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1.
硒代蛋氨酸对肥育猪生产性能和肉品质的影响   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  
本试验旨在研究硒代蛋氨酸对肥育猪生产性能和肉品质的影响.选用64头体重约60 kg的杜×长×大三元杂交肥育猪,随机分为4个处理,各处理饲粮中分别添加0(空白对照组)、0.15和0.30 mg/kg硒代蛋氨酸硒、0.30 mg/kg亚硒酸钠硒,试猪体重达95 kg左右结束试验.结果表明:1)饲粮添加不同水平硒代蛋氨酸或亚硒酸钠均未改善肥育猪平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比(P>0.05);2)饲粮添加不同水平硒代蛋氨酸或亚硒酸钠均未显著影响肥育猪背最长肌剪切力、肌内脂肪含量和滴水损失(P>0.05);各硒处理宰后12 h背最长肌pH均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,添加硒代蛋氨酸或亚硒酸钠显著降低了宰后不同时间点肉色亮度(L*)值(P<0.05),提高了肉色红度(α*)值(P<0.05),0.15 mg/kg硒代蛋氨酸硒处理也显著降低了宰后12 h肉色黄度(b*)值(P<0.05);3)添加0.30 mg/kg硒代蛋氨酸硒显著降低了背最长肌中乳酸含量(P<0.05);0.30 mg/kg硒代蛋氨酸硒处理和0.30 mg/kg亚硒酸钠硒处理的氧合肌红蛋白含量均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)和显著高于0.15 mg/kg硒代蛋氨酸硒组(P<0.05).以上试验结果提示,在肥育猪日粮中添加0.15～0.30 mg/kg硒代蛋氨酸硒对改善猪肉肉色十分有利.  相似文献   

2.
不同硒源对猪肉品质的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
试验研究了酵母硒和亚硒酸钠对肥育猪肉质的影响。选用72头(61.32±1.14)kg的杜长大肥育猪,随机分成3个处理,每个处理4个重复(栏),每个栏6头猪。3个处理分别饲喂基础日粮+0.30mg/kg亚硒酸钠、基础日粮+0.30mg/kg酵母硒Ⅰ、基础日粮+0.30mg/kg酵母硒Ⅱ。试验正试期6周。试验结束后从每栏选择体重基本一致的试验猪各1头,前腔静脉采血后屠宰取背最长肌,测定肌肉pH值、滴水损失、肉色、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和水分。结果表明:与亚硒酸钠比,饲粮中添加酵母硒Ⅰ、Ⅱ降低了肌肉中滴水损失62.86%和16.59%,且酵母硒Ⅱ比酵母硒Ⅰ降低了39.68%;Huntera值分别提高了13.70%和14.42%,但均未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

3.
本试验旨在研究母种猪饲粮中添加DL-硒代蛋氨酸对后代乳猪胰脏硒含量、抗氧化功能、消化酶活性以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)基因表达的影响.选取健康的胎次相同、妊娠后期的"长×大"二元杂交母猪12头,随机分为2组(亚硒酸钠组和DL-硒代蛋氨酸组),每组6个重复,每个重复1头猪.在基础饲粮(硒的实测值为0.04 mg/kg)中添加亚硒酸钠和DL-硒代蛋氨酸各0.3 mg/kg.试验分为妊娠后期(32 d)和泌乳期(28 d),共计60 d.结果表明:与亚硒酸钠组相比,DL-硒代蛋氨酸组使后代乳猪胰脏中硒含量增加54.29%(P<0.01),GSH-Px活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)水平分别提高22.84%(P<0.01)、24.60%(P<0.01)、112.52%(P<0.01)和131.14%(P<0.01),而丙二醛(MDA)含量降低了25.55%(P<0.01);胰淀粉酶、蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性分别提高50.81%(P<0.01)、17.61%(P<0.05)和14.87%(P<0.05);GSH-Px mRNA表达增高了31.00%(P<0.01).结果提示,母种猪饲粮中添加DL-硒代蛋氨酸较亚硒酸钠能显著提高后代乳猪胰脏组织硒含量,增强抗氧化功能和消化酶分泌,并能提高GSH-Px mRNA表达量.  相似文献   

4.
本试验旨在测定日粮添加硒代蛋氨酸对母猪生产性能及血清和乳中硒含量和抗氧化指标的影响.试验选取胎次相同、妊娠后期的长×大母猪12头,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每重复1头,分别设为对照组(亚硒酸钠组)和试验组(DL-硒代蛋氨酸组),均在基础日粮中(硒的实测值为0.04 mg/kg)添加0.3 mg/kg硒.试验分妊娠后期(32 d)和泌乳期(28 d)2阶段,试验期共计60 d.结果表明:与亚硒酸钠比,DL-硒代蛋氨酸使断奶窝重、断奶个体重和泌乳力分别提高了8.00%(P<0.05)、9.78%(P<0.05)和9.95%(P<0.05);使母猪泌乳期血清总抗氧化能力增强(P<0.05),丙二醛含量下降(P<0.01);使初乳和第7天、第14天、第21天和第28天常乳中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力和总抗氧化能力增强(P<0.05),丙二醛含量下降(P<0.05);使泌乳期母猪血清、初乳和常乳硒含量增高(P<0.05).上述结果提示:DL-硒代蛋氨酸较亚硒酸钠能提高母猪乳和血清中硒含量,增强母猪的抗氧化能力,促进乳猪生长.  相似文献   

5.
宰前饲粮添加硫酸镁对杜长大猪肉质的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
用七水硫酸镁对20头杜长大肥育猪宰前8天饲粮进行处理,结果显示:饲粮中添加9g/头/d剂量的七水硫酸镁有改善肉质的趋势,试验组猪宰后24h肌肉pH显著高于对照组(P<0.05),丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05)。肉色、滴水损失、烹饪损失、拿破率均优于对照组,但未达到差异显著效果。  相似文献   

6.
为研究日粮中添加硒代蛋氨酸与酵母硒对济宁青山羊生长性能、肉品质及硒沉积的影响,试验选取健康、体重相近的济宁青山羊100只,随机分为5组,每组20只,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组日粮分别添加以硒含量计算的0.3 mg/kg亚硒酸钠、0.3 mg/kg酵母硒、0.3 mg/kg硒代蛋氨酸和0.5 mg/kg硒代蛋氨酸,预饲期15 d,试验期60 d。结果表明：（1）0.3硒代蛋氨酸组平均日增重比对照组、亚硒酸钠组、酵母硒组、0.5硒代蛋氨酸组分别高13.50、9.5、6.16、5.23 g(P <0.05),增重率分别为19.76%、13.13%、8.14%、6.82%;0.3硒代蛋氨酸组料重比最低,比对照组、亚硒酸钠组、酵母硒组和0.5硒代蛋氨酸组分别低2.21、1.40、1.01、1.42(P <0.05)。（2）0.3硒代蛋氨酸组红度（a*）值显著高于对照组、亚硒酸钠组（P <0.05）,与酵母硒组和0.5硒代蛋氨酸组相比差异不显著（P> 0.05）;0.3硒代蛋氨酸组剪切力最小,显著低于对照组、亚硒酸钠组、0.5硒代蛋氨酸组（P <0.05）,与酵母硒组...  相似文献   

7.
占秀安 《养猪》2005,(1):51-51
占秀安等选用108头体重60kg左右的杜长大三元杂种肥育猪，按饲养试验要求分成3组．每组3个重复，每个重复12头。对照组不添加硒(基础饲粮中硒的实测值为0．045mg／kg)，亚硒酸钠组和硒代蛋氨酸组均添加硒0．30mg／kg，试验期40天。  相似文献   

8.
在生长肥育猪日粮中添加不同的硒源,比较不同硒源对生长肥育猪生长性能、肉质及抗氧化指标的影响.试验选择体质量为(60±2)kg、遗传背景相同和体况良好的48头杜x长x大肥育猪,分成2个处理,每处理4个重复,每重复6头猪.试验开始前预饲1周,试验期60 d.对照组和试验组分别以亚硒酸钠来源的硒(S-Se)0.3 mg/kg和酵母硒来源的硒(Y-Se)0.3 mg/kg作为2个处理组.观察2个处理组采食量、平均日增质量和料重比;肌肉样品中的pH、滴水损失、肉色及肌肉中粗蛋白、粗脂肪和水分含量;肌肉和血液中的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和总超氧化物歧化酶的活性、总抗氧化能力及丙二醛含量等指标,探索不同硒源对肥育猪的影响.结果表明:与S-Se 0.3组相比,Y-Se 0.3组生长肥育猪的平均日采食量和平均日增质量在数值上均有增加,料重比降低;肌肉样品中的pH、滴水损失和肉色及肌肉中粗蛋白、粗脂肪和水分含量均有改善.Y-Se 0.3酵母硒在一定程度上提高血清和肌肉组织的抗氧化能力,降低了血清和肌肉中丙二醛的含量.  相似文献   

9.
本试验的目的是研究无机硒和有机硒对育肥猪胴体性状、肌肉品质和组织硒沉积的影响。将180头70 kg左右的三元杂交(杜×长×大)育肥猪随机分成3组,每组5个重复,每个重复12头。试验进行42d。对照组为基础日粮,不添加硒制剂;试验组在基础日粮基础上分别添加亚硒酸钠和酵母硒,日粮中硒的最终浓度分别为0.50 mg/kg。试验结果表明:(1)无机硒能够极显著提高血清和肌肉中硒含量(P0.01),显著提高肝脏中硒含量(P0.05),肾脏中硒含量也有所提高(P0.05);有机硒能够极显著提高血清、肌肉、肝脏和肾脏中的硒含量(P0.01)。与无机硒相比,有机硒对血清、肌肉、肝脏和肾脏中的硒含量的提高效果更明显(P0.01)。(2)无机硒对育肥猪的瘦肉率、屠宰率、背膘厚和眼肌面积没有显著影响;有机硒育肥猪的瘦肉率、屠宰率和眼肌面积有增加的趋势,背标厚度有降低的趋势,但除了眼肌面积增加趋势显著以外,对瘦肉率、屠宰率和背标厚度的影响均不显著(P0.05)。(3)无机硒能显著提高育肥猪肌内脂肪含量(P0.05),对肉色、p H值和滴水损失影响不显著(P0.05);有机硒显著提高了肉色评分和肌内脂肪值(P0.05),极显著降低了滴水损失(P0.01),对肌肉p H值没有显著影响(P0.05)。与无机硒相比,有机硒显著提高了肉色评分和肌内脂肪值(P0.05),极显著降低了滴水损失(P0.01),对肌肉p H值没有显著影响(P0.05)。  相似文献   

10.
一水肌酸对肥育猪胴体组成及肌肉系水力的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
本研究旨在观察一水肌酸(creatine monohydration,CMH)对肥育猪生长性能、胴体组成和系水力的影响及其机理探讨。选用体重70 kg左右的杜长大三元杂交猪48头,按试验要求随机分为2组,每组设3个重复,每个重复8头猪,分别饲喂含CMH为0或0.25%的日粮,饲养试验时间为30 d。结果发现,CMH对猪日增重无显著影响(P>0.05);CMH显著提高了肥育猪的眼肌面积(P<0.05),而对屠宰率、瘦肉率、胴体直长、胴体斜长、腹脂重、脂肪率、背膘厚、皮肤比率、骨骼比率等无显著影响(P>0.05);CMH还使试验组猪的背最长肌率显著提高(P<0.05),股二头肌率有提高趋势但差异不显著,而对其他骨骼肌重率无明显影响(P>0.05);CMH使肥育猪宰后24 h背最长肌和半膜肌的滴水损失明显降低(P<0.05)、pH显著提高(P<0.05),而肌肉中乳酸含量显著降低(P<0.05)。结果提示,饲料中添加一水肌酸可通过降低肌肉中乳酸的积累,提高肌肉的pH,从而降低宰后肌肉的滴水损失,改善肉质。  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

13.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

14.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

15.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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16.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

17.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

18.
A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the gland cisterns and teat cisterns. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

19.
Four grass plots were sequentially contaminated with goat faeces containing known numbers of unembryonated eggs of predominantly Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. between October 1982 and April 1983. Four other plots were similarly contaminated with sheep faeces between February and May 1987. An additional plot was repeatedly contaminated with sheep faeces from February to April 1987. Populations of free-living stages in faeces and of infective larvae (L3) in the herbage were subsequently monitored until the end of April and June of 1983 and 1987 respectively. During February and May 1987 two control cultures of sheep faeces were incubated in the laboratory at 25°C–30°C and at a constant temperature of 50°C and the free-living development was also monitored. L3 developed very readily in the faeces cultured at 25°C–30°C and in those spread on a grass plot in October, at the end of the wet season, but developed less on the plot contaminated in May at the start of the wet season. Worm eggs in faeces deposited on plots during the hot dry season (December to April) or incubated at 50°C died and disintegrated after 24–48 h exposure to the high environmental temperatures. The results indicate that it is unlikely that gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats can develop or survive on open pasture during the dry season in the Nigerian derived savanna zone.  相似文献   

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