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1.
沙门菌作为常见的食源性病原菌之一,同时是引起断奶仔猪腹泻的重要病原菌之一,我国每年因沙门菌感染所引起的经济损失严重。沙门菌感染通常会导致猪副伤寒,主要特征是严重的系统性疾病,并且可能会导致肠炎或腹泻性疾病。本研究通过收集全国范围内仔猪腹泻样品,对沙门菌进行分离鉴定,了解规模化猪场沙门菌流行情况,同时对沙门菌抗生素敏感性进行分析。从我国16个省份,84个猪场,571份样品中分离得到的128株沙门菌中,发现最常见的血清型是鼠伤寒沙门菌,其次是德尔卑沙门菌、伦敦沙门菌、婴儿沙门菌、韦太夫雷登沙门菌和阿贡纳沙门菌。这些沙门菌的耐药情况严重,尤其是复方新诺明,其耐药率高达100%。 相似文献
2.
旨在了解河南省鸡沙门菌临床分离株血清型分布及药物敏感情况。从河南省各地区养鸡场共采集了沙门菌可疑病料617份,按常规方法进行分离,经生化、PCR及血清型鉴定,共分离出98株鸡源沙门菌,其中血清型定型82株,主要为肠炎沙门菌(62.24%)、鸡白痢沙门菌(18.37%)。进一步Kindy-Bauer(KB)法检测分离菌株对22种药物敏感性表明,所有分离菌株对多粘菌素B、阿米卡星、庆大霉素、萘啶酸较为敏感,对阿齐霉素和氨苄西林耐药率在60.00%～70.00%之间,对红霉素和青霉素表现为极高的耐药性,耐药率高达100.00%。三重以上耐药菌株高达96.94%,七耐以上的菌株为56.12%,耐药最多的菌株可耐18种抗生素。由此可见,河南省禽类沙门菌的感染流行主要以肠炎沙门菌和鸡白痢沙门菌为主,多重耐药十分严重,严重影响了禽类沙门菌病的诊治与预防。 相似文献
3.
为了分析莱阳地区鸡场中沙门菌的流行情况和耐药性情况,2022-2023年采集莱阳地区中56个鸡场中疑似沙门菌感染的鸡的肛拭子、粪便、肝脏、脾脏及肾脏病料组织样品213份,采用细菌分离培养、革兰氏染色、生化试验鉴定及PCR扩增鉴定等多种方法进行沙门菌分离鉴定。采用人工感染试验动物和K-B药敏纸片法对分别检测分离的沙门菌的致病性及对常用药物的耐药性。结果表明,从莱阳地区中56个鸡场中疑似沙门菌感染的鸡的肛拭子、粪便、肝脏、脾脏及肾脏病料组织样品213份中分离得到119株沙门菌,其中82株菌可以引起雏鸡的发病与死亡,对雏鸡的死亡率在40%之间;82株致病性沙门菌对磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、多西环素、新霉素等8种药物耐药率在58.5%～100.0%之间,对其他药物存在不同程度耐药性。结果表明,从莱阳地区鸡场中得到92株致病性沙门菌对常用的抗菌药产生不同的耐药性。本研究为莱阳地区鸡场中沙门菌的流行病调查及指导临床合理用药提供参考依据。 相似文献
4.
为了有效防控雏鸡白痢沙门菌病,试验自保定某蛋种鸡场疑似为鸡沙门菌病雏鸡采取肝脏病料进行细菌的分离培养、生化鉴定、鸡白痢沙门菌多价血清学鉴定及沙门菌inv A基因PCR鉴定,并对分离菌进行致病性检测及对7种抗菌药物的耐药性检测。结果表明,10株分离菌的形态特征、生化特性、血清学鉴定结果符合鸡白痢沙门菌的特征,说明从病死雏鸡组织中分离出的细菌为鸡白痢沙门菌。沙门菌inv A基因PCR扩增出373 bp目的片段,进一步证实分离菌为鸡沙门菌。用分离菌株接种雏鸡,其死亡率高达90%,表明该菌株有很高的致病性。10株分离菌株对阿莫西林和青霉素耐药率达100%,对阿齐霉素的耐药率达90%,而对阿米卡星、头孢唑林和庆大霉素耐药性较弱、对氧氟沙星较为敏感。3耐菌株多重耐药比例为42.86%,4耐菌株多重耐药比例为57.14%,5耐菌株多重耐药比例为71.43%,说明雏鸡沙门菌分离株对所试抗菌药物均表现出不同程度的耐药性,且表现出多重耐药现象。本试验为鸡白痢沙门菌病的防治提供参考。 相似文献
5.
沙门菌是一种重要的人兽共患病原菌,不仅可以感染畜禽,而且还可以感染人类。鸡白痢沙门菌、鸡伤寒沙门菌、肠炎沙门菌等感染家禽后可以引起禽沙门菌病,导致隐性带菌感染,甚至引发死亡,给养禽业带来巨大的经济损失。沙门菌感染的家禽及其污染的产品是食源性沙门菌的主要来源之一,不仅阻碍了家禽相关产业的发展,而且也对人类健康构成了巨大威胁。疫苗的使用是防控沙门菌的手段之一,但是疫苗并不能完全有效地控制沙门菌的感染和传播。阐明沙门菌诱导家禽免疫应答规律有助于疫苗的理性设计。文章就沙门菌在家禽中的免疫应答研究进展进行了总结,为禽沙门菌疫苗的研制提供参考。 相似文献
6.
沙门菌在巨噬细胞内的存活是其在宿主内长期定植的主要因素之一,研究利用选择性捕获转录技术(SCOTS)筛选鸡白痢沙门菌S06004株在感染鸡巨噬细胞系HD-11过程中细菌表达的基因.结果显示:鸡白痢沙门菌以MOI值为100:1感染HD-11细胞1h后,感染率达11.75％;选取感染1h时间点作为研究对象,利用SCOTS技术获得了12个鸡白痢沙门菌的转录序列,包括与沙门菌感染相关的毒力基因调控因子invF;构建了invF、tehB和tolC基因插入突变株.突变株侵入HD-11的能力明显低于野生株,反映了SCOTS筛选获得的基因在鸡白痢沙门菌感染巨噬细胞时发挥重要的作用,为深入揭示鸡白痢沙门菌的感染机制提供了基础. 相似文献
7.
本研究采集某鸡场疑似感染鸡白痢的病死鸡组织,进行了沙门菌的分离、鉴定,以及对10种常见抗生素的药物敏感性试验.结果显示:分离株均为鸡白痢沙门菌,对阿米卡星(0％)、庆大霉素(0％)、头孢噻肟(3.70％)的耐药率较低,对链霉素(88.89％)、四环素(62.96％)、阿莫西林(51.85％)的耐药率较高;分离株至少可对... 相似文献
8.
本文旨在研究中国华东地区沙门菌分布情况及其优势菌的血清型变异情况.收集2010年10月-2012年8月来源于江苏、安徽、上海等地区的1 730份禽源样品,进行增菌、纯化、PCR鉴定、血清学试验及生化试验,并对7株血清型有变异的疑似鸡白痢沙门菌进行进一步序列测定,对血清型进行分析.结果表明,本次调查中共分离沙门菌87株,包括鼠伤寒沙门菌、德尔卑沙门菌、圣保罗沙门菌、鸡白痢沙门菌及阿巴特图巴沙门菌,并且在鸡白痢沙门菌血清型H相存在Hd、Hg阳性的现象.结果提示,中国禽类沙门菌感染以鸡白痢沙门菌感染为主,且存在血清型变异情况,变异概率呈上升趋势. 相似文献
9.
鸡白痢沙门菌病是危害养禽业的重要疫病,主要由受感染的鸡只(包括发病鸡或外观健康带菌鸡)通过个体间的水平传播和经种蛋传给下一代的垂直传播而引起感染和疾病的扩散。文章从鸡白痢沙门菌的传播方式、污染关键点、检疫净化,尤其是父母代蛋种鸡沙门菌阴性群的维持措施等方面进行了分析。为制定父母代蛋种鸡的沙门菌净化与防控措施提供参考。 相似文献
10.
为了解惠州地区鸡白痢和鸡伤寒沙门菌病的发生与流行现状,为本病的防治提供依据,采用平板凝集试验对惠州地区的部分禽群进行鸡白痢和鸡伤寒沙门菌病血清学调查。结果显示,惠州地区鸡白痢和鸡伤寒沙门菌病抗体阳性率为8.30%,惠州地区不同养殖模式鸡群、不同县(区)(仲恺区除外)鸡群、不同日龄鸡群、不同用途鸡群,种禽场不同性别禽群均有不同程度感染鸡白痢和鸡伤寒沙门菌病,说明惠州地区的鸡群受鸡白痢和鸡伤寒沙门菌病感染的情况普遍存在,相关部门应该切实加强对该病的防制与净化工作。 相似文献
11.
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario. Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously. 相似文献
13.
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
14.
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
15.
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection. 相似文献
17.
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
18.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated. Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively. 相似文献
19.
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
20.
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%). Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
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