共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
以壳聚糖微球为载体,采用包埋—交联法固定化β-葡萄糖苷酶。通过单因素和正交试验确定了最佳固定化方法。研究结果表明,β-葡萄糖苷酶的最佳固定化条件为:pH值4.6,温度65℃,酶用量166.88IU/g(以绝干壳聚糖计,下同)的β-葡萄糖苷酶经质量分数为2.5%的壳聚糖微球包埋2h,在25℃下质量分数为4.0%的戊二醛下交联2h,得到酶活力为152IU/g和酶活回收率为90.60%的固定化酶。 相似文献
2.
应用热水提取法、酶解法、超声波提取法3种方法,从半叶马尾藻中提取多糖,以多糖提取率为指标,通过单因素和正交优化实验分别确立提取多糖的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,热水提取法的最佳工艺为：水浴温度85℃,pH值2．0,水浴时间5h,料液比1：30;酶解提取法的最佳工艺为：酶解温度50℃,时间2．5h,酶用量l％,pH值4．8,料液比1：30;超声波提取法的最佳工艺条件为：超声时间30min,温度80℃,功率300W,pH值2．0,料液比1：30。3种工艺的多糖提取率分别为：热水提取法4．50％,酶解法6．13％,超声波法10．55％。 相似文献
3.
《农产品加工．学刊》2014,(1)
以人工养殖达氏鳇脊骨为原料,按碱提-酶解-乙醇沉淀工艺流程提取硫酸软骨素的工艺条件进行研究。通过单因素及正交试验,得出碱提的最佳条件是碱液质量分数为6%,料液比为1∶7,提取温度为40℃,提取时间为4.5 h。酶解的最佳条件为浸提液pH值调至8~9,采用质量比1∶1的木瓜蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶的混合酶,按质量分数2.5%加入,55℃水浴酶解5 h。通过单因素试验,得出乙醇沉淀的最佳条件为滤液pH值调为6.5,加入无水乙醇至醇沉体积分数70%,室温静置过夜。在最佳工艺条件下硫酸软骨素得率为40.65%,D-葡萄糖醛酸含量为22.15%。 相似文献
4.
《农产品加工．学刊》2014,(1)
以人工养殖达氏鳇脊骨为原料,按碱提-酶解-乙醇沉淀工艺流程提取硫酸软骨素的工艺条件进行研究。通过单因素及正交试验,得出碱提的最佳条件是碱液质量分数为6%,料液比为1∶7,提取温度为40℃,提取时间为4.5 h。酶解的最佳条件为浸提液pH值调至8~9,采用质量比1∶1的木瓜蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶的混合酶,按质量分数2.5%加入,55℃水浴酶解5 h。通过单因素试验,得出乙醇沉淀的最佳条件为滤液pH值调为6.5,加入无水乙醇至醇沉体积分数70%,室温静置过夜。在最佳工艺条件下硫酸软骨素得率为40.65%,D-葡萄糖醛酸含量为22.15%。 相似文献
5.
《农产品加工．学刊》2014,(6)
<正>从燕麦麸皮中提取高纯度β-葡聚糖、燕麦全粉的方法该项目涉及一种从燕麦麸中提取β-葡聚糖的技术,解决了从燕麦麸中提取β-葡聚糖及有效去除杂质的问题。制备步骤如下:将脱脂燕麦麸皮加水搅拌再加入α-淀粉酶;过滤并将得到的过滤液体离心得到β-葡聚糖液体及燕麦分离蛋白;加入糖化酶、戊聚糖酶、果胶酶、中性蛋白酶、灭酶微滤膜过滤,离子交换树脂处理,超滤膜浓缩得到 相似文献
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7.
以燕麦加工产品的剩余滤渣为原料,研究酶-碱结合法制备燕麦麸膳食纤维的提取工艺。在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验,确定提取燕麦麸膳食纤维的最佳工艺条件为:料水比1∶10,α-淀粉酶添加量1.5%,溶液pH 6.5,65℃条件下酶解30 min,酶解液加3%浓度为1 mol/L的NaOH溶液,60℃条件下碱解40 min。制得的燕麦麸膳食纤维的提取率可达56.43%,持水力为3.414 9 g/g,溶胀性为3.13 mL/g。 相似文献
8.
《农产品加工．学刊》2017,(11)
为了研究燕麦中多酚化合物的提取工艺及其化学组成,以超声波处理为辅助手段,以多酚提取量为试验指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验对提取温度、提取时间、料液比和乙醇体积分数进行优化,并利用高效液相-电喷雾质谱法对所获得的燕麦多酚化学组成进行分析。试验结果表明,超声辅助处理(超声功率180 W,超声时间20 min)燕麦多酚提取最佳工艺条件为乙醇体积分数70%,料液比1∶11,提取时间4.5 h,提取温度40℃;在此条件下,燕麦多酚提取量为183.12 mg/100 g。通过高效液相-电喷雾质谱法检测分析,确定燕麦中多酚化合物以结合态形式存在,主要为N-3',4'-二羟基肉桂酰-5-羟基邻氨基苯甲酸、燕麦蒽酰胺及其衍生物、二烯酸与二十六烷-1-醇、26-羟基二十六烷酸和28-羟基二十八烷酸组成的酚酸酯化物。 相似文献
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10.
《农产品加工．学刊》2017,(12)
以青稞麸皮为原料,采用单因素试验和正交试验设计,用β-葡聚糖检验试剂盒法测定提取样品中β-葡聚糖的含量。结果表明,青稞麸皮β-葡聚糖适宜采用水提+碱提的提取方法进行提取,其最佳工艺条件为料液比1∶10,提取温度55℃,水提时间2 h,碱提pH值8.0,碱提时间1 h,在此条件下青稞β-葡聚糖提取率为68.12%。 相似文献
11.
裸燕麦麸中β-葡聚糖提取工艺的优化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以裸燕麦麸为原料提取β-葡聚糖,研究提取温度、提取时间、料水比等对β-葡聚糖提取率的影响,通过单因素实验及正交实验确定了最佳提取工艺条件。采用该工艺得到的β-葡聚糖产品含量可达到80%以上。 相似文献
12.
燕麦葡聚糖合酶基因AsCSLH的克隆及特征分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
β-葡聚糖是燕麦发挥保健作用的重要功能因子,分离其合成关键基因有助于解析燕麦β-葡聚糖积累的分子机制。以高β-葡聚糖燕麦地方品种夏莜麦为材料, 通过RACE和染色体步移的方法克隆了燕麦β-葡聚糖合酶基因AsCSLH及其基因组序列并分析其序列结构特征,采用半定量RT-PCR方法研究该基因组织表达特性。分离出的燕麦CSLH基因包含6个内含子, 内含子剪接方式均符合GT/AG剪接规则,编码区全长2 277 bp,在序列上与水稻CSLH基因的编码区序列相似性最高并且所预测的编码蛋白含有相关多糖合成酶保守结构域。AsCSLH基因在燕麦各组织中均有表达,在灌浆期籽粒中表达水平最高。推测AsCSLH基因在燕麦籽粒的β-葡聚糖合成中起重要作用。 相似文献
13.
Variability of the β -glucan content in oat caryopsis of 132 cultivated-oat genotypes and 39 wild-oat genotypes
In order to establish the genetic variability and the environmental dependency on the β -glucan contents (% DM) in oat caryopses, several outdoor experiments have been conducted. For a test period of 3 years, 132 oat genotypes from the gene bank of the Federal Research Institute for Agriculture (FAL) in Braunschweig were cultivated in the field. Furthermore, 39 wild-oat genotypes from the gene bank were grown in Mitscherlich pots in protected areas for a 2-year test period. The genetic-variance range of the 132 oat genotypes in terms of β -glucan content is maximally 2.27 % DM (1993). During the 3-year test period, the lowest value was 3.23 % DM and the highest 5.67 % DM. For the 39 wild-oat genotypes, the variance range of β -glucan content was slightly higher (2.95 % DM, 1992). The minimum was 3.13 % DM and the maximum 6.08 % DM (1992). The β -glucan content (% DM) was significantly influenced by prevailing climatic conditions during the test year. In conclusion, it may be stated that, for oat breeding based on β -glucan content (% DM) the oat's genetic variability for the cultivated and wild plants investigated is similar, so that there is actually no need to go back to the wild material. 相似文献
In order to establish the genetic variability and the environmental dependency on the β -glucan contents (% DM) in oat caryopses, several outdoor experiments have been conducted. For a test period of 3 years, 132 oat genotypes from the gene bank of the Federal Research Institute for Agriculture (FAL) in Braunschweig were cultivated in the field. Furthermore, 39 wild-oat genotypes from the gene bank were grown in Mitscherlich pots in protected areas for a 2-year test period. The genetic-variance range of the 132 oat genotypes in terms of β -glucan content is maximally 2.27 % DM (1993). During the 3-year test period, the lowest value was 3.23 % DM and the highest 5.67 % DM. For the 39 wild-oat genotypes, the variance range of β -glucan content was slightly higher (2.95 % DM, 1992). The minimum was 3.13 % DM and the maximum 6.08 % DM (1992). The β -glucan content (% DM) was significantly influenced by prevailing climatic conditions during the test year. In conclusion, it may be stated that, for oat breeding based on β -glucan content (% DM) the oat's genetic variability for the cultivated and wild plants investigated is similar, so that there is actually no need to go back to the wild material. 相似文献
14.
Inheritance process for β-glucan content in oat caryopsis
Due to the fact that there are only few studies concerning β-glucans in oat caryopsis with regard to plant-breeding aspects, three oat crosses were performed (cross 19 = low × high, cross 86 = low × low, cross 98 = high × high). In all of the three oat crosses, lower β-glucan content (% DM) was recorded in F, than in F, indicating that the β-glucan content (% DM) at a higher heterozygoty grade is lower than at a reduced heterozygoty grade. This points to a dominant inheritance of lower β-glucan content (% DM). A tendency towards the female β-glucan content (% DM) could not be proven. Thus, it can be started from a nuclear genetic inheritance of the β-glucan content (% DM). In most cases, the experiments showed a normal distribution of β-glucan content (% DM), indicating for several genes a quantitative inheritance of β-glucan content (% DM). By means of the regression of the F3 -lines to the F2 -plants, the narrow-sense heritability could be calculated for the cross 86 (h2 = 0.51***) and the cross 98 (h2 = 0.48***). The heritability for the cross 19 was not significant. 相似文献
Due to the fact that there are only few studies concerning β-glucans in oat caryopsis with regard to plant-breeding aspects, three oat crosses were performed (cross 19 = low × high, cross 86 = low × low, cross 98 = high × high). In all of the three oat crosses, lower β-glucan content (% DM) was recorded in F, than in F, indicating that the β-glucan content (% DM) at a higher heterozygoty grade is lower than at a reduced heterozygoty grade. This points to a dominant inheritance of lower β-glucan content (% DM). A tendency towards the female β-glucan content (% DM) could not be proven. Thus, it can be started from a nuclear genetic inheritance of the β-glucan content (% DM). In most cases, the experiments showed a normal distribution of β-glucan content (% DM), indicating for several genes a quantitative inheritance of β-glucan content (% DM). By means of the regression of the F
15.
β-glucan content in caryopses of oat varieties with regard to cultivation year and nitrogen level .
The positive effects of (1–3), (1–4)- β -D-glucans on the health of human beings gave reason to investigate the production of these compounds in caryopses of oat and their dependence on genetic and environmental conditions. The caryopses of 18 German oat varieties and the effect of three nitrogen rates were tested for 2 years. The β -glucan content (% DM) depends on the oat variety and is influenced by prevailing climatic conditions during the test year. With increasing nitrogen fertilization, the β -glucan content (% DM) increases. The β -glucan-ranking of oat varieties is more or less stable in different environments. 相似文献
The positive effects of (1–3), (1–4)- β -D-glucans on the health of human beings gave reason to investigate the production of these compounds in caryopses of oat and their dependence on genetic and environmental conditions. The caryopses of 18 German oat varieties and the effect of three nitrogen rates were tested for 2 years. The β -glucan content (% DM) depends on the oat variety and is influenced by prevailing climatic conditions during the test year. With increasing nitrogen fertilization, the β -glucan content (% DM) increases. The β -glucan-ranking of oat varieties is more or less stable in different environments. 相似文献
16.
裸燕麦核心种质的抗氧化特性 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
为了解裸燕麦种质资源的抗氧化特性及其抗氧化作用的物质基础,选用和检测了120份国内外裸燕麦种质。其DPPH清除能力及总酚、生物碱和β-葡聚糖含量的变幅分别为4.34~179.98 mg L-1、250.99~807.88 mg kg-1、25.21~347.55 mg kg-1和0.59%~9.69%,表现出明显的基因型差异,不同来源地和不同种质类型裸燕麦的抗氧化能力和生物碱含量差异较大。采用K-mean cluster快速聚类法将其聚为6大类群,分别由20、39、2、22、12和25份种质组成。燕麦籽粒抗氧化能力与其总酚、生物碱含量呈极显著(P＜0.01)正相关,但与β-葡聚糖含量无显著相关性。表明裸燕麦抗氧化能力与其籽粒中所含的总酚和生物碱类物质密切相关。本研究还筛选出一批高抗氧化的燕麦种质资源,有望用于高抗氧化性燕麦品种的培育。 相似文献
17.
青稞籽粒中β-葡聚糖在发芽过程中的变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
确定青稞的处理条件对发芽率的影响,测定与分析发芽青稞中β-葡聚糖的含量的变化。不同温度和时间条件下,统计青稞籽粒的发芽率,并收集样品;采用苯酚-硫酸法,对不同发芽条件下青稞中的β-葡聚糖的含量进行了测定并分析。27℃浸泡6 h后,在27℃条件下培养15 h发芽率最高,在22℃培养条件下β-葡聚糖含量最高为10.01%;通过方法学考察,含量在0~1.0 mg范围内线性关系良好,回归方程为Y=3.9015X-0.0215,R2=0.9939(n=7),平均回收率为96.38%,RSD=1.53%(n=5)。以高含量β-葡聚糖为目的青稞加工,可选择在27℃条件下6 h浸泡,22℃培养发芽作为处理条件。 相似文献
18.
为研究大麦籽粒支链淀粉、直链淀粉和β-葡聚糖积累特性,及淀粉各组分与β-葡聚糖的关系,以2个皮大麦、1个裸大麦和1个糯裸大麦为试验材料,测定花后7、14、21、28d淀粉各组分及β-葡聚糖含量。结果表明,甘啤6号淀粉各组分含量随灌浆推进均逐渐升高,在成熟期达到最大值;甘垦啤7号和甘垦6号均呈先升高后降低趋势,在花后21d有1个峰值。糯大麦C 2-1直链淀粉含量显著低于非糯大麦;支链淀粉含量显著高于非糯大麦,整个灌浆期呈先升高后降低趋势。β-葡聚糖含量均随灌浆时间延长逐渐升高,成熟期含量最高;整个灌浆期糯大麦C 2-1含量显著高于非糯大麦。相关分析表明,直链淀粉/支链淀粉比值与β-葡聚糖含量呈极显著负相关,可以将直链淀粉/支链淀粉比值作为高β-葡聚糖品种选育的一个指标。Logistic方程拟合发现,直链淀粉、β-葡聚糖最终积累量与积累起势与有效积累时间有关,支链淀粉最终积累量取决于最高积累速率和平均积累速率。 相似文献