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1.
5个安徽地方猪种和5个引进猪种微卫星标记遗传多样性分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用30个微卫星DNA标记检测5个安徽地方猪种(定远猪、圩猪、安庆六白猪、皖南黑猪、皖南花猪)和5个引进猪种(巴克夏、杜洛克、皮特兰、大约克夏、长白)的等位基因,并进行了遗传多样性、F统计量、Nei's遗传距离和UPGMA聚类分析。结果表明,30个微卫星座位共检测到380个等位基因,10个猪种的遗传多样性丰富:有效等位基因数2.274 2~4.513 1,期望杂合度范围为0.496 3~0.777 7,多态信息含量范围为0.466 8~0.750 4,安徽地方品种的有效等位基因数、期望杂合度和多态信息含量均高于引进品种。5个安徽地方品种和5个引进品种的遗传分化系数变化范围分别为0.059 1~0.239 4和0.113 1~0.407 5。地方品种和引进品种的基因流平均分别为1.418 7和0.887 3。10个品种之间的遗传距离和遗传相似系数分别为0.341 4~1.628 6和0.196 2~0.710 8。聚类分析显示,5个地方品种和5个引进品种分别聚为一类,地方品种中圩猪和安庆六白猪首先聚为一小类,再与定远猪聚为一小类,皖南黑猪和皖南花猪单独聚为一小类,最后聚为地方品种类中;引进品种中,杜洛克与大约克夏首先聚为一小类,再先后与长白、巴克夏聚为一小类,最后与皮特兰聚在引进品种类中。该研究中30个微卫星座位在10个品种猪中具有丰富的遗传多样性,客观地反映了5个安徽地方品和5个引进品种的遗传关系和遗传分化,为地方品种资源的保护和利用工作提供科学依据,也为研究引进品种的多样性提供基础数据。 相似文献
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本文收集了安徽省六个地方猪种的体量、繁殖和胴体品质的１３个性状的统计资料，运用模糊聚类方法进行计算分析。分析结果表明安徽省六个地方猪种可分为四大类：Ｉ类，江海型：圩猪和六白猪；Ⅱ类，华北型：皖北猪和淮南猪；Ⅲ类，皖南黑猪；Ⅳ类，华中型；皖南花猪。聚类运算结果与地理分布保持高度一致。对开发利用地方猪品种资源，指导育种工作具有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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广东省现有5个地方猪种基于SNP芯片的遗传多样性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究以广东省现有的5个地方猪品种为对象,利用SNP芯片进行SNP分型,对比欧洲野猪、亚洲野猪以及4个西方商业猪种,对广东省现有地方猪品种的遗传多样性、遗传距离以及群体结构进行分析。结果表明:两广小耳花猪、大花白猪和蓝塘猪的遗传多样性低于西方商业猪种以及粤东黑猪和梅花猪;广东省地方猪与亚洲野猪遗传距离较近,与西方猪种遗传距离较远;作为大花白猪一个类群的梅花猪与大花白猪遗传距离较远,主成分分析以及Structure分析表明梅花猪与大花白猪遗传差异较大,梅花猪具有独特的遗传结构并存在西方猪血液的渗入;粤东黑猪与西方猪种遗传距离较近,粤东黑猪也存在西方猪种血液的渗入。综上所述,两广小耳花猪、大花白猪和蓝塘猪的遗传多样性较低,梅花猪和粤东黑猪存在西方猪种血液的渗入。 相似文献
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47个亚、欧、美洲野生、地方和培育猪群的AFLP多态性及群体遗传关系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用双色荧光标记技术,检测21个中国地方猪类群、19个欧美商业猪类群、5个亚欧美野猪类群、1个中国培育猪种、1个杜洛克×中国野猪杂种群体总共47个类群基因组DNA池的AFLP多态性,22种引物组合产生312个AFLP多态标记。根据多态标记信息,计算47个类群间的遗传相似系数,并构建UPMGA聚类关系图。结果表明,中国地方猪、中国野猪与欧美商业猪群、欧美野猪间存在明显的遗传分化,提示中国地方猪起源于亚洲野猪,而欧美商业猪种由欧美野猪驯化而来。杜洛克猪、长白猪和大白猪不同类群间的遗传相似性较高,但也存在一定的遗传分化。南昌白猪与大白猪、PIC L95系与太湖猪有着很近的亲缘关系,真实反映了其育成历史。嘉兴黑猪与梅山猪、冠朝猪、藤田花猪、上犹花猪和万安花猪等地方猪群遗传关系的研究结果与其形态学、地理分布和现行分类情况相一致,认为AFLP技术是遗传多样性和群体遗传学研究的一项有效的技术手段。 相似文献
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9个猪种H-FABP基因5''-上游区和第二内含子的遗传变异 总被引：22，自引：5，他引：17
以 8个中国地方猪种和引进品种大白猪共 40 9头猪为实验动物 ,利用PCR RFLP技术研究了H FABP基因的 5’ 上游区和第二内含子内的遗传变异。结果在 9个品种的 5’ 上游区中都验证了一个HinfⅠ RFLP ,变异的酶切位点在 132 2位 ,等位基因H ,在皖南花猪 ,二花脸猪 ,金华猪 ,小梅山猪 ,滇南小耳猪 ,香猪 ,荣昌猪 ,北京黑猪和大白猪中的频率分别为 0 36 ,0 34 ,0 6 0 ,0 6 6 ,0 80 ,0 73,0 76 ,0 70和 0 90。大白猪和滇南小耳猪的HinfⅠ RFLP的基因型分布相似 ,二者分别与其它 7个猪种之间存在着极显著的差异 ;皖南花猪和二花脸猪相近 ,二者与另外 7个品种之间的差异也达到极显著水平。在第二内含子中 ,验证了一个HaeⅢ RFLP ,该多态性只出现在皖南花猪和大白猪中 ,等位基因D的频率分别为 0 99和 0 6 1。另外 ,发现一个新的多态HinfⅠ 酶切位点 ,测序结果表明 ,该多态位点的产生是由于 1970位碱基C突变为T造成的。该多态位点只在皖南花猪和大白猪中出现 ,等位基因B的频率在两品种中分别为 0 86和 0 5 8。在所有测定的猪种中 ,都没有发现MspⅠ RFLP。 相似文献
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9个猪种H—FABP基因5′—上游区和第二内含子的遗传变异 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
以8个中国地方猪种和引进品种大白猪共409头猪为实验动物，利用PCR－RFLP技术研究了H－FABP基因的5′-上游区和第二内含子内的遗传变异。结果在9个品种的5′－上游区中都验证了一个Hinf I-RFLP，变异的酶切位点在1322位，等位基因H，在皖南花猪，二花脸猪，金华猪，小梅山猪，滇南小耳猪，香猪，荣昌猪，北京黑猪和大白猪中的频率分别为0.36,0.34,0.60,0.66,0.80,0.73,0.76,0.70和0.90。大白猪和滇南小耳猪的Hinf I-RFLP的基因型分布相似，二者分别与其它7个猪种之间存在着极显著的差异；皖南花猪和二花脸猪相近，二者与另外7个品种之间的差异也达到极显著水平。在第二内含子中，验证了一个Hae Ⅲ-RFLP，该多态性只出现在皖南花猪和大白猪中，等位基因D的频率分别为0.99和0.61。另外，发现一个新的多态Hinf I*酶切位点，测序结果表明，该多态位点的产生是由于1970位碱基C突变为T造成的。该多态位点只在皖南花猪和大白猪中出现，等位基因B的频率在两品种中分别为0.86和0.58。在所有测定的猪种中，都没有发现Msp I-RFLP。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究猪骨形态发生蛋白-6（bone morphogenetic protein 6, BMP-6）基因多态性及其与产仔性能的关联。采用PCR-SSCP技术检测了野猪、民猪、长白猪、北京黑猪、法系大白猪5个猪种268个个体BMP-6基因的多态性,并分析了BMP-6基因多态性与法系大白猪产仔性能的关联性。结果表明,猪BMP-6基因CDS区1104位存在1个G→A的同义突变,产生AA、AB、BB 3种基因型,其中在野猪和民猪中,A等位基因频率高;在长白猪、北京黑猪和法系大白猪中,B等位基因频率高。不同基因型对法系大白猪产仔数和产活仔数的影响差异显著（P<0.05）,初步认为BMP-6基因多态性与产仔性能显著关联。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究猪骨形态发生蛋白-6（bone morphogenetic protein 6, BMP-6）基因多态性及其与产仔性能的关联。采用PCR-SSCP技术检测了野猪、民猪、长白猪、北京黑猪、法系大白猪5个猪种268个个体BMP-6基因的多态性,并分析了BMP-6基因多态性与法系大白猪产仔性能的关联性。结果表明,猪BMP-6基因CDS区1104位存在1个G→A的同义突变,产生AA、AB、BB 3种基因型,其中在野猪和民猪中,A等位基因频率高;在长白猪、北京黑猪和法系大白猪中,B等位基因频率高。不同基因型对法系大白猪产仔数和产活仔数的影响差异显著（P<0.05）,初步认为BMP-6基因多态性与产仔性能显著关联。 相似文献
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Quijada RP Bitsch NI Hodgkinson SM 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2012,96(3):421-427
The objectives were to determine the apparent energy digestibility of six pasture species frequently grazed by European wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) and to estimate the digestible energy (DE) consumption from pasture by grazing wild boar. Seven diets were prepared; a base diet (BD) which did not contain any pasture species, diets D1 to D5 which included 75% of the BD and 25% of the dried pasture species Lolium perenne (D1), Festuca arundinacea (D2), Agrostis capillaris (D3), Bromus staminius (D4) or Trifolium repens (D5) and D6 which contained 85% BD and 15% dried Plantago lanceolata. Seven purebred European wild boar (initial liveweight 24.4 ± 0.8 kg, average ± SEM) were given access to the diets following a Latin Square design. The animals received each diet for eight days, with faecal sampling on days 6, 7 and 8. The total apparent DE consumption from pasture by grazing wild boar was estimated using previously collected pasture consumption data from wild boar. The digestibility coefficients and DE contents of the pasture species ranged from 0.29 to 0.65, and 5.8 to 12.6 MJ/kg DM respectively, with L. perenne and P. lanceolata having the greatest digestibility coefficients and DE contents. The wild boar were estimated to satisfy between 52% and 142% of their maintenance energy requirements through pasture consumption. Grazing wild boar are able to utilise an important proportion of the energy present in pasture species. 相似文献
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试验旨在探讨以猪的细胞色素氧化酶Ⅰ（cytochrome C oxidase subunitⅠ,COXⅠ）基因的特定区段作为DNA条形码识别海南特种野猪与其他品种的可行性和有效性。以海南特种野猪、海南野猪、屯昌猪、五指山猪及长白猪为研究对象,测定其COXⅠ基因,同时在NCBI中下载已发表的具有地方代表性的13个猪品种的COXⅠ基因序列,分析海南特种野猪与其他品种的遗传多样性、遗传距离,并构建系统进化树。结果发现,猪COXⅠ基因序列长1 419 bp,5个猪品种45个个体COXⅠ基因共检测到67个变异位点,占分析位点的4.7%,其中简约信息位点22个;5个猪品种的种内遗传距离为0.001~0.019,其中海南特种野猪的种内遗传最大,为0.019;5个猪品种的种间遗传距离为0.009~0.123,其中海南特种野猪与长白猪的遗传距离最大,为0.123;海南特种野猪杂交情况比较明显,与海南本地品种五指山猪、屯昌猪和海南野猪都有聚类,与武夷黑猪、三都黑猪、陆川猪位于一个分支,另一部分与大花白猪位于一个分支,与长白猪没有聚类。本试验结果为海南特种野猪的进一步选育提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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长白山野猪与吉林本地黑猪杂交后代血清生化参数的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本实验选取长白山野猪与吉林本地黑猪杂交后代20头，对其血清中10项生化指标进行了测定，结果表明：长白山野猪与吉林本地黑猪杂交后代的GLU、CREA、TG、AST、ALT均高于家猪，说明长白山野猪与吉林本地黑猪杂交后代GLU代谢高，肌肉代谢产物较多，氨基酸代谢旺盛。UN含量与家猪含量基本接近，说明长白山野猪与吉林本地黑猪杂交后代的蛋白质代谢一切正常。TP、AKP、CHOL含量均低于家猪，说明长白山野猪与吉林本地黑猪杂交后代生长较家猪慢，瘦肉率高于家猪。 相似文献
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Ishiguro N Nishimura M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(6):563-568
To estimate the genetic background of Japanese wild boars inhibiting the 4 prefectures of Shikoku Island (Kagawa, Tokushima, Kouchi and Ehime), we examined haplotypes of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and genotypes of the nuclear glucosephosphate isomerase-processed pseudogene (GPIP) in 189 wild boars. Of the 8 different mtDNA haplotypes (J5, J10, J12, J13, J15, J19, J20 and E33) detected in Shikoku Island, the first to be identified were J19 and J20 (of Japanese wild boar lineage) and E33 (of European domestic pig lineage). The presence of haplotype E33 indicates local crossbreeding between wild boar and escaped domestic pigs and/or crossbred Inobuta. Four kinds of the GPIP genotypes were detected from 189 wild baors in Shikoku Island, but no European GPIP alleles were found. In 113 wild boars, no antibodies against Classical Swine Fever or Aujeszky's disease were detected, suggesting that they had not been exposed to those pathogens. 相似文献
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There has been a worldwide increase in the number and geographical spread of wild boar populations in recent decades leading to an increase in both the circulation of disease agents and greater contact with domestic animals and humans. Diseases affect the population dynamics of wildlife but the effects of most viral diseases on the European wild boar are largely unknown. Many viral diseases present in domestic pig populations are also present in wild boars where they can provide a disease reservoir, as is clearly the case with classical swine fever, but little is known about other viral diseases such as porcine circovirus diseases or hepatitis E. This review considers the current scientific knowledge of the effects of viral diseases on wild boar populations and their r?le as potential disease reservoirs. The focus is on those viral diseases of domestic swine and wild boars that are included as notifiable by the Office International des Epizooties (OIE). 相似文献
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Josephine Schlosser Martin Eiden Ariel Vina-Rodriguez Christine Fast Paul Dremsek Elke Lange Rainer G Ulrich Martin H Groschup 《Veterinary research》2014,45(1)
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the causative agent of acute hepatitis E in humans in developing countries, but sporadic and autochthonous cases do also occur in industrialised countries. In Europe, food-borne zoonotic transmission of genotype 3 (gt3) has been associated with domestic pig and wild boar. However, little is known about the course of HEV infection in European wild boar and their role in HEV transmission to domestic pigs. To investigate the transmissibility and pathogenesis of wild boar-derived HEVgt3, we inoculated four wild boar and four miniature pigs intravenously. Using quantitative real-time RT-PCR viral RNA was detected in serum, faeces and in liver, spleen and lymph nodes. The antibody response evolved after fourteen days post inoculation. Histopathological findings included mild to moderate lymphoplasmacytic hepatitis which was more prominent in wild boar than in miniature pigs. By immunohistochemical methods, viral antigens were detected mainly in Kupffer cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, partially associated with hepatic lesions, but also in spleen and lymph nodes. While clinical symptoms were subtle and gross pathology was inconspicuous, increased liver enzyme levels in serum indicated hepatocellular injury. As the faecal-oral route is supposed to be the most likely transmission route, we included four contact animals to prove horizontal transmission. Interestingly, HEVgt3-infection was also detected in wild boar and miniature pigs kept in contact to intravenously inoculated wild boar. Given the high virus loads and long duration of viral shedding, wild boar has to be considered as an important HEV reservoir and transmission host in Europe.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13567-014-0121-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献17.
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Vicente J Höfle U Garrido JM Fernández-De-Mera IG Juste R Barral M Gortazar C 《Veterinary research》2006,37(1):107-119
We describe the distribution of tuberculosis-like lesions (TBL) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Spain. Animals with TBL were confirmed in 84.21% of mixed populations (n=57) of red deer and wild boar and in 75% of populations of wild boar alone (n=8) in central and southern Spain (core area). The prevalence of TBL declined towards the periphery of this region. In the core area, the prevalence ranged up to 100% in local populations of wild boar (mean estate prevalence 42.51%) and up to 50% in red deer (mean estate prevalence 13.70%). We carried out exploratory statistical analyses to describe the epidemiology of TBL in both species throughout the core area. Prevalence of TBL increased with age in both species. Wild boar and red deer mean TBL prevalence at the estate level were positively associated, and lesion scores were consistently higher in wild boars than in red deer. The wild boar prevalence of TBL in wild boar did not differ between populations that were or were not cohabiting with red deer. Amongst the wild boars with TBL, 61.19% presented generalized lesions, and the proportion of generalized cases was similar between sex and age classes. In red deer, 57.14% of TBL-positive individuals presented generalized lesions, and the percentage of generalized cases increased with age class, but did not differ between the sexes. These results highlight the potential importance of wild boar and red deer in the maintenance of tuberculosis in south central Spain. 相似文献
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Epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis infections of pigs and wild boars using a molecular approach 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Parra A Fernández-Llario P Tato A Larrasa J García A Alonso JM Hermoso de Mendoza M Hermoso de Mendoza J 《Veterinary microbiology》2003,97(1-2):123-133
A molecular epidemiological approach was applied to establishing a possible role for the wild boar as a natural reservoir of Mycobacterium bovis in Sierra de Villuercas, Western Spain; an area free of farmed cattle and wild deer populations. Spoligo and VNTR typing were used over a three year period to study the epidemiological relationship between the occurrence of bovine tuberculosis (TB) in extensively bred Iberian pigs and indigenous wild boar. The 37 sampled wild boar showed different degree of calcified granulomatous lesions in retropharyngeal, mediastinal and pulmonary lymph nodes. The 25 sampled Iberian pigs showed calcified lesions, mainly in the respiratory tract. Lesions located in the mesenteric lymph nodes appeared secondarily. M. bovis was isolated from all affected animals. Twenty-five and 37 isolates of M. bovis were obtained from domestic pigs and wild boar, respectively. Our findings provide evidence that supports the possibility of cross infection between wild boar and domestic pig populations. This is contrary to the generally held belief that swine represent an epidemiological dead end host and play no role in the epidemiology of M. bovis. 相似文献