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海南长臂猿栖息地森林群落组成结构与多样性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以霸王岭国家级自然保护区的海南长臂猿栖息地--斧头岭和可能的生存区域黑岭及雅加大岭森林群落为研究对象,同时对生存区域内的人工和天然次生植被进行了研究,从群落组成结构和物种多样性等方面探索扩大海南长臂猿栖息地的可行性.研究结果表明,黑岭和雅加大岭的森林群落组成结构与斧头岭具有较为相似的组成结构,三者之间的群落相似系数值在50%左右,都具有高的物种多样性指数Shannon-Weiner指数在4.84～6.36之间,但次生植被群落的物种多样性指数较低0～3.48之间.原生与次生植被的群落相似系数一般在10%左右,有较大的差异.扩大海南长臂猿栖息地,要根据原生植被的组成结构等参数,一方面对次生植被进行有效改造,另一方面要构筑生态廊道,有利于海南长臂猿种群的恢复. 相似文献
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文章介绍了无量山国家级自然保护区黑长臂猿的分布范围、数量、保护现状等概况,分析了无量山黑长臂猿保护中存在的主要问题栖息地的破坏与丧失、黑长臂猿种群片段化、科技管理人才缺乏等,并提出了保护对策和建议. 相似文献
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云南省景东县境内的无量山国家级自然保护区是地球上黑冠长臂猿分布的重要栖息地,号称＂中国黑冠长臂猿之乡＂。目前景东自然保护区管理局已在保护区内建立了野外黑冠长臂猿观测站,长期实现对黑冠长臂猿的监测研究。 相似文献
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在对云南哀牢山国家级自然保护区黑长臂猿的种群、数量、栖息地调查的基础上,通过细致分析,采用生态影响评价(EcIA)方法对黑长臂猿进行生态评估.评估结果认为黑长臂猿种群活力较强,种群稳定性高,不存在迅速灭绝的可能性,具有足够高的生境适合度,但保护区对黑长臂猿承载力不高,应进一步采取措施恢复和扩大其适生生境,以保证种群稳定发展. 相似文献
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【目的】比较相同海拔海南长臂猿现有天然林栖息地与松树林潜在栖息地的林分结构、植物物种组成及多样性，探究二者生境质量差异，科学评估松树人工林恢复状况，为海南长臂猿种群生态空间扩展奠定基础。【方法】以海南热带雨林国家公园霸王岭片区海拔400～800 m区域长臂猿现有天然林栖息地和松树林潜在栖息地为对象，参照CTFS规范在2种生境分别建立59个400 m2样方，调查并分析2种类型生境内林分结构、森林植物及长臂猿食源植物的多样性特征及其差异。【结果】共调查到天然林栖息地植物93科259属450种，其中食源植物43科70属86种，茜草科植物占优势；松树林潜在栖息地植物74科186属301种，其中食源植物29科46属60种，山茶科植物占优势。天然林栖息地森林的树木平均胸径6.30±5.90 cm、平均树高6.02±4.92 m、平均冠幅5.21±12.52 m2、平均冠层厚度2.10±1.65 m和植株密度6 136±1 930株·hm-2，这些林分结构因子均高于松树林潜在栖息地(平均胸径5.19±4.19 cm，平均树高5.04±... 相似文献
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文章介绍了无量山国家级自然保护区黑长臂猿的分布范围、数量、保护现状等概况,分析了无量山黑长臂猿保护中存在的主要问题:栖息地的破坏与丧失、黑长臂猿种群片段化、科技管理人才缺乏等,并提出了保护对策和建议。 相似文献
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霸王岭长臂猿栖息地植被恢复的初步研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过对霸王岭国家级自然保护区海南长臂猿栖息地植被现状、猿食植物种类及其存在的问题进行分析,提出以东干线公路“生态走廊”的建设和低地森林(主要包括次生林、灌草丛和松林)植被恢复改造等为主要方式来促进森林植被的恢复,并初步拟定167种用于“生态走廊”和12种用于低地森林植被恢复的乡土树种。预期森林植被恢复后可为长臂猿生活区域创造出一个良好的森林环境,以期实现长臂猿栖息环境及其周边区域生物多样性的保护,初步恢复和形成可以向顶级群落发展的热带雨林群落,为实现保护区总体目标奠定基础。 相似文献
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详细介绍了分布于云南的4种长臂猿的适生环境及生活习性。叙述了目前长臂猿栖息地丧失及分布岛屿化等现状，提出了栖息地保护及恢复的7条措施。 相似文献
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长臂猿是猿的一类,在我国,长臂猿是唯一现存的野生类人猿。在所有的10多个长臂猿种中,我国分布有4个种,黑长臂猿是类群和数量最多的一种。历史上长臂猿在我国分布很广,但目前仅分布于云南省和海南省。据研究,云南省黑长臂猿资源是全国甚至是全世养晏丰富的,尤其以滇西南无量山最为育名。近十几年来,国内外的灵长类学家和人类学家十分关注黑长臂猿的研究,拜为黑长臂猿是否是一夫分麦制争论不休。灵长类动物是我们人类的近亲,都有很明显的社会生活特征。科学家们把黑长臂猿社会类比成人类社会,作为模型进行研究,以了解人类社会的… 相似文献
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A. Lehtijärvi H. T. Doğmuş‐Lehtijärvi A. G. Aday Kaya S. Ünal S. Woodward 《Forest Pathology》2017,47(6)
Although several Armillaria species have been reported in Turkey, there is little information about their ecology in Turkish forests. In this study, we investigated five forest stands, approximately 5–74 ha in size, in Kastamonu province in the Black Sea Region of Turkey for the presence of Armillaria species in stumps and logs. The stands were mixed Abies nordmanniana ssp. bornmülleriana and Pinus sylvestris forests managed using a selective cuttings system; the proportion of fir in the total number of stems and stumps ranged from 36 to 98%. Based on sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer and intergenic spacer regions of the rDNA, all rhizomorphs sampled from the stumps and logs were of Armillaria ostoyae. The size of the genets was estimated with random amplified microsatellites analysis of the isolates and ranged from single stumps to approximately 450 m2. One to seven genets were found in each stand. These results indicate that the genets had arisen from spores and vegetative spread was limited on most sites. 相似文献
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通过对上海松江中央公园内65株特大银杏树白蚁为害情况的调查,发现该公园银杏受害率为100%,其中存在活白蚁的银杏占总量的56.9%,采用毒土处理、粉剂疗法、建立白蚁监测点等措施,经过两次灭杀,活白蚁的灭杀率达到92.3%和93.3%,从而使存在活白蚁银杏树的比例从56.9%下降到2.7%,白蚁发生情况明显降低。
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建平半干旱地区石质山地造林技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了不同植物在石质山地的造林成活率、土壤化学性质随造林年限的变化和造林措施对土壤化学性质和植物胸径、树高年净生长量的影响。结果表明：不同植物在石质山地的成活率在21%～85%之间,其中白榆和沙打旺的成活率分别为81%和85%,而小叶杨、刺槐、栾树的成活率均在70%左右;植被能明显提高石质山地不同土层的有机质、全N、P2O5含量,但提高程度随土层深度、养分种类和造林年限的不同而不同;在同一土层,生物复合肥料、菌剂和保水剂均显著提高土壤有机质含量（p〈0.01）并显著降低土壤P2O5含量（p〈0.01）;只有保水剂可引起土壤全K含量的明显升高;生物复合肥料、菌剂和保水剂均显著提高白榆、小叶杨、刺槐、栾树树高和胸径的年净生长量,但保水剂的提高程度最高。 相似文献
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植物经常暴露在各种生物和非生物的胁迫之下,这些胁迫会影响植物的生长发育和繁殖并最终导致植物死亡。为了抵御不利的环境条件,植物已经进化出复杂而精细的网络来感知胁迫并激活防御系统。为此,植物激活许多信号转导通路,这些信号转导通路可以改变一些胁迫响应基因的表达,从而引起植物形态、生理和生化的改变以适应逆境。DNA胞嘧啶甲基化是高等真核生物的主要表观遗传机制之一,在维持基因组稳定性和调节基因表达方面起着关键作用。表观遗传变异比遗传变异更为灵活。一旦环境条件发生变化,为了适应新的环境植物都会发生表观遗传的改变。许多研究表明DNA甲基化参与植物的发育和应激反应。基于相关研究对DNA甲基化进行了综述,对植物逆境胁迫有重要意义。 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(6):530-542
Abstract The success of natural regeneration on patch clear-cuts in Norway spruce stands in Southern Finland was examined in terms of stocking and tree height. The experiment was established in mature spruce stands in the submesic Myrtillus (MT) site type. In each of the eight study sites, three plots were treated with clear-cutting and planting, clear-cutting with partial tree retention and planting, and patch clear-cutting without site preparation, respectively. In three of the study sites, one plot with patch clear-cutting and site preparation was established. Each plot was 1 ha, out of which three patches of 40×40 m were clear-cut in the patch treatments. 10–11 years after cutting, the patches had on average 1316 crop trees ha–1, of which 91% were spruces. Some 27% of the stands were up to the target stocking level (≥1600 ha?1), and 36% were at least satisfactory (≥1300 ha?1). Site preparation did not yield greater stocking levels on patches, but that result is ambiguous due to a difference in initial stocking. The average spruce tree height in the patches (0.76 m) was much smaller than in the case of clear-cutting and planting (2.42 m). In conclusion, the patches had been restocked tolerably well with spruce and birch for practical purposes during the 10- to 11-year period, but the regeneration process had been very slow compared to clear-cutting and planting. 相似文献
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The study focused on the success of regeneration on patch cuts in spruce-dominated stands in terms of stocking and tree height. It was based on an experiment in the Kainuu region in northern Finland. The experimental design included 8 stands with 58 clearcut patches of variable size (0.09–0.37?ha), on which either natural regeneration without site preparation or site preparation and planting of Scots pine was applied. A regeneration survey was conducted 13–15 growing seasons after treatments. Patches without site preparation had been restocked quite well from natural seed sources. The average number of trees was about 11,000?ha?1, of which 1700?ha?1 crop trees. With site preparation and planting, the stocking levels were also very high, 25,000 and 2100?ha?1, respectively. One hundred percent of the planted patches and 75% of the naturally regenerated patches had an acceptable density. Restocking was equally good across the range of patch sizes. Tree growth had been somewhat slower in the smallest patches than in the largest ones in the range. Natural regeneration was capable of yielding good regeneration results in most patches, especially when site preparation was applied. Stocking levels and height development were higher yet in the planted patches. 相似文献
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Keisuke Kojiro Yuzo Furuta Makoto Ohkoshi Yutaka Ishimaru Misao Yokoyama Junji Sugiyama Shuichi Kawai Takumi Mitsutani Hiromasa Ozaki Minoru Sakamoto Mineo Imamura 《Journal of Wood Science》2008,54(6):515-519
To investigate the changes in microstructures of wood with elapsed time in the environment, CO2 adsorption onto dry wood was measured at ice-water temperature (273 K) for samples aged from 0.1 years to over 1000 years.
The micropore size distribution was obtained using the Horvath-Kawazoe method. Micropores smaller than 0.6 nm in wood decreased
in number with elapsed time in the environment, and a negative correlation was found between cumulative pore volume for pores
smaller than 0.6 nm and elapsed time in the environment. Cumulative pore volume in the 1000-year sample was almost half of
that in the 0.1- year sample. Micropores smaller than 0.6 nm in wood with a few decades or more of elapsed time increased
in number after rewetting and drying. Consequently, microstructures of wood with longer time elapsed in the environment were
considered to be more stable, because of longer-term thermal motion and possibly more repeated moisture adsorption and desorption
and/or temperature variation in the environment. 相似文献
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