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1.
Litchi chinensis Sonn is widely cultivated in subtropical regions and has an important economic value. A high-density genetic map is a valuable tool for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) and marker-assisted breeding programs. In this study, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based high-density linkage map was constructed by a genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) protocol using an F1 population of 178 progenies between two commercial litchi cultivars, ‘Ziniangxi’ (dwarf) and ‘Feizixiao’ (vigorous). The genetic map consisted of 3027 SNP markers with a total length of 1711.97 cM in 15 linkage groups (LGs) and an average marker distance of 0.57 cM. Based on this high-density linkage map and three years of phenotyping, a total of 37 QTLs were detected for eight dwarf-related traits, including length of new branch (LNB), diameter of new branch (DNB), length of common petiole (LCP), diameter of common petiole (DCP), length of internode (LI), length of single leaf (LSL), width of single leaf (WSL), and plant height (PH). These QTLs could explain 8.0 to 14.7% (mean=9.7%) of the phenotypic variation. Among them, several QTL clusters were observed, particularly on LG04 and LG11, which might show enrichment for genes regulating the dwarf-related traits in litchi. There were 126 candidate genes identified within the QTL regions, 55 of which are differentially expressed genes by RNA-seq analysis between ‘Ziniangxi’ and ‘Feizixiao’. These DEGs were found to participate in the regulation of cell development, material transportation, signal transduction, and plant morphogenesis, so they might play important roles in regulating plant dwarf-related traits. The high-density genetic map and QTLs identification related to dwarf traits can provide a valuable genetic resource and a basis for marker-assisted selection and genomic studies of litchi.  相似文献   

2.
对火炬松×加勒比松杂种部分形质性状的QTL进行定位分析,为杂种育种和株型培育提供借鉴。以火炬松1.5代种子园优良单株T1为母本,加勒比松第一代种子园优良单株C1为父本,杂交产生F1代113个单株。使用JoinMap? 3.0作图软件构建火炬松母本和加勒比松父本的SSR 标记遗传图谱,并用MapQTL4.0?作图软件对形质性状的QTL进行定位。火炬松母本图谱总长度293.9 cM,标记间距范围为3.7~ 47.9 cM,标记平均间距15.5 cM。加勒比松父本图谱总长度245.5 cM,标记间距范围为6.8~ 49.8 cM,标记平均间距13.6 cM。检测到4个与形质性状有关的QTL位点,其中有2个QTL定位于火炬松染色体LG4上。4个形质性状的QTLs解释方差为8.6%～13.6%,可以利用这些QTLs进行特定株型的培育,如分枝角度的控制培育。  相似文献   

3.
【目的】利用分子标记技术,构建甘薯遗传连锁图谱,并分析甘薯淀粉含量性状的QTL位点,为高淀粉含量甘薯种质资源利用及甘薯分子标记辅助育种提供理论和实践依据。【方法】以高淀粉含量品种万薯5号为母本、低淀粉含量品种商丘52-7为父本建立杂交群体,利用EST-SSR标记,采用"双假测交"策略和运用Join Map4.0软件,分别构建双亲遗传连锁图谱,并结合F1(2012、2013年)群体表型数据采用区间作图法对淀粉含量性状进行QTL检测。【结果】利用1 679对EST-SSR引物筛选出的1 045对多态性引物检测F1群体的标记基因型,获得了1 418个标记位点。分别对上述获得的父母本多态性标记进行遗传连锁分析,在LOD≥5.0情况下,分别构建父母本的连锁遗传图谱。采用642个标记的多态性位点构建母本连锁群74个,其中,215个标记位点位于连锁图谱上,占标记多态性位点总数的33.5%。每个连锁群上有2—11个标记位点,连锁群长度在0.6—129.4 cM,图谱总长为3 826.07 c M,标记间平均距离为17.80 c M。属于父本的776个标记位点构建了80个连锁群,共有252个标记位点构建在连锁图谱上,占标记总数的32.5%,每个连锁群上有2—24个标记位点,连锁群长度在2.0—156.8 c M,图谱总长为3 955.0 cM,标记间平均距离为15.7 c M。以F1杂交群体构建的遗传连锁图谱,结合2012年、2013年2个环境,利用QTL作图软件MapQTL5.0,采用区间作图法进行分析,共检测到17个与淀粉含量性状相关的QTL,贡献率在8.4%—40.5%。其中qWsc-1、qWsc-2、qWsc-3 3个QTL位于母本万薯5号连锁群上,且在2年环境中均可检测到;14个QTL位于父本商丘52-7连锁群上,qSsc-1、qSsc-2、qSsc-3、qSsc-4、qSsc-8、qSsc-10、qSsc-11、qSsc-12是在2个环境均检测到的QTL。qSsc-5、qSsc-6、qSsc-7、qSsc-9、qSsc-13、qSsc-14是只在1个环境检测到的QTL。标记GDAAS0603在双亲中和2个环境中均同时检测到,这些环境稳定QTL可用于分子标记辅助选择。【结论】分别构建了亲本EST-SSR分子标记连锁群图谱,丰富了构建甘薯图谱的标记类型,定位了17个与淀粉含量相关的QTL位点。  相似文献   

4.
Molecular genetic maps of crop species can be used in a variety of ways in breeding and genomic research such as identification and mapping of genes and quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for morphological, physiological and economic traits of crop species. However, a comprehensive genetic linkage map for cultivated peanut has not yet been developed due to the extremely low frequency of DNA polymorphism in cultivated peanut. In this study, 142 recombinant inbred lines （RILs） derived from a cross between Yueyou 13 and Zhenzhuhei were used as mapping population in peanut （Arachis hypogaea L.）. A total 652 pairs of genomic-SSR primer and 392 pairs of EST-SSR primer were used to detect the polymorphisms between the two parents. 141 SSR primer pairs, 127 genomic-SSR and 14 EST-SSR ones, which can be used to detect polymorphisms between the two parents, were selected to analyze the RILs population. Thus, a linkage genetic map which consists of 131 SSR loci in 20 linkage groups, with a coverage of 679 cM and an average of 6.12 cM of inter-maker distance was constructed. The putative functions of 12 EST-SSR markers located on the map were analyzed. Eleven showed homology to gene sequences deposited in GenBank. This is the first report of construction of a comprehensive genetic map with SSR markers in peanut （Arachis hypogaea L.）. The map presented here will provide a genetic framework for mapping the qualitative and quantitative trait in peanut.  相似文献   

5.
A genetic linkage map of Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis was constructed with 186 AFLP （amplified fragment length polymorphism） markers by using a doubled-haploid （DH） population with 183 individuals. The individuals were derived from F1 which was developed by crossing a bolting resistant DH line Y-177-12 and an easy bolting DH line Y195-93a. AFLPs were generated by the use of restriction enzymes EcoR Ⅰ and Mse Ⅰ . The segregation of each marker and linkage was analyzed by using JoinMap version 3.0. Mapped markers were aligned in ten linkage groups which covered 887.8 cM with an average marker interval of 4.47 cM. Markers showing skewed segregation ratio were clustered in six LGs. Quantitative trait loci （QTL） were mapped for bolting resistance by using MAPQTL 4.0 package. Four QTLs explaining from 7.0 to 9.4% of the total variation were detected, all of them increase bolting resistance. These mapped QTLs could be used to develop a marker assisted selection programme for bolting resistance breeding.  相似文献   

6.
为挖掘新的抗南方锈病基因资源,本研究以甜玉米组合M5×M114的216个F2单株为遗传作图群体,应用BSA方法从500对SSR引物中筛选出2对在F2代抗病和感病DNA池间具有多态性的引物,分别位于4和9号染色体上;在4和9号染色体上重新设计100对SSR引物,构建了包含33个标记位点总长为241.2cM的连锁遗传图,各个标记间的平均距离为7.53cM。结合F2单株对南方锈病的抗性表现,用复合区间作图法在4和9号染色体上共检测到7个显著的南方锈病抗性QTLs,其中:4个QTLs位于4号染色体上,可解释12.1%、7.8%、18.2%和14.9%表型变异;3个位于9号染色体上,分别解释17.0%、13.3%与19.2%的表型变异。研究结果可为抗南方锈病的精细定位、主效基因克隆和抗南方锈病鲜食甜玉米品种选育提供理论依据。  相似文献   

7.
《农业科学学报》2012,11(12):1976-1984
Soyasaponins are valuable compounds in certain drugs, industry, food additives and surfactants. Selecting cultivars with higher-soyasaponin content along with agronomic traits is a main goal for many soybean breeders. The aim of the present study was to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with total soyasaponin content through a F2 population, which was derived from a cross between Ha 91016 (higher soyasaponin content cultivar, 16.8 mg g−1) and N98-9445A (lower soyasaponin content, only 5.7 mg g−1). A genetic linkage map including a total of 162 simple sequence repeat markers was constructed, which covered the total length 2 735.5 cM, and the average distance between markers was 16.96 cM. Two QTLs associated with total soyasaponin content were identified. One, qSAP_1 (located in sat_044-satt102 of linkage group (LG) K), could explain 12.6% of phenotypic variance. The other, qSAP_2, was located between satt368 and sat_413 of LG D1a, which could explain 15.8% of phenotypic variance. It was concluded that the two QTLs would have some potential value for marker-assisted selection for high-soyasaponin content breeding in soybeans.  相似文献   

8.
A maize F2 population was first used to construct a genetic linkage map of Chromosome 6 covering 117.6 cM with an average interval of 3.68 cM between adjacent markers. Based on composite interval mapping (CIM), the quantitative trait loci (QTL) for phosphorus absorption efficiency (PAE) and root-related traits was detected in four environments, i.e., Kaixian County under deficient phosphorus (KXDP), Kaixian County under normal phosphorus (KXNP), SUDP1, and SUDP2. QTLs affecting root weight (RW) were detected simultaneously at the dupssr15 locus region (bin 6.06) on Chromosome 6 in the four environments, while QTL affecting taproot length and fiber number was only detected in one or two environments. The result suggested that taproot length and fiber number were more easily affected by the environment than PAE and RW. The alleles originating from 082 increased PAE and RW on Chromosome 6. The QTL on bin 6.06 explained 4%–10% and 4%–8% of the total phenotypic variance of PAE and RW, respectively, and the estimates of the genetic effects presented dominance and overdominance. The QTL for RW in the dupssr15 locus is the minor QTLs environment interactive effects, which should be particularly useful in MAS manipulation of breeding maize.  相似文献   

9.
节瓜分子遗传图谱的构建与始雌花节位性状定位   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
【目的】构建节瓜分子遗传图谱,标记始雌花节位性状基因,为建立相关分子标记辅助育种体系、克隆雌性相关基因和转基因提供理论依据。【方法】以节瓜全雌系K36及弱雌系G4组配得到的115个F2单株为群体,利用AFLP、RAPD和SRAP标记技术构建节瓜的分子遗传连锁图谱,并定位始雌花节位性状基因。【结果】该图谱共包含13个连锁群,涉及93个AFLP标记、16个RAPD标记、35个SRAP标记。该图谱覆盖基因组1651.9cM,标记间平均距离为11.47cM。利用QTL Network2.0分析,检测到3个控制始雌花节位的QTL位点:fn1、fn2和fn3,其中fn1位于连锁群LG1上,fn2和fn3位于LG6上。这些QTL位点对雌花节位性状表型变异的贡献率分别为62.54%、0.2%、37.39%。【结论】本研究首次构建了节瓜的分子遗传图谱,并定位了3个控制始雌花节位性状的QTL位点,为进一步克隆雌性相关基因及分子标记辅助选择育种提供科学依据。  相似文献   

10.
基于四交群体的玉米叶夹角和叶向值QTL定位分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
选育耐密紧凑株型是增加玉米单位面积产量的重要途径之一,而叶夹角和叶向值是衡量株型的重要参数。本研究选用叶夹角和叶向值存在差异的玉米自交系郑58、PH6WC、87-1和自330构建1个四交(郑58/豫87-1//PH6WC/自330)组合,以228个四交F1单株为作图群体,构建了1张含225个SSR位点,全长1 387.2cM的玉米分子标记遗传连锁图谱,标记间平均间距为6.19cM。基于四交群体应用区间作图法检测4个环境下的QTL,共检测到13个叶夹角相关QTL,分别位于第1、2、3、4、5、7和10染色体上,单个QTL可解释5.1%~20.0%的表型变异;检测到15个叶向值相关QTL,分别位于第1、2、4、5、7、8和9染色体上,单个QTL可解释5.4%~20.1%的表型变异。其中qLA-E2-2和qLA-E4-2落在同一标记区间umc1692-umc2297(bin 5.03),分别解释16.6%和13.2%的表型变异;qLO-E1-1、qLO-E3-2和qLA-E4-1落在同一标记区间umc1568-bnlg1953(bin1.02),分别解释10.1%、19.9%和12.3%的表型变异;qLO-E2-1和qLO-E3-1落在同一标记区间phi056-phi427913(bin 1.01),分别解释13.8%和10.0%的表型变异。这些多个环境共同检测到的QTL将为玉米耐密理想株型育种中叶夹角叶向值的分子标记辅助选择提供有益信息,加速耐密株型玉米品种的选育。  相似文献   

11.
QTL Analysis of the Oil Content and the Hull Content in Brassica napus L.   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
The QTLs of the oil content and the hull content were analyzed in Brassica napus L. By constructing the linkage map. The F26 RIL population with 188 lines, derived from the cross of GH06 × P147, was used as the mapping population. The SRAP, SSR, AFLP, and TRAP markers were used to construct the linkage map, and the composite interval mapping (CIM) to identify the quantitative trait loci associated with the oil content and the hull content. 300 markers were integrated into 19 linkage groups, covering 1 248.5 cM in total. Seven QTLs were found to be responsible for the oil content with the single contribution to phenotypic variance ranging from 3.73 to 10.46%; four QTLs were found for the hull content with the single contribution to phenotypic variance ranging from 4.89 to 6.84%. The yellow-seeded Brassica napus L. Has the advantage of higher oil content and the hull content has a significant effect on the oil content. In addition, the SRAP marker is good for detecting QTL.  相似文献   

12.
Genetic linkage maps are important for quantitative trait locus (QTL) and marker-assisted selection breeding. The wolfberry (Lycium spp.) is an important food and traditional medicine in China. However, few construction genetic linkage maps have been reported because of the lack of genomic and genetic resources. In this study, a population of 89 F1 seedings was derived from a cross between two heterozygous parents, L. chinense var. potaninii ‘BF-01’ (female) and L. barbarum var. auranticarpum ‘NH-01’ (male), in order to construct a genetic linkage map using simple sequence repeat (SSR) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers based on the double pseudo-test cross mapping strategy. The resulting genetic map consisted of 165 markers (74 AFLPs and 91 SSRs) distributed across 12 linkage groups and spanned a total length of 557.6 cM with an average distance of 3.38 cM between adjacent markers. The 12 linkage groups contained 3 to 21 markers and ranged in length from 8.6 to 58.3 cM. Twenty-nine segregated markers distributed in the map were mainly located on LG4 and LG9 linkage groups at P<0.05. This is the first linkage map of Lycium species using SSR and AFLP markers, which can serve as basis for improving genes and selective breeding of the genome assembly.  相似文献   

13.
[目的]通过海7124和军棉1号构建的陆海杂交棉产量及重要农艺性状的QTL定位研究,筛选与产量及重要农艺性状紧密连锁的分子标记,提高棉花育种效率.[方法]选用陆地棉品种军棉1号和海岛棉品种海7124配制的一个包含148株F_2单株的群体,利用97对SSR标记构建了一个包含17个连锁群,长673.3 cM,标记间平均距离为17.3 cM的遗传图谱,覆盖整个棉花基因组12.2;.在此基础上对果枝始节、果枝台数、结铃数、单铃重、衣分和叶面积6个农艺性状进行了QTL定位研究.[结果]检测到3个稳定的QTL:1个与衣分相关的QTL,位于第4连锁群上;1个与果枝台数相关的QTL,位于第1连锁群上;1个与叶面积相关的QTL,位于第6连锁群上.[结论]这些QTL的效应值较大,对今后的棉花育种的分子辅助选择具有较大的意义.  相似文献   

14.
王怡悦  刘红  徐姚 《南方农业学报》2022,53(10):2701-2713
【目的】构建凡纳滨对虾高密度遗传连锁图谱,并对生长相关性状进行QTL定位,筛选出生长性状相关候选基因,为后续开展凡纳滨对虾分子标记辅助育种、生长相关功能基因精细定位研究等提供理论依据。【方法】以耐低盐选育凡纳滨对虾为父本,厄瓜多尔野生凡纳滨对虾为母本,单尾交配,以2个亲本及150个F1代个体为作图群体,通过2b-RAD测序挖掘SNP分子标记并构建遗传连锁图谱;结合生长性状表型数据,使用MapQTL 6.0在构建的遗传连锁图谱上对体质量、全长、体长、头胸甲长、头胸甲宽、头胸甲高等13个生长相关性状进行QTL定位。筛选QTL区间SNP分子标记附近的基因,经GO功能注释及KEGG信号通路富集分析,挖掘生长相关候选基因;并采用实时荧光定量PCR检测候选基因在凡纳滨对虾不同组织及不同群体间的表达情况。【结果】构建的凡纳滨对虾遗传连锁图谱包括3136个SNPs标记,分布在44个连锁群上;总图谱全长为5430.54 cM,平均图距为1.73 cM。生长性状QTL定位共产生79个生长性状相关QTLs,LOD范围为3.00~11.04,可解释的表型变异范围为9.0%~28.8%。根据GO功能注释及KEGG信号通路富集分析结果,最终筛选出4个生长相关候选基因（TOB2、CRAT、CCT6、KLF4）。4个候选基因在凡纳滨对虾各组织中均普遍表达,且CCT6、KLF4和TOB2基因在耐低盐选育家系群体中的相对表达量均高于常规的凡纳滨对虾群体,其中CCT6基因表达差异达显著水平（P<0.05）。【结论】基于2b-RAD技术构建的凡纳滨对虾遗传连锁图谱鉴定出79个与生长性状相关的QTLs,并筛选出4个与凡纳滨对虾生长性状相关的候选基因（CCT6、KLF4、TOB2和CRAT）。可见,以2b-RAD技术结合QTL定位能高效、快捷挖掘出凡纳滨对虾生长性状相关候选基因,为开展分子标记辅助育种、生长相关功能基因精细定位研究等提供技术支持。  相似文献   

15.
Molecular genetic maps of crop species can be used in a variety of ways in breeding and genomic research such as identification and mapping of genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for morphological, physiological and economic traits of crop species. However, a comprehensive genetic linkage map for cultivated peanut has not yet been developed due to the extremely low frequency of DNA polymorphism in cultivated peanut. In this study, 142 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between Yueyou 13 and Zhenzhuhei were used as mapping population in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). A total 652 pairs of genomic-SSR primer and 392 pairs of EST-SSR primer were used to detect the polymorphisms between the two parents. 141 SSR primer pairs, 127 genomic-SSR and 14 EST-SSR ones, which can be used to detect polymorphisms between the two parents, were selected to analyze the RILs population. Thus, a linkage genetic map which consists of 131 SSR loci in 20 linkage groups, with a coverage of 679 cM and an average of 6.12 cM of inter-maker distance was constructed. The putative functions of 12 EST-SSR markers located on the map were analyzed. Eleven showed homology to gene sequences deposited in GenBank. This is the first report of construction of a comprehensive genetic map with SSR markers in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The map presented here will provide a genetic framework for mapping the qualitative and quantitative trait in peanut.  相似文献   

16.
A molecular map of melon (Cucumis melo L.) was constructed with SRAP (Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism) markers using a population consisting of 114 F2 individuals derived from the cross of 4G21 (C. melo var. chinensis) and 3A832 (C. melo var. saccherinus). Twenty-nine primer pairs were used and 187 polymorphic loci were produced. The map consists of 12 linkage groups that include 152 genetic markers and cover 2077.1 cM with an average genetic distance of 13.67 cM. Every linkage group has 6–32 genetic markers with average genetic distance of 9.72–19.19 cM. The length of linkage group is 85.3–496.1 cM. __________ Translated from Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2007, 34(1): 135–140 [译自 : 园艺学报]  相似文献   

17.
The construction of high density genetic linkage map provides a powerful tool to detect and map quantitative trait loci(QTLs) controlling agronomically important traits. In this study, simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers and Illumina 9K i Select single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) genechip were employed to construct one genetic linkage map of common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) using 191 recombinant inbred lines(RILs) derived from cross Yu 8679×Jing 411. This map included 1 901 SNP loci and 178 SSR loci, covering 1 659.9 c M and 1 000 marker bins, with an average interval distance of 1.66 c M. A, B and D genomes covered 719.1, 703.5 and 237.3 c M, with an average interval distance of 1.66, 1.45 and 2.9 c M, respectively. Notably, the genetic linkage map covered 20 chromosomes, with the exception of chromosome 5D. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that 1 754(92.27%) of 1 901 mapped SNP loci could be aligned to 1 215 distinct wheat unigenes, among which 1 184(97.4%) were located on o ne single chromosome, and the rest 31(2.6%) were located on 2 to 3 chromosomes. By performing in silico comparison, 214 chromosome deletion bin-mapped expressed sequence tags(ESTs), 1 043 Brachypodium genes and 1 033 rice genes were further added onto the genetic linkage map. This map not only integrated genetic and physical maps, SSR and SNP loci, respectively, but also provided the information of Brachypodium and rice genes corresponding to 1 754 SNP loci. Therefore, it will be a useful tool for comparative genomics analysis, fine mapping of QTL/gene controlling agronomically important traits and marker-assisted selection breeding in wheat.  相似文献   

18.
High sugar content of sorghum stalk is an important factor in the sorghum silage production. To identify the genomic regions controlling sugar content and to develop molecular markers linked to sugar content in sweet sorghum, we used an F2：3 segregating population consisting of 207 individuals derived from a cross between a high sugar content inbred line, Early Folger, and a normal inbred line, N32B, for genetic linkage mapping and quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis. We constructed a genetic linkage map spanning 983.5 cM based on a total of 327 markers comprising 31 restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP） markers, 254 amplified fragment length polymorphism （AFLP） markers, and 42 simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers. In the 20 linkage groups detected, 98.2% of markers aligned to the 10 linkage groups of sorghum. Variations in sugar content at different growth stages and among internodes suggested that the sugar content of middle internodes is stable and suitable for measuring at early dough stage. The broad sense heritability （hB0 of sugar content was 0.64 and 0.62 estimated from the data of F3 families and each parent in 2003 and 2004. We identified one and two QTLs accounting for 22.2 to 25.0% of phenotypic variance using simple interval mapping method in 2003 and 2004, respectively. These two QTLs showed a negative additive effect, and over-dominance effect. A QTL on LG-D was detected in both two years. Above results will be help us to understand the genetic mechanism of sugar content in sorghum and the QTL detected in this study might be useful in the improvement of sugar content by marker-assisted selection.  相似文献   

19.
Seed vigour is one of the most important parameters for establishing rice seed that affects high yielding production, especially under stress condition in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Improvement of rice yields under abiotic stress through breeding requires a good understanding of genetic factors controlling important traits such as seedling vigour and related traits. To understand the genetic background of the relationships among these traits in indicia rice, we genetically analyzed F2:3 population derived from a cross between Tarommahalli × Khazar, under osmotic stress caused by sorbitol. In this investigation, a simple sequence repeat (SSR) linkage map of 1231.50 cM of rice was constructed by using 74 markers and quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was accomplished for eight traits including germination percent, seed germination rate, radicle length, plumule length, coleoptile length, radicle dry matter, plumule dry matter, and coleoptile dry matter. A total of 32 QTLs were identified for the eight traits. Among them, one QTL for percent of germination (qGP-8) was located in RM6208-8264 on chromosome 8 showed large effect (28.99%) on the trait. These results suggest the potential for increase productivity by transferring osmotic stress tolerance gene from Tarommahalli to other rice lines and identification of QTLs with large effects could be considered for use in marker assisted selection (MAS).  相似文献   

20.
【目的】栽培种花生是世界范围内重要的油料作物和经济作物,其株型相关性状是典型的数量性状,亦是重要的农艺性状,与产量和机械化收获密切相关。对花生株型相关性状进行遗传分析和QTL定位,筛选与之紧密连锁的分子标记,有助于花生的品种保护和品种鉴别,为花生株型分子育种提供重要的理论依据。【方法】以直立型花生品种冀花5号和匍匐型M130为亲本构建的包含321个家系的RIL群体为研究材料,于2016—2018年分别在海南市、邯郸市、保定市和唐山市等7个环境下种植,各个环境均在收获时调查统计花生侧枝夹角、主茎高、侧枝长、株型指数和扩展半径等5个株型相关性状的表型值。同时,利用SSR、AhTE、SRAP和TRAP等分子标记扫描亲本及群体的基因型用于构建分子遗传连锁图谱。最后结合多年多点的表型数据,采用QTL Icimapping V4.2中的完备区间作图法（inclusive composite interval mapping,ICIM）对7个环境下的株型相关性状进行加性QTL和上位性QTL分析。【结果】构建了一张包含363个多态性位点的分子遗传连锁图谱,所有标记被分配到20条染色体和1个未知连锁群;图谱总长度覆盖全基因组的1 360.38 cM,标记间平均距离为3.75 cM;单个连锁群长度为39.599—101.056 cM,包括4—50个分子标记。共检测到30个与株型相关性状的加性QTL,分布在A04、A05、A06、A08、A09、B02、B09等7条染色体上。其中,5个QTL与侧枝夹角相关,可解释的表型变异（phenotypic variance explained,PVE）为3.48%—11.22%;15个QTL与主茎高相关,PVE为3.58%—10.05%;2个QTL与侧枝长相关,PVE为6.03%—8.56%;4个QTL与株型指数相关,PVE为4.68%—15.08%;4个QTL与扩展半径相关,PVE为3.30%—9.33%。qLBAA05.1、qLBAA05.2、qMSHA04.2和qIOPTA05.1等4个主效QTL,可解释的表型变异分别为11.22%、10.59%、10.23%、10.05%和15.08%。此外,共检测到59对上位性QTL。其中,6对上位性QTL与侧枝长相关,PVE为2.23%—2.78%;50对上位性QTL与株型指数相关,PVE为0.25%—1.44%;3对上位性QTL与扩展半径相关,PVE为7.28%—12.25%。发现3个QTL聚集区,分别为A04染色体的GM1867—AHGS1967区间、A05染色体的me14em5-116—PM418区间和A08染色体的HBAUAh177—AhTE0658区间,涉及侧枝夹角、主茎高、株型指数和扩展半径等4个株型相关性状。【结论】构建了一张包含363个标记位点的分子遗传连锁图谱;获得30个与株型相关性状的加性QTL和59对上位性QTL;发现3个QTL聚集区。  相似文献   

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