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江苏位于长江中下游,地处中国的南北交界处,小麦上病毒病种类较多。先后发现的有小麦丛矮病(病原为北方禾谷花叶病毒,Northern cereal mosaic virus,NCMV)、小麦梭条花叶病(病原为小麦黄花叶病毒,Wheat yekllow mosaic virus, WYMV)、小麦黄矮病(病原为大麦黄矮病毒, Barley yellow dwarf virus,BYDV)、小麦“绿矮”病 (病原为水稻黑条矮缩病毒,Rice black streaked dwarf virus,RBSDV),其中小麦梭条花叶病曾大面积流行。2005年春天以来,江苏小麦上又发生了多种病毒病,除了以上4种,还出现了2种新的 相似文献
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玉米弯孢霉叶斑病菌生物学特性的研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
利用小麦黄花叶病毒(Wheat yellow mosaic virus,WYMV)和小麦梭条花叶病毒(wheat spindle streak mosaic virus,WSSMV)的特异性序列为引物,逆转录-PCR方法并配合免疫电镜观察,对采自我国四川陕西、河南、安徽、江苏5省9个县、市的27份感病田小麦样品进行检测。除2份样品未检测到病毒外,其余25份样品均为小麦黄花叶病毒所侵染,没有发现小麦梭条花叶病毒,由此表明在中国长江中、下游、淮河及渭河流域严重危害小麦的真菌传线状病毒应主要为小麦黄花叶病毒。 相似文献
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湖北省小麦黄花叶病病原的部分序列鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从湖北省真菌传小麦黄花叶病病毒分离物中抽提病毒总RNA,应用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)方法,合成病毒外壳蛋白(CP)基因cDNA。对所获得的cDNA克隆进行序列测定及分析,结果表明,湖北省真菌传小麦黄花叶病病毒分离物与小麦梭条斑花叶病毒(WSSMV)、大麦黄花叶病毒(BaYMV)、大麦和性花叶病毒(BaMMV)等病毒CP基因相应序列的同源性均低于70%,而与报道的小麦黄花叶病毒(WYMV)分离物CP基因核苷酸及编码氨基酸序列同源性均超过97%。表明湖北省真菌传小麦黄花叶病病原应为小麦黄花叶病毒(WYMV)。 相似文献
4.
小麦黄花叶病毒(Wheat yellow mosaic virus,WYMV)是马铃薯Y病毒科(Potyviridae)大麦黄花叶病毒属(Bymovirus)的成员,是危害我国小麦生产的一种重要病毒病害.RNA干扰是由dsRNA介导的,通过核酸序列特异性的相互作用来抑制基因表达的一种基因沉默现象,这种调控机制在植物抗病毒基因工程育种中已得到广泛应用.以RNA干扰为原理、以病毒的外壳蛋白基因为靶标,构建了抗WYMV的植物表达载体.采用基因枪方法共转化‘扬麦12’的幼胚愈伤组织,得到了再生植株.对To代进行PCR检测,得到15株阳性植株. 相似文献
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本研究是利用异源表达的小麦黄花叶病毒(Wheat yellow mosaic virus, WYMV)复制酶Nib蛋白创建了病毒核酸的体外复制系统。将WYMV的Nib编码序列扩增并插入到大肠杆菌表达载体pMAL-C2X中以构建原核表达质粒pMAL-WY-Nib。0.4 mmol·L-1 IPTG诱导可特异性表达分子量约为100 kDa的MBP-Nib融合蛋白。根据温度梯度测定,20℃下诱导MBP-Nib的可溶性比例较高,约为30％,可满足MBP标签的亲和层析。通过与WYMV的其他蛋白和烟草丛顶病毒的RdRp进行比较,纯化的MBP-Nib融合蛋白可以特异性识别WYMV RNA1和RNA2的3′末端区域并体外合成其互补链,此体外转录体系可用于WYMV复制调控的研究。 相似文献
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小麦黄花叶病毒(Wheat yellow mosaic virus, WYMV)是马铃薯Y病毒科大麦黄花叶病毒属成员,主要危害冬小麦。实验室前期以WYMV外壳蛋白(coat protein,CP)为诱饵,通过酵母双杂交筛选小麦cDNA文库,发现FtsH2蛋白部分片段与WYMV CP互作。FtsH2蛋白是AAA蛋白酶家族成员,参与植物叶绿体光损伤修复和类囊体发育进程。本研究利用酵母双杂交和双分子荧光互补技术进一步对FtsH2蛋白全长与WYMV CP进行互作验证,并鉴定互作结构域;利用荧光蛋白标记技术研究FtsH2蛋白与CP的亚细胞定位。实验结果表明FtsH2蛋白全长与CP互作;两者互作的关键结构域包含FtsH2蛋白低复杂区、跨膜区及AAA结构域和WYMV CP的中段区域(61-293 aa)。FtsH2蛋白单独表达时定位在细胞质、细胞核和叶绿体;CP单独表达时定位在细胞质;两者共同表达时亚细胞定位均没有发生明显变化,且主要共定位于细胞质中。WYMV CP与小麦FtsH2蛋白的互作可能会干扰植物绿叶体的发育和功能。本研究对了解WYMV的症状形成机制具有一定意义。 相似文献
7.
小麦黄花叶病毒(WYMV)2个山东分离物的全基因组序列及进化分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用5'RACE结合一步法RT-PCR分别从山东泰安与临沂冬小麦上克隆了小麦黄花叶病毒(Wheat yellow mosaic virus,WYMV)的全基因组序列。这2个分离物(TADWK和LYJN)基因组间核苷酸一致性分别为97.21%(RNA1)和95.12%(RNA2)。通过对目前已报道的共14个分离物的基因组不同部分的分析,表明5'UTR是WYMV基因组变化幅度最大的区域,而编码区(ORF)及3'UTR的序列一致性较高且变动幅度小。另外,发现LYJN RNA2的5'UTR与已报道的所有分离物RNA2的核苷酸一致率仅为90%左右。综合分析RNA1和RNA2的系统发生树,表明WYMV各基因组片段呈单独进化特征,不同分离物间存在RNA重排。RNA重组分析显示在LYJN RNA1和TADWK RNA2发现了RNA重组。此研究说明WYMV在山东地区存在分离物分化现象,WYMV的5'UTR是基因组中的突变热点。 相似文献
8.
小麦黄花叶病毒(Wheat yellow mosaic virus, WYMV)是马铃薯Y病毒科大麦黄花叶病毒属成员,主要危害冬小麦。实验室前期以WYMV外壳蛋白(coat protein,CP)为诱饵,通过酵母双杂交筛选小麦cDNA文库,发现FtsH2蛋白部分片段与WYMV CP互作。FtsH2蛋白是AAA蛋白酶家族成员,参与植物叶绿体光损伤修复和类囊体发育进程。本研究利用酵母双杂交和双分子荧光互补技术进一步对FtsH2蛋白全长与WYMV CP进行互作验证,并鉴定互作结构域;利用荧光蛋白标记技术研究FtsH2蛋白与CP的亚细胞定位。实验结果表明FtsH2蛋白全长与CP互作;两者互作的关键结构域包含FtsH2蛋白低复杂区、跨膜区及AAA结构域和WYMV CP的中段区域(61-293 aa)。FtsH2蛋白单独表达时定位在细胞质、细胞核和叶绿体;CP单独表达时定位在细胞质;两者共同表达时亚细胞定位均没有发生明显变化,且主要共定位于细胞质中。WYMV CP与小麦FtsH2蛋白的互作可能会干扰植物绿叶体的发育和功能。本研究对了解WYMV的症状形成机制具有一定意义。 相似文献
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11.
《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2004,64(4):219-226
Plant potyvirus RNAs have a virus protein covalently attached at their 5′-end: the VPg (virus protein genome-linked). In part because of its position at the 5′end of the virus RNA, the VPg has been speculated to play a role in virus translation and replication. We report that the VPg of Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) interacts with, and does not disrupt, the translation initiation complex eIF(iso)4E-eIF(iso)4G. The purification of VPgPro or 6K2VPgPro by affinity chromatography from infected plant tissue also led to the recovery of eIF(iso)4G. The cap analogue m7GTP competed with the binding of VPg to both eIF(iso)4E and the eIF(iso)4E-eIF(iso)4G complex. This suggested that the viral VPg bound to the translation initiation complex but that interaction did not result in disassociation of the subunits but rather in competition for the binding of the 5′ cap structure. This would result in decreased affinity of the translation initiation machinery for capped cellular mRNAs. 相似文献
12.
小麦对黄花叶病的抗性鉴定及典型品种的遗传分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本研究针对来自江苏、河南、四川、湖北、日本和美国的37个小麦品种,在进行小麦抗黄花叶病的抗病性鉴定、调查的基础上,结合分子生物学检测(RT-PCR和ELISA),证实小麦品种扬辐9311对小麦黄花叶病毒(WYMV)表现免疫。将该品种与表现高感的小麦品种进行杂交和回交,通过对其后代抗感分离的调查与分析,确定了小麦品种扬辐9311对黄花叶病的抗性受一对显性基因控制,并为寻找小麦抗黄花叶病基因的分子标记提供理论依据和实验材料。同时,本文对小麦抗黄花叶病表现的影响因素及宁麦9号的抗病性进行了分析和讨论。 相似文献
13.
A complex, polygenic resistance to Plum pox virus (PPV) was previously described in a wild peach-related species, Prunus davidiana clone P1908. In the current study, an analysis of quantitative trait loci (QTL) was performed on an F2 population comprising 99 individuals obtained by selfing the F1 individual #40 of an interspecific cross between susceptible nectarine cv. Summergrand and the resistant P. davidiana clone P1908. Six QTL were identified using both parametric and non-parametric methods of detection, individually explaining 5–28% of the phenotypic variance. The total phenotypic variation explained ranged from 29 to 58%. Alignment of the genetic map of the F2 cross with the P. davidiana parent map showed consistency of QTL over generations, with three of the six QTL co-localizing at the 1-LOD interval and another one at the 2-LOD interval. Two of the QTL were mapped onto linkage group one, where resistance to PPV was previously mapped in apricot. Development and mapping of new microsatellite markers linked to candidate genes revealed a striking co-localization of three of the detected QTL with gene copies coding for eukaryotic translation initiation factors eIF4E and eIF(iso)4G. As co-localization of one QTL with candidate gene eIF(iso)4E was previously reported in the F1 population, the results reported here strongly reinforce the idea that components of the eukaryotic translation initiation complex are correlated with resistance to PPV in P. davidiana P1908. 相似文献
14.
小麦黄花叶病是由禾谷多黏菌传播的小麦黄花叶病毒引起的病害,近年在黄淮麦区呈蔓延加重趋势。为了给病害的防治和抗病育种工作提供依据,本研究利用分级评价方法对黄淮地区推广的小麦品种进行了田间抗病性鉴定。两年鉴定结果表明,在145个供试小麦品种中,‘濮优938’、‘新麦208’、‘豫麦416’、‘新原958’、‘豫麦70-36’、‘泛麦5号’等70个品种表现为免疫,占总数的48.28%;‘豫麦47’和‘邯6172’表现为抗病,占总数的1.38%;‘洪育2号’、‘花培2号’、‘偃展4110’、‘豫麦41’、‘郑麦9023’等48个品种表现为中抗,占总数的33.10%;‘兰天06129’、‘兰天0591’、‘徐麦9158’、‘徐麦0054’、‘徐麦1108’等25个品种表现为感病,占总数的17.24%。研究结果为指导小麦黄花叶病区合理选择小麦品种提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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Marcelo Andrade Yosuke Abe Kenji S. Nakahara Ichiro Uyeda 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2009,75(3):241-249
The same mutant allele of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) that confers resistance to Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (sbm-1) and the white lupine strain of Bean yellow mosaic virus (wlv) also confers resistance to Clover yellow vein virus (ClYVV) in pea. The eIF4E genes from several pea lines were isolated and sequenced. Analysis of the eIF4E amino acid sequences from several resistant
lines revealed that some lines, including PI 378159, have the same sequence as reported for sbm-1 and wlv. When eIF4E from a susceptible pea line was expressed from a ClYVV vector after mechanical inoculation of resistant PI 378159, the virus
caused systemic infection, similar to its effects in susceptible line PI 250438. The resistance to ClYVV in line PI 378159
was characterized through a cross with PI 193835, which reportedly carries cyv-2. Mechanical inoculation of the F1 progeny with ClYVV resulted in no infection, indicating that the resistance gene in PI
378159 is identical to cyv-2 in PI 193835. Furthermore, particle bombardment of pea line PI 193835 with infectious cDNA of ClYVV (pClYVV/C3-S65T) resulted
in the same resistance mode as that described for PI 378159. These results demonstrate that the resistance to ClYVV conferred
by cyv-2 is mediated by eIF4E and that cyv-2 is identical to sbm-1 and wlv. 相似文献
16.
中国小麦生产品种对条锈菌不同生理小种抗病性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
小麦条锈病是严重威胁我国小麦安全生产的病害,抗病品种培育和利用是经济、安全、高效的防控策略.通过对来自全国不同麦区的115个小麦生产品种进行苗期和成株期抗条锈病分小种鉴定的结果显示,供试小麦品种对条锈菌流行小种的抗病性存在明显差异.其中,苗期对7个条锈菌生理小种均表现抗病的品种9个(占参试品种的7.8%),均表现感病的品种23个(占20.0%);对条锈菌生理小种CYR32、CYR33和V26均表现全生育期抗性的品种13个(占11.3%)、成株抗性品种5个(占4.3%)和慢锈性品种3个(占2.6%).表明当前我国小麦主产区品种整体抗条锈性水平仍较低,需大力加强小麦抗条锈病育种工作,并对不同麦区小麦品种合理布局问题进行了讨论. 相似文献
17.
为了解湖北省小麦品种(系)的抗病性水平,对2001年以来湖北省审定的46个小麦品种和在湖北省进行区域试验的447份小麦品系进行赤霉病、条锈病、白粉病和纹枯病等4种主要病害的抗病性评价。结果表明:1)参试品系中有1份材料对赤霉病表现高抗,未发现对纹枯病表现高抗或免疫的材料;对赤霉病和纹枯病的平均抗性评价分值分别为14.30和3.49,介于中感和高感之间;对条锈病和白粉病的平均抗性评价分值分别为13.43和8.34,介于中抗和中感之间。2)审定品种的综合抗性水平不高,对条锈病的抗性评价分值为12.47,介于中抗和中感之间,对其他3种病害的抗性介于中感和高感之间;审定品种的单产呈增加趋势,株高在不断降低,生育期相应延长,综合抗病性也在增强。3)审定品种的综合抗病性与对条锈病抗性的相关系数最高,为0.738;对纹枯病的抗性与株高呈显著正相关,与单产呈显著负相关;对赤霉病的抗性与株高无显著相关。鉴于此,湖北省需加强抗病育种力度,同时应充分做好小麦病害的防控。 相似文献
18.
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important crop, and wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV) can cause a severe loss in wheat yield. A genetically modified (GM) wheat carrying a WYMV 72kD coding gene (Wheat 72kD) with resistance to WYMV has been constructed in a previous study. However, neither the influence of genetic modification on wild-type wheat (WT) metabolism nor the effect of WYMV-infection on the metabolic profiling in 72kD is clear. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to detect the metabolic profiling in GM, WT, GM with WYMV-inoculation (GMV), WT with WYMV-inoculation (WTV) wheat, respectively. As a result, GM and WTV samples were close to each other on the principal component analysis (PCA) plot, indicating genetic modification and WYMV-infection might cause similar changes in wheat metabolism. Only 54 metabolites were annotated, and 16, 12, 17, and 14 metabolites were significantly different between GMV and GM, GMV and WTV, GM and WT, as well as between WTV and WT, respectively. Furthermore, overlapped metabolites were identified, including 3-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (CHBA), 3-sulfocatechol, S-mercaptocysteine, 1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene (2-chloronitrobenzene) and melarsoprol. In conclusion, genetic modification or/and WYMV-infection significantly affected the metabolism in wheat. This is the first report investigating the effects of WYMV-infection on metabolic profiling in GM wheat. 相似文献
19.
C. Burt L. L. Griffe A. P. Ridolfini S. Orford S. Griffiths P. Nicholson 《Plant pathology》2014,63(6):1241-1250
Eyespot is an economically important stem base disease of wheat caused by the soilborne fungal pathogens Oculimacula yallundae and Oculimacula acuformis. The most effective method of controlling the disease is host resistance. However, there are only three genetically characterized resistances in wheat varieties and further sources of resistance are required. Previous studies have identified resistances in wild relatives, but use of these resistances has been limited by linkage drag with deleterious traits exacerbated by low rates of recombination. Therefore, the identification of novel resistances in hexaploid wheat germplasm is desirable. The Watkins collection currently consists of 1056 hexaploid wheat landraces that represent global wheat diversity at the time of its collection in the 1920s and 1930s. As such, it may contain beneficial agronomic traits such as eyespot resistance. The Watkins collection was screened for resistance to O. yallundae based on a glasshouse test of all 1056 accessions and a polytunnel test of 44 accessions selected from a previous field trial. Resistant lines identified in these tests were retested against both O. yallundae and O. acuformis. This identified 17 accessions with resistance to one or both of the pathogen species. From these, two accessions (1190094.1 and 1190736.3) provided a high level of resistance to both pathogen species. An F4 population derived from accession 1190736.3 indicated that the resistance to O. acuformis in this accession is conferred by a single gene and therefore would be suitable for introgression into elite wheat varieties to provide an alternative source of eyespot resistance. 相似文献
20.
核苷酸序列分析结果表明,小麦黄色花叶病毒(W YMV)不同分离物的外壳蛋白基因存在一定的差异。邓州分离物CP基因在其31~33nt处均缺失了3个核苷酸,其余分离物与潢川分离物及日本分离物长度一致,均为882nt。不同分离物CP基因核苷酸序列同源性为97.3%~98.9%,由此推导的氨基酸序列同源性为97.6%~99.3%,外壳蛋白N末端的110个氨基酸和C末端的55个氨基酸在各个分离物间是高度保守的。潢川分离物有5个氨基酸与其它5个分离物明显不同。WYMV不同分离物外壳蛋白序列分析结果进一步确认了WYMV与WSSMV为Bymovirus属的2种不同病毒。 相似文献