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1.
大白菜的适宜AFLP-Pst I/Mse I引物组合 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
基于PCR的DNA指纹鉴定技术AFLP广泛应用于生物多样性、遗传图谱构建、基因定位、分子系统发育和品种鉴定等方面.为了筛选出大白菜适宜的AFLP引物组合,研究以抗根肿病大白菜双单倍体CR Shinki、感病自交系94SK及其后代F2构成的纯合抗病和纯合感病DNA混合池为材料,利用256对Pst I/Mse I引物组合进行了AFLP分析.结果表明:平均每个组合检测到55条带,共扩增13 079条带,平均每1 000条带检测到1.30个根肿病抗性基因连锁标记;多态性带数为3 167条,双亲间多态性频率约为0.24;扩增带数与多态性带数呈线性正相关,引物组合中的不同GC含量与扩增带数和多态性带数存在显著性差异,并表现出线性负相关.筛选出的适宜53对引物组合共扩增出4 381条带,占总扩增片断的33.50%,平均每对扩增出83条,其中9个组合扩增出与抗根肿病基因连锁标记. 相似文献
2.
葎草DNA的提取及AFLP标记反应体系的建立 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文对CTAB法、改良CTAB法和SDS法提取雌雄异株植物葎草(Humulus scandens L.)基因组的方法进行了比较分析,并在此基础上对影响葎草AFLP扩增的关键因素模板浓度、酶切时间、选择性扩增模板浓度进行了优化.结果表明,改良的CTAB法更适合葎草基因组DNA的提取;同时利用AFLP分子标记技术,采用EcoI-Mse I酶切组合,共筛选27对引物组合,确定了适用于葎草AFLP反应的最佳酶切连接、预扩和选扩体系.同时发现2对引物组合E-ACG M-CTA和E-AAC M-CAC共扩增出5条雌雄性别特异条带. 相似文献
3.
《分子植物育种》2017,(8)
本研究利用cDNA-AFLP技术对大豆RN型细胞质雄性不育系及其同核异质保持系进行多态性分析。提取不育系和保持系的总RNA,反转录成cDNA。以cDNA为模板,通过PCR对64对AFLP引物进行扩增筛选,对不育系或保持系中特有的差异带进行回收测序,通过NCBI-Blast同源比对分析得到12条同源序列,其中8条序列为已知功能的基因,4条为未知功能基因。其中与线粒体基因同源的序列A4,编码ATP合成酶γ亚基蛋白基因同源的序列A1,编码减数分裂不联会突变蛋白同源的序列B1可能与不育有关。这些片段的发现为不育机制的深入研究提供帮助,同时可作为不育系及保持系快速鉴定的依据,对缩短育种年限,加快育种进程具有重要意义。 相似文献
4.
应用AFLP技术检测水稻遗传多样性的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用扩增片断长度多态性（Amplified fragment lenth polymorphism简作AFLP)分子标记技术研究了23个水稻品种的遗传多样性从49对AFLP引物中筛选出4对多态性高，分辨能力强的引物。4个AFLP引物组合分别扩增出43、37、49、33条多态性带，平均每个引物组合扩出40．5条多态性带，4个引物组合共扩增出246条带。利用AFLP数据进行聚类分析，将23个品种聚为10个类群，结果表明，AFLP在水稻类群划分的应用是可行的。 相似文献
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甜瓜雌雄异花同株近等基因系的构建及近等性评价 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
雌雄异花同株类型在甜瓜杂交制种时可部分免除人工去雄,确保杂交种纯度,所以,对杂种优势利用中有着重要价值.为了研究和利用控制甜瓜雌雄异花同株基因A,用雌雄异花同株材料Mr作母本P1,雄花两性花材料Mm作父本P2,用P1做轮回亲本与F1杂交,经连续回交并最终自交纯化,获得雌雄异花同株近等基因系(BC6F4).用形态相似法和AFLP标记对获得的近等基因系和轮回亲本进行分析,结果表明:(1)Mr xMm的F2与BC6S1分离群体中,雌雄异花同株株数与雄花两性花株数符合3:1比例,回交群体中雌雄异花同株株数和雄花两性花株数符合1:1的比例;在发育期、果皮色、网纹等农艺性状上没有明显差异;(2)用448对AFLP引物检测轮回亲本和近等基因系之间多态性,有417对引物没有多态性,31对有多态性,统计得其遗传相似系数为99.73%;(3)平均每个AFLP引物对可扩增出46.8条带,说明AFLP揭示的遗传信息量很高,是一种评价近等性较理想的分子标记,这与以往结果一致. 相似文献
9.
AFLP分析小豆种(Vigna angularis)内遗传多样性 总被引：10，自引：4，他引：10
利用12对AFLP引物,对来自于世界6个国家的146份小豆(Vigna angularis)栽培变种(var. angularis)和野生变种(var. nipponensis)种质的基因组DNA进行扩增,得到580条清晰的显带,其中313(53.93%)条呈多态性,平均每对AFLP引物得到26.08条多态性带;平均遗传距离0.35,变异幅度为0.00～0.87.利用AFLP多态性数据进行的Jaccard''s遗传距 相似文献
10.
西瓜种质资源的遗传多样性及亲缘关系的AFLP分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
利用AFLP指纹图谱分析技术对57个西瓜材料进行了基因组DNA多态性分析.结果表明,18对AFLP引物共产生709条DNA带,平均每个引物组合扩增出39.4条带,其中440条为多态性带,占总带数的61.4%;根据DNA谱带计算品种间遗传相似系数,其变化范围在0.24～0.99之间,平均相似系数为0.70,说明西瓜品种间遗传基础狭窄.用NTSYS软件进行聚类分析,57个西瓜品种被划分为2个类群.其中类群1包括1个野生西瓜,类群2均为栽培种.在类群2中引进的资源聚在一起,杂交种和双亲或其一聚在一起.此外,本研究表明,AFLP指纹分析技术具有很高的分辨率,能够揭示西瓜品种间的差异,是鉴定西瓜品种的有力工具. 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
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Richard N. Lester 《Euphytica》1989,44(1-2):125-132
Summary An hypothesis is developed that the rapid change from wild plants into domesticated crops principally involves the selection of alleles with non-functional gene products which leads to reduced control of the highly integrated metabolism and morphogenesis previously accumulated by lengthy natural selection. Such disturbance of the genome produces altered physiological and morphological development which, although deleterious in nature, serves mankind better and has been selected. 相似文献
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B. Julier P. Guy C. Castillo-Acuna G. Caubel C. Ecalle M. Esquibet V. Furstoss C. Huyghe C. Lavaud A. Porcheron P. Pracros G. Raynal 《Euphytica》1996,91(2):241-250
Summary Twenty-five lucerne populations of the Medicago sativa complex, which were either diploid or tetraploid and wild or cultivated, were analysed for their resistance to four different fungal diseases and to stem nematode. Forage quality, including stem digestibility and saponin content, was also tested.Populations varied in susceptibility to the diseases caused by Colletotrichum trifolii, Verticillium albo-atrum, Sclerotinia trifoliorum and Pseudopezizza medicaginis, and to the nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci. Except for Sclerotinia rot, sativa and falcata subspecies differed in susceptibility, but this grouping of populations did not account for the full range of variation among them. However, the resistance to P. medicaginis was much lower in the sativa than in the falcata populations.Populations also varied significantly in stem fiber content and digestibility. Stem digestibility was negatively correlated to forage yield. Wild sativa and falcata populations had lower fiber content and higher digestibility than cultivated sativa populations. The medicagenic acid was the sapogenin responsible for the anti-nutritional effect of the lucerne measured by the yellow mealworm larvae Tenebrio molitor. The medicagenic acid content was lowest for the pure sativa populations, highest for the pure falcata populations, and intermediate for the French sativa varieties that have some traits originating from falcata germplasm. Some populations could be used in breeding programs to improve disease and nematode resistance, and forage quality. 相似文献
16.
In order to explore the pharmacological effects of active components of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on the central nervous system,through consulting related literatures,... 相似文献
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[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Pb on rhizosphere soil enzyme activity and chemical constituents of Achyranthes bidentat... 相似文献
18.
不同P-Zn配比对小麦幼苗微量元素营养的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用了螯合-缓冲营养液培养方法对小麦进行了苗期培养试验,在3个P水平(0,0.6,3.0 mmol/L)和3个Zn水平(0,3,30 μmol/L)的完全组合下对小麦苗期生长及Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养进行了研究,旨在为小麦微肥施用提供理论依据.结果表明,P、Zn的正常供应促进了小麦生长,二者的缺乏与过量均会抑制小麦发育,且这种影响在冠部表现得更为明显.在小麦苗期,Zn与Cu的吸收存在明显的拮抗作用,但供Zn则促进了Zn和Cu的转运,而Mn转运则受到了抑制;过量供Zn时,大量Zn被转运到冠部,同时明显抑制了(Fe+Cu+Mn)的吸收总量;P的供应显著地抑制了Fe的吸收,但P的供应提高了Zn、Cu、Mn的转运率;P、Zn在对Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn间吸收竞争的影响中,Zn本身的影响要比P的影响更为明显,供Zn明显促进了小麦幼苗对Zn的吸收;在小麦幼苗冠部,Zn与Fe的竞争中,供P利于Zn的吸收,缺P则利于Fe的吸收;而Zn与Cu以及Zn与Mn间的竞争中,缺磷时利于Zn的吸收,供磷后则利于Cu和Mn的吸收.总之,小麦幼苗Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养中,P、Zn的不同配比会不同程度地改变Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn的协同或拮抗效应. 相似文献
19.
Summary
Glycine tabacina (Labill.) Benth. is a wild perennial species related to the cultivated soybean, G. max (L.) Merr. It is composed of diploid (2n=40) and tetraploid (2n=80) cytotypes. Currently, to differentiate the cytotypes, plants are grown out in the greenhouse and chromosome counts made on pollen mother cells. It is a laborious and time consuming process. The objective of this study was to determine whether electrophoretic techniques could be utilized to separate the cytotypes. Electrophoretic examination of seven isozyme systems from seed of 67 G. tabacina accessions revealed banding patterns that could be used to differentiate between diploid and tetraploid cytotypes in the species. Among the tetraploid accessions, the number of bands observed were always greater than the diploids. Some tetraploid banding patterns consisted of bands similar to the diploid tabacina and/or additional bands previously identified in other Glycine species. The patterns of isozyme multiplicity and variation in the tetraploid tabacinas suggests more than one mode of origin for the tetraploids. 相似文献
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Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献