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内蒙古发酵酸乳制品中乳酸菌的分离鉴定 《畜牧与饲料科学》2020,41(3):51-55
以采集自内蒙古锡林郭勒盟正蓝旗的2份发酵酸乳样品为研究对象,采用传统纯化培养技术、16S rDNA基因序列测定并构建系统发育树的方法,对样品中的乳酸菌进行了分离鉴定,以期解析发酵乳中乳酸菌的多样性,积累食品微生物资源。研究结果显示,共分离15株乳酸菌,被鉴定为3个属9个种,3个属分别为乳酸乳球菌属、明串珠菌属和乳杆菌属,9个种分别为乳酸乳球菌叶蝉亚种（Lactococcus lactis subsp. hordniae,3株）、乳酸乳球菌（Lactococcus lactis,1株）、乳酸乳球菌乳脂亚种（Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris,1株）、乳明串珠菌（Leuconostoc lactis,3株）、肠膜明串珠菌肠膜亚种（Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides,1株）、肠膜明串珠菌右旋葡聚糖亚种（Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum,1株）、植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantarum,1株）、副干酪乳杆菌（Lactobacillus paracasei,3株）和干酪乳杆菌（Lactobacillus casei,1株）。综上表明,该研究采集的酸乳样品中乳酸菌资源丰富,是内蒙古传统乳制品优良发酵剂的研发和产业化生产的潜在微生物资源。 相似文献
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肠膜明串珠菌是美国食品药物管理局认为安全的40种益生菌菌种之一,它有改善机体肠道环境,增强机体免疫力等功能。试验将肠膜明串珠菌发酵液应用于奶牛饲料中,作为奶牛饲料的一种益生菌添加剂,观察肠膜明串珠菌发酵液对奶牛奶产量及其品质的影响。结果表明,试验期实验组奶牛平均日产奶量比实验前期提高了12.03%(P0.01),奶中乳蛋白质量分数、乳糖质量分数及干物质质量分数显著提高(P0.01),分别提高了1.76%、1.23%和0.76%,而乳脂率没有明显变化(P0.05)。 相似文献
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肠膜明串珠菌是乳酸菌中明串珠菌属的重要菌种,也是常见的益生菌菌种之一。它既能改善机体肠道环境,提高饲料的吸收利用率,又能拮抗致病菌,提高机体免疫力。实验将肠膜明串珠菌发酵液添加到奶牛日粮中,观察其对奶牛隐性乳房炎及奶牛生产性能的影响。结果表明：每头奶牛每天日粮中添加200mL发酵液（肠膜明串珠菌菌数约为10^9个／mL）,连续使用7d,试验期间,在隐性乳房炎奶牛中,隐性乳房炎的治愈率为70％;在健康奶牛中,与试验前比较,奶产量提高了11．26％（P〈0．05）,奶中的乳蛋白率、乳糖质量分数和乳脂率分别提高了2．06％（P〈0．05）、1．45％（P〈0．05）、1．63％（P〈0．05）。实验表明,日粮中添加肠膜明串珠菌发酵液既能提高奶牛的免疫力,在一定程度上治疗隐性乳房炎,又能提高奶牛的生产性能。 相似文献
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采用松鼠源肠道样品进行细菌分离培养和细菌16SrRNA基因PCR扩增、测序分析,并进行纸片扩散法药敏试验。结果显示,在33只赤腹松鼠肠道中分离出117株细菌,赤腹松鼠肠道内细菌类群主要有葡萄球菌属(金色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、松鼠葡萄球菌)、埃希菌属(大肠埃希菌)、芽胞杆菌属(蜡样芽胞杆菌、Weihenstephanensis芽胞杆菌、苏云金芽胞杆菌、Samanii芽胞杆菌、枯草芽胞杆菌)、肠球菌属(粪肠球菌)、克雷伯菌属(肺炎克雷伯菌)、假单胞菌属(荧光假单胞菌)、明串珠菌属(肠膜样明串珠菌);粪肠球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌对大部分试验药物高度敏感,其他细菌对部分受试药物耐药。赤腹松鼠肠道细菌种群具有多样性,且存在天然耐药现象。本研究为进一步研究野生动物体内细菌携带天然耐药基因提供了素材,也为森林旅游开发的安全性评估及环境保护提供了参考。 相似文献
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The 16S rRNA gene of 39 S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus strains and two S. equi subsp. equi strains was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and subsequently digested with the restriction enzyme Hinc II. A restriction profile with two fragments with sizes of 1250 bp and 200 bp could be observed for both S. equi subsp. equi strains and for 30 of the 39 S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus strains indicating a sequence variation within the V2 region of the 16S rRNA gene of the remaining nine S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus isolates. A segment of the 16S rRNA gene including the hypervariable V2 region of 11 S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus and two S. equi subsp. equi could be amplified by PCR and sequenced. The sequence of the V2 region of eight S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus strains appeared to be identical or almost identical to the sequence of the two S. equi subsp. equi strains. The sequence of the remaining three S equi subsp. zooepidemicus strains differed significantly from the sequence of S. equi subsp. equi. These differences allowed a division of S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus strains into two 16S rRNA types and might possibly have consequences for the taxonomic position of these phenotypically indistinguishable strains of one subspecies. A molecular typing could additionally be performed by amplification of the gene encoding the 16S-23S rRNA spacer region. A single amplicon of the spacer gene of 1100 bp could be observed for one S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus, an amplicon of 950 bp for two S. equi subsp. equi strains and 10 S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus strains, a amplicon of 780 bp for 27 S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus strains and a single amplicon of 600 bp for one S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus strain. The variations of the V2 region of the 16S rRNA gene and the size variations of the 16S-23S rRNA spacer gene were not related to each other. Both variations could be used for molecular typing of this species, possibly useful in epidemiological aspects. 相似文献
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Balcázar JL de Blas I Ruiz-Zarzuela I Vendrell D Gironés O Muzquiz JL 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2007,30(2):111-118
The aim of this study was to identify lactic acid bacteria (LAB) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene. Thirteen LAB strains were isolated from the intestinal microbiota of healthy salmonids. A approximately 500-bp region of the highly conserved 16S rRNA gene was PCR-amplified and following this, a portion of the amplicon (272-bp) including the V1 and V2 variable regions was sequenced. The sequence containing both the V1 and V2 region provided strong evidence for the identification of LAB. The LAB strains were identified as Carnobacterium maltaromaticum, Lactobacillus curvatus, Lactobacillus sakei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. The method described was found to be a very simple, rapid, specific, and low-cost tool for the identification of unknown strains of LAB. 相似文献
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Alber J El-Sayed A Estoepangestie S Lämmler C Zschöck M 《Veterinary microbiology》2005,109(1-2):135-141
Bacterial superantigens are one of the major virulence factors produced by Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. The two novel superantigen encoding genes seeM and seeL were described for S. equi subsp. equi which is known as the causative agent of strangles in equids. In the present study previously characterized S. equi subsp. equi strains and strains of various other animal pathogenic streptococcal species and subspecies were investigated for the presence of the superantigen encoding genes seeM and seeL by polymerase chain reaction. According to these studies seeL and seeM appeared to be a constant characteristic of all investigated S. equi subsp. equi strains. Surprisingly, one S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus strain (S.z. 122) was also positive for both genes. The species identity of this S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus strain could additionally be confirmed by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene and the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region. The superantigen encoding genes could not be found among additionally investigated S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus strains or among strains of seven other streptococcal species. The seeL and seeM genes of the S. equi subsp. equi strain S.e. CF32 and the genes szeL and szeM of the S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus strain S.z. 122 were cloned and sequenced. A sequence comparison revealed a high degree of sequence homology between seeL, szeL, speL and seeM, szeM and speM, respectively. The superantigenic toxins L and M seemed to be widely distributed virulence factors of S. equi subsp. equi, rare among S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus but did not occur among a number of other animal pathogenic streptococcal species. 相似文献
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J M Miller A L Jenny J L Ellingson 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》1999,11(5):436-440
A PCR procedure previously developed for identification of Mycobacterium bovis in formalin-fixed tissues was used to identify mycobacteria of the M. avium complex. Tissues were examined from 100 culture-positive cases of M. avium complex infection, including 86 in which the subspecies was not identified and 14 that had been identified as M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Each sample was tested with 5 primer sets, 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), IS900, IS901, IS1245, and a heat shock protein (hspX), that detect 1 or both M. avium subspecies. The success rate of PCR detection varied with the primers used and the animal species tested. Among the 86 cases with no M. avium subspecies designation, primers for the 16S rRNA gene were clearly the most efficient because they produced amplicons from all samples that reacted with any other primer set. The overall detection rate in this group of samples was 71%: highest in avian tissues (89%) followed by swine (72%) and ruminants (57%) None of the avian or swine tissues reacted with primers for IS900 or hspX, which identify M. a. paratuberculosis. In contrast, 7 of the 12 ruminant samples that were 16S rRNA positive reacted with 1 or both of these primers. All of the 14 cases shown by culture to be M. a. paratuberculosis infections were positive with IS900 primers, whereas only 11 were positive for 16S rRNA. These results indicate that 16S rRNA primers are the most useful for PCR identification of M. avium in formalin-fixed tissues of nonruminant species. However, IS900 primers should also be used when ruminant tissues are examined because these primers provide the greatest sensitivity for detection of M. a. paratuberculosis infections. 相似文献
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Jin J Xu D Narongwanichgarn W Goto Y Haga T Shinjo T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(3):273-276
The 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer regions (ISRs) of Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. necrophorum and F. necrophorum subsp. funduliforme were characterized. Products of two sizes, about 360 bp (small) and 530 bp (large), were generated by PCR amplification from the 16S-23S rRNA ISR of all the strains tested. The large and small 16S-23S rRNA ISRs of F. necrophorum exhibited a level of sequence similarity of 93.9% to 99.7% and 94.2% to 98.6% homologies within the species, respectively. Only the large spacer regions in these bacteria contained one or two tRNA genes. F. necrophorum subsp. necrophorum contains the isoleucine and alanine tRNA gene, whereas F. necrophorum subsp. funduliforme contains the isoleucine tRNA gene. 相似文献
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Real-time PCR for detection and differentiation of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Strangles is a contagious equine disease caused by Streptococcus equi subsp. equi. In this study, clinical strains of S. equi (n=24) and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (n=24) were genetically characterized by sequencing of the 16S rRNA and sodA genes in order to devise a real-time PCR system that can detect S. equi and S. zooepidemicus and distinguish between them. Sequencing demonstrated that all S. equi strains had the same 16S rRNA sequence, whereas S. zooepidemicus strains could be divided into subgroups. One of these (n=12 strains) had 16S rRNA sequences almost identical with the S. equi strains. Interestingly, four of the strains biochemically identified as S. zooepidemicus were found by sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to have a sequence homologous with Streptococcus equi subsp. ruminatorum. However, they did not have the colony appearance or the biochemical characteristics of the type strain of S. ruminatorum. Classification of S. ruminatorum may thus not be determined solely by 16S rRNA sequencing. Sequencing of the sodA gene demonstrated that all S. equi strains had an identical sequence. For the S. zooepidemicus strains minor differences were found between the sodA sequences. The developed real-time PCR, based on the sodA and seeI genes was compared with conventional culturing on 103 cultured samples from horses with suspected strangles or other upper respiratory disease. The real-time PCR system was found to be more sensitive than conventional cultivation as two additional field isolates of S. equi and four of S. zooepidemicus were detected. 相似文献
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对出现精神沉郁、食欲减退、拉稀、脚软和共济失调症状,其后死亡,的鸭病例,进行常规诊断、动物试验,结果分离到一株细菌,命名为GDYJS-1.分离株通过生长特性、凝集试验、染色特性及VITEK-32微生物鉴定系统生化试验鉴定为沙门氏菌;16S rRNA基因序列的测定与分析,鉴定为鼠伤寒沙门氏菌. 相似文献
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Alber J El-Sayed A Lämmler C Hassan AA Weiss R Zschöck M 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2004,51(10):455-458
The closely related streptococcal species Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus and S. equi subsp. equi were identified by polymerase chain reaction using oligonucleotide primers designed according to species-specific parts of the superoxide dismutase A encoding gene sodA. A further differentiation of both subspecies could be performed by amplification of the genes seeH and seeI encoding the exotoxins SeeH and SeeI, respectively, which could be detected for S. equi subsp. equi but not for S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus. A further simplification of the identification and differentiation of both subspecies was conducted by sodA-seeI multiplex polymerase chain reaction. 相似文献
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根据现有细菌分类鉴定方法,采用血清学、Biolog、16S rRNA序列分析和全基因组序列分析等方法对羊败血性链球菌病疫苗生产检验用菌种CVCC 553、55001和55002进行系统鉴定。结果显示,菌种CVCC 553、55001和55002血清群为兰氏C群;Biolog鉴定为马链球菌反刍亚种;16S rRNA序列分析与马链球菌反刍亚种模式菌株CECT 5772的同源性最高(均为99.72%),且在系统发育树中位于同一分支;与马链球菌反刍亚种模式菌株CCUG 47520的DNA-DNA的杂交值大于70%,分别为80.5%、80.2%、80.5%,与马链球菌反刍亚种模式菌株CECT 5772的平均核苷酸同源性分别为97.73%、97.64%、97.77%。因此本研究认为羊败血性链球菌病疫苗生产用菌种CVCC 553、55001和55002应为马链球菌反刍亚种。 相似文献