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三聚氰胺与三聚氰酸对小鼠肾脏损伤及其机理的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
旨在探讨三聚氰胺及其同系物三聚氰酸对肾脏组织的损伤及其损伤机理,为防制其对动物泌尿器官的危害提供理论依据。120只雄性SD小鼠随机分为6组,每组20只,体质量20～30g。对照组蒸馏水灌胃,染毒组采取隔天灌胃方式,A组三聚氰胺50mg·kg-1体质量,B组三聚氰酸50mg·kg-1体质量,C、D、E组三聚氰胺与三聚氰酸混合物(三聚氰胺+三聚氰酸等量混合)高、中、低剂量分别按50、10、2mg·kg-1体质量灌胃,持续30d。测定血清尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(CRE),肾脏组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以及丙二醛(MDA)含量,观察肾组织形态学,TUNEL法检测肾脏组织细胞凋亡,RT-PCR法检测肾脏组织Bcl-2、Bax、Cyt-c基因的相对表达以及免疫组化法检测相关蛋白的表达。三聚氰胺与三聚氰酸混合物能引起明显的肾脏组织细胞损伤,呈剂量相关性,表现为BUN和CRE升高,SOD活性降低,MDA含量升高,组织形态学可见明显的肾小管损害;混合组凋亡率明显增高,其中混合高剂量组与对照组相比,差异极显著(P0.01),Bax、Cyt-c表达均高于对照组,而Bcl-2则低于对照组。三聚氰胺与及其与三聚氰酸混合物可以通过脂质过氧化和线粒体通路介导凋亡共同作用引起肾损伤。 相似文献
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采用硫酸铜灌胃的方式对小鼠铜中毒的临床表现及组织器官的病理变化进行观察。结果表明,高剂量组的死亡率高于中剂量和低剂量组。高剂量小鼠组器官的病理形态学观察表现为肝脂肪变性和颗粒变性,肝细胞呈现蜂窝状外观;低剂量组和中剂量组小鼠肝细胞肿大,胞浆内充满红染的细微颗粒。低剂量组小鼠肾小管出现颗粒变性,肾小管上皮细胞肿胀,使管腔变小或狭窄,间质毛细血管扩张,充血;中剂量组小鼠肾小管出现明显颗粒变性,管腔中有许多红染蛋白质物质,出现管型。部分肾小管壁细胞结构被破坏;高剂量组小鼠肾小管上皮坏死、崩解、脱落于管腔中。结果表明,铜中毒主要损害肝脏、肾脏等组织器官,最终导致发病甚至死亡。 相似文献
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为了探讨没食子酸对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导小鼠肾损伤的保护作用，本试验将50只ICR小鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、没食子酸低、中和高剂量组，每组10只。没食子酸低、中、高剂量组每天分别给予62.5、125.0和250.0 mg/(kg·bw)的没食子酸溶液灌胃。1周后，模型组和没食子酸各剂量组分别腹腔注射给予0.2 mL/(10 g·bw)的40%CCl4玉米油溶液，每周注射2次，连续注射4周，对照组均使用等量生理盐水。试验结束后各组小鼠取血和肾脏组织，分光光度法测定尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)和氧化损伤指标，H.E.染色观察肾脏组织病理学变化。结果显示：与模型组比较，没食子酸高剂量组小鼠血清中BUN和Cr水平显著降低(P<0.05);肾脏组织中一氧化氮(NO)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)、丙二醛(MDA)和过氧化氢(H2O2)水平显著降低(P<0.05),而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)水平显著升高(P<0.05);肾脏组织的炎性浸润程度减轻。结果表明，没食子酸能有效... 相似文献
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为探讨长期钼暴露对子代小鼠肾功能的影响,采用2月龄清洁级小鼠60只(雌雄比2∶1),随机分为4组(每组10只雌鼠,5只雄鼠),雌雄分开饲养。饮水中加入不同剂量Na2MoO4.2H2O组成空白对照组、低钼组(100mg/L)、中钼组(200mg/L)和高钼组(400mg/L),4周后雌雄合笼饲养,待其产仔。妊娠期和哺乳期母鼠仍按原分组给予不同剂量的钼。仔鼠断奶后,同样按原分组给予不同剂量的钼。饲养8周后,再从每组后代中随机选取雌性小鼠10只和雄性小鼠5只合笼饲养,待其产仔。如此反复,使小鼠繁殖4代。选取第3代(F2)、第4代(F3)小鼠眼球摘除法采血并分离血清,测定血清肌酐和尿素氮。采集肾脏测定微核率和肾组织切片。结果表明,当饮水中Na2MoO4.2H2O达到200mg/L以上时,可显著增加后代小鼠肾细胞微核率(P<0.05)和血清肌酐浓度(P<0.05),降低血清尿素氮含量(P<0.05)。说明钼制剂可对小鼠后代肾脏产生损伤作用。 相似文献
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高钼对雏鸡肾脏的病理损伤和抗氧化功能的影响 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
300只1日龄Avian肉鸡健雏随机分为4组,分别喂以对照日粮(Mo13mg·kg-1)和高钼日粮(Mo500mg·kg-1,高钼Ⅰ组;Mo1000mg·kg-1,高钼Ⅱ组;Mo1500mg·kg-1,高钼Ⅲ组)42d,研究高钼致雏鸡肾脏的病理损伤。与对照组比较,高钼组雏鸡肾脏肾小管上皮细胞肿大、颗粒变性和空泡变性;超微结构观察,肾小管上皮细胞内质网扩张、线粒体空泡化或体积缩小,基质电子密度增加,核膜扩张,微绒毛出现髓鞘样结构;高钼Ⅱ、Ⅲ组雏鸡肾脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性极显著下降(P0.01),丙二醛(MDA)含量极显著升高(P0.01);血清中上述相应酶活性和丙二醛含量变化与肾脏的一致,同时,高钼Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血清肌酐和尿酸含量显著高于对照组(P0.05或P0.01)。结果表明,日粮钼含量1000mg·kg-1及以上可引起肾脏的病理损伤和抗氧化酶活性降低,导致肾脏功能受损。 相似文献
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采用醋酸铅灌胃于成年昆明小鼠,观察铅致小鼠肾脏的病理形态变化。取小鼠分为4组,分别为醋酸铅高、中、低剂量组(40、20、10mg/kg)、生理盐水阴性对照组,经口灌胃每天定时定量连续给药40d。取小鼠肾脏经甲醛固定,常规石蜡包埋切片,HE染色,显微镜下观察小鼠肾脏的组织形态。结果表明,各试验组肾皮质部小管上皮细胞肿胀,胞质疏松,染色浅,空泡变性,发生广泛性颗粒变性,部分肾小管上皮细胞嗜酸性坏死;高剂量组肾皮质部肾小管周围大量淋巴细胞浸润,肾小管上皮细胞表现明显的颗粒变性和嗜酸性坏死,肾小球体积萎缩,结构破坏,出现局灶性硬化;部分肾小管管腔内可见嗜酸性凝固物,肾小球毛细血管扩张充血;中剂量组病变相对较轻;而低剂量组无明显形态学异常。结果提示铅对小鼠肾脏有毒性作用,且随剂量增加损伤加重。 相似文献
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为了从氧化应激角度探究阿魏酸对小鼠镉中毒致急性肾脏损伤的保护作用,试验建立氯化镉所致小鼠急性肾脏损伤模型,将80只小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组和阿魏酸低(75 mg/kg)、中(150 mg/kg)、高(300 mg/kg)剂量组,每组16只,空白组、模型组灌胃生理盐水,其余组连续灌胃不同剂量的阿魏酸,除空白组灌胃生理盐水外,其余组均在第15天灌胃氯化镉溶液(按体重0.2 mL/10 g),试验结束后,小鼠摘眼球取血,分离血清,检测血液生理指标[白细胞(WBC)、红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白(HGB)和血细胞比容(HCT)]、血液生化指标[肌酐(Cr)、血尿素氮(BUN)和尿酸(UA)]。小鼠采血后采取颈椎脱臼法处死,采集肾脏组织,用苏木精-伊红(H.E.)染色后,用医学图像分析系统观察肾脏病理组织学变化;取肾脏组织制成10%和20%的组织匀浆,测定肾脏组织抗氧化指标[还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)]。结果表明：与模型组相比,阿魏酸各剂量组血液中WBC、RBC数量及HGB含量、HCT均升高,其中阿魏酸高剂量组WBC数量显著升... 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2015,(11)
为了探讨3-甲基-4-硝基酚(PNMC)对大鼠肾脏的氧化损伤作用,选择SPF级雄性SD大鼠,随机分为4组(每组10只),设立3个染毒组和1个对照组。染毒组采用皮下注射的途径分别给予每天剂量为1 mg/kg体重、10mg/kg体重和100 mg/kg体重的PNMC,连续5 d。对照组采用同样的途径给予溶剂(PBS+0.05%tween80),最后一次染毒后第24小时剖检取材。称量体重和器官重量,观察肾脏组织病理学变化,检测血清中肌酐和尿素氮的含量,以及超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、总抗氧化能力及丙二醛等抗氧化指标的含量。结果显示,染毒组大鼠体重和日增重出现不同程度的下降;各剂量组大鼠肾脏均有不同程度的病理损伤;100 mg/kg体重组大鼠肌酐浓度显著升高,所有染毒组大鼠超氧化物歧化酶的含量均显著下降,10 mg/mg体重染毒组大鼠总抗氧化能力也显著低于对照组。综上所述,PNMC染毒后血清中超氧化物歧化酶的活性降低,同时伴有总抗氧化能力下降,提示大鼠体内抗氧化系统遭到破坏,导致过多的过氧化物在体内蓄积,从而对大鼠肾脏造成氧化损伤。 相似文献
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旨在探究纳米硒作为治疗药物对腺嘌呤诱导急性肾衰犬肾组织离子转运体表达及凋亡的影响。20只体重约4 kg年龄1岁左右的贵宾犬在做基本健康检查并适应性喂养两周后,随机分为空白对照组(Control,饲喂基础日粮30 d)、急性肾衰造模组[Model,15 d基础日粮+15 d腺嘌呤75 mg·(kg·d)-1]、常规输液治疗组[Infusion,15 d腺嘌呤75 mg·(kg·d)-1+15 d静注葡萄糖氯化钠60 mL·(kg·d)-1、呋塞米2~4 mg·kg-1]、纳米硒治疗组[Nano-Se,15 d腺嘌呤,75 mg·(kg·d)-1+15 d纳米硒0.5 mg·(kg·d)-1]、纳米硒预防组[Prevention,15 d纳米硒0.5 mg·(kg·d)-1+15 d腺嘌呤75 mg·(kg·d)-1],每组4只犬。通过血液生化分析,尿常规分析,肾组织石蜡切片免疫组化,Western blot,RT-qPCR检测相关蛋白基因表达水平。结果表明：纳米硒治疗与预防有效降低肾衰特征指标CRE、BUN,恢复肾衰异常尿常规指标尿比重、尿pH,改善肾衰犬机体钙磷代谢;纳米硒治疗对比急性肾衰造模组可有效增加肾组织CaSR、WNKs mRNA与蛋白表达量(P<0.05),降低NKCC2 mRNA与蛋白表达量(P<0.05),从而减弱了急性肾衰中过度代偿的重吸收功能;纳米硒治疗较肾衰造模组肾组织促凋亡Bax、Caspase3/9 mRNA与蛋白表达量显著下调(P<0.05),降低急性肾衰中肾的凋亡效应。 相似文献
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Jae-il Lee Myung-jin Kim Chang-sik Park Myung-cheol Kim 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2006,7(1):79-81
Renal ischemia as a course of renal transplantation is a common cause of renal dysfunction as renal failure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of ascorbic acid on blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr) and resistive index (RI) for dog models with renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Renal ischemia was induced on 6 Beagle dogs. The left kidney was exposed to normothermic ischemia for a short period at 30 min followed by reperfusion. On the blood Cr level and RI, there was no significant difference comparing both groups. 14 days after I/R injury a significant reduction on the blood BUN level was observed in the vehicle group (34.06 mg/dl) compared to that of ischemia induced treated group (10.3mg/dl) (p < 0.05). In conclusion, administration of ascorbic acid for renal ischemic-reperfusion injury had influence on blood BUN level, but it was not revealed the influence on blood Cr and RI. 相似文献
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旨在筛选红芪多糖-1-1（Radix Hedysari polysaccharide-1-1,RHPS-1-1）调节小鼠肠道菌群失调的最佳剂量。将红芪粗多糖分别用DEAE-52和Sephadex G-100进行分离纯化得单一多糖RHPS-1-1,采用高效阴离子交换色谱法及甲基化和红外光谱法鉴定其单糖组成与结构。将C57BL/6小鼠90只随机分为正常对照组、模型组、自愈组和不同剂量RHPS-1-1（12.5、25、50、100、200和400 mg·kg-1）给药组,每组10只。通过连续14 d灌服抗生素鸡尾酒（氨苄西林、新霉素、甲硝唑、万古霉素）的方法建立小鼠肠道菌群失调模型,造模结束后,模型组小鼠处死采样,各给药组灌服不同剂量RHPS-1-1进行治疗,正常对照组与自愈组给予等量生理盐水,连续14 d。应用16S rDNA高通量测序法分析各组小鼠盲肠内容物的肠道菌群变化特征,并观测正常对照组、自愈组和25 mg·kg-1 RHPS-1-1组主要脏器的器官指数和组织病理变化。结果表明,经纯化得到单一多糖RHPS-1-1,重均分子量为19.420 ku,主要由葡萄糖组成,主链连接方式为1,4-D-Glcp,并具有植物多糖的特征吸收峰。灌服抗生素鸡尾酒使小鼠出现了严重的肠道菌群失调,拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和放线菌门等优势菌丰度极度减少,变形菌门相对增多,且不能自然恢复;经RHPS-1-1给药后肠道菌群的多样性和丰富度发生改变,25 mg·kg-1 RHPS-1-1治疗组Chaol指数显著升高（P<0.05）,PCA和UPGMA聚类分析结果均显示,25 mg·kg-1的RHPS-1-1给药组与正常对照组肠道菌群结构最接近,有害菌Muribaculaceae_unclassified相对丰度降低,有益菌Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014和Clostridiales_unclassified相对丰度增加。自愈组相比正常对照组仅肝脏指数显著减小（P<0.05）,经25 mg·kg-1的RHPS-1-1治疗后显著升高（P<0.05）。但正常对照组、自愈组及25 mg·kg-1的RHPS-1-1治疗组的心、肝、脾、肺、肾和脑均无明显病理变化。结果证明,所获RHPS-1-1是一种分子量约为19.420 ku的植物葡聚糖,治疗剂量为25 mg·kg-1时,促进抗生素所致小鼠肠道菌群失调恢复的效果最佳,且可改善肝脏指数下降,本研究为红芪多糖调节肠道菌群的临床应用提供依据。 相似文献
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Objective— To evaluate the influence of a kidney perfusion solution on early graft function in dogs.
Study Design— Experimental, randomized study.
Animals— Intact adult male mongrel dogs (n=12).
Methods— Dogs had renal autograft transplantation without ureteroneocystotomy with contralateral nephrectomy. Kidney graft flushing with a novel organ perfusion solution was compared with flushing with saline (0.9% NaCl) solution. Serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations were measured daily posttransplant for 7 days. Ultrasound-guided renal biopsy was performed on postoperative day 1 for electron microscopic evaluation. Dogs were euthanatized on day 7.
Results— All dogs completed the study. Cr and BUN concentrations of the saline group were significantly greater than the organ perfusion solution group on each postoperative day ( P =.01 for S Cr; P =.001 for BUN). Electron micrographs of nuclei and mitochondria from convoluted proximal tubule cells indicated profound ultrastructural disruptions in the saline group and mild ultrastructural disruptions in the organ perfusion solution group.
Conclusion— Flushing solution composition can influence early graft function in live donor kidney transplantation.
Clinical Relevance— Use of a specialized flushing solution can improve early graft function in canine kidney transplantation, independent of antigen-mediated events. 相似文献
Study Design— Experimental, randomized study.
Animals— Intact adult male mongrel dogs (n=12).
Methods— Dogs had renal autograft transplantation without ureteroneocystotomy with contralateral nephrectomy. Kidney graft flushing with a novel organ perfusion solution was compared with flushing with saline (0.9% NaCl) solution. Serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations were measured daily posttransplant for 7 days. Ultrasound-guided renal biopsy was performed on postoperative day 1 for electron microscopic evaluation. Dogs were euthanatized on day 7.
Results— All dogs completed the study. Cr and BUN concentrations of the saline group were significantly greater than the organ perfusion solution group on each postoperative day ( P =.01 for S Cr; P =.001 for BUN). Electron micrographs of nuclei and mitochondria from convoluted proximal tubule cells indicated profound ultrastructural disruptions in the saline group and mild ultrastructural disruptions in the organ perfusion solution group.
Conclusion— Flushing solution composition can influence early graft function in live donor kidney transplantation.
Clinical Relevance— Use of a specialized flushing solution can improve early graft function in canine kidney transplantation, independent of antigen-mediated events. 相似文献
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YU Qingqing ZHONG Gaolong WAN Fang NING Zhijun WU Shaofeng JIANG Xuanxuan TANG Zhaoxin HE Ying HU Lianmei 《畜牧兽医学报》1956,51(11):2849-2857
The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of copper poisoning on the expression of inflammatory factors and cell proliferation in renal tissues of rat. In this study, 32 healthy rats aged 20 days were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups, 8 in each group. The rats were fed as follows: The copper concentration in the control group was 15 mg·kg-1; high-copper group I: 30 mg·kg-1; high-copper group Ⅱ: 60 mg·kg-1; high-copper group Ⅲ: 120 mg·kg-1. After continuously feeding for 6 months, the mRNA and their proteins expression of Ki-67, PCNA, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-18, NF-κB, TNF-α in renal tissues were detected. The results demonstrated that the relative expressions of Ki-67,PCNA mRNA and proteins in renal tissues were significantly decreased with the increase of copper content in feed (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors including IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-18, NF-κB, TNF-α in renal tissues were significantly increased (P<0.05). Besides, the relative expression of IL-1β protein was up-regulated in a dose dependent manner, and the relative expression levels of IL-6 and IL-18 proteins increased first and then decreased. In summary, the finding suggested that high copper stimulation inhibited the cell proliferation of rat kidney tissue, promoted the expression of inflammatory factors, and caused inflammatory damage. 相似文献
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高铜对大鼠肾细胞炎性因子和细胞增殖的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
旨在探讨铜中毒对大鼠肾组织炎性因子的表达和细胞增殖功能的影响。本研究选用32只20日龄健康大鼠随机分为4组,每组8只,其中,对照组日粮的铜（Cu）浓度为15 mg·kg-1;高铜Ⅰ组日粮Cu浓度为30 mg·kg-1;高铜Ⅱ组日粮Cu浓度为60 mg·kg-1;高铜Ⅲ组日粮Cu浓度为120 mg· kg-1。连续饲喂6个月,检测肾组织Ki-67、PCNA、IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6、IL-18、NF-κB、TNF-α的mRNA及其蛋白的表达。随着日粮中铜含量增高,肾组织中Ki-67、PCNA mRNA及其蛋白表达量显著降低（P<0.05）。炎性因子IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6、IL-18、NF-κB、TNF-α mRNA的表达水平显著升高（P<0.05）,IL-1β蛋白的表达水平呈剂量依赖性上升,IL-6和IL-18蛋白表达水平先上升,后下降。结果表明,日粮铜含量高于30 mg·kg-1时,将不同程度地抑制大鼠肾组织的细胞增殖,促进炎性因子的表达,造成炎性损伤。 相似文献
17.
为探讨茵山莲水提物对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用及可能机制,以对后续茵山莲的深入研究及临床转化提供理论指导。将60只ICR小鼠随机分为6组,每组10只,分别为空白对照组、模型对照组、联苯双酯对照组、茵山莲低(1.17 mg·g-1)、中(2.34 mg·g-1)、高(4.68 mg·g-1)剂量组,按不同剂量药物每天灌胃1次,给药7 d。在末次给药1 h后,除空白对照组以外,其余各组小鼠腹腔注射0.2%四氯化碳构建急性肝损伤模型。12 h后小鼠眼球采血并分离血清,收集肝组织。采用生化分析检测血清总蛋白(TP)和谷胱甘肽S转移酶(GST)活性,肝组织中GST、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性,利用HE染色和Masson染色观察肝组织病理及肝纤维化情况,采用蛋白免疫印迹法和免疫组织化学法检测肝组织白介素1beta (IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子alpha (TNF-α)、血管生成因子A (VEGFA),金属基质蛋白酶9(MMP9)及转录因子NF-κBp65、蛋白激酶IKK、p38MAPK等蛋白表达及定位情况。结果表明,与模型对照组相比,2.34 mg·g-1茵山莲水提物能显著降低小鼠血清GST水平,显著升高肝内CAT水平,各组间T-SOD无显著差异,但2.34 mg·g-1茵山莲水提物组小鼠与空白对照组、模型对照组在肝GST、SDH和血清TP水平上无显著差异。2.34 mg·g-1茵山莲水提物能缓解CCl4诱导的小鼠肝病理损伤和纤维化病变,抑制肝IL-1β、TNF-α、VEGFA、NF-κBp65和IKK的表达。提示茵山莲水提物可能通过NF-κB和p38MAPK通路抑制肝氧化应激和炎症水平,从而缓解小鼠急性肝损伤。 相似文献
18.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different ammonia concentration on production performance, immunity and antioxidant capacity of beef cattle. In this study, 16 healthy Qinchuan cows with an initial weight of (220±5) kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 1 cattle per replicate.Treated with ammonia at concentrations of<5 (control), (15±3), (30±3) and (45±3) mg·m-3, respectively. The advanced experiment period was 10 days and the formal period was 30 days. During the trial period, the production performance was recorded(ADG,ADFI and F/G), and serum samples were collected from the jugular vein at day 1, 15, 30. Then the biochemical indicators, immune globulin,cytokines and antioxidant enzymes activities were measured.The results showed as follows:1) Compared with the control group, average daily gain (ADG) significantly decreased when ammonia concentration was 30 mg·m-3, and average daily feed intake (ADFI) was significantly decreased in all ammonia treatment groups (P<0.05), and feed∶gain (F/G) increased significantly when ammonia concentration was 15 and 30 mg· m-3 (P<0.05). 2) The content of serum CRE、BUN、ALT、AST and LDH were significantly increased when the ammonia concentration was 45 mg·m-3 (P<0.05), and the An content increased significantly in all ammonia treatment groups compared with the control group, indicating that ammonia exposure caused damage to liver and kidney function of cattle. 3) The immunoglobulin A (IgA) level was significantly reduced in each ammonia treatment group (P<0.05), the content of IgM was significantly decreased when the ammonia concentration was 30 and 45 mg· m-3 (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in IgG content among the groups (P>0.05). Ammonia exposure significantly increased the levels of IL-6 at 30 and 45 mg·m-3, and IL-4 content was significantly increased at 45 mg· m-3 (P<0.05), IFN-γ content was significantly reduced at 30 and 45 mg· m-3 (P<0.05), thus inducing an inflammatory response of beef cattle. 4) Ammonia exposure significantly decreased T-AOC activity at 30 and 45 mg· m-3 and GSH-Px activity was significantly decreased at 45 mg· m-3 (P<0.05), MDA content significantly increased at 30 mg· m-3 (P<0.05);No significant difference was observed in the serum SOD and CAT activities in each group (P>0.05). In summary, this study suggested that excessive ammonia exposure reduced growth performance, impaired immunity and antioxidant capacity of beef cattle. 相似文献
19.
不同氨气浓度对肉牛生产性能、免疫和抗氧化能力的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究不同氨气浓度对肉牛生产性能、免疫和抗氧化能力的影响。选取16头初始体重为（220±5）kg的健康秦川母牛,随机分为4组饲养于4个环控舱内,每组4个重复,每头牛为1个重复。将氨气浓度分别设置为<5（对照组）、（15±3）、（30±3）和（45±3）mg·m-3。预试期为10 d,试验期为30 d。试验期间记录生产性能（日增重、日采食量和料重比）,并于试验第1、15和30天颈静脉采集血清样本,检测肉牛血液生化指标、免疫球蛋白、细胞因子和抗氧化酶活性。结果表明：1）与对照组相比,氨气浓度为30 mg·m-3时显著降低了肉牛平均日增重（ADG）,平均日采食量（ADFI）在所有氨气处理组均显著下降（P<0.05）,而料重比（F/G）在氨气浓度为15和30 mg·m-3时显著上升（P<0.05）。2）氨气浓度达到45 mg·m-3时显著增加了血清肌酐、尿素氮、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶含量（P<0.05）,而与对照组相比,血氨含量在所有处理组均显著增加,表明氨气暴露对肉牛的肝、肾功能造成了损伤。3）各氨气处理组均显著降低了免疫球蛋白A含量（P<0.05）,而免疫球蛋白M含量在氨气浓度为30和45 mg·m-3时显著下降（P<0.05）,但免疫球蛋白G含量在各组间无显著差异（P>0.05）,白细胞介素6含量在氨气浓度为30和45 mg·m-3时显著上升,而白细胞介素4含量在45 mg·m-3时显著上升（P<0.05）,γ-干扰素含量在氨气浓度为30和45 mg·m-3时显著降低（P<0.05）,表明氨气暴露引发了肉牛的炎症反应。4）氨气浓度在30和45 mg·m-3时显著降低了血清总抗氧化能力,在45 mg· m-3时显著降低了谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性（P<0.05）,丙二醛含量在30 mg·m-3时显著增加（P<0.05）;但血清超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性在各处理组间无明显差异（P>0.05）。综上所述,过量氨气暴露降低了肉牛的生长性能,并对肉牛的免疫和抗氧化能力产生了不利影响。 相似文献
20.
为研究不同剂量的环磷酰胺对小鼠肝肾组织及功能的损害程度,试验选取40只5周龄健康雌性昆明小鼠,随机分为5组,除对照组外,其余4组小鼠连续3 d分别腹腔注射40、80、120及160 mg/（kg·BW）环磷酰胺溶液,注射后第7天采集肝脏和肾脏组织样品及血清,制备石蜡组织切片及透射电镜切片,观察肝脏和肾脏的组织学变化,检测血清中甘胆酸（CG）、胆碱酯酶（ChE）、血清前白蛋白（PA）、总胆汁酸（TBA）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、尿素氮（BUN）、血清肌酐（SCr）、尿酸（UA）含量/活性。结果显示,环磷酰胺可引起小鼠肝肾组织病理损害,呈剂量依赖性,肝脏比肾脏更早出现损伤。石蜡切片及透射电镜切片观察结果显示,环磷酰胺对肝脏的毒性作用主要表现在肝索紊乱、肝血窦扩张、微胆管淤胆、门管区及中央静脉周围炎性细胞浸润及纤维增生、组织间出血、肝细胞出现脂肪变性及气球样变性,凋亡及坏死细胞增多。肾脏组织损伤主要表现在出血及纤维增生,肾小管上皮细胞胞浆空泡样变、线粒体损伤、核固缩,上皮细胞基底膜增厚。环磷酰胺对膀胱的损害不严重。与对照组相比,40~160 mg/（kg·BW）剂量组小鼠血清中ChE活性及PA水平,120~160 mg/（kg·BW）剂量组AST活性,80~160 mg/（kg·BW）剂量组BUN水平及80 mg/（kg·BW）剂量组UA水平均显著升高（P<0.05）;其余生化指标与对照组差异不显著（P>0.05）。以上结果表明,环磷酰胺注射剂量在80~120 mg/（kg·BW）时可引起昆明小鼠肝脏和肾脏组织及细胞明显的病理损伤。该研究结果可为选择合适的环磷酰胺注射剂量用以制备动物肝脏免疫抑制模型提供试验依据。 相似文献