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南海北部野生斑节对虾卵巢解剖结构及组织学的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
运用解剖学、组织学观察,研究了南海北部野生斑节对虾卵巢结构及组织学,结果表明,(1)卵巢的解剖结构:卵巢可分为1对前叶、8对侧叶、1对向后延伸的尾叶,成熟卵巢8对侧叶以第2对侧叶最大,第6对侧叶末端可见一半透明小管穿过所对应的胸腔体壁通到同侧第3对步足基部的产卵孔。(2)卵巢的组织学结构:卵巢由卵巢壁、中央卵管和卵室组成;卵巢壁由外向内依次由上皮层、疏松结缔组织、基膜和分化上皮构成;中央卵管分化出大量卵原细胞;卵室内含有不同发育阶段的卵母细胞。 相似文献
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中国对虾杆状病毒垂直传播途径的研究对切断病毒的传播途径,培育健康的对虾种质资源,具有重要的理论和实践意义。本文利用电镜技术,对中国对虾亲虾的卵巢,卵细胞和无节幼体,溲状幼体,糠虾,仔虾,幼成虾进行病毒检测,结果发现卵巢和卵细胞中有似病毒粒子,无节幼体,糠虾,仔虾,幼成虾有杆状病毒感染,并初步探讨了中国对虾杆状病毒垂直传播的可能性。 相似文献
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刀额新对虾（Metapenaeusensis）是新对虾属中经济价值较高而又比较易于养殖的忡类。笔者于1994年进行了刀额新对虾人工育苗的探索性研究．并获得了成功．平均出苗员接近10万尾／立方米，经济效益较好。现将育苗的技术关键总结如下。1亲虾的挑选、运输和暂养1．1挑选亲虾的质量及成熟程度是育苗成功的基础和关键。刀额新对虾壳薄呈半透明，可透过体壳观察卵巢的大小、饱满度和颜色．借此判断其成熟程度。成熟亲虾卵巢里草绿色。个体相当的亲虾卵巢越大其成熟度越好。不要挑选带病、受伤和未交配的个体。1．2运输常用的方法有两种，一是采用… 相似文献
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<正> 水温是影响对虾越冬的重要因素。水温的高低直接影响越冬对虾的成活率、卵巢发育及摄食量。为了深入研究、探讨这一问题,我们在近几年的亲虾越冬中,进行了重点实验,从而获取了较准确的理论数据。一、温度对越冬对虾成活率的影响 相似文献
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中国对虾卵巢发育过程中脂肪酸组成的分析及比较研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过分析中国对虾亲虾在卵巢发育的不同阶段的卵巢、肝胰脏和肌肉的脂肪酸组成来评估中国对虾在性腺成熟过程中对脂质的需要。从中国对虾亲虾不同组织的脂肪酸组成可见,棕榈酸(16:0)、棕榈油酸(16:1ω7)、油酸(18:1ω9)、二十碳五烯酸(20:5ω3,EPA)及二十二碳六烯酸(22:6ω3,DHA)占主要比例,这与其它海洋甲壳类的脂肪酸组成相类似。中国对虾亲虾的主要脂肪酸组成比例与日本对虾亲虾的主妥脂肪酸组成比例相近似。中国对虾亲虾在不同的卵巢成熟期同一器官中的主要脂肪酸组成比例没有明显的差别,而不同组织的主要脂肪酸组成中都含有大量的ω-3系列的高度不饱和脂肪酸。从成熟卵巢的脂肪酸组成中含有高比例的EPA、DHA含量可见,EPA、DHA在亲虾性腺发育过程中的必需性。 相似文献
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为了研究含硒谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase,SeGPx)在斑节对虾应激反应和卵巢发育中的作用,实验以斑节对虾肝胰腺转录组数据中筛选获得的Se-GPx基因(Pm Se-GPx)片段为基础,利用RACE技术获得Pm Se-GPx基因的c DNA全长,并对其进行了生物信息学分析;利用荧光定量PCR技术研究了Pm Se-GPx在斑节对虾不同组织、卵巢发育各期、肝胰腺组织在pH9、硫酸铜(Cu~(2+))应激下的相对表达量和变化趋势。结果显示,Pm Se-GPx基因c DNA全长为959 bp,5'非编码区(UTR)长10bp,开放阅读框(ORF)长639 bp,编码212个氨基酸,310 bp的3'UTR包含一个硒代半胱氨酸插入序列(SECIS),ORF中的密码子209TGA211编码硒代半胱氨酸(selenocysteine,U67)。实时定量PCR实验结果表明,Pm Se-GPx在斑节对虾的肝胰腺、卵巢、精巢、心脏等组织中均有表达,其中肝胰腺中表达量显著高于其他组织,卵巢次之;卵巢发育阶段表达结果则显示Pm Se-GPx在卵巢发育各期均有表达,在卵巢Ⅲ期表达量最高,其次是V期;在Cu~(2+)胁迫下,其表达量总体呈现先下降后上升然后又下降的趋势;在环境pH为9胁迫下,表达趋势呈现先下降,后回升,然后又下降,再大幅上升的趋势。研究表明,SeGPx在斑节对虾卵巢发育过程中具有重要作用,且Se-GPx参与斑节对虾对环境理化因子应激的免疫调控。 相似文献
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海捕中国对虾杆状病毒的检测 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以海捕中国对虾为材料,利用多聚酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术和核酸探针技术,对从中国对虾杆状病毒核酸随机文库中筛选的４个片段（大小分别为８００,１１００,１５００,２５００ｂｐ）用地高辛标记作为探针,进行斑点杂交,检测对虾杆状病毒。结果表明海捕中国对虾的鳃、中肠、肝胰腺、卵巢等组织检测为阳性,肌肉组织为阴性。实验表明中国对虾村状病毒存在垂直传播的可能性。 相似文献
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中国对虾卵黄蛋白原合成部位的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
十足目甲壳类卵巢中卵黄的来源,在过去的几十年研究中一直存在争议,内源性合成和外源性合成都有报道。本文以雌性中国对虾为实验材料,根据组织学观察确定其发育阶段,试验虾可以分为:卵巢未发育期;卵黄发生前期;初级卵黄发生期和次级卵黄发生期4个时期。从处于不同卵巢发育期对虾的卵巢和肝胰腺中提取总RNA,用RT-PCR的方法初步探讨不同发育期的中国对虾卵巢和肝胰腺中卵黄蛋白原mRNA的表达,确定是否存在卵黄蛋白原的合成功能。结果发现,从卵巢未发育期到次级卵黄发生期的卵巢和肝胰腺中都有卵黄蛋白原mRNA的表达,说明二者为卵黄蛋白的合成部位。 相似文献
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Clq结合蛋白(ClqBP)是补体系统中的一种重要成分,它能与游离的补体分子Clq的胶原样区相互作用并启动多种细胞反应,包括增强吞噬作用、促进吞噬细胞对微生物的杀伤、诱导趋化作用,从而增强生物体的免疫性.本实验从构建的斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)卵巢组织cDNA文库中筛选并克隆了PmClqBP基因.为研究PmClqBP在斑节对虾中的生物学功能,采用半定量和荧光定量的方法研究比较了PmClqBP基因在雌雄个体不同组织及卵巢不同发育阶段的差异表达情况.结果表明:雌雄个体的PmClqBP基因在性腺、胃、血细胞、肠中表达量存在极显著差异(P＜0.01).同时,PmClqBP在无节幼体和蚤状幼体时表达量低,从糠虾幼体至卵巢发育成熟过程中表达量有所增加并趋于稳定,揭示PmClqBP斑节对虾卵巢发育过程的重要功能基因.应激实验结果表明,经脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharide,LPS)刺激6h后PmClqBP在肝胰腺中的表达量极显著上调,提示PmClqBP参与了斑节对虾天然免疫应答,暗示其在斑节对虾先天性免疫调控中发挥着重要的作用. 相似文献
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作者对海蛰卵巢进行了解剖、组织切片与扫描电镜观察,发现卵巢为褶叠型,一端与胶质膜相连,另一端游离。胶质膜由透明状胶质细胞所构成,外有一层纤毛细胞,靠近胶质膜一侧的卵巢为单层上皮组成的生殖上皮,胶质膜与卵巢生殖上皮间由胶质细丝连接,形成与胃腔相通的生殖腔隙。生殖上皮在生殖季节中变化很大,它首先完成发生卵原细胞的功能,随后局部解体出现透明小区,当卵巢成熟时生殖上皮细胞是区域性弥散,卵子裸露,出现分批排卵现象.海蛰排卵方式是以大量卵子成片分批区域性排放为主,但也存在单个卵子排出的现象。 相似文献
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本文研究了福建省东山岛西埔湾港养斑鰶性腺周期发育、成熟系数周年变化、个体生殖力以及雌雄同体。港养斑鰶能在半封闭式湾内发育成熟而且自然产卵。其卵细胞发育分为6个时相,精巢发育分为6期。卵膜由透明带、外放射带和内放射带组成,内有孔道结构。第4时相中期卵母细胞的内放射带有7～8层纤维状片层。产卵后鞘膜细胞和颗粒细胞分裂增殖变成游走的吞噬细胞。西埔湾港养斑鰶Ⅰ龄鱼初次性成熟,生殖季节从12月下旬至翌年3月下旬,生殖盛期为2月,雌鱼成熟系数高达17.88％。个体绝对生殖力为7575～72621粒,平均 35310粒,系属于分批产卵类型,第1批生殖力大于第2批。 相似文献
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辽东湾安氏短吻银鱼的生物学 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
安氏短吻银鱼Neosalanx andersoni(Randahl)曾为辽东湾早春的重要捕捞对象。本文对该鱼的形态特征、繁殖、食性、洄游等进行了调查，并对其分布、精巢数目、资源下降的原因以及繁殖保护的措施作了分析和讨论． 相似文献
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Manipulations of Shrimp Embryos: A Viable Technique for the Removal of the Hatching Envelope 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
John W. Lynn Patricia S. Glas Philip L. Hertzler Wallis H. Clark Jr. Jeffrdy D. Green 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1993,24(1):1-5
The hatching envelope elevated around the spawned eggs of penaeoidean eggs presents a formidable barrier for manipulation of the embryo. By spawning eggs into seawater containing 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole and subsequently passing the eggs through Nitex screening approximately 45 min after spawning, the hatching envelope can be effectively removed with little or no damage to the embryos. The time and extent to which the envelope is removed can be varied. Embryos treated in this manner continue to develop and the method provides a new technique with which investigators can gain access to the surface of the egg or embryo. 相似文献
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Angshuman Biswas Mitali Pramanik Samita Kundu Sumedha Roy Jhuma De Arun Kumar Ray 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2006,32(1):73-81
Triploid Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) showed sterility and higher growth potential than the normal diploid fish. Activities of some metabolic enzymes such
as cytosolic NADP-malate dehydrogenase (NADP-MDH), mitochondrial NAD-malate dehydrogenase (NAD-MDH) and glutamate pyruvate
transaminase (GPT) were evaluated in liver, brain and kidney along with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-P D) in ovary
of female triploid catfish. Activities of these enzymes showed distinct seasonal periodicity, mostly with highest activities
in prespawning and spawning periods, in both diploid and triploid catfish but differed in magnitude. In triploid liver, GPT
showed higher activity than the diploid counterpart in prespawning and spawning periods. On the contrary, mitochondrial NAD-MDH
and cytosolic NADP-MDH in this organ showed a consistent lower activity than the diploid in all stages or in some stages of
reproductive cycle respectively. Interestingly, none of the enzymes in brain and kidney of triploid female catfish showed
significant changes in comparison to the diploid counterpart. The triploid ovary maintained a significantly lower level of
G-6-P D activity throughout the resting, preparatory and pre-spawning periods compared to the diploid ovary. Lower level of
malic enzymes (NAD-MDH and NADP-MDH) in liver and G-6-P D in ovary are in close synchrony with lower level of estradiol-17β
in plasma of female triploids as found in earlier study. 相似文献
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Andrew David Morgan 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2009,40(3):363-373
The spawning of sea cucumbers is related to the interaction of environmental cues and reproductive maturity. Groups of Australostichopus mollis were collected every 2 wk during the summer reproductive season from mid‐October to early February. They were observed for spawning in the hatchery during heat‐shock trials conducted 3–5 C above ambient seawater temperature. Lunar periodicity existed with spawning being most prominent in the week following a full moon. In the week prior to a spawning event, there was also a decrease in ambient incoming seawater temperature. More than 75% individuals spawned during most trials in which spawning occurred. In total, 40% of the 270 individuals spawned during the reproductive season. Reliable spawners were females with a yellow gonad color and large numbers of vitellogenic oocytes, and males with large numbers of spermatocytes and an absence of motile spermatozoa. Furthermore, the percentage germinal vesicle breakdown of oocytes exposed to starfish radial nerve extract compared to seawater was greater for the more orange‐colored gonad of nonspawners. Gonad color is useful in determining the likelihood of spawning over a 2‐wk period in the presence of a cue. Sea cucumbers held for short periods in the hatchery during the reproductive season maintain a natural rhythm of spawning that can be monitored using visual indices and augmented using heat shock. 相似文献
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1.东海绿鳍马面鲀产卵群体自从开发利用以来,体长、年龄和体重组成出现了两次增大两次变小的过程。即1974—1976年和1981—1983年的个体较大,1977—1980年和1984年的个体较小,而1985年的个体最小。但性腺成熟系数却在提高,表明资源的密度在降低。 2.绿鳍马面鲀不同生活阶段的性比不一样,产卵期雄鱼的比例最高,越冬期居次,索饵期雌雄比例基本相等。 3.从产卵个体、仔稚鱼和产卵盛期渔获量的分布判断东海绿鳍马面鲀的产卵场在25°30′—30°00′N、122°00′—126°30′E海区,范围较广,主要产卵场在25°45′—27°00′N、122°00′—123°30′E,水深100—120米的海区。 4.东海绿鳍马面鲀的产卵期在3月底至5月下旬,4月中下旬为产卵盛期。 5.从雌鱼性腺V_A、V_B期比例的周日变化判断绿鳍马面鲀产卵的主要时间在23时至翌日11时。 6.从绿鳍马面鲀人工授精卵附着实验的结果和产卵场环境条件的对照,说明海洋里的贝砾类、海藻、海绵体和珊瑚等物体是马面鲀卵的良好附着基。 相似文献
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Zhijun Liu Xugan Wu Yongxu Cheng Chaoshu Zeng Xiaozhen Yang 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(3):417-426
The present study investigated the external and histological changes in the ovary and measured the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) during the re‐maturation of the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. The results show that the ovarian re‐maturation cycle of this crab species can be divided into four stages, i.e. Stage I: the ovary had an X shape and appeared milky white or with a mottled buff colour, and the dominant gametocyte at the stage were oogonia (OG, 28.3%) and previtellogenic oocytes (PR, 31.6%); Stage II: the ovary appeared light yellow or tan in colour, dominated by endogenous vitellogeic oocytes (EN, 69.3%). The yolk globules of unreleased mature oocytes (MO) from the previous spawn were absorbed, leaving many vacuoles in the retrogressing MO; Stage III: the ovary appeared crimson red or deep purple, and although the main type of gametocyte was exogenous vitellogenic oocytes (EX), near‐mature oocytes (NO) could also be found in the late phase of the ovarian development stage; Stage IV: the ovary was ripe and filled with MO that contained large yolk globules. During the period of the second ovarian maturation cycle, the GSI increased significantly from the time just after the first spawning (P<0.01). However, although HSI appeared to decrease within days after spawning (DAS), no significant correlation was found between GSI and HSI or between HSI and DAS (P>0.05). Furthermore, the final GSI and the volume of MO of E. sinensis during the second maturation cycle were drastically lower than those of the first maturation cycle. 相似文献