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根据生态条件及市场对肉牛产品的需求,肉牛业发展的关键技术是普及推广优良种畜如夏洛来、利木赞、西门塔尔等优良肉牛品种,采用牛细管冷冻精液人工授精先进技术,改良本地牛,提高牛群整体质量;大力推广以幼龄牛育肥为主,架子牛育肥为辅的肉牛育肥技术;进行草场改良及农业区粗饲料加工处理，保证肉牛所需粗饲料的数量及质量。 相似文献
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不同肉牛品种育肥与屠宰性能的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国牛业科学》2016,(4)
[目的]研究马关县不同品种肉牛的育肥及肉质特点。[方法]选取马关县主要饲养的黄牛、瘤牛、西门塔尔杂交牛和短角杂交牛进行育肥与屠宰试验。[结果]黄牛、瘤牛、西门塔尔杂交牛和短角杂交牛平均日增重分别为0.94kg、0.87kg、1.93和1.67kg,每公斤增重所需饲料干物质为10.5、13.43、5.59和6.46kg;屠宰率分别为59.4%、61.7%、55.0%和55.1%,胴体产肉率分别为83.3%、83.2%、82.5%和80.7%;不同品种肉牛的胴体重、产肉量、特级、高档和优质肉块的产量,以及眼肌面积主要决定于屠宰前活重;西门塔尔杂交牛的背膘厚度与其他品种相比较小,大理石花纹也较差,背最长肌的脂肪含量也最低;背最长肌肌纤维直径西门塔尔杂交牛和短角杂交牛的最细,瘤牛和黄牛较粗,而嫩度值各品种间差异不大。[结论]黄牛和瘤牛育肥性能较差,但具有较好的屠宰性能。 相似文献
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正1梨树县肉牛养殖的基本情况梨树县是国家秸秆养牛示范县,吉林省优质肉牛系列开发项目的龙头县之一,秸秆饲料资源丰富,肉牛产业发展平稳。1.1肉牛种源基础好,品种优良我县自20世纪80年代引进德系、苏系西门塔尔牛和夏洛莱牛,对本地肉牛进行品种改良,是全省第一个黄牛改良"全冷县",现有牛人工授精改良站点88个,繁改技术人员112人,繁改网络覆盖全县。 相似文献
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正1我县肉牛养殖的基本情况梨树县是国家秸秆养牛示范县,吉林省优质肉牛系列开发项目的龙头县之一,秸秆饲料资源丰富,肉牛产业发展平稳。1.1肉牛种源基础好,品种优良。我县自20世纪80年代引进德系、苏系西门塔尔牛和夏洛莱牛,对本地肉牛进行品种改良,是全省第一个黄牛改良"全冷县",现有牛人工授精改良站点88个,繁改技术人员112人,繁改网络覆盖全县。1.2肉牛养殖起步早,群众基础较好。多年来, 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2016,(3)
为了研究云南省肉牛地方品种与育成品种生产性能之间的差异,试验选择月龄相近、健康状况良好的文山牛、西门塔尔牛、云岭牛在相同营养水平和统一水平管理条件下进行育肥和屠宰,测定肉牛的生长性能、产肉性能,分析它们之间生产性能的差异。结果表明:文山牛体重曲线分布较广,个体间差异较大;云岭牛生长性能稳定;西门塔尔牛屠宰体重极显著高于文山牛、云岭牛(P0.01),但生长稳定性略低于云岭牛。3个品种牛1.0~1.5岁日增重差异不显著(P0.05)。文山牛体高生长极显著快于西门塔尔牛和云岭牛(P0.01)。文山牛(1.5岁时)胴体重极显著低于西门塔尔牛和云岭牛(P0.01),西门塔尔牛与云岭牛差异不显著(P0.05);3个品种间屠宰率差异不显著(P0.05);文山牛骨骼重极显著低于西门塔尔牛和云岭牛(P0.01),西门塔尔牛与云岭牛间差异不显著(P0.05)。说明文山牛在育肥期无论生长速度、体尺变化还是屠宰率并不亚于西门塔尔牛和云岭牛,但文山牛胴体重和骨骼重低于西门塔尔牛和云岭牛,即文山牛早期生长缓慢;而西门塔尔牛早期生长快,屠宰体重最大;云岭牛生产性能优越,表现稳定,是规模化养殖很好的育成品种。 相似文献
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正架子牛育肥增重快,育肥期短,周转快,是一种比较经济的肉牛育肥方式。我国肉牛养殖户多采用的是架子牛育肥,发挥了较好的经济效益。但有些农户专业知识有限,在育肥过程中存在着各种各样的问题,以下几个问题尤为关键:1提前备好草料架子牛育肥所用的饲料分两类:一类是精饲料,以能量饲料原料为主,典型配方:玉米73%、麸皮8%、棉籽饼15%、磷酸氢钙1%、食盐1%、添加剂 相似文献
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肉牛育肥是肉牛生产的关键,在这一阶段中,肉牛生长速度快、饲料利用率高,便于进行高强度育肥,生产高档牛肉。一般农户选择育成牛或架子牛进行短期育肥,这就要求对牛的选种以及饲养管理等要有一定的技术。1引种1.1品种选择目前我国多选用以利木赞牛、夏洛来牛、西门塔尔牛、皮埃蒙特牛等作为父本,以当地黄牛作为母本的杂交牛,其特点是体型大、成熟早、增重快、肉质好;其次是国内一些良种黄牛,如秦川牛、鲁西牛、晋南牛、延边牛等,其特点是体型大、肉质好,但增重速度慢、育肥期长。当前在有些地区西杂二代牛或三元杂交牛比较受欢迎。1.2体型外… 相似文献
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Beran GW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):198-207
When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures. 相似文献
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Dekker A Dercksen D Snoep J van Wuyjckhuise L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2007,132(18):695-701
On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures. 相似文献
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在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。 相似文献
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近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。 相似文献
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