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《广东畜牧兽医科技》2021,46(4)
蛋氨酸是畜禽必需的含硫氨基酸,可参与机体内众多代谢途径。本文就近年来国内、外蛋氨酸在畜禽营养上的研究与应用进行综述,介绍了蛋氨酸从体外摄入到体内分解的过程,不同蛋氨酸来源及其生物学效价对比,总结了蛋氨酸在生长性能、抗氧化功能、脂质代谢等方面的新研究,以及蛋氨酸与其他物质的互作关系,为蛋氨酸在家禽养殖上的实际应用提供参考。 相似文献
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蛋氨酸及其羟基类似物的吸收和代谢 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文概述了蛋氨酸及其类似物的吸收、转运机制和代谢途径等方面内容,并结合实际分析了二者生物学效价存在较大争议的各方面原因,指出要解决分歧的关键在于更加深入地了解二者吸收和代谢的机制。 相似文献
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蛋氨酸和蛋氨酸羟基类似物对猪的生物学效价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
蛋氨酸缺乏日粮中添加DL-蛋氨酸和液体蛋氨酸羟基类似物增加了仔猪和生长猪的氮沉积，明显改善了仔猪的生产性能，这表明试验结果是在蛋敏感区域内测得。液体蛋氨酸羟基类似物对猪的相对生物学效价只有DL-蛋氨酸的65%，远低于液体蛋氨酸羟基类似物88%的商业含量。这些结果再次验证在家禽的研究结果，即液体蛋氨酸羟基类似物相对DL-蛋氨酸的效价只有65%。因此，液体蛋氨酸羟基类似物对猪的生物学效价只有65%。 相似文献
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本试验采用生长试验结合数学模型探讨了消旋蛋氨酸(DL-methionine,DLM)和液体蛋氨酸羟基类似物-游离酸(methionine hydroxy analogue-free acid,MHA-FA)的相对生物学效价。选取990只7日龄体重相近且健康的雄性肉仔鸡(Avian)随机分为11个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复15只鸡。基础日粮设计为蛋氨酸缺乏但其他营养素均满足动物需要,各处理水平分别为:对照组、DLM(0.03%、0.06%、0.10%、0.15%和0.21%)、液体MHA-FA(0.034%、0.068%、0.114%、0.171%、0.239%)。结果表明:7～42日龄,添加蛋氨酸源显著改善了肉仔鸡的增重和饲料转化效率(P<0.05);在等摩尔基础上,液体MHA-FA的相对生物学效价是DLM的59.9%(增重)和74.2%(饲料效率)。 相似文献
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本文阐述了近20年来人们对蛋氨酸羟基类似物的使用效果，代谢机制，效价评定等方面的研究进展，并讨论了羟基蛋氨酸在动物生产中的应用前景。 相似文献
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DL-羟基蛋氨酸钙相对于DL-蛋氨酸的生物学效价 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
试验采用肉仔鸡生产性能和胴体品质指标结合回归模型比较了DL-羟基蛋氨酸钙(DL-MHA-Ca)相对于DL-蛋氨酸(DLM)的生物学效价。选取792只体重相近且健康的AA肉仔鸡,随机分为11个处理,每个处理6个重复。DLM或DL-MHA-Ca按照等摩尔水平(0.03%、0.06%、0.10%、0.15%和0.21%)添加到仅缺乏蛋氨酸的基础日粮中。试验期35 d,分为7~21 d和22~42 d 2个阶段。结果表明:7~21 d和7~42 d,添加蛋氨酸源显著改善了肉仔鸡的体增重、饲料/增重、屠体重、胸肉重、胸肉率、腿肉重和全净膛重(P0.05);在等摩尔基础上,DL-MHA-Ca相对于DLM的生物学效价,7~21 d分别是71%(增重)和66%(饲料/增重);7~42 d则分别为63%(增重)、58%(饲料/增重)、74%(屠体重)、60%(胸肉重)、49%(胸肉率)、71%(腿肉重)和72%(全净膛重)。 相似文献
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饲粮蛋氨酸水平对羔羊肝脏及血清中蛋氨酸循环代谢相关指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究饲粮蛋氨酸水平对羔羊肝脏及血清中蛋氨酸循环代谢相关指标的影响。利用配对试验设计方法,选取平均体重为(4.93±0.20) kg的12对7日龄断母乳湖羊双胞胎公羔,每对双胞胎羔羊分别分到2组中,试验分2个阶段进行。第1阶段(8～56日龄),2组羔羊分别补充[饲喂基础代乳粉+0.70%蛋氨酸、基础开食料+0.40%蛋氨酸,对照组(CON组)]和限制蛋氨酸[饲喂基础代乳粉、基础开食料,低蛋氨酸组(LM组)]。第2阶段(57～84日龄),2组羔羊停止饲喂基础代乳粉,继续饲喂相同的补充蛋氨酸饲粮(基础开食料+0.40%蛋氨酸)。在56和84日龄,各选取6对双胞胎羔羊进行屠宰,采集血液和分离肝脏并液氮保存用于测定蛋氨酸循环代谢相关指标。结果表明:1) 56日龄时,LM组羔羊肝脏中蛋氨酸含量显著高于CON组(P0.05),且LM组肝脏中S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(SAM)/S-腺苷同型半胱氨酸(SAH)值显著高于CON组(P0.05); 84日龄时,LM组羔羊肝脏中蛋氨酸、SAM和SAH含量均显著低于CON组(P0.05)。2) 56日龄时,LM组羔羊肝脏中除甜菜碱-同型半胱氨酸S-甲基转移酶(BHMT)活性显著低于CON组(P0.05)外,2组间其他蛋氨酸循环代谢关键酶的活性均无显著差异(P0.05); 84日龄时,LM组羔羊肝脏中BHMT、甲硫氨酸腺苷转移酶(MAT)和甘氨酸-N-甲基转移酶(GNMT)活性均显著低于CON组(P0.05)。3) 56和84日龄时,LM组羔羊血清中蛋氨酸和SAM含量均显著低于CON组(P0.05),而2组在SAH和同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)含量上均差异不显著(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中低蛋氨酸水平虽显著降低了羔羊肝脏中BHMT活性及血清中蛋氨酸和SAM含量,却激发了肝脏中蛋氨酸的生成,同时显著影响到肝脏SAM/SAH值,使体内甲基供体水平下降,影响羔羊正常甲基代谢;恢复饲粮蛋氨酸水平后,肝脏及血清中蛋氨酸循环代谢相关指标等表观性状未能完全随蛋氨酸的补充而恢复。 相似文献
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蛋氨酸与蛋氨酸羟基类似物在蛋鸡日粮中应用效果研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验在玉米-豆粕型基础日粮上按蛋鸡蛋氨酸需要量的30%、60%、90%设定蛋氨酸和蛋氨酸羟基类似物的添加剂量,比较研究蛋氨酸与蛋氨酸羟基类似物对蛋鸡的应用效果。结果表明:添加蛋氨酸和蛋氨酸羟基类似物可以显著改善蛋鸡产蛋率和平均蛋重(P<0.05)。蛋氨酸羟基类似物对蛋氨酸在蛋鸡的相对生物学效价以产蛋率、饲料转化率、蛋重为评定指标分别为89.5%、78.9%和90.8%。添加蛋氨酸和蛋氨酸羟基类似物可以改善鸡蛋的质量和蛋壳品质。等摩尔浓度添加蛋氨酸和蛋氨酸羟基类似物在蛋鸡日粮中应用效果相近。 相似文献
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文章从各方面探讨了蛋氨酸源相对生物学效价的测定，包括方法学的验证、蛋氨酸源之间差异的解释以及根据实际情况对建议的生物利用率提出的质疑。多个等剂量反应试验，包括蛋氨酸含量为65％的稀释DL-蛋氨酸（DL--met）处理，证实了多元指数和多元线性回归是测定不同养分来源生物学效价的恰当方法。根据1995年以来开展的19个剂量反应试验，液体蛋氨酸羟基类似物自由酸（MHA-FA）与DL—met相比，在肉鸡上的平均相对效价为64％（增重）、62％（饲料转化率）和58％（胸肌产量），相当于大约62％的加权平均。以100：65的比例将液体MHA-FA用DL-met取代的大量现场试验表明，不管在肉鸡还是火鸡、产蛋鸡和鸭上，生产性能都没有差异。在实际饲料配方中，我们建议对液体MHA-FA在所有物种上的生物利用率都以65％来计算。引用试验中，OL--met和液体MHA--FA之间生物利用率上的大幅差异可以通过最近的研究来解释：液体MHA-FA中二聚体和低聚物的吸收效率特别低。在穿过消化道的过程中，液体MHA-FA的吸收比DL-met更加缓慢，因此更易受小肠中微生物的降解，导致部分没有吸收。同时因为液体MHA—FA本身不是一种生化意义上的氨基酸，因此必须在代谢过程中被主动转化成L-蛋氦酸，而代谢过程的效率是没有100％的。 相似文献
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Rachawadee Yodseranee Chaiyapoom Bunchasak 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(8):1957-1963
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementation of dl-methionine (DLM) and liquid dl-methionine hydroxy analog free acid (MHA) in diets on productive performance, blood chemical, and hematological profiles in broiler chickens under tropical conditions. In all, 216 commercial male broiler chicks were used to compare two dietary methionine sources, DLM and MHA. Chicks were raised for 35 days in battery cages situated in high ambient temperature and relative humidity open-side housing. The chicks were divided into three treatments in six replications with 12 chicks each. A completely randomized design was used. The treatment groups were (1) control group (methionine and total sulfur amino acid deficient diet), (2) supplementation of DLM as the methionine source in diet, and (3) supplementation of MHA as the methionine source in diet. The productive performance of DLM and MHA was not significantly different. Both supplementation of DLM and MHA significantly improved final body weight, body weight gain, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio when compared to the control group (P?<?0.01). Both DLM and MHA supplementation significantly increased the plasma cystine concentration level (P?<?0.05). The use of DLM enhanced the plasma methionine concentration (P?<?0.01) and increased the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio (P?<?0.05). While MHA elevated the plasma taurine and uric acid concentration levels (P?<?0.05). In conclusion, under tropical conditions, there was no significant difference between DLM and MHA supplementation on productive performance; plasma methionine concentration was increased by DLM supplementation, while plasma taurine and uric acid concentration were significantly increased by MHA supplementation. 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2005,14(1):167-173
A study was conducted to determine if the response to different sources of Met was influenced by the presence or absence of antibiotics and antibacterials that might alter intestinal microflora. A Met-deficient diet (0.33% by analysis), based on corn and soybean meal, was fed with or without a mixture providing 200 g/ton of bacitracin methylene disalicylate, 200 g/ton of chlortetracycline, 100 g/ton of penicillin, and 100 g/ton of sulfaquinoxaline. Diets were fortified with DL-Met or the liquid form of 2-hydroxy-4-methylbutanoic acid (HMB) to provide supplemental levels of Met ranging from 0.0 to 0.20% in increments of 0.04%, based on 99% activity for DLDL-Met and 88% activity for HMB. The experimental treatments consisted of a 2 × 2 × 6 factorial arrangement of treatments with 2 diet types (medicated and unmedicated), 2 Met sources (DL-Met and HMB) at 6 levels of supplementation for a total of 24 dietary treatments. Each of these was fed to 6 replicate pens of 5 male chicks from 0 to 21 d, stratified across tiers in the battery.Feeding the medicated diets resulted in a significant reduction in intestinal bacterial as measured by total aerobic plate count of ileal contents, with significant improvements in BW and feed conversion. However, there were no significant interactions between the medications and the response to the 2 sources of Met. There was no difference in BW or feed conversion related to the 2 different sources of Met when fed to provide equimolar amounts of Met activity. Chicks responded to increasing levels of Met, but there was no interaction between source and level of Met for BW or feed conversion. Peak response appeared to occur at approximately 0.08% supplemental (0.41% total) Met, somewhat below current NRC recommendations. It does not appear that a difference in antibiotic content of test diets is responsible for the discrepancy in reported responses to the 2 sources of Met. 相似文献
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Robert L. PAYNE reas LEMME Hiroaki SEKO Yasushi HASHIMOTO Hirokazu FUJISAKI Jerzy KORELESKI Sylwester SWIATKIEWICZ Witold SZCZUREK Horatio ROSTAGNO 《Animal Science Journal》2006,77(4):427-439
Three experiments were conducted to determine and validate the relative bioefficacy of the liquid form of hydroxy analog (liquid MHA‐FA) to that of DL‐methionine (Met) in male broilers. In experiments 1 and 2, 945 and 550 male broilers were fed either a Met‐deficient basal diet, or the basal diet supplemented with four and five equimolar levels of each Met source, respectively. In experiment 3, 1232 male broilers were fed either a Met‐deficient basal diet, or the basal diet with three levels (low, moderate, or high) of liquid MHA‐FA or DL‐Met at 65% of the liquid MHA‐FA level. Growth performance improved in all trials, regardless of the Met source, relative to those broilers fed the basal diet. In experiments 1 and 2, the bioefficacy estimates for liquid MHA‐FA relative to DL‐Met on a product basis were: 50% and 64% for weight gain, 51% and 59% for the feed conversion ratio, and 54% and 48% for breast‐meat yield, respectively. In experiment 3, there were no differences between the DL‐Met or liquid MHA‐FA treatments, and the broilers fed liquid MHA‐FA were 68% as efficient on a product basis as those fed DL‐methionine for weight gain. The results from these three trials indicate that the bioefficacy of liquid MHA‐FA relative to DL‐methionine is 57% on a product basis on average across all criteria tested. 相似文献
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Liu YL Yi GF Song GL Hou YQ Huang JW Vázquez-Añón M Knight CD 《British poultry science》2007,48(2):190-197
1. This experiment was conducted to compare the effectiveness of DL-2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid (HMTBA) and DL-methionine (DLM) on growth performance and carcase quality of broilers in a 2 x 3 x 2 factorial experimental design including two methionine (Met) sources, three equimolar levels of Met supplementation and two sexes. 2. No difference was observed between the two Met sources in growth performance and muscle deposition from 10 to 49 d. With increasing Met levels, average daily gain was increased in the starter, grower and overall phases, average daily feed intake was increased in the starter phase, and feed:gain ratio was decreased in the grower and overall phases. Met supplementation increased breast muscle content and decreased abdominal fat content. Broilers given HMTBA had breast and thigh muscle coloration that was characterised as superior to those fed DLM. 3. These results indicated that Met supplementation improved growth performance and carcase quality irrespective of the Met sources. Compared to DLM, HMTBA has the same molar bioefficacy for improving the growth performance and carcase quality; however, HMTBA-fed birds had superior meat colour to DLM-fed birds. 相似文献
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Hao Zhang Yue Li Yueping Chen Zhixiong Ying Weipeng Su Tao Zhang Yan Dong John K. Htoo Lili Zhang Tian Wang 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2019,103(3):868-881
This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with L‐methionine (L‐Met), DL‐methionine (DL‐Met) and calcium salt of the methionine hydroxyl analog (MHA‐Ca) on growth performance, intestinal morphology, antioxidant capacity and immune function in intra‐uterine growth‐retarded (IUGR) suckling piglets. Six normal birthweight (NBW) female piglets and 24 same‐sex IUGR piglets were selected at birth. Piglets were fed nutrient adequate basal diet supplemented with 0.08% L‐alanine (NBW‐CON), 0.08% L‐alanine (IUGR‐CON), 0.12% L‐Met (IUGR‐LM), 0.12% DL‐Met (IUGR‐DLM) and 0.16% MHA‐Ca (IUGR‐MHA‐Ca) from 7 to 21 days of age respectively (n = 6). The results indicated that IUGR decreased average daily milk (dry matter) intake and average daily gain and increased feed conversion ratio of suckling piglets (p < 0.05). Compared with the NBW‐CON piglets, IUGR also impaired villus morphology and reduced antioxidant capacity and immune homeostasis in the intestine of IUGR‐CON piglets (p < 0.05). Supplementation with L‐Met enhanced jejunal villus height (VH) and villus area and ileal VH of IUGR piglets compared with IUGR‐CON piglets (p < 0.05). Similarly, DL‐Met supplementation increased VH and the ratio of VH to crypt depth in the jejunum compared with IUGR‐CON pigs (p < 0.05). Supplementation with L‐Met and DL‐Met (0.12%) tended to increase reduced glutathione content and reduced glutathione: oxidized glutathione ratio and decrease protein carbonyl concentration in the jejunum of piglets when compared with the IUGR‐CON group (p < 0.10). However, supplementation with MHA‐Ca had no effect on the intestinal redox status of IUGR piglets (p > 0.10). In conclusion, supplementation with either L‐Met or DL‐Met has a beneficial effect on the intestinal morphology and antioxidant capacity of IUGR suckling piglets. 相似文献
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Kim BG Lindemann MD Rademacher M Brennan JJ Cromwell GL 《Journal of animal science》2006,84(1):104-111
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of dietary DL-methionine hydroxy analog-free acid (MHA-FA, 88%) compared with DL-methionine (DLM, 99%) as Met sources in pigs. In Exp. 1, a total of 245 crossbred pigs (initial BW of 6.4 kg [SD = 0.5]) were allotted to 7 treatments in 7 replicates for an experimental period of 28 d. The basal diet (BD) was formulated to contain 17.5% CP and 0.21% Met. Dietary treatments included 1) BD, 2) BD + 0.030% DLM, 3) BD + 0.060% DLM, 4) BD + 0.090% DLM, 5) BD + 0.034% MHA-FA, 6) BD + 0.068% MHA-FA, and 7) BD + 0.103% MHA-FA; the MHA-FA was supplemented on an equimolar basis to the DLM. Because of a nonlinear response, exponential regression analysis was used to evaluate the responses, and a comparison of the equations was then made to determine the relative effectiveness of the 2 Met sources. With increases in dietary Met, weight gain increased (P < 0.05). Compared with DLM on a product-to-product (wt/wt) basis, the relative effectiveness of MHA-FA was calculated to be 73% for increasing weight gain and 54% for decreasing the feed:gain. In Exp. 2, a total of 30 weanling barrows [initial BW of 16.8 kg (SD = 2.8)] were used in a metabolism study to evaluate the relative value of MHA-FA to DLM. The BD was formulated to contain 16.9% CP and 0.21% Met. Dietary treatments included 1) BD, 2) BD + 0.030% DLM, 3) BD + 0.060% DLM, 4) BD + 0.046% MHA-FA, and 5) BD + 0.092% MHA-FA; the MHA-FA levels were chosen based on a pre-experiment estimate of bioequivalence in an attempt to provide approximately equal pig responses. There was no difference in fecal N output among the treatments; however, urine N linearly decreased with increasing concentrations of both sources (P = 0.034 for DLM, and P = 0.007 for MHA-FA), which resulted in a linear increase in retained N for both DLM (P = 0.012) and MHA-FA (P = 0.005). In addition, N retention (% of intake) linearly increased with increasing level of DLM (P = 0.014) and MHA-FA (P = 0.007). Using a slope-ratio procedure for comparison of the responses from the 2 sources, the relative biological equivalence value of MHA-FA to DLM in this experiment was 64.2% based on percent N retention and 66.3% based on the grams of N retained per day. Based on the results from both experiments, these data indicated that the mean relative bioequivalence of MHA-FA to DLM was 64% on a product-to-product (wt/wt) basis or 73% on an equimolar basis. 相似文献
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Dietary methionine source and level affect hepatic sulfur amino acid metabolism of broiler breeder hens 
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下载免费PDF全文 Jianmei Wan Xuemei Ding Jianping Wang Shiping Bai Huanwei Peng Yuheng Luo Zhuowei Su Yue Xuan Keying Zhang 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(12):2016-2024
A study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary methionine source and level on plasma free amino acids patterns and the expression of genes involved in hepatic methionine metabolism in broiler breeders. A total of 2184 broiler breeders were assigned to 13 dietary treatments, with eight replicates per treatment. The 13 treatments included one control group and 12 additional treatments employing two sources and six levels (0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 and 1.00%). Higher plasma methionine concentration was measured for DL‐methionine (DLM) treated hens. Plasma alanine concentration was linearly increased as DLM or 2‐hydroxy‐4‐(methylthio) butanoic acid (HMTBA) supplementation level increased. There was a linear increase in concentrations of tyrosine, valine, glycine and serine as dietary DLM supplementation level increased. Hens treated with DLM had higher relative expression of ADA than those fed HMTBA. The expression of MS, ADA, SAHH and MAT2A changed quadratically as HMTBA supplementation level increased, while the expression of GNMT and SAHH changed quadratically as DLM supplementation level increased. In conclusion, the effects of HMTBA on plasma free amino acid patterns and the expression of hepatic genes involved with methionine are different from DLM. 相似文献