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茶树有益微生物对茶树病原菌的抑制作用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
茶树有益微生物对茶树病原菌的抑制作用①胡淑霞（安徽农业大学茶业系，合肥２３００３６）ＦＵＮＧＩＳＴＡＴＩＣＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＡＢＥＮＥＦＩＣＩＡＬＭＩＣＲＯＢＥＯＮＴＨＥＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＯＦＴＷＯＴＥＡＰＡＴＨＯＧＥＮＳＨＵＳｈｕ－ｘｉａ（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍ... 相似文献
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用从猪传染性胃炎病毒（ＴＧＥＶ）强毒Ｍｉｌｌｅｒ株（Ｍ５Ｃ）克隆建立的一株的重组杆状病毒（Ｒ２－２）表达的重组ＴＧＥＶ钉状糖蛋白（Ｓｐｉｋｅ，Ｓ）建立了一种阻断酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）来检测猪群中抗ＴＧＥＶ抗体。实验表明，用重组病毒Ｒ２－２接种昆虫传代细胞系Ｓｐｏｄｏｐｔｅｒａ ｆｒｕｇｉｐｅｒｄａ（ｓｆ９），所表达的重组蛋白量在接种后第７２小明达到最高值；该重组蛋白能与抗ＴＧＥＶ Ｓ蛋白Ａ 相似文献
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渗透胁迫对梭梭幼苗体内保护酶活性的影响及其抗旱性研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
分别用浓度为０、－０．５、－１．０、－１．５和－２．０ＭＰａ的ＰＥＧ（６０００）处理梭幼苗１２ｈ，测定体内ＳＯＤ、ＣＡＴ和ＰＯＤ活性，ＭＤＡ和蛋白质含量以及膜透性。结果表明：Ｄ 渗透胁迫小于－１．５ＭＰａ情况下，梭梭幼苗具有较高的ＳＯＤ活性，ＣＡＴ和ＰＯＤ活性随渗透胁迫加强而升高；ＭＤＡ含量和膜透性维持在较低的水平。表明梭纪苗具有较强的抗旱性。 相似文献
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保根菌剂防治大豆胞囊线虫病初报①王忠玉王昌家杜增杰代瑞平吴德民张云奎赵九昌（黑龙江省农垦局五九七农场，宝清１５６６１０）ＦＩＥＬＤＴＥＳＴＳＯＦＳＯＹＢＥＡＮＲＯＯＴＢＩＯ┐ＰＲＯＴＥＣＴＡＮＴＩＮ５９７ＦＡＲＭＷＡＮＧＺｈｏｎｇ－ｙｕＷＡＮＧＣｈａ... 相似文献
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贵州烟仓昆虫天敌初步观察 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
贵州烟仓昆虫天敌初步观察①高念昭（贵州农学院植保系，贵阳５５００２５）ＰＲＥＬＩＭＩＮＡＲＹＯＢＳＥＲＶＡＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＮＡＴＵＲＡＬＥＮＥＭＩＥＳＯＮＳＴＯＲＥＤＴＯＢＡＣＣＯＩＮＳＥＣＴＰＥＳＴＳＩＮＧＵＩＺＨＯＵＧＡＯＮｉａｎ－ｚｈａｏ（Ｄｅｐ... 相似文献
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本试验于１９９６年对来自美国、加拿大和欧洲的１０６个小麦矮腥黑穗病菌（ＴＣＫ）和小麦网腥黑穗病菌（ＴＣＴ）菌瘿进行了冬孢子网脊高度值测量和自发荧光显微学观察。结果表明，网脊高度指数值（ＬＩ－Ｒ）可以准确地鉴别不同来源的ＴＣＫ菌瘿，准确率达９８．６％，而来源于美国和加拿大的ＴＣＴ菌瘿则有不同程度的错判。自发荧光显微学方法可准确地鉴别不同来源的ＴＣＴ菌瘿，准确率达１００％，同时也能较准确地鉴别不同来源的ＴＣＫ菌瘿，但不适合鉴别保存时间过长或已死亡的ＴＣＫ菌瘿。结合这两个特征，将能比较可靠地对菌瘿进行鉴别 相似文献
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几株真菌代谢产物对小菜蛾和菜青虫的杀虫效果 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
几株真菌代谢产物对小菜蛾和菜青虫的杀虫效果①姚丽娟（浙江省科学院亚热带作物研究所，温州３２５００５）ＩＮＳＥＣＴＩＣＩＤＡＬＥＦＦＩＣＡＣＹＯＦＳＥＶＥＲＡＬＳＴＲＡＩＮＳＯＦＦＵＮＧＡＬＭＥＴＡＢＯＬＩＴＥＴＯＤＩＡＭＯＮＤＢＡＣＫＭＯＴＨＡＮＤＣ... 相似文献
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Frederick RD Snyder KE Tooley PW Berthier-Schaad Y Peterson GL Bonde MR Schaad NW Knorr DA 《Phytopathology》2000,90(9):951-960
ABSTRACT Karnal bunt of wheat, caused by Tilletia indica, was found in regions of the southwestern United States in 1996. Yield losses due to Karnal bunt are slight, and the greatest threat of Karnal bunt to the U.S. wheat industry is the loss of its export market. Many countries either prohibit or restrict wheat imports from countries with Karnal bunt. In 1997, teliospores morphologically resembling T. indica were isolated from bunted ryegrass seeds and wheat seed washes. Previously developed PCR assays failed to differentiate T. indica from the recently discovered ryegrass pathogen, T. walkeri. The nucleotide sequence of a 2.3 kb region of mitochondrial DNA, previously amplified by PCR only from T. indica, was determined for three isolates of T. indica and three isolates of T. walkeri. There was greater than 99% identity within either the T. indica group or the T. walkeri group of isolates, whereas there was =3% divergence between isolates of these two Tilletia species. Five sets of PCR primers were made specific to T. indica, and three sets were designed specifically for T. walkeri based upon nucleotide differences within the mitochondrial DNA region. In addition, a 212 bp amplicon was developed as a target sequence in a fluorogenic 5' nuclease PCR assay using the TaqMan system for the detection and discrimination of T. indica and T. walkeri. 相似文献
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小麦印度腥黑穗病菌PCR检测 总被引：6，自引：11，他引：6
应用PCR方法对小麦印度腥黑穗病菌及其近似种或相关种包括黑麦草腥黑粉菌、狼尾草腥黑粉菌、水稻腥黑粉菌等10种腥黑粉菌共14个菌株进行了检测研究。根据线粒体DNA的序列分别设计了扩增小麦印度腥黑穗病菌的特异性引物和扩增黑麦草腥黑粉菌的特异性引物，根据核糖体内转录区（ITS）DNA片段设计了扩增腥黑粉菌属真菌的引物，应用PCR方法能将小麦印度腥黑穗病菌与黑麦草腥黑粉菌及其它近似种或相关种加以区分。本方法稳定、可靠、重复性强，已分别在不同实验室的不同型号PCR仪上得到验证。 相似文献
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Australian wheat consigned for export from Australian ports was surveyed in March 2004 using a national diagnostic protocol for detection and identification of Tilletia indica . No ustilospores of T. indica were detected, confirming previous surveys which have failed to detect T. indica in Australia. However, the survey detected moderate levels of the common smuts Tilletia caries (syn. Tilletia tritici ), Tilletia laevis and Urocystis agropyri , and very low levels (average fewer than six ustilospores per 150 g sample) of an unidentified dark, tuberculate-spored Tilletia in ≈ 60% of samples tested. Comparison with herbarium specimens enabled identification of the majority of the tuberculate ustilospores as Tilletia ehrhartae , a smut fungus known to infect only Ehrharta calycina (perennial veldt grass) and which is common in southern Australia. A smaller number of tuberculate smut ustilospores were identified as Tilletia walkeri , a smut of Lolium spp. recorded in Australia but apparently uncommon. Both T. ehrhartae and T. walkeri bear sufficient resemblance to T. indica for misidentifications to be possible where only a very few ustilospores are seen, although T. ehrhartae ustilospores are always <25 µ m in diameter. The frequent presence of ustilospores of both T. ehrhartae and T. walkeri as contaminants of Australian wheat grain exports has significance for diagnosticians testing Australian export wheat, as it demonstrates the potential for tuberculate ustilospores of species other than those covered in existing diagnostic protocols to be misidentified as T. indica . This paper describes T. ehrhartae in detail, and provides criteria for its differentiation from T. indica , T. walkeri and some other species. 相似文献
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小麦矮腥黑粉菌及其近缘种的RPB2基因片段序列分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以小麦矮腥黑粉菌（Tilletia controversa Kühn）及其近缘种小麦网腥黑粉菌［T. caries （DC.）Tul.］、小麦光腥黑粉菌(T. laevis Kühn)和其他6种黑粉菌的DNA为模板,用RNA聚合酶II的第2亚基RPB2基因的通用引物RPB2-740F/RPB2-1365R进行PCR扩增。结果表明,3种小麦腥黑粉菌均能扩增出617 bp大小的DNA片段,供试的其他6种黑粉菌没有任何扩增产物。利用DNAMAN软件进行序列分析结果表明,3种小麦腥黑粉菌的RPB2蛋白基因序列的相似性为99.08%,存在17个碱基的差异。利用RPB2基因的通用引物作为小麦腥黑粉菌的内置对照引物,与小麦矮腥黑粉菌的特异引物CQUTCK2/CQUTCK3相结合可提高小麦矮腥黑粉菌检测的准确性。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT A polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay to distinguish Tilleita walkeri, a rye grass bunt fungus that occurs in the southeastern United States and Oregon, from T. indica, the Karnal bunt fungus, is described. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal DNA repeat unit was amplified and sequenced for isolates of T. indica, T. walkeri, T. horrida, and a number of other taxa in the genus Tilletia. A unique restriction digest site in the ITS1 region of T. walkeri was identified that distinguishes it from the other taxa in the genus. Phylogenetic analysis of the taxa based on ITS sequence data revealed a close relationship between T. indica and T. walkeri, but more distant relationships between these two species and other morphologically similar taxa. 相似文献
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Tilletia indica Mitra is a fungal pathogen causing Karnal bunt of wheat. Tilletia indica is a quarantine pest in many countries worldwide. In the European Union, imported wheat grain from countries where the fungus is present must be checked for the presence of T. indica teliospores. The inspection services at the borders need rapid, sensitive and reliable detection tests to identify T. indica spores on wheat grain. In this work, validation was carried out according to EPPO Standard PM 7/98 to evaluate the multiplex real‐time PCR test described in ISPM 27 Diagnostic Protocol for regulated pests (Annex 4 Tilletia indica Mitra) by means of a test performance study with nine participating laboratories, and the performance characteristics of the test were established. The original protocol was modified with regard to the extraction of DNA from the pellet obtained from the ‘washing test’ and the enrichment PCR step in order to increase the amount of template DNA for the real‐time PCR. The optimized test still has five teliospores as the limit of detection for the contaminated pellet but has an increased analytical sensitivity and had positive results with three teliospores in 93% of cases instead of 43% for the original test. The two closest Tilletia species, Tilletia horrida and Tilletia walkeri, were used to evaluate analytical specificity (exclusivity) and no cross‐reactions were obtained. Diagnostic sensitivity, diagnostic specificity, accordance and concordance were also evaluated. 相似文献
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A quantitative real-time PCR assay using TaqMan chemistry has been developed to quantify the level of Tilletia spp. contamination in wheat-seed lots. In the UK wheat seed is predominantly contaminated with Tilletia caries (syn. Tilletia tritici ), and the probability of detecting other Tilletia spp. is negligible. DNA standards, prepared from T. caries spores, were calibrated using a set of 26 seed samples, with T. caries contamination levels ranging from 0 to 1000 spores per seed. The linear calibration model obtained by the regression of log10 (number of spores per seed + 1) on mean log10 DNA ( µ g) produced a coefficient of determination ( R 2 ) of 0·904. The calibration model was tested using 226 seed samples; of these, 91% fell within the 95% confidence intervals. Of the 21 samples that were outside the limits, 16 were overpredictions and five underpredictions. The five underpredictions were all from seed samples where contamination was less than one spore per seed. The model predicts that samples with 44 pg of DNA will be below one spore per seed with 95% probability. Of the 226 test samples compared with this threshold, 99 contained less than 44 pg DNA, and these were found to have less than one spore per seed by microscopic assay. This real-time assay allows an increase in test throughput and provides the sensitivity required for an advisory threshold of one spore per seed. 相似文献