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本文对西藏牦牛大肠埃希氏菌进行培养特性、形态染色、鞭毛检查、血凝性、生化试验、血清型鉴定、抗原性、致病性等生物学特性研究,同时用大肠埃希氏菌标准菌种C83907做对照试验.结果表明,西藏牦牛大肠埃希氏菌在普通琼脂平板上可形成光滑型和粗糙型两种类型的菌落,在5%绵羊鲜血琼脂平板上无溶血现象;具有运动性,对家兔红细胞表现出强凝集,而对牦牛、绵羊、马、鸡、猪、鸭的红细胞不凝集,能发酵大多数糖类;其0抗原血清型为026、0142、0148和0158混合型;牦牛大肠埃希氏菌的培养物对家兔具有致病性,用牦牛大肠埃希氏菌油乳剂疫苗2次免疫家兔14 d后检测抗体效价,抗体效价≥2<8>. 相似文献
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大肠埃希菌耐药性的增加及大肠埃希菌血清型众多,加大了药物防治大肠杆菌引发病症的难度。为了减少耐药菌株的产生及养殖者的经济损失,笔者对2011年4月～2012年7月门诊分离的鸡源大肠埃希菌进行抗"O"血清型鉴定及药敏试验,并与2005年11月～2007年4月门诊病死鸡疑似大肠埃希氏菌病例的相关统计数据进行了对比。 相似文献
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鸡大肠埃希氏杆菌灭活苗的研制和应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
鸡大肠埃希氏杆菌灭活苗的研制和应用李超（山东省莒南县畜牧局）鸡大肠杆菌病是由大肠埃希氏菌的某些血清型引起的一类疾病的总称。大肠杆菌有许多不同的血清型，到目前为止共分离到Ｏ抗原１５４个，Ｋ抗原８９个，Ｈ抗原４９个，与禽病有关的血清型主要是Ｏ－１、Ｏ－２... 相似文献
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鸡大肠埃希氏菌病(Colibacillosis)是由大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichia coli,简称E.coli)的某些血清型所引起的鸡的一类疾病的总称。其中以雏鸡和鸡胚感染率最高,危害最大,给养鸡业带来巨大的潜在性经济损失(Lignieres 1884;Savov 1973)。 相似文献
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用从豫北地区一家大型个体养鸡场分离到的致鸡大肠埃希氏菌病8个血清型菌株O1、O2、O78、O36、O11、O88和O50以及未知菌株的培养物,经0.4%的福尔马林灭活48h,制成原场大肠埃希氏菌多价灭活苗,含菌量为150亿/ml。分别免疫批10日龄鸡只,剂量0.2ml/只,使鸡只获得对原场大肠埃希氏菌株比较高的免疫力。该灭活苗的安全性和免疫原性良好,对同型菌株攻毒后对鸡只的保护率达90%以上,对鸡大肠埃希氏菌病有较强的预防作用。 相似文献
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大肠杆菌是条件性致病菌，特别是现代集约化的生产更易造成大肠杆菌病的发生，尤其是那些管理水平较差的饲养场。大肠杆菌病是指不同类型的大肠埃希氏菌引起的疾病总称，大肠埃希氏菌是属肠杆菌科埃希氏族的埃希氏菌属，它是革兰氏阴性小杆菌，呈短粗的杆状，但有时也可见到相当长的长丝状，在琼脂培养基上，菌落微隆，光滑、闪光无色而轮廓圆形。生化特性一般能分解多种糖类产酸产气，但对乳糖则不发酵。少数菌珠有一定的溶血能力。与禽类有关的大肠埃希氏菌最常的致病血清型以O群为主，例如O１，O２，O３５，O７８等约有４０余种，大肠… 相似文献
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大肠埃希氏菌是条件致病性微生物.对鸡造成严重危害大肠埃希氏菌,其血清型主要有O_1、O_2、O_(78)等.作者对通过污染饮水引起鸡发病的14株大肠杆菌进行调查,发现O_(36)血清型经常与O_(78)血清型在同一鸡体内合并感染致病,且比单一血清型感染致病的病情严重和死亡率明显增高.这一情况,国内尚未见有报道.文章同时对防治措施进行了试探. 相似文献
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<正>1鸡大肠杆菌病研究概况鸡大肠杆菌病是由大肠埃希氏菌(Eshcecrhia coli)的某些血清型菌株所引起的一类传染病的总称。同时又是一个极为重要的胚胎性疾病。大肠埃希氏菌通称大肠杆菌(Coli)。其绝大多数是人类和动物肠道中的正常寄居菌。但是,也有一部分 相似文献
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江苏省鸡源大肠埃希氏菌某些生物学特性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
江苏省鸡源大肠埃希氏菌某些生物学特性研究恽时锋（南京军区南京总医院动物实验科，江苏２１０００２）兰邹然王伟武郑明球察宝祥（南京农业大学动物医学院，江苏２０１１９５）鸡大肠杆菌病是一种由大肠埃希氏菌（Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ）某些血清型菌株所致的在世界范围内影响家... 相似文献
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Ohya T Marubashi T Ito H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2000,62(11):1151-1155
Cattle have been recognized as a principal reservoir of Escherichia coli O157:H7. This organism appears to be confined to the gastrointestinal tract and is shed in feces. A probiotic product containing lactic acid-producing Streptococcus bovis LCB6 and Lactobacillus gallinarum LCB 12 isolated from adult cattle was developed, and a preliminary experiment was conducted to evaluate its effect on the elimination of E. coli O157 from experimentally infected calves. Eight 4-month-old Holstein calves were orally challenged with E. coli O157 and the probiotic product was administered against four calves continued fecal shedding of E. coli O157 by the 7th day after infection. Fecal shedding of E. coli O157 was completely inhibited and re-shedding was not detected in any of the animals. Remarkable increase of VFAs, especially that of acetic acid in feces after the administration of probiotic bacteria correlated with the diminution of E. coli O157. Four calves that had spontaneously ceased fecal shedding of E. coli O157 by the 7th day exhibited a high concentration of VFAs in feces before and after experimental infection. Although our results are preliminary and obtained from calves under limited conditions, the possible application of probiotic product to reduce fecal shedding of E. coli O157 from cattle is suggested. 相似文献
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Experimental colibacillosis was produced in 40 healthy, 7-day-old broiler chickens and turkeys by intratracheal injection of 1 x 10(8) CFU/chick and 1.23 x 10(9) CFU/poult bacteria of an O1:F11 strain of Escherichia coli, respectively. Two days before E. coli challenge all chicks were vaccinated with a live attenuated strain of infectious bronchitis virus (H-52). This model of infection--at least in chicken--proved to be useful for evaluating the efficacy of antimicrobial medication, by recording mortality, body weight gain, pathological alterations and frequency of reisolation of E. coli. Using this model, the efficacy of two different dosing methods of norfloxacin (continuous and pulse dosing) was evaluated. The once-per-day pulse dosing of norfloxacin administered via the drinking water at 15 mg/kg body weight proved to be more efficacious than the continuous dosing method of 100 mg/L for 5 days in chickens, while there were no convincing differences between the two treatment regimens in turkeys. The results confirmed earlier observations on the pharmacokinetic properties of norfloxacin in chicks and turkeys (Laczay et al., 1998). 相似文献
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通过预先颈部皮下注射头孢噻呋钠,评价其对1日龄雏鸡试验性诱导大肠杆菌病的预防效果。以微量法测得头孢噻呋钠和恩诺沙星对鸡大肠杆菌的MIC分别为0.1mg/L和1.6mg/L。试验结果表明,0.2、0.1、0.05mg/只的头孢噻呋钠各用药组对人工诱导鸡大肠杆菌病的保护率分别为100%、90%和80%,与0.125mg/只的恩诺沙星对照组(63.33%)及感染对照组(46.67%)相比,头孢噻呋钠各剂量组均能显著降低1日龄雏鸡人工诱发大肠杆菌病的死亡率(P<0.01),具有很好的预防效果;试验结束后细菌学检测结果表明,头孢噻呋钠各剂量组和药物对照组鸡的大肠杆菌检出率分别为13.33%、23.33%、30.0%、46.67%,与感染对照组(90%)相比均显著减少(P<0.01)。 相似文献
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腹泻水貂检出携带耶尔森菌HPI毒力岛的大肠杆菌 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了解大肠杆菌引起水貂腹泻的机理,进行了小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌HPI毒力岛基因的检测,并对其菌株做毒力试验。用PCR扩增法检测毒力岛基因irp2和fyua,小鼠腹腔注射检测菌株毒力。结果：从3个貂场腹泻病死水貂脏器以及粪便中分离出血清型分别为078、029和038的大肠杆菌,对3个血清型大肠杆菌进行毒力岛检测,均检出携带小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌HPI毒力岛基因irp2和fyua。3个血清型078、029和038的大肠杆菌均使小鼠发病死亡。结果表明水貂腹泻是由携带小肠结肠炎耶尔森茵HPI毒力岛基因irp2和fyua的大肠杆菌引起,该茵对水貂的健康具有潜在的威胁。 相似文献
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A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ochratoxin A (OA) on Escherichia coli-challenged broiler chickens. Day-old broiler chicks were separated into two groups of 92 chicks each, with one group fed a control mash diet, and the other fed a mash diet containing 2 ppm OA. On day 14, each group was further separated into two groups, with one group inoculated with E. coli O78 (1 x 10(7) colony-forming units/0.5 ml), whereas the other group was not inoculated with E. coli. After E. coli inoculation on day 14, four birds from each group were euthanatized at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 21 days postinoculation. Escherichia coli infection caused dullness, depression, huddling, and diarrhea. Mortality was 14.3% in chicks infected with E. coli but fed no OA. Mortality increased to 35.7% in chicks fed OA and infected with E. coli. Decreased body weight and reduced feed intake were observed in chicks fed OA, and the effects were more pronounced in chicks fed OA and infected with E. coli. Increased serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, uric acid, and creatinine and decreased levels of total proteins, albumin, globulins, calcium, and phosphorus were observed in OA-fed birds. Escherichia coli infection did not cause significant alteration in any of the serum biochemical parameters. The presence of OA in poultry rations increased mortality and the severity of an E. coli infection. 相似文献
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Escherichia coli colonization of the trachea in poultry: comparison of virulent and avirulent strains in gnotoxenic chickens 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
In chickens, virulent Escherichia coli strains express their pathogenicity in the respiratory tract. A quantitative comparison of tracheal colonization by virulent and avirulent E. coli was carried out in gnotoxenic chickens after intestinal implantation. Two-week-old axenic chicks reared in isolators were inoculated per os with various associations of identified E. coli strains. No clinical sign of disease was observed in any of the chicks, despite the presence of virulent strains in all the intestines and most of the tracheas. The virulent organism reached greater population sizes in the trachea and feces of monocontaminated chicks and of chicks contaminated simultaneously with a virulent and an avirulent strain. In holoxenic chicks, identified virulent and avirulent strains were outnumbered by the E. coli population of the intestinal flora previously established and could not be recovered from the tracheas of most chicks. 相似文献
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Experimental reproduction of airsacculitis and septicemia by aerosol exposure of 1-day-old chicks using Congo red-positive Escherichia coli 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
To further demonstrate the association of phenotype and virulence of Congo red Escherichia coli (CREC), experiments were designed to reproduce airsacculitis and colisepticemia in 1-day-old chicks via aerosol exposure. In eight separate experiments in which a total of 462 chicks were exposed to CREC, the mortality rate was 4.11% and the morbidity rate was 13.4%, with both the dead and diseased chicks showing lesions of fibrinous airsacculitis, pericarditis, and perihepatitis. In contrast, when the corresponding non-CREC derivatives (the same E. coli strains, but not expressing the CR phenotype) were used as the aerosol inoculum in five additional experiments using 284 chicks, no chicks died and no lesions were observed. These results clearly show a strong correlation between the expression of the CR phenotype and virulence in avian E. coli. 相似文献
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为了研究碱偏离型恩诺沙星注射液对人工感染大肠杆菌O78雏鸡的治疗作用,本试验以8日龄的雏鸡为试验动物,腹腔注射一定剂量的O78菌悬液,建立雏鸡大肠杆菌人工感染模型,然后给予不同剂量碱偏离型恩诺沙星注射液对其进行治疗试验。结果显示,给予1.75mg/kg碱偏离型恩诺沙星注射液进行预防给药,其增重率显著升高,增重率和有效率分别为102.45%和100%;给予1.75mg/kg碱偏离型恩诺沙星注射液进行治疗给药,雏鸡增重率、治愈率和有效率分别为93.34%、70%和83%,试验证明,碱偏离型恩诺沙星注射液能有效防治人工感染雏鸡大肠杆菌病,为兽医临床应用碱偏离型恩诺沙星注射液治疗雏鸡大肠杆菌病提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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对罗斯鸡和 Ｓ Ｐ Ｆ来航鸡用鸡毒支原体强毒攻击时,以鸡致病性大肠杆菌 Ｏ７ ８ 血清型菌株 １６ 小时培养物 ０２ｍ ｌ／羽皮下注射作人工诱导发病,试验鸡出现明显气囊病变,初步建立了以鸡致病性大肠杆菌为诱导因子的 Ｍ Ｇ 野外环境人工发病的动物模型。以此开放模型检测 Ｓ Ｐ Ｆ来航鸡以鸡毒支原体 Ｓ６ 克隆致弱株 Ｆ１５６ 代培养物点眼、滴鼻免疫后 ３０ 日、６０ 日龄的攻毒保护率,结果保护率分别达 ９０％ （１８／２０）、８４％ （４２／５０）,而对照组为 ３０％ （６／２０）、５０％ （１５／３０）,中期免疫效果证明,鸡毒支原体 Ｓ６ 克隆致弱株有良好的免疫保护作用。 相似文献