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2.
随机抽取安徽省3个肉种鸡场种鸡及3个地市农贸市场商品鸡的血清样本和泄殖腔拭子,采用ELISA进行鸡白血病检测,并对J亚群鸡白血病病毒抗体阳性鸡群中病鸡的肝组织、全血及上毒细胞提取DNA进行PCR扩增和基因测序。检测结果表明,3个肉种鸡场中J亚群鸡白血病抗体阳性检出率分别为：0、73.50%和15.22%;3个农贸市场商品鸡抗体阳性检出率分别为：12.00%、2.22%和9.10%。3个肉种鸡场A、B亚群鸡白血病的抗体阳性率分别为0、17.93%和1.08%,ALV抗原阳性率分别为2.17%、17.93%和15.22%。PCR检测结果表明,从可疑发病鸡的肝组织和全血中均能扩增出ALV-J gp85特异性片段。结果证实安徽省鸡群中有ALV-J感染,并呈不同程度的流行,应引起高度重视。  相似文献   

3.
对江苏商品蛋鸡6个鸡场临床表现严重血管瘤鸡群的送检样品进行了病理学分析,结果发现,送检的6只商品蛋鸡均可见体表血管瘤,内脏主要在肝、脾、肌胃和肠系膜表面的大小不等的血管瘤,引起严重的肝破裂、脾脏失血和肌胃失血,6个病例中有4个病例出现血管瘤和髓样细胞瘤并存。追踪检测父母代蛋鸡表明,父母代蛋鸡场的各个日龄鸡群均存在不同程度的丁亚群禽白血病病毒（Avian Leukosis Vivus SubgroupJ,ALV-J感染;而送检商品病鸡均呈现病毒血症而抗体阴性,提示垂直传播的可能;ALV-J特异性RT-PCR结果显示,6个样品均存在ALV-J感染;对扩增克隆的部分序列分析可见,此六株病毒之间同源性为97．9％～99．6％,而与原型毒HPRS103之间的同源性则较低（94．6％～95．2％）,与同为蛋鸡分离毒株AY360088和SD07LK1同源性为94．2％～95．0％。  相似文献   

4.
Several subgroup J-like avian leukosis viruses (ALV-Js) were isolated from broiler breeder (BB) and commercial broiler flocks experiencing myeloid leukosis (ML) at 4 wk of age or older. In all cases, diagnosis of ML was based on the presence of typical gross and microscopic lesions in affected tissues. The isolates were classified as ALV-J by 1) their ability to propagate in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) that are resistant to avian leukosis virus (ALV) subgroups A and E (C/AE) and 2) positive reaction in a polymerase chain reaction with primers specific for ALV-J. The prototype strain of these isolates, an isolate termed ADOL-Hc1, was obtained from an adult BB flock that had a history of ML. The ADOL-Hc1 was isolated and propagated on C/AE CEF and was distinct antigenically from ALV of subgroups A, B, C, D, and E, as determined by virus neutralization tests. Antibody to ADOL-Hc1 neutralized strain HPRS-103, the prototype of ALV-J isolated from meat-type chickens in the United Kingdom, but antibody to HPRS-103 did not neutralize strain ADOL-Hc1. On the basis of both viremia and antibody, prevalence of ALV-J infection in affected flocks was as high as 87%. Viremia in day-old chicks of three different hatches from a BB flock naturally infected with ALV-J varied from 4% to 25%; in two of the three hatches, 100% of chicks that tested negative for virus at hatch had evidence of viremia by 8 wk of age. The data document the isolation of ALV-J from meat-type chickens experiencing ML as young as 4 wk of age. The data also suggest that strain ADOL-Hc1 is antigenically related, but not identical, to strain HPRS-103 and that contact transmission of ALV-J is efficient and can lead to tolerant infection.  相似文献   

5.
为掌握禽偏肺病毒(aMPV)在安徽省鸡群中的感染状况,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对安徽省合肥、亳州、定远、舒城等地区的9个鸡场、7个不同品种(系)鸡群的296份血液样本进行了aMPV血清抗体检测。结果表明,所有被检鸡场均有aMPV感染,鸡场阳性率最高达100%,最低为20%;各品种(系)鸡均有感染,感染率最高的是青脚麻肉鸡,其次分别为科宝肉鸡、海兰蛋鸡、禽粤黄蛋鸡、淮南麻黄鸡、黄羽土鸡和新广麻肉鸡;其中蛋用型鸡血清样本总体阳性率为88.7%,明显高于肉用和兼用型鸡;公鸡和母鸡血清抗体阳性率均较高。研究结果表明,安徽省鸡群aMPV的感染已广泛存在,且不同地区、品种(系)、用途和性别的鸡群均较严重,应根据感染状况尽早制定相应的防控对策。  相似文献   

6.
为了解禽白血病(avian leukemia, AL)在中国进口品种鸡群中的感染状况,2008年12月至2010年6月,在4个省市各选择1个进口品种鸡场进行禽白血病流行病学调查。此次调查共涉及4个场、5个品种、不同代次、不同生长阶段的115个鸡群共计7000余份样品,分别采集泄殖腔拭子进行p27抗原的检测和血清中的J抗体、A/B抗体的检测。结果表明,中国进口品种鸡群中存在不同程度的ALV-J亚群、ALV-A/B亚群感染,J抗体阳性率普遍高于A/B抗体阳性率,且肉鸡品种的J抗体阳性率高于蛋鸡品种;此外,本次调查结果还显示,产蛋初期的鸡群p27抗原阳性率和J抗体阳性率较高。  相似文献   

7.
In Experiment 1, chickens from various white leghorn experimental lines were inoculated with strain ADOL-Hcl of subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J) either as embryos or at 1 day of age. At various ages, chickens were tested for ALV-J induced viremia, antibody, and packed cell volume (PCV). Also, at 4 and 10 wk of age, bursal tissues were examined for avian leukosis virus (ALV)-induced preneoplastic lesions with the methyl green-pyronine (MGP) stain. In Experiment 2, chickens harboring or lacking endogenous virus 21 (EV21) were inoculated with strain ADOL-Hcl of ALV-J at hatch. All embryo-inoculated chickens in Experiment 1 tested positive for ALV-J and lacked antibody throughout the experimental period of 30 wk and were considered viremic tolerant, regardless of line of chickens. By 10 wk of age, the incidence of ALV-J viremia in chickens inoculated with virus at hatch varied from 0 (line 0 chickens) to 97% (line 1515); no influence of ALV-J infection was noted on PCV. Results from microscopic examination of MGP-stained bursal tissues indicate that ALV-J can induce typical ALV-induced transformation in bursal follicles of white leghorn chickens. Lymphoid leukosis and hemangiomas were the most common ALV-J-induced tumors noted in chickens in Experiment 1. At termination of Experiment 2 (31 wk of age), 54% of chickens harboring EV21 were viremic tolerant compared with 5% of chickens lacking EV21 after inoculation with ALV-J at hatch. The data indicate that genetic differences among lines of white leghorn chickens, including the presence or absence of EV21, can influence response of chickens to infection with ALV-J.  相似文献   

8.
J亚群禽白血病对商品蛋鸡生产性能影响的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
试验对一个大型蛋用鸡场的不同种源商品代蛋鸡群的J亚群禽白血病毒(ALV-J)感染状态与鸡群总死淘率、肿瘤发生率、生产性能的相关性进行了研究。结果表明,从ALV-J感染的父母代鸡场引进的商品代蛋鸡,从性成熟开始不仅整个鸡群的ALV-J抗体阳性率较高,而且总死淘率显著高于生产标准,主要是由肿瘤/血管瘤引起。这些鸡群的产蛋性能也显著低于生产标准。从2009年下半年起,选择无ALV-J感染的父母代种鸡场作为种源,引进19批约190万只雏鸡,分别在1~21周龄抽检血清ALV-J抗体,均为阴性,且不再有肿瘤/血管瘤发生。两年多来,这些无ALV-J感染蛋鸡群的总死淘率不仅比ALV-J感染鸡群降低8.34%,也显著低于生产手册的规定,产蛋率及产蛋高峰持续期均显著高于生产标准。临床和试验观测表明,种鸡感染ALV-J能显著影响商品代蛋鸡的生产性能,选择无ALV-J感染的种源是规模化养鸡场生物安全的最重要措施之一。  相似文献   

9.
J-亚群禽白血病病毒中国广东野毒株的分离与鉴定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
通过接种鸡胚成纤维细胞、间接荧光抗体试验(IFA)和聚合酶链式反应(PCR)从疑似J-亚群白血病的病鸡中,分离鉴定出J-亚群白血病病毒。抗J-亚群白血病病毒gp85单克隆抗体JE9的IFA试验和PCR试验均证明病鸡被J-亚群白血病病毒感染。  相似文献   

10.
Lai H  Zhang H  Ning Z  Chen R  Zhang W  Qing A  Xin C  Yu K  Cao W  Liao M 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,151(3-4):275-283
Subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J), first isolated in 1989, predominantly causes myeloid leukosis (ML) in meat-type or egg-type chicken. Since 2006, the clinical cases of hemangioma rather than ML in commercial layer flocks associated with ALV-J have been reported, but it was still not clear whether the novel oncogenic ALV-J had emerged. We characterized SCAU-HN06 isolate of ALV-J from hemangioma in commercial Roman layers through animal experiment and full-length proviral genome sequence analysis. The SPF white leghorn egg-type chickens infected with SCAU-HN06 in ovo at day 11 of incubation showed an overall incidence of 56% hemangioma and 8% renal tumor throughout the 22-week trial, the mortality rate was 16%. Most genes of SCAU-HN06 isolate showed high nucleotide sequence identity to JS09GY6 which was isolated from Hy-Line Variety Brown layers suffering hemangioma. The 19-bp insertion in leader sequence and one key deletion in E element were the common features of SCAU-HN06 and JS09GY6. SCAU-HN06 and those ALV-Js associated with hemangioma, possibly recombinants of ALV-J and other avian retrovirus, may share the same ancestor.  相似文献   

11.
Hwang CS  Wang CH 《Avian diseases》2002,46(3):598-604
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12.
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13.
从安徽省的黄羽肉鸡和罗曼蛋鸡中各分离鉴定出1株J亚群禽白血病病毒,克隆获得了2条相应的gp85基因序列,并与参考毒株进行序列比对。结果表明,两分离毒株与J亚群参考毒株同源性为82.1%~99.4%,分离毒株之间同源性为85.4%。其中肉鸡分离毒株与J亚群原型毒株HPRS-103同源性为97.1%,与J亚群国内毒株SD09TA04、SDYC02J同源性均为99.4%;蛋鸡分离毒株与HPRS-103的同源性为89.0%,与SD09TA04和SDYC02J同源性仅为88.6%。两分离毒株的gp85氨基酸序列出现突变和缺失,在高变区hr1、hr2变异明显。进化分析进一步表明,2个分离毒株亲缘关系较远,可能来源于不同的原始病毒株。  相似文献   

14.
为了解禽白血病病毒J-亚群(ALV-J)感染对安徽省优良地方品种鸡—五华鸡生产性能和免疫性能的影响,在对五华鸡开展ALV-J血清学感染检测调研的基础上,对进入产蛋高峰期的五华鸡ALV-J血清阳性鸡群和阴性鸡群开展了为期18周的试验对比观察研究。结果表明,ALV-J血清阳性(感染或曾经感染)对五华鸡没有造成明显的发病和死亡增高现象;对鸡群新城疫(ND)、禽流感H5和H9疫苗的免疫效果没有呈现明显抑制;但对鸡群的产蛋率和平均蛋重会造成一定程度的下降(对照组平均产蛋率和蛋重分别为56%和0.055 kg,而试验组为53.37%和0.051 kg),料蛋比有一定程度的上升(对照组的料蛋比为3.49∶1,试验组为3.92∶1)。目前ALV-J感染虽然不会造成五华鸡明显的发病、死亡及免疫抑制,但可造成明显的生产性能下降和饲养成本的提高,必须引起高度重视,应及早开展原种鸡的ALV-J净化工作。  相似文献   

15.
A large S. infantis infection epidemic in broiler chickens was studied during a period of one year. The outbreak affected three broiler producing companies in Finland. The infection spread to breeding farms according to available data during the summer of 1975. The epidemic still prevailed at the end of the studies on the farms of certain companies.The origin of the infection and the means of its spreading could not be ascertained. Some epidemiological evidence suggesting that a hatchery might have spread the infection was found. Contaminated feed may also have been involved, although the findings do not support feed as the principal vehicle in the epidemic. A complex pattern of transmission is most probable.A microbiological preventive method based on the feeding of a culture of intestinal flora of adult chickens to newly hatched broiler chickens was used on many farms in the study. The feeding of the culture lowered the proportion of infected flocks on the farms and significantly lowered the number of infected birds in those flocks, where the prevention was not complete. kw|Keywords|k]Salmonella infantis; k]infection; k]epidemic; k]broiler chicken  相似文献   

16.
Infection of broiler chickens with subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV) results in the induction of myeloid tumors. However, although egg-type chickens are susceptible to infection with ALV-J, the tumor incidence is very low, and on rare occasions the tumors observed are of the myeloid lineage. We recently described the isolation of an ALV (AF115-4) from commercial egg-type chickens suffering from myeloid leukosis. AF115-4 was initially identified as an ALV-J isolate based on PCR analysis of the long terminal repeat (LTR). However, further characterization of the viral envelope indicated that the virus is recombinant with subgroups B envelope and J LTR. Here we further characterize this recombinant virus at both the molecular and biological levels. We show that the AF115-4 isolate expresses a recombinant envelope glycoprotein encoded by a subgroup B gp85 region and a subgroup E gp37 region. The host range ofAF115-4 was analyzed using cells resistant to infection by subgroups A/B, J, or E; this shows that no ALV-J was present in the isolates obtained from the affected chickens. Additional antigenic characterization of AF115-4 using chicken sera specific for subgroups B or J indicated that no ALV-J was present in the samples examined. Inoculation of AF 115-4 into ALV-susceptible 1515 X 71 chickens resulted in the induction of lymphoid leukosis but not the expected myeloid leukosis affecting the commercial chickens. These results suggest that differences in the genetic makeup of the chickens from which AF115-4 was isolated and the line 1515 X 71 used in the present experiments may be responsible for the observed differences in pathogenicity. In addition, the results suggest that ALV-J continues to evolve by recombination, generating new viruses with different pathological properties.  相似文献   

17.
The effects of avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) infection on meat-type chickens reared in a simulated commercial setting were evaluated. Each of three ALV-J isolates was evaluated with both simulated horizontal transmission (SHT) and simulated vertical transmission (SVT). Mortality, morbidity, disease condemnations, and feed conversions were increased and body weights at processing were decreased in ALV-J infected birds as compared to sham inoculated hatch mates. The adverse effects of ALV-J infection were more severe in birds exposed by SVT than in birds exposed by SHT. At 8 weeks of age response to vaccination for infectious bronchitis virus and Newcastle disease virus or prior exposure to a pathogenic reovirus was assessed in the ALV-J and sham inoculated broiler chickens by challenge studies. Although not statistically significant, an overall trend of decreased protection to challenge after vaccination, or prior exposure, was observed in the ALV-J inoculates as compared to sham inoculated hatch mates. Differences in vaccine response were most evident in groups inoculated with ALV-J by the SVT route.  相似文献   

18.
Feather pulp from experimentally infected chickens was used as a source of DNA for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) proviral DNA. A primer set that produces a large amplicon (approximately 2,125) was used to detect ALV-J proviral DNA. This primer set was used in lieu of previously published primers because it allows for sequencing of the entire envelope gene and because it was able to detect diagnostically a number of North American ALV-J isolates that could not be detected with previously published primers and PCR conditions. ALV-J proviral DNA was detected in feather pulp at 7 days of age in more than 90% of birds infected as embryos and 7 days postinoculation in over 50% of chickens infected at 3 days of age. The results obtained with PCR on feather pulp were compared with those of virus isolation. In the embryo-inoculated birds, the percentages of agreement between PCR and virus isolation were 92.5% at 7 days of age and 100% at 28, 42, 49, and 56 days of age. However, the overall sensitivity of virus isolation in embryo-infected birds was higher, particularly at 7 and 56 days of age. In chickens inoculated at 3 days of age, the percentages of agreement of detection between PCR and virus isolation ranged from 75% at 10 days of age to 100% at 42 days of age. Agreement of negative results of ALV-J detection by PCR and virus isolation in chickens infected posthatch ranged between 66.6% and 100% between the ages of 10 and 42 days. Virus isolation requires chicken embryo fibroblasts of specific genetic lines, and the process takes onaverage 7-9 days. Aseptic collection of blood and tissues for virus isolation and molecular detection of ALV-J requires sterile necropsy instruments as well as syringes and needles for each individual chicken, whereas sterile microcentrifuge tubes and gloves are the only equipment necessary for aseptic feather pulp collection for ALV-J detection by PCR. PCR-based detection of ALV-J in feather pulp is especially suitable when ALV-J infection must be diagnosed rapidly and unequivocally without killing the chicken(s) and in situations where crucial reagents or suitable virus propagation substrates are not readily available for isolation and propagation of ALV-J in cell culture.  相似文献   

19.
Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) has become pandemic and induced serious clinical outbreaks in chickens in China. In particular, ALV-J induced various clinical tumors in infected chickens, which caused enormous economic losses to poultry. In this study, an infectious clone from an epidemic ALV-J Chinese isolate designated HLJ09SH01 was constructed and rescued. The rescued virus (named rHLJ09SH01) was inoculated into specific-pathogen-free (SPF) layer chickens, and infected chickens were observed for 238 days to explore the oncogenicity of rHLJ09SH01. As a result, 57.9% of rHLJ09SH01-infected chickens produced tumors. Accumulating evidence shows that microRNAs (miRNAs) have a close relationship with tumorigenesis. To gain more insight into the tumorigenesis of ALV-J, a miRNA microarray was performed as part of an investigation of changes in host miRNA expression in a liver tumor from ALV-J infected chickens. The results showed that four miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed; these data were verified using real-time PCR. Bioinformatics analysis showed the differentially expressed miRNAs to be involved in some tumorigenesis-related signaling pathways, such as the MAPK signaling pathway and the Wnt signaling pathway, which may represent a possible signaling pathway that was involved in the ALV-J-induced tumorigenesis.  相似文献   

20.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent of avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) infection in Australian broiler breeder flocks, using virus isolation and molecular biological detection. Any resultant ALV-J viral isolates to be characterised by neutralisation cross testing in order to determine antigenic relationships to overseas isolates of ALV-J. STUDY DESIGN: Samples of blood, feather pulp, albumen and tumours were obtained from broiler breeder flocks which represented four genetic strains of meat chickens being grown in Victoria, South Australia, NSW and Queensland. Dead and ailing birds were necropsied on farm and samples were collected for microscopic and virological examinations. Virus isolation was carried out in C/O and DF-1 CEF cultures and ALV group specific antigen was detected in culture lysates using AC-ELISA. Micro-neutralisation assay was used for antigenic characterisation of selected isolates. Genomic DNA was isolated from cultured cells, tumours and feather pulp. ALV-J envelope sequences were amplified by PCR using specific ALV-J primers while antibodies against ALV-J were detected by ELISA. RESULTS: A total of 62 ALV-J isolates were recovered and confirmed by PCR from 15 (31.3%) of 48 breeder flocks tested. Antibody to ALV-J was detected in 20 (47.6%) of the 42 flocks tested. Characteristic lesions of myeloid leukosis caused by ALV-J were found in affected flocks. The gross pathological lesions were characterised by skeletal myelocytomas located on the inner sternum and ribs, neoplastic enlargement of the liver, and in some cases gross tumour involvement of the spleen, kidney, trachea, skeletal muscles, bone marrow, skin and gonads. Microscopically, the tumours consisted of immature granulated myelocytes, and were present as focal or diffuse infiltrations in the affected organs. Virus micro-neutralisation assays demonstrated antigenic variation among Australian isolates and to overseas strains of ALV-J. CONCLUSION: ALV-J infection was prevalent in Australian broiler breeder flocks during 2001 to 2003. Australian isolates of ALV-J show a degree of antigenic variation when compared to overseas isolates.  相似文献   

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