首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 625 毫秒
1.
Objective-To compare the use of a single-sample method involving IV administration of iodixanol with a multisample method involving inulin for the estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in cats. Animals-24 cats, including 15 healthy cats and 9 cats with naturally occurring renal diseases. Procedures-Each cat was coadministered iodixanol (a nonionic contrast medium; dose providing 40 mg of I/kg) and inulin (50 mg/kg), IV, and blood samples were collected 60, 90, and 120 minutes later. Serum iodixanol and inulin concentrations were determined by means of high-performance liquid chromatography and colorimetry, respectively. Serum urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations were also measured. Results-Analysis of the data from healthy cats and cats with naturally occurring renal diseases revealed an excellent correlation between GFR values estimated by the multisample and single-sample methods with iodixanol. Likewise, GFR values estimated from the single-sample method with iodixanol were closely correlated with those calculated from the multisample method with inulin. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-For estimation of GFR in cats, use of a single-sample method with iodixanol, instead of a multisample procedure, may be an expedient tool in both clinical and research settings because of its benefits to patient well-being as a result of reduced stress associated with blood sample collection.  相似文献   

2.
To evaluate serum clearance of iodixanol, applicable to the estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), clinically healthy and experimentally-induced nephropathy calves were prepared. Iodixanol was administered intravenously at 40 mg I/kg, and blood was withdrawn 60, 120, and 180 min later. Serum iodixanol concentration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. No statistical difference in GFR was noted between strains (Holstein vs. Japanese Black) or sexes, and the α(2)-adrenergic agonist xylazine increased GFR. In calves subjected to right renal vessel ligation, followed by a left nephrectomy, a marked reduction in GFR was observed with renal ischemic changes. These results suggest that the GFR estimation by serum iodixanol clearance is a ready-to-use tool in calf research and practice owing to the ease of monitoring serial renal function.  相似文献   

3.
To estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in horses, an optimum dose of the nonionic contrast medium iodixanol as a tracer was assessed with blood-sample times. Iodixanol was administered intravenously at 10–40 mg I/kg to geldings and mares, and blood was collected 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 min later. Serum iodixanol concentration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and serum urea nitrogen (UN) and creatinine concentrations were also measured. The combination of 20 mg I/kg iodixanol and sampling times of 60, 90, and 120 min after injection was considered to be appropriate for practical use. In clinically healthy horses, the reference values were determined to be 1.90 ± 0.03 ml/min/kg (150.8 ± 2.94 ml/min/m2), consistent with historical data using different tracers. The result suggests that serum clearance of iodixanol is a ready-to-use tool for a screening of alterations in the equine GFR, although it is necessary to perform a more longitudinal study using horses with a variety of renal functions.  相似文献   

4.
To clarify the effect of renal dysfunction on pharmacokinetics of the prokinetic agent metoclopramide (MCP), we administered intravenously 0.4 mg/kg MCP to healthy calves and calves subjected to right kidney vessel ligation (ligation) without or with a subsequent left nephrectomy (ligation plus removal). Plasma MCP concentration, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and plasma prolactin level were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, simplified equation using iodixanol and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Only in calves with ligation plus removal, plasma MCP concentrations were increased significantly 6, 8 and 12 hr after injection, showing that a negative correlation was observed between the plasma MCP concentrations and GFR value. A tendency to increase in plasma PRL concentration was noted also in these calves. In conclusions, plasma MCP concentrations depend on the GFR mode in calves, and its critical GFR value was estimated.  相似文献   

5.
A colorimetric assay used to quantify the non-ionic contrast medium iodixanol in sera was validated and compared with high-performance liquid chromatography. The application of this assay to estimate glomerular filtration rates (GFR) in cattle was examined. Serum iodixanol was de-iodinated by alkaline hydrolysis and the amount of released iodine was subsequently determined using a ceric arsenite method. There was a close correlation between the two methods using identical specimens. In clinically healthy cattle with different body weights, the reference value (166.3-178.8 mL/min/m(2)) based on body surface area was fairly stable as compared with that (2.13-3.63 mL/min/kg) based on body weight. Based on GFR data in healthy and renal-impaired cattle, when the GFR decreased to more than 60% of the reference value, serum urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations increased. The colorimetric assay is a simple method for the estimation of GFR in cattle and requires no expensive equipment.  相似文献   

6.

Background

Application of a multisample method using inulin to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in cats is cumbersome.

Objectives

To establish a simplified procedure to estimate GFR in cats, a single‐blood‐sample method using inulin was compared with a conventional 3‐sample method.

Animals

Nine cats including 6 clinically healthy cats and 3 cats with spontaneous chronic kidney disease.

Methods

Retrospective study. Inulin was administered as an intravenous bolus at 50 mg/kg to cats, and blood was collected at 60, 90, and 120 minutes later for the 3‐sample method. Serum inulin concentrations were colorimetrically determined by an autoanalyzer method. The GFR in the single‐blood‐sample method was calculated from the dose injected, serum concentration, sampling time, and estimated volume of distribution on the basis of the data of the 3‐sample method.

Results

An excellent correlation was observed (r = 0.99, P = .0001) between GFR values estimated by the single‐blood‐sample and 3‐sample methods.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

The single‐blood‐sample method using inulin provides a practicable and ethical alternative for estimating glomerular filtration rate in cats.  相似文献   

7.
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was determined in 53 cats using an inulin single-injection method. Thirty healthy young adult cats were used to establish normal values. The procedure was also used in 23 cats that were either older than 10 years or had borderline serum creatinine levels. The total clearance was calculated from the decay of the serum inulin concentration after injection of 3000 mg/m(2)body surface area using a two-compartment model. Concomitant inulin and iohexol clearance in nine cats showed excellent correlation between the two methods. Calculated normal values for GFR in 30 healthy cats were 35.9-58.5 (median 46.0) ml/min/m(2)or 2.07-3.69 (median 2.72) ml/min/kg. A few cats with normal creatinine or blood urea nitrogen levels were detected as having reduced GFR and therefore being in a state of early renal dysfunction. The study indicates that single-injection inulin clearance is a valuable tool for routine GFR measurement in cats. An "inulin excretion test" using only one blood sample 3h after the administration of 3000 mg/m(2)body surface area could prove an attractive alternative for the assessment of renal function in daily practice.  相似文献   

8.
Nesje, M., Flåøsyen, A. and Moe, L., 1997. Estimation of glomerular filtration rate in normal sheep by the disappearance of iohexol from serum. Veterinary Research Communications, 21 (1), 29-35. The aim of the study was to establish reference values for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in healthy sheep from the clearance of iohexol in serum. Fifteen healthy sheep were tested twice with 14 to 21 days between tests. No side-effects were observed after iohexol injections and all the sheep were clinically normal during and after the study. The mean clearance of iohexol estimated by the two-compartment method was 1.8 ml/min per kg (95% CI = 1.6-2.0) in the first trial and 1.7 ml/min per kg (1.5-1.9) in the second trial. The mean GFRiohexol estimated by a one-compartment method was 1.9 ml/min per kg (1.7-2.2) in the first trial and 1.8 ml/min per kg (1.6-2.0) in the second. The GFR values were similar to those reported for the inulin method. The results indicate that the iohexol method is valid for estimating GFR in sheep, and it is easier to perform than the inulin method.  相似文献   

9.
We examined the correlation between the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimated from an equation based on the serum iodixanol clearance technique and International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats. The equation included the injection dose, sampling time, serum concentration and estimated volume of distribution (Vd) of the isotonic, nonionic, contrast medium iodixanol as a test tracer. The percent changes in the median basal GFR values calculated from the equation in CKD cats resembled those of IRIS stages 1–3. These data validate the association between the GFR derived from the simplified equation and IRIS stages based on the serum creatinine concentration in cats with CKD. They describe the GFR ranges determined using single-sample iodixanol clearance for healthy cats and cats with various IRIS stages of CKD.  相似文献   

10.
The goals of this study were to determine if the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in dogs could be estimated by plasma inulin clearance and/or infusion inulin clearance analyses without urine collection, and to compare these results with GFR values obtained by urinary inulin clearance analysis. The dogs included in this study were healthy 20 beagles. Inulin clearance values were obtained by urinary inulin clearance, infusion inulin clearance, and plasma inulin clearance techniques. Urinary inulin clearance was 4.09±0.52 ml min(-1) kg(-1) (body weight); infusion inulin clearance, 4.01±0.49 ml min(-1) kg(-1); and plasma inulin clearance, 4.14±0.66 ml min(-1) kg(-1). The urinary inulin clearance was strongly correlated with infusion inulin clearance and weakly correlated with plasma inulin clearance. The GFR for dogs can be estimated by infusion and plasma inulin clearance analyses by blood sampling alone, without urine collection.  相似文献   

11.
Ceftiofur is a new broad spectrum cephalosporin marketed for the treatment of acute bovine respiratory disease. In this investigation ceftiofur was administered by intramuscular injection, at 24 h intervals, to healthy beef-bred calves for four days at dosages of 2.2 and 4.4 mg/kg of body weight, with 4 wk intervals between dosing regimens. Serum, tissue chamber fluid (TCF), and bronchial secretion (BS) concentrations of ceftiofur were measured by microbiological assay after the first and fourth dose of each dosing regimen. Peak serum concentrations (Cmax) of 8.8 micrograms/mL and 17.3 micrograms/mL were obtained approximately 2 h (Tmax), the time of mean peak concentration) after single injections of 2.2 mg/kg and 4.4 mg/kg, respectively. The Cmax was increased approximately twofold following multiple doses of 2.2 mg/kg (Cmax = 13.1 micrograms/mL) and 4.4 mg/kg (Cmax = 24.1 micrograms/mL). Ceftiofur accumulated slowly into TCF and peak concentrations were found to be approximately 14% of those observed in serum after the first dose and approximately 24% after multiple dosing. Concentrations of ceftiofur in BS were obtained rapidly with peak concentrations reaching 45% of the serum Cmax after the first dose. After multiple dosing the Cmax for BS was approximately 25% of the serum Cmax. This study found that both the 2.2 mg/kg and 4.4 mg/kg dosing regimens resulted in continuous serum, TCF and BS concentrations of ceftiofur that exceeded the minimal concentration required to inhibit the bacteria most frequently isolated from calves with acute bovine respiratory disease.  相似文献   

12.
The present study was conducted to determine whether a marginal Se deficiency affects health, blood characteristics and the immune response of calves subjected to stresses associated with weaning, shipping (332 km) and Pasteurella hemolytica inoculation. Treatments were 1) -Se, 2) -Se/P. hemolytica, 3) +Se (.1 mg Se/kg feed) and 4) +Se/P. hemolytica. Previous Se intake was controlled; dams of -Se calves were fed diets marginally deficient in Se (.03 to .05 mg/kg), whereas dams of +Se calves received a s.c. injection of 30 mg Se (as sodium selenite) every 60 d. Calves were inoculated with P. hemolytica intratracheally on d 3 following weaning and transport. Inoculation with P. hemolytica increased (P less than .05) body temperatures, platelet counts, serum IgM concentrations and serum antibody titers and decreased serum albumin concentrations at 4 to 7 d postinoculation. Weight gains for the 21-d study were not affected by Se status, although whole blood and plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were higher (P less than .05) for +Se calves. Plasma GSH-Px increased (P less than .01) in calves showing signs of morbidity. Increases in plasma GSH-Px were correlated positively with body temperature. Serum IgM concentrations were higher (P less than .05) in +Se calves on d 17, but Se-supplemented calves had lower (P less than .05) anti-P. hemolytica titers on d 17 than -Se calves. Selenium status did not affect body temperatures, plasma creatine phosphokinase or serum IgG and albumin concentrations. These results indicate that Se status can affect IgM concentrations following stress.  相似文献   

13.
Comparison of standard and radionuclide methods for measuring glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal blood flow (ERBF) was performed in 8 healthy female horses. Inulin and p-aminohippurate solutions were administered IV as a bolus, followed by sustained administration. Urine and plasma inulin and p-aminohippurate concentrations and urine volume were measured. Glomerular filtration rate and ERBF were calculated on the basis of these measurements. Glomerular filtration rate and ERBF were measured on the basis of plasma clearance of the radiopharmaceuticals, 99mTc-labeled diethylene-triaminepentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) and [131I]-o-iodohippuric acid (131I-OIH), respectively. Mean +/- SEM GFR, using inulin, was 1.83 +/- 0.21 ml/min/kg of body weight. Mean GFR, using 99mTc-DTPA was 1.79 +/- 0.18 ml/min/kg. Mean ERBF, using p-aminohippurate, was 15.13 +/- 1.28 ml/min/kg. Mean ERBF, using 131I-OIH, was 18.42 +/- 1.57 ml/min/kg. Analysis of variance indicated no significant difference between mean values for GFR and ERBF. Radionuclide measurement of GFR and ERBF compared well with standard methods and is an alternative technique to the cumbersome standard methods for determination of GFR and ERBF in horses.  相似文献   

14.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate renal effects of carprofen in healthy dogs following general anesthesia. DESIGN: Randomized clinical trial. ANIMALS: 10 English hound dogs (6 females and 4 males). PROCEDURE: Dogs were randomly assigned to control (n = 5) or carprofen (5) groups. Anesthesia was induced with propofol (6 to 8 mg/kg [2.7 to 3.6 mg/lb] of body weight, i.v.) and maintained with isoflurane (end-tidal concentration, 2.0%). Each dog underwent two 60-minute anesthetic episodes with 1 week between episodes, and mean arterial blood pressure was maintained between 60 and 90 mm Hg during each episode. Dogs in the carprofen group received carprofen (2.2 mg/kg [1 mg/lb], p.o.) at 9:00 AM and 6:00 PM the day before and at 7:00 AM the day of the second anesthetic episode. Glomerular filtration rates (GFR) were determined during each anesthetic episode by use of renal scintigraphy. Serum creatinine and BUN concentrations and the urine gamma-glutamyltransferase-to-creatinine concentration (urine GGT:creatinine) ratio were determined daily for 2 days before and 5 days after general anesthesia. RESULTS: Significant differences were not detected in BUN and serum creatinine concentrations, urine GGT:creatinine ratio, and GFR either between or within treatment groups over time. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Carprofen did not significantly alter renal function in healthy dogs anesthetized with propofol and isoflurane. These results suggest that carprofen may be safe to use for preemptive perioperative analgesia, provided that normal cardiorespiratory function is maintained.  相似文献   

15.
Twenty-nine healthy 17- to 29-day-old unweaned Israeli-Friesian male calves were each given a single IV or IM injection of 10 or 20 mg of moxalactam disodium/kg of body weight. Serum concentrations were measured serially during a 12-hour period. Serum concentration vs time profiles were analyzed by use of linear least-squares regression analysis and the statistical moment theory. The elimination half-lives after IV administration were 143.7 +/- 30.2 minutes and 155.5 +/- 10.5 minutes (harmonic mean +/- SD) at dosages of 10 and 20 mg of moxalactam/kg of body weight, respectively. Corresponding mean residence time values were 153.1 +/- 26.8 minutes and 169.9 +/- 19.3 minutes (arithmetic mean +/- SD). Mean residence time values after IM administration were 200.4 +/- 17.5 minutes and 198.4 +/- 19.9 minutes at dosages of 10 and 20 mg/kg, respectively. The volumes of distribution at steady state were 0.285 +/- 0.073 L/kg and 0.313 +/- 0.020 L/kg and total body clearance values were 1.96 +/- 0.69 ml/min/kg and 1.86 +/- 0.18 ml/min/kg after administration of dosages of 10 and 20 mg/kg, respectively. Moxalactam was rapidly absorbed from the IM injection site and peak serum concentrations occurred at 1 hour. The estimated bioavailability ranged from 69.8 to 79.1%. The amount of serum protein binding was 53.4, 55.0, and 61.5% when a concentration of moxalactam was at 50, 10, and 2 micrograms/ml, respectively. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of moxalactam ranged from 0.01 to 0.2 micrograms/ml against Salmonella and Escherichia coli strains and from 0.005 to 6.25 micrograms/ml against Pasteurella multocida strains.  相似文献   

16.
Twenty four (24) healthy male Holstein calves (< 70 kg) were each experimentally infected by intrabronchial inoculation of 4.0 x 10(9) viable cells of Pasteurella haemolytica-AI (B122) at Time = 0 h. At 1 h following inoculation animals received either: 1) Sham treatment with sterile 0.85% saline SC (n = 12); or 2) a single injection of 10 mg tilmicosin per kg body weight (n = 12). Calves that were non-infected and tilmicosin-treated were also included for determining tilmicosin concentrations in serum and lung tissue at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 24, 48, and 72 h (n = 3-per time). In the infected calves, response to therapy was monitored clinically. Serum samples were collected for determination of tilmicosin concentrations using HPLC. Any animal becoming seriously ill was humanely killed. Complete necropsy examinations were performed on all animals and included gross pathologic changes, bacteriologic analysis, histopathology, and determination of pulmonary concentrations of tilmicosin. Tilmicosin treated animals responded significantly better to therapy than saline-treated control calves. Clinical assessment of calves during the study indicated that tilmicosin-treated calves had significantly improved by T = 8 h compared to satine-treated animals (P < 0.05). At necropsy tilmicosin-treated calves had significantly less severe gross and histological lesions (P < 0.05) of the pulmonary tissue. Of the 12 saline-treated calves, 92% (11/12) had Pasteurella haemolytica-A1 in lung tissue, while of the tilmicosin-treated calves 0% (0/12) cultured positive for P. haemolytica. Mean (+/- standard error) serum tilmicosin concentrations in infected calves peaked at 1 h post-injection (1.10 +/- 0.06 micrograms/mL) and rapidly decreased to 0.20 +/- 0.03 microgram/mL, well below the MIC of 0.50 microgram/mL for P. haemolytica-A1 (B122), by 12 h. These serum concentrations were very similar to serum concentrations of tilmicosin in non-infected tilmicosin-treated calves. Lung tissue concentrations of the antibiotic were comparatively high, even at 72 h post-infection (6.50 +/- 0.75 ppm). Lung tissue concentrations at 72 h were significantly higher in experimentally infected calves than in non-infected tilmicosin-treated animals (P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that tilmicosin was effective in treating experimentally-induced pneumonic pasteurellosis as determined by alleviation of clinical signs, pathological findings at post mortem, and presence of viable bacteria from the lung. Concentrations substantially above MIC for P. haemolytica were present in lung tissue even at 72 h following a single subcutaneous injection of 10 mg tilmicosin per kg body weight.  相似文献   

17.
Two experiments were conducted to determine whether the supplementation of Cu in the organic or inorganic form to 2-yr-old cows, before and after calving, affects reproduction rate, calf health and performance, passive transfer of immunoglobulin, or liver and serum Cu concentrations compared with unsupplemented controls. Cows (n = 75 in 1997; n = 120 in 1998) were randomly assigned by estimated calving date and body condition score to one of three treatments: 1) Control, control; 2) Inorganic, inorganic Cu supplement (200 mg Cu from CuSO4); 3) Organic, organic Cu supplement (100 mg Cu from AvailaCu). In 1998, a fourth treatment was added; 4) CU-ZN, organic Cu and Zn (400 mg Zn from AvailaZn in the Organic diet). Cows were fed a hay-based diet and individually fed supplements for approximately 45 d before and 60 d after calving (approximately January 15 to May 15 each year). Liver biopsies were obtained from cows before supplementation began, and from cows and calves at 10 and 30 d after calving. Blood samples were obtained from both cows and calves at calving, and colostrum samples were collected for IgG and mineral content. Cow liver Cu concentrations before supplementation began were 58 mg/kg in 1997 and 40 mg/kg (DM basis) in 1998. By 10 d after calving, liver Cu concentrations of Control cows had decreased (P < 0.05) to 24 mg/kg (Cu deficient) in both years, whereas liver Cu concentrations of Cu-supplemented cows increased (P < 0.05) in both years. Calf liver Cu concentrations at 10 d of age were similar (P > 0.10) for all treatment groups. No differences (P > 0.10) were found in colostrum Cu concentrations, or in calf health among treatments. No differences (P > 0.10) were found in cow BW change, calf serum Cu concentrations, calf weaning weights, or in cow 60-d pregnancy rates among treatments in either year. In 1998, cows in the Organic group had higher (P < 0.05) 30-d pregnancy rate than Control cows. Neither serum samples nor placental tissue were reliable indicators of Cu status in cows. Feeding supplemental Cu (either inorganic, organic, or organic with extra Zn) to cows with liver Cu concentrations of approximately 50 mg/kg before calving did not improve cow 60-d pregnancy rates or the health and performance of their calves when compared with unsupplemented cows.  相似文献   

18.
Nine combinations of dosages and concentrations of D-xylose were given orally to eight clinically normal, immature dogs. The concentrations and dosages of D-xylose consisted of 5%, 10%, and 20% at 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 750 mg/kg. Serum samples were collected at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes. Serum xylose was quantitated using the phloroglucinol microassay technique. A peak in serum xylose concentration was seen for each treatment combination at 60 or 90 minutes after dosing. The dosage effect was important in influencing serum xylose values (P < 0.0001). As the test solution dosages increased from 250 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg and 750 mg/kg, serum xylose values (when dosage was analyzed over the length of the entire test) rose linearly (R(2) = 0.98). The treatment combinations of 5% and 20% xylose solutions dosed at 750 mg/kg produced the highest serum xylose values at the 60- and 90-minute peak intervals. The independent effect of concentration was significant (p < 0.001) but was overridden by the stronger dosage effect. Serum xylose concentrations varied little statistically (p > 0.05) when the 5%, 10%, and 20% solutions were compared at a specific dosage.  相似文献   

19.
Background: Plasma transfusions have been used clinically in the management of neonates with failure of passive transfer. No studies have evaluated the effect of IV serum transfusions on serum IgG concentrations in dairy calves with inadequate transfer of passive immunity.
Hypothesis: A commercially available serum product will increase serum immunoglobulin concentration in calves with inadequate transfer of colostral immunoglobulins.
Animals: Thirty-two Jersey and Jersey-Holstein cross calves with inadequate colostral transfer of immunoglobulins (serum total protein <5.0 g/L).
Methods: Thirty-two calves were randomly assigned to either control (n = 15) or treated (n = 17) groups. Treated calves received 0.5 L of a pooled serum product IV. Serum IgG concentrations before and after serum transfusion were determined by radial immunodiffusion.
Results: Serum protein concentrations increased from time 0 to 72 hours in both control and transfused calves and the difference was significant between the control and treatment groups ( P < .001). Mean pre- and posttreatment serum IgG concentrations in control and transfused calves did not differ significantly. Median serum IgG concentrations decreased from 0 to 72 hours by 70 mg/dL in control calves and increased over the same time interval in transfused calves by 210 mg/dL. The difference was significant between groups ( P < .001). The percentage of calves that had failure of immunoglobulin transfer 72 hours after serum transfusion was 82.4%.
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Serum administration at the dosage reported did not provide adequate serum IgG concentrations in neonatal calves with inadequate transfer of colostral immunoglobulins.  相似文献   

20.
The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetic values for gentamicin in neonatal calves and to compare these values with those in adult cattle (cows). Gentamicin (4 mg/kg of body weight) was administered IV to 7 Holstein bull calves on days 1 (between 12 and 24 hours of age), 5, 10, and 15 after birth, and was administered once IV to 7 Holstein cows. Serum was collected from each animal before administration and at 22 different time intervals from 2 to 400 minutes after injection. Sera were analyzed for gentamicin concentrations. Decay of serum gentamicin concentrations was best described by a 2-compartment pharmacokinetic model. Elimination half-life (t1/2 (beta)) of gentamicin decreased from day 1 (149 minutes) to day 5 (119 minutes), but did not change between days 5 and 15 (111 minutes). Compared with the t1/2(beta) in 1- and 15-day-old calves, the t 1/2 (beta) in cows was shorter (76 minutes). In the calves, apparent volume of distribution (based on total area under the disposition curve) did not change between 1 (393 ml/kg) and 5 (413 ml/kg) days of age, decreased on day 10 (341 ml/kg) and cows day 15 (334 ml/kg), and was markedly smaller than that in cows (140 ml/kg). Total body clearance of gentamicin in cows (1.29 ml/min X kg) was lower than that seen in calves on day 1 (1.92 ml/min X kg) and on day 15 (2.10 ml/min X kg). The decrease in apparent volume of distribution of gentamicin was mirrored by a large decrease in the extracellular fluid volume, as measured by inulin space.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号