与矿物油佐剂及氢氧化铝佐剂分别制备免疫原。对兔间隔14 d皮下免疫注射2次,每只兔的免疫剂量为1 ml/kg。最后一次免疫注射后20 d,取兔血清进行凝集试验测其抗体效价。结果表明：加矿物油佐剂苗的抗体效价最高（1∶256）,不加佐剂苗的抗体效价次之（1∶128）,加入氢氧化铝佐剂苗的抗体效价最低（1∶64）。 相似文献
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为了评价猪链球菌病二联灭活苗的免疫效果,建立了检测该疫苗抗体的间接ELISA方法。以HRPSPA（酶标葡萄球菌蛋白A）作为第二抗体,疫苗菌株超声波破碎抗原为包被抗原。试验证明所建立的间接ELISA特异性好．比琼扩试验敏感200倍。用此方法检测了氢氧化铝胶、蜂胶、矿物油三种佐剂疫苗的抗体消长情况,铝胶苗抗体产生的时间比较早,抗体水平比较高,4～5周达到高峰,随后开始下降,二免后抗体水平迅速回升,120d时仍保持较高的效价（1：1000）;蜂胶苗和油佐剂苗抗体上升比较舒缓,持续时间长,7周后还能维持一定的抗体水平（1：400）。 相似文献
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肠毒素性大肠杆菌菌毛对产蛋鸡免疫性的研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
采用热抽提法提取4种肠毒素性大肠杆菌菌毛蛋白。K88、K99、F41和987p菌毛蛋白分别制成弗氏佐剂苗;K88还制成白油佐剂苗,氢氧化铝胶苗和蜂胶佐剂苗;另将4种菌毛等比例混合制成弗氏佐剂苗。分别对产蛋鸡进行免疫,用微量凝集反应和血凝抑制试验检测卵黄抗体效价。结果表明,K88菌毛较其他3种菌毛免疫性好,诱导抗体效价最高而且能长时间维持;987p菌毛能快速诱导抗体的产生,但整体效价低。K88不同佐剂苗中,铝胶佐剂能较快地诱导抗体的产生,蜂胶佐剂苗抗体持续时间短,弗氏佐剂能诱导高效价的抗体产生而且能长时间持续。 相似文献
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将牛源魏氏梭菌磐石、双阳、德惠菌株作为生产菌苗株,制备浓缩甲醛氢氧化铝灭活苗,该苗安全性好,免疫后３０天以２个致死量强毒攻击,可获１００％保护,免疫后２００天以同样剂量攻击仍可获９０％保护。经氢氧化铝与蜂胶佐剂对比试验,氢氧化铝佐剂比蜂胶佐剂免疫效果好。抗体动态试验表明,免疫后３０～５０天,菌体抗体和毒素抗体均达最高峰。用兔血清进行中和试验表明,免疫后３０天兔血清能中和８（ＭＬＤ）毒素,小鼠全部存活。 相似文献
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牛魏氏梭菌浓缩氢氧化铝灭活苗的制备及其免疫兔的抗体动态 … 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
将牛源魏氏梭菌磐石,双阳,德惠菌株作为生产菌苗株,制备浓缩甲醛氢氧化铝灭活苗,该苗安全性好,免疫后３０天以２个致死量强毒攻击,可获１００％保护,免疫后２００天以同样剂量攻击可获９０％保护。经氢氧化铝与蜂胶佐剂比对试验,氢氧化铝佐剂经蜂胶佐剂免疫效果好,抗体动态试验表明,免疫后３０～５０天,菌体抗体和毒素抗体均达最高峰,用兔血清进行中和试验表明,免疫后３０天兔血清能中和８（ＭＬＤ）毒素,小鼠全部存活 相似文献
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对研制的三批减蛋综合征（ＥＤＳ）中药佐剂灭活苗的安全性和免疫效力进行了试验，经试验证明，中药佐剂可灭活苗的安全性和免疫效力良好，用常规油苗免疫剂量（０．５ｍｌ／只）２～３倍的中药佐剂灭活苗注射，未见不良反应，产蛋正常。在开产前注射０．５ｍｌ／只，接种后１０天即可产生免疫抗体，抗体效价达１：８０，１５天达１：６４０以上。ＥＤＳ中药佐剂灭活苗较油乳剂灭活苗具产生抗体早，抗体水平高，免疫效果好，易注射等 相似文献
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牦牛ETEC灭活疫苗的研制及免疫效力试验 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
制备了耗牛ETEC铝胶灭活苗、油佐剂苗和蜂胶灭活苗。分别使用3种佐剂灭活苗进行对比试验。经抗体监测表明在免疫后7天，蜂胶苗产生的抗体效价最高（2^7），随着时间的推移，油苗抗体儿价最高（2^9-10)，于免疫后29日，使用ETEC进行攻毒，免疫兔全部保护，对照兔全部死亡。证明牦牛ETEC3种佐剂灭活疫苗均能有效保护家兔免受ETEC攻击。 相似文献
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猪囊虫病基因工程疫苗的体液与细胞免疫反应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了探讨以 Ｉ Ｓ Ｃ Ｏ Ｍ 作佐剂的猪囊虫病基因工程疫苗的免疫机理,对其诱导的体液免疫与细胞免疫反应进行了测定。用上述疫苗免疫 ９ 头试验猪,采用间接 Ｅ Ｌ Ｉ Ｓ Ａ 检测体液免疫反应及通过淋巴细胞转化试验、 Ａ Ｎ Ａ Ｅ染色试验、 Ｅ玫瑰花环形成试验等检测细胞免疫反应;用该疫苗和铝胶苗分别免疫昆明小鼠各 ２０ 只,分别检测体液免疫反应和 Ｔ 淋巴细胞抑制／杀伤亚群的动态变化。体液免疫的检测结果显示,免疫后 ７ 天即出现抗体,２１ 天后抗体全部转阳,持续的时间不少于 １９３ 天,效价明显高于铝胶苗;细胞免疫检测结果显示,免疫猪外周血 Ｔ淋巴细胞转化率、 Ａ Ｎ Ａ Ｅ＋ 细胞和粗粒型 Ａ Ｎ Ａ Ｅ＋ 细胞、 Ｅ Ｒ Ｆ Ｃ和 Ｅａ Ｒ Ｆ Ｃ细胞显著升高,免疫小鼠 Ｔ淋巴细胞抑制／杀伤亚群显著升高;与铝胶苗及对照组比较,差异极显著。以上结果表明猪囊虫病基因工程疫苗可同时激发动物的体液免疫和细胞免疫反应,增强了机体的免疫调节功能及杀伤性 Ｔ 淋巴细胞功能。 相似文献
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中药黄芪多糖的免疫佐剂作用 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
分别将黄芪多糖提取物、白油-吐温、氢氧化铝作为佐剂制备金黄色葡萄球菌灭活苗混合免疫家兔和奶牛,观察家兔免疫前后血清抗体滴度变化以及攻毒后白细胞数目变化和淋巴细胞百分比变化。对奶牛免疫后测其血清抗体和乳汁中体细胞数变化,结果注射疫苗后乳汁中体细胞数都有所下降,黄芪多糖组较其它组下降较快,幅度较大。黄芪多糖和抗原混合物免疫动物后未见不良反应,且抗原免疫血清抗体比氢氧化铝和白油-吐温佐剂组的抗体滴度增加快,幅度显著增高且抗体维持一个较高水平,而攻毒后家兔白细胞数和淋巴细胞数也较氢氧化铝和白油-吐温佐剂组增加较多。因此黄芪多糖是一种有效的佐剂。 相似文献
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Protective efficacy of capsule extracts of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae in pigs and mice 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
Capsular extracts of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae, Serotype 1, were mixed with AL(OH)3 gel (3 parts extract + 1 part Al(OH)3) and used as vaccines in pigs and mice. Four preparations were tested in Experiment I: NaCl and Cetavlon (hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide) extracts of both low in vitro passage (LP) and high in vitro passage (HP) culture, respectively. Four pigs vaccinated with the NaCl extract of the LP strain survived, whereas one of four from each of the remaining vaccine groups and five of six from the control group died. All vaccines induced complement-fixing antibodies. No apparent boosting of titres occurred as a result of challenge with live bacteria. Mice were vaccinated in Experiment II with NaCl and Cetavlon extracts of the LP strain. Both were protective, although the Cetavlon vaccine appeared more efficacious than the NaCl extract. The use of Al(OH)3 adjuvant improved the efficacy of the NaCl vaccine in mice. In Experiment III six gnotobiotic pigs were vaccinated with a combined NaCl and Cetavlon vaccine and seven animals were given placebo. In Experiment IV seven specific pathogen-free (SPF) pigs were given the combined vaccine and eight pigs received placebo treatment. Both of these experiments indicated that the extract vaccines did not completely protect but reduced the mortality in pigs challenged with homologous virulent H. pleuropneumoniae bacteria. The results indicate that capsular antigens of H. pleuropneumoniae have some protective immunogenic efficacy in pigs and mice. 相似文献
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为筛选出制备猫瘟热亚单位疫苗的最佳佐剂类型与首选抗原片段,本试验对虎源FPV-HLJ株VP2全长基因及其截短基因片段PAB进行原核表达,切胶法纯化的表达蛋白经Western blot分析后,分别与氢氧化铝胶佐剂及弗氏佐剂混合,免疫BALB/c小鼠,间接ELISA方法检测小鼠体液免疫水平,初步评价各疫苗的免疫效果。结果表明:VP2、PAB融合蛋白主要以包涵体形式表达,切胶法获得的高纯度表达蛋白均能与鼠抗虎源FPV阳性血清发生特异性反应。纯化蛋白各佐剂免疫组免疫小鼠后均引起较强的特异性抗体IgG反应,其中PAB蛋白各免疫佐剂组抗体水平明显高于VP2蛋白相应免疫佐剂组,且PAB蛋白+氢氧化铝胶组与PAB蛋白+弗氏佐剂组抗体水平无显著差异(P0.05),但与未加佐剂组差异显著(P0.01)。研究证实,PAB蛋白具有良好的免疫原性,可与氢氧化铝胶佐剂协同用于FPV亚单位疫苗的制备。 相似文献
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B E Straw S Shin D Callihan M Petersen 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1990,196(4):600-604
The effects that Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae bacterins containing paraffin (mineral) oil, Al(OH)3, or lecithin-base oil adjuvants had on antibody production and muscle irritation were studied. Four hundred and thirty-two pigs were vaccinated twice (864 injection sites) at a 30-day interval. To assess effects of skin surface contamination on tissue reaction, 247 of the injections were made through skin soiled with manure. Serum samples for antibody determination and tissue samples were obtained at slaughter (15 to 90 days after vaccination). Bacterins containing Al(OH)3 or 5% lecithin-base oil as an adjuvant resulted in minimal tissue irritation. Bacterins containing paraffin oil or greater than 20% lecithin-base oil were more irritating to muscle, often resulting in a granuloma or an abscess at the injection site. Pigs given bacterins containing Al(OH)3 adjuvant had lower antibody titers than did pigs given bacterins containing paraffin oil or lecithin-base oil adjuvants. 相似文献
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采用对比试验方法,以小白鼠为实验动物,进行了复合免疫刺激-大肠杆菌苗的研制及效力测定。结果,试验组菌苗的保护率为84.62%,均高于对照组氢氧化铝胶苗组(53.85%,P<0.05)、蜂胶佐剂苗组(58.33%,P<0.05)、空白对照组(38.46%,P<0.01);试验组小白鼠的增重率为27.52%,均高于对照组氢氧化铝胶苗组(22.31%,P<0.01)、蜂胶佐剂苗组(23.98%,P<0.01)、空白对照组(17.22%,P<0.01);试验组的免疫器官指数为8.01%,高于空白对照组(7.67%,P<0.01)与铝胶苗组(7.96%,P>0.05)。表明该复合免疫刺激物-大肠杆菌苗的免疫效力较好,复合免疫刺激物具有较强的免疫增强力,是一种较好的免疫佐剂。 相似文献
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Failure of a recombinant Schistosoma bovis-derived glutathione S-transferase to protect cattle against experimental Fasciola hepatica infection 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
De Bont J Claerebout E Riveau G Schacht AM Smets K Conder G Brake DA Capron A Vercruysse J 《Veterinary parasitology》2003,113(2):135-144
The potential of a recombinant Schistosoma bovis 28-kDa glutathione S-transferase (rSb28GST) to protect cattle against Fasciola hepatica was tested in a vaccination trial. Thirty two calves were randomly divided into four groups of eight animals. Calves of the three vaccine groups received two intramuscular injections at 3 weeks interval, of 0.250mg rSb28GST in either aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)(3)), Quil A, or PBS emulsified in an equal volume of Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA).Animals of the control group received injections of Al(OH)(3)/PBS only. All animals were challenged orally with a total of 360 metacercariae of F. hepatica, spread over 6 weeks.All groups of vaccinated animals produced measurable IgG antibody titers to rSb28GST after vaccination. Animals immunised with FCA adjuvanted vaccine had the highest and more durable antibody titers and only sera from this group recognised an approximately 24kDa protein band from F. hepatica, that is thought to be a F. hepatica GST. Despite a good antibody response differences in cumulative faecal egg output between the groups were not statistically significant. In addition, no significant difference was found between groups in terms of total worm numbers or percentage of immature flukes recovered at necropsy. In conclusion, the recombinant S. bovis 28kDa GST was not found to adequately protect cattle against experimental F. hepatica challenge, using either aluminium hydroxide, Quil A or FCA as adjuvant. 相似文献
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The antibody response to various combined polyvalent Pasteurella haemolytica vaccines was studied in sheep and cattle. In sheep, certain oil adjuvant vaccines gave rise to a better antibody response to P. haemolytica than an A1(OH)3-adsorbed vaccine. This finding, however, was not consistent for all serotypes, and with respect to P. multocida, oil adjuvants had no advantage. Furthermore, it was found that the removal of all the culture supernatant fluid during the production process had no deleterious effect on the antigenicity of the product. In cattle, good responses were obtained with both alum-precipitated and A1(OH)3-adsorbed vaccine where all culture supernatant fluid was not removed during the production process. No advantage was gained with oil emulsion vaccines. The degree of immunity afforded to mice and the antibody response to different serotypes of P. haemolytica varied considerably. Further detailed studies with respect to specific serotypes of P. haemolytica are therefore required. 相似文献
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人参皂甙Rb1的免疫佐剂作用 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
分别将人参皂甙Rbl(人参主要成分之一)以及氢氧化铝胶作为佐荆和金黄色葡萄球菌菌体抗原混合免疫豚鼠，观察免疫前后血清抗体滴度变化；并用Rbl和奶牛乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌疫苗混合免疫奶牛，观察免疫前后血清抗体滴度变化，以及血液淋巴细胞在刀豆蛋白A(ConA)、美洲商陆(PWM)和金黄色葡萄球菌抗原刺激下的体外细胞增殖反应。结果表明，Rbl和抗原混合物免疫动物后，未见任何不良反应；Rbl组豚鼠血清抗体滴度比对照组和氢氧化铝胶佐剂组滴度增加快，幅度显著增高；Rbl组奶牛血清抗体滴度比对照组奶牛显著增加，ConA、PWM和金黄色葡萄球菌抗原诱导的血液淋巴细胞体外细胞增殖反应比对照组显著提高。因此，Rbl是一种有效的免疫佐剂。 相似文献