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生猪运输车辆的生物安全控制,对控制重大动物疫病传播具有重要作用。本文收集整理了国外生猪运输车辆清洗、消毒等生物安全控制和管理等方面的经验措施,基于我国生猪运输车辆管理的相关规定,提出了加快推动建设动物运输车辆洗消中心、推进车辆清消中心标准操作规程的建立、落实生猪运输车辆清消完毕后采样检测工作、严格落实生猪运输车辆备案管理以及制定生猪运输车辆相关行业标准等意见和建议,以期为规范生猪运输车辆管理,有效防控重大动物疫病提供参考。 相似文献
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为准确分析当前形势下非洲猪瘟(ASF)传入山东省青岛市的可能性,参照世界动物卫生组织(OIE)风险分析方法,分析生猪及其产品调运、运输车辆和人员消毒、生猪养殖、相关场所生物安全、ASF实验室检测、病死猪无害化处理和餐厨垃圾处理等数据信息,评估ASF传入风险、暴露风险和发生后果。结果显示:ASF传入青岛市的风险较高,主要传入风险是大量生猪及其产品的调运;主要暴露风险是运输屠宰生猪及其产品的车辆、屠宰厂及肉制品加工企业冷库储备的猪肉及其产品;ASF传入后,会对青岛市的生猪养殖业、猪肉制品贸易和城市形象形成很大影响。因此,山东省青岛市应针对ASF传入和传播的高风险点,采取相应防控措施,严防ASF传入和传播,以保障青岛市养猪业的健康发展和猪肉食品供给。本研究为各地非洲猪瘟防控提供了技术参考。 相似文献
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<正>规模化养殖是养殖业发展趋势,在市场经济中占有非常突出地位。随着种畜禽大量调入,商品动物的频繁调运,给动物疫情带来巨大的风险和压力,使养殖场效益降低。为此,我们必须采取综合防控措施,提高规模养殖场效益。1建立健全生物安全管理制度生物安全是预防疫病进入养殖环节水平传播的有效措施。因此,规模养殖场建立健全生物安全管理制度,是降低疫病发生风险,提高规模 相似文献
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本文主要针对运输环节畜禽检疫监管工作要点进行研究,先阐述了当前畜禽检疫监管和监督管理工作存在现状,然后又提出了几点切实可行的监管措施,主要包括加强畜禽调运制度管理、提高监督执法人员综合素质、加大技术和资金投入力度、部门之间进行协作,打击违法调运行为、注重畜禽运输车辆和经纪人备案管理、规范运输环节疫情处置,进而以便实现对运输环节畜禽检疫监管。 相似文献
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为做好非洲猪瘟防控工作,农业农村部要求加强生猪运输车辆监管,全面强化生猪运输车辆备案等监管措施。山西省创新工作机制,实现了车主“微信”备案申请,审核人员线上、线下同时审核的备案管理工作机制,同时将生猪运输车辆备案管理与电子出证系统有机结合,既实现了对运输车辆的实时监控和历史轨迹查询,又提高了备案车辆接受监管的主动性,同时也提高了监管效率,取得了良好的监管成效。山西省生猪运输车辆备案工作,为其他地区运输车辆的监管提供了借鉴,对于当前非洲猪瘟等重大动物疫病防控具有积极意义,但仍需要进一步完善程序,拓宽备案范围,加强与其他平台的对接,从而提高监管效率。 相似文献
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Beran GW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):198-207
When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures. 相似文献
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Dekker A Dercksen D Snoep J van Wuyjckhuise L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2007,132(18):695-701
On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures. 相似文献
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在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。 相似文献
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