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1.
中国耕地空间格局变化及其生态系统服务价值响应 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
研究耕地空间格局变化对耕地生态系统服务供给能力的影响,能为我国耕地空间格局优化和耕地生态保护提供科学参考,具有重要的理论和实践意义。以往研究缺乏全国耕地生态系统服务供给能力动态变化的综合研究,因此在深入分析耕地空间格局演变的基础上,构建了图斑尺度的耕地生态系统服务价值时空异质评估模型,全面评估2000—2015年我国耕地生态系统服务价值,探究了我国耕地生态系统服务供给能力时空变化规律。结果表明:(1)2000—2015年,中国耕地重心持续向西北方向迁移,水田和旱地重心分别向西北和东北迁移。北方干旱半干旱区旱地持续增加,东北平原区水田持续增加,其他农业区耕地持续减少;(2)2000—2015年我国耕地生态系统服务总价值和单位面积价值均减少,减幅分别为1.35%和0.55%。耕地供给服务总价值和单位面积价值增加,调节服务、支持服务和文化服务总价值与单位面积价值均减少。(3)中国耕地生态系统服务价值变化空间分异明显。北方的北方干旱半干旱区、东北平原区耕地生态系统服务总价值增加,单位价值减少; 青藏高原区耕地生态系统服务总价值和单位价值均减少; 其他农业区耕地生态系统服务总价值减少,而单位价值增加。应通过优化耕地空间格局、精准实施耕地休养生息策略、建立耕地保护生态补偿机制等有效提升耕地生态系统服务供给能力。 相似文献
2.
浙江省耕地多功能价值时空变化与权衡-协同关系 总被引：19，自引：14，他引：5
耕地多功能价值的时空演变与权衡-协同关系测度对于深化耕地可持续利用和管理具有重要意义。该研究以经济快速发展地区浙江省为例,采用价值量化方法对2000、2010和2015年浙江省耕地多功能进行价值评估并分析其时空变化特征。运用Spearman秩相关系数法、双变量空间自相关模型以及可拓展随机性环境影响评估(StochasticImpactsby Regression on Population,Affluence and Technology,STIRPAT)模型探究耕地多功能之间的权衡-协同关系及影响因素。结果表明:1)2000—2015年浙江省耕地多功能总价值下降,地均耕地多功能价值呈现先下降后上升的趋势。其中气体调节、水源涵养和社会保障功能价值下降明显,食物生产和美学景观功能价值增加;耕地多功能总价值在空间上呈现北高南低的分布格局,2000—2015年大部分县市耕地多功能总价值均有不同程度的下降,西南山地丘陵区耕地多功能总价值有所提升。2)浙江省耕地多功能之间主要表现为协同关系,各项功能之间的协同-权衡关系存在空间异质性;2000—2015年,浙江省耕地多功能协同关系总体减弱,在空间上主要表现为高值协同区减少。3)城镇居民可支配收入和地均农业机械总动力对耕地多功能总价值有负面影响,农村居民可支配收入增加有助于耕地多功能总价值的提升。该研究成果可为科学划定耕地利用与保护区,促进耕地多功能的协同利用和提升耕地资源价值提供科学依据。 相似文献
3.
基于耕地保护价值空间特征的非农化区域补偿方法 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
耕地资源是中国重要的基础性、战略性资源,保护耕地资源是国家重大战略。基于耕地价值评价模型对中国31个省（市、自治区）耕地保护价值进行测算,通过定量刻画耕地保护价值空间特征,并建立耕地非农化区域补偿模拟,以期为耕地保护与耕地非农化区域补偿机制构建提供创新性思路。研究结果表明:1)耕地资源保护价值地区差异明显,最高为北京市,达185.21万元/hm~(2),最低为青海省,为44.61万元/hm~(2),两者相差近4.2倍。2)全国31个省（市、自治区）单位面积耕地保护价值具有一定的空间分布特征,经济价值呈现出东北及东部高、西部低的空间分布特征;社会价值中西部区域较高,主要受人口、耕地资源禀赋、经济社会发展水平等因素影响;生态服务价值整体呈现出北部及西北低、东南高的空间分布特征。3)根据耕地非农化区域补偿机制,中央政府作为耕地保护主体之一,2012年需向各省（市、自治区）支付耕地社会稳定与生态服务价值26764.068亿元,占当年全国GDP的5.15%;上海、安徽、广东、广西、宁夏减少的耕地保护收益与耕地非农化补偿支付成本总额分别达10.907亿元、10.283亿元、74.680亿元、66.495亿元、8.529亿元。基于此理论模型,地方政府与中央政府在耕地保护博弈过程中,耕地非农化成本收益自然会成为一个重要决定性因素,这也是耕地资源保护由单一的行政管理向市场配置管理转变的理论和实践基础。 相似文献
4.
干旱区绿洲土地利用变化的生态系统服务价值响应——以甘肃省金塔县为例 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
通过运用土地利用类型动态度、土地利用程度模型、生态系统服务价值估算模型和土地利用调查和变更数据等,分析1990年、2000年和2008年金塔县土地利用变化及其生态系统服务价值变化特征。结果表明:(1)1990—2008年间,耕地、园地、林地、建设用地和水域呈现增加趋势,牧草地和未利用地面积表现为减少趋势,总体土地利用程度为中下水平,处于发展阶段。(2)研究期间生态系统服务总价值呈现上升趋势,从1990年的47.238亿元增加到2008年的48.228亿元(+0.989 9亿元)。水域在研究区生态系统服务总价值中所占份额最大,草地生态服务功能的下降对生态系统服务总价值有明显的负贡献。(3)研究区各类生态系统的生物多样性保护、水源涵养和废物处理等服务性功能价值远大于其粮食生产和原材料等生产性功能价值。因此,该区域水土资源的合理利用与有效管理是实现生态系统服务功能维持和可持续发展的根本。 相似文献
5.
研究将生态价值纳入国民经济核算体系 ,计算得出我国河西走廊陆地年生态系统效益总价值为 2 0 7.90亿元 ,为同期该区年国内生产总值 (1997年GDP188.0 3亿元 )的 1.11倍 ,其中森林年生态系统效益价值为 2 3.6 8亿元 ,占生态系统效益总价值的 11.39% ;草地生态系统效益价值最高 ,占生态系统效益总价值的 79.4 9% ;而绿洲生态系统价值则很低 ,表明了绿洲生态系统的脆弱性。 相似文献
6.
干旱区县域土地覆被变化特征及其生态环境效应——以内蒙古自治区翁牛特旗为例 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
[目的]研究翁牛特旗的土地利用变化特征及其生态环境效应,为该地区生态环境重建提供支持。[方法]选取2006及2015年8月Landsat卫星影像,通过ENVI 5.1提取出翁牛特旗土地利用数据,进而利用土地利用动态度、土地利用类型的空间转移矩阵,以及生物丰度指数、生态系统服务价值和敏感性指数,分别对翁牛特旗土地利用结构的时空演化特征和生态环境效应进行分析。[结果](1)翁牛特旗主要土地利用类型为耕地、林地、草地和沙地,近10a来该旗的土地利用变化呈现为耕地、草地、建设用地增加,林地、沙地和水体面积减少的态势。(2)10a间生物丰度指数从2006年的43.47下降为2015年的42.69,降低1.79%,表明区域的生物量减少,不利于生物多样性发展;生态系统服务总价值从2006年的102.31亿元下降至2015年的98.47亿元,减少了3.84亿元,下降了3.75%,生态环境基本维持着平衡,总体上呈现出微弱的退化。(3)各种土地利用类型的敏感性指数(CS)均小于1,表明研究区生态系统服务价值对于生态服务价值系数不敏感、缺乏弹性。[结论]研究区林地、水体面积的减少,建设用地面积的增加是生态系统服务总价值减少的主要原因。研究区土地利用变化引起的生态系统服务价值和生物丰度的减少,加剧了当地生态环境的脆弱性。 相似文献
7.
黑龙江省巴彦县耕地资源价值体系及价值定量测算 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
耕地资源不仅具有经济价值,还具有社会价值和生态价值。其社会价值和生态价值往往在政府决策及耕地流转交易中被忽视,导致大量耕地资源被过度开发及低效利用。全面显化耕地资源价值,有利于耕地保护和农业可持续发展。以巴彦县为例,在界定耕地资源价值内涵基础上,借鉴资源经济学的市场价值法、替代市场法及成果参照法等研究方法,对耕地资源经济价值、社会价值和生态价值进行了测算。结果表明:（1）巴彦县耕地资源每年提供的功能价值高达672 415.79元/hm2,其中,经济价值为67 661.78元/hm2,社会价值为573 852.33元/hm2,生态价值为30 901.68元/hm2,耕地资源总价值是显化的耕地资源经济价值的9.94倍;（2）巴彦县耕地资源价值以社会价值为主,占其总价值的85.34%,而经济价值和生态价值分别占其总价值的10.06%和4.60%,其中,耕地的社会价值主要体现在社会保障功能上,占其社会价值的67.52%。合理确定巴彦县耕地资源的真实价值,对维护市场等价交换交易,激励农民自觉经营生产和保护耕地,促进区域农业经济的健康稳定发展有一定现实意义。 相似文献
8.
为了探究涪江流域的土地利用结构及其生态服务价值的时空变化,通过预测情景支持未来土地规划,研究基于1980—2018年5期遥感影像,构建生态系统服务价值评估模型并分析时空动态变化,采用GeoSOS-FLUS模拟自然发展情景、耕地安全情景、生态保护情景和快速发展4种情景下未来的土地利用变化及生态系统服务价值的演变趋势。结果表明:(1)1980—2018年,耕地面积减少542.25 km2,减幅为2.57%; 建设用地扩张面积525.66 km2,增幅达255.50%。(2)对应其生态系统服务价值呈增加趋势,由1980年的776.48亿元增加到2018年的783.67亿元,不同土地利用类型对生态系统服务价值的贡献顺序为林地>耕地>水域>草地>未利用土地。(3)在空间上呈现上游高中下游低,下游地区大致呈现由中部向东西两侧递减趋势,流域西南部是低价值区。(4)4种发展情景下,2030年的生态服务价值分别是784.80亿元、740.31亿元、811.09亿元和751.40亿元,相较于2015年变化了1.44亿元(增加)、-43.05亿元(减少)、27.74亿元(增加)和-31.96亿元(减少)。综上,38年来流域生态价值提高,同时模拟结果显示为维持该流域生态安全,需要加强生态用地的抚育。 相似文献
9.
尉犁县土地利用/覆被变化的区域生态系统服务价值变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于尉犁县1993年、2001年、2009年和2017年的遥感影像数据,采用中国陆地生态系统服务价值测算方法,结合研究区实际情况,对生态系统服务价值系数进行了修正,分析了尉犁县土地利用/覆被变化导致的生态系统服务价值变化。结果表明:1993—2017年,尉犁县不同土地利用类型面积总体呈“六增三减”态势;即耕地、建设用地、水域、湿地、盐渍化地与沙漠面积有所增加,林地、草地与未利用地面积有所减少;尉犁县土地利用生态系统服务总价值总体呈增加趋势,从1993年的173.61亿元增加到2017年的206.30亿元,增加了32.69亿元。在整个研究时段内,研究区各土地利用类型对生态系统服务总价值的贡献大小从高到低依次为湿地 > 草地 > 未利用地 > 沙漠 > 水域 > 林地 > 耕地 > 盐渍化地 > 建设用地;敏感性分析结果表明各土地利用类型敏感性指数均<1,表明各土地利用类型生态系统服务价值对生态系统服务总价值的影响较小,缺乏弹性,研究结果可信。 相似文献
10.
甘肃省森林生态系统保育土壤功能及其价值评估 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为更加直观地认识森林的重要生态和经济地位,并为甘肃省生态经济建设的综合决策提供科学的理论依据,实现生态经济可持续发展。以甘肃省重点林区为研究对象,采用物质量和价值量相结合的评价方法,定量地评价甘肃省森林生态系统保育土壤功能和经济价值。结果显示：（1）甘肃省森林生态系统年固土总量为16 620.53万t,年固土总价值为22.10亿元;年保肥总量为988.56万t,年保肥总价值为356.71亿元,森林生态系统年保肥价值占到总固土保肥总价值的94.2%,森林生态系统保肥所产生的价值远远大于固土所产生的价值,占据了主导地位;森林生态系统固土保肥总价值为380.80亿元/年,占甘肃省森林生态系统服务总价值（1 825.92亿元/年）的20.86%。（2）所选取的19种林分类型中,灌木林（222.10亿元/年）在整个森林生态系统固土保肥总价值中占据支配地位,占到总价值的58.32%;乔木林中,其他硬阔类（30.27亿元/年）、栎类（24.25亿元/年）、阔叶混交林（22.22亿元/年）三者固土保肥功能和产生价值较大。甘肃省森林生态系统保育土壤功能及其价值在整个森林生态系统服务中起到至关重要的作用,尤其是灌木林、其他硬阔类、栎类以及阔叶混交林提供的生态系统服务占据优势。 相似文献
11.
低氮和干旱胁迫对富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。 相似文献
12.
Aleš Lebeda Ivana Doležalová Eva Křístková Barbora Mieslerová 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):153-164
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions. 相似文献
13.
Kyle Devey Michael Mucalo Gordon Rajendram Joseph Lane 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):72-80
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing. 相似文献
14.
Thomas Larsen Jesper Luxhøi Jakob Magid Lars Stoumann Jensen Paul Henning Krogh 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2007,44(1):59-68
We have studied the effect of anaerobically digested (ADMSW) and composted municipal solid waste (CMSW) on mineralization
and foodweb dynamics to verify the hypothesis that ADMSW would immobilize N right after addition to soil in contrast to addition
with CMSW. Another hypothesis was that the mesofauna (enchytraeids and microarthropods) would stimulate N release from the
decomposer community. We measured excretion of -N and urea-N from the mesofauna and hypothesized that enchytraeids would release urea. ADMSW and CMSW were amended to pots
with sandy loam and barley. The pots were divided into treatments with or without mesofauna. Mesofauna, plant N and biomass,
soil N and ergosterol (fungal biomass) were measured over a 113-day period of four equidistant samplings. Soil respiration,
N mineralization and N release by the mesofauna were modelled from concurrent studies. ADMSW- and CMSW-treated soils initially
(<20 days) immobilized N. The amendments did not increase plant growth substantially, and this was probably due to N-limitation
in the early stages of plant growth. Enchytraeid abundance was about three times higher in ADMSW- than CMSW-treated soils,
indicating that ADMSW contained more labile compounds, bacteria, and microfauna. The mesofauna did not affect N-content, but
the cumulated -N excreted by the mesofauna was estimated to be substantial and about one-fifth of total plant N in ADMSW. An explanation
for this discrepancy might be that in the absence of the mesofauna, other members of the detrivore and microbivore community
performed the mesofauna’s function. Neither enchytraeids nor microarthropods excreted urea. 相似文献
15.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(6)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
16.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(7)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
17.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(8)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
18.
I.L. Boyd 《Biological conservation》2010,143(7):1664-1674
“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options. 相似文献
19.
Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant-available nutrients under conventional and no tillage 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate. 相似文献
20.
M.A. Callaham Jr. J.M. BlairT.C. Todd D.J. KitchenM.R. Whiles 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1079-1093
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils. 相似文献