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国内欧洲鳗鲡养殖中存在的主要问题 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前，国内采用饲养日本鳗Ｌｉ的传统方法来饲养欧洲鳗Ｌｉ内中存在两个问题：一是鳗病，其中狂游病发病急，死率极高，而红头病虽然发病稍缓，但极难治疗，死亡也较严重；二是各阶段的生长速度明显低于日本鳗Ｌｉ。本文对这两大问题进行探讨。 相似文献
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养殖鳗鲡新疾病及其控制技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在近年鳗鲡养殖中,不断发生新的疾病,给养殖造成了严重的经济损失。本文简要介绍新发生的疾病及其控制方法，以期为养殖生产提供参考。
一、日本鳗鲡皮肤溃疡症
皮肤溃疡病又称腐皮病，发生于日本鳗鲡，是近两年发现的疾病，病原至今不明，疑为嗜低温细菌性疾病。 相似文献
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日本鳗鲡的生物学特征及人工饲养技术（一）日本鳗鲡（Ａｎｇｕｉｌｌａｊａｐｏｎｉｃａ）属脊索动物门、脊椎动物亚门、鱼纲、鳗鲡目、鳗鲡科、鳗鲡属。日本鳗鲡（以下简称鳗鲡）肉质细嫩鲜美，内含多种维生素、蛋白质及易被人体消化吸收的多烯不饱和脂肪酸，是一种风味... 相似文献
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<正>福建省长乐市是鳗鲡的重点养殖区,年投各种鳗鲡苗种约在1亿尾左右。从近几年养殖情况来看,笔者所在地区多数养殖场每年都不同程度发生鳗鲡小瓜虫病、拟指环虫、车轮虫病,尤其欧洲鳗鲡的养殖场发病更为严重,如果处理不好死亡率可达5%～10%,给养殖者带来较重的经济损失。因此,如何正确防治鳗鲡寄生虫病是提高鳗鲡养殖成活率和提高经济效益的重要因素。 相似文献
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鳗鱼腐皮病是近几年在鳗鱼养殖过程中不断出现的新疾病,因其最初发生于日本鳗鲡,主要症状表现为病鳗体表病灶斑块状溃疡,又称日本鳗鲡溃疡症。现在养殖的欧洲鳗鲡也有发现,鳗鱼腐皮病初期,鳗鱼的死亡率并不高,只是每天几条十几条,由于在发 相似文献
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烂鳗假单胞菌（Pseudomenas anguilliseptica）是池塘养殖日本鳗鲡和欧洲鳗鲡红斑病病原菌。红斑病流行于低水温(10-20℃)期，尤其是早春，消失于夏季27℃以上高水温期。以前有关烂鳗假单胞菌的血清学研究表明，有毒的菌株具有遇热易变表面抗原(K抗原)。中井敏博等(1985)对有K抗原菌株和和无K抗原菌株在鱼体内命运分析表明，在日本鳗鲡血清中的成活能力可以作为极其重要的病原性指标。 相似文献
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鲤脑垂体匀浆液和人绒毛膜促性腺激_省略_性腺激素及性类固醇激素含量的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
雄鳗注射５－６次、雌鳗注射９－１０次鲤脑体匀浆液（ＣＰＥ）＋人绒毛膜促性腺激素（ＨＣＧ）能分别诱导精巢和卵巢发育成熟。在雌雄鳗鲡,注射ＣＰＥ＋ＨＣＧ可显著增加端脑、间脑、中脑和下丘脑ｍＧｎＲＨ的含量,而对后脑和延髓ｍＧｎＲＨ的影响较小;注射ＣＰＥ＋ＨＣＧ增加雄鳗后脑和延髓ｃＧｎＲＨ－Ⅱ含量,对雌鳗脑区ｃＧｎＲＨ－Ⅱ则无显著影响。雌雄鳗鲡每次注射ＣＰＥ＋ＨＣＧ后１天,血清促性腺激素（ＧｔＨ）急剧上升 相似文献
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F. Aranishi 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1999,20(1):37-41
Cysteine proteases, cathepsins L and B, in Japanese eel epidermis are suspected bacteriolysins against aquatic pathogens. This work examines the lysis of three species of gram-negative pathogenic bacteria by the eel epidermal extract according to the assay method for cysteine proteases. The optimum pH for the lysis of the three species of bacteria were commonly determined to be 5.0, where both of eel epidermal cathepsins L and B caused active proteolysis. Four kinds of specific inhibitors for cysteine proteases strongly inhibited these catheptic proteolyses and bacteriolyses. The activities for the lysis of three types of bacteria were at a similar level, but the effects on the bacterium which infects predominantly eel skin largely varied with individual fish. These results suggest that epidermal cathepsins L and B are responsible for lysis of any pathogenic bacteria in the nonspecific defense of Japanese eel. 相似文献
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Huang YS Chen YM Liao PC Lee YH Gwo JC Chen MC Chang CF 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2012,38(3):777-787
In mammals, androgens appear to enhance the development of primary ovarian follicles, but PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinases) pathway is well recognized as one of the critical pathways in early follicular development. Roles of the PI3K were revealed by deletion of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10). PTEN is demonstrated to play an important role in the early stage of follicle development. In the Japanese eel, two forms of PTEN have been cloned, but what their functions on the development of early ovarian follicles are still not clear. The natural blockage and inducible of ovarian development was a benefit to address this question in the eel. Testosterone (T) shows to ameliorate the early ovarian development in the eel. The aims of this study were to elucidate the two forms of PTEN by cellular and physiological criteria and to study the effects of T on the ovarian PTEN production in the exogenous pituitary extracts-stimulated eel. Our results suggested that two forms of PTEN are existing in the Japanese eel, and eel ovarian development corresponded to the decrease in ovarian PTEN expression, vice versa. In addition, the supplement of T on eel early ovarian development can be attributed to its PTEN inhibitor role. 相似文献
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Yuichi Ozaki Hiromi Okumura Yukinori Kazeto Toshitaka Ikeuchi Shigeho Ijiri Masaki Nagae Shinji Adachi and Kohei Yamauchi 《Fisheries Science》2000,66(6):1115-1122
SUMMARY: Pituitary, thyroid gland and gonads in leptocephali of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica (19.8–32.6 mm in total length), A. obscura (45.0 mm), and A. bicolor pacifica (49.5 mm) and those in glass eels of the Japanese eel were histologically and immunohistochemically examined in order to observe the developmental changes of these endocrine organs in the Anguillidae. The pituitary, consisting of adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis in Japanese eel leptocephali over 22.5 mm, did not contain thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) immunoreactive cells. Such cells were, however, detectable in the more developed pituitaries of leptocephali of A. obscura and A. bicolor pacifica and in those of glass eels. Conversely, thyroxine (T4 )-immunoreactive thyroid follicles could be detected in all specimens, both leptocephalic and glass eel. Only in glass eels, gonads were found in the body cavity, and these gonads harbored one or two primordial germ cells (PGC) per cross-section. Our results indicate that thyroid hormones (TH) production started prior to TSH production, and that TSH and TH are both secreted during the metamorphosis from leptocephalus to glass eel. Therefore, it is plausible that the TSH–TH axis is involved in the metamorphosis from leptocephalus to glass eel, but not in the early growth from preleptocephalus to leptocephalus. 相似文献
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日本鳗鲡(Anguillajaponica)产后亲鱼的恢复培养全过程包括:产后亲鱼的海水淡化、诱导开口以及亲鱼培育。对2种不同淡化方式的结果比较发现,日本鳗鲡亲鱼的海水淡化方式以缓慢连续的方式较好,即每天换水1次,每次淡化量为总盐度的3%～4%,总淡化时间为1个月。淡化后的亲鱼存活率分别为:自然产卵的产后亲鱼达到100%,人工授精的产后亲鱼为86.3%,而难产的产后亲鱼则为81.5%。在各种开口驯养方式中,以水蚯蚓为开口饵料的驯养效果较好。诱导亲鱼开始摄食所需时间最短,为18d;摄食量也最大,达到平均体重的2.5%。从水蚯蚓逐步转为全人工饵料后,进行日常亲鱼培育。经18个月的恢复培养后,使产后亲鱼的平均体重雌鳗330g、雄鳗150g分别恢复到765g和470g。但2次繁殖的各项指标中,催熟率、成熟系数和性腺发育情况远远低于野生鳗,而催产率和幼苗存活率则略高于野生鳗,其原因尚有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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为证明日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)生活史最后一步一产后鳗的命运,本研究模拟产后的日本鳗鲡继续在海水中养殖,观察其存活率及繁育情况.结果表明,产后鳗在海水中停食约18 d后,体能得到恢复,部分亲鱼开始出现摄食,1个月左右全部恢复摄食,经244 d养殖,雌、雄鳗体质量增加,存活率达94.6%.随后,给产后鳗注射外源性促性腺激素(鲤鱼脑垂体匀浆CPE和人绒毛膜促性腺激素HCG)后激发其退化的性腺(卵巢和精巢)重新发育(与当年银鳗作对照).通过性腺组织切片观察产后鳗和对照鳗性腺发育成熟的全过程及其差异,发现产后鳗起初性腺发育比当年银鳗差,但经多次注射激素后,产后鳗性腺成熟与当年银鳗同步,证明产后鳗生殖细胞对激素的敏感件高.应用17α,20β-双羟孕酮和促性腺激素释放激素类似物(GnRH-A3)使催熟的产后鳗和对照鳗均产卵和排精,并孵化出仔鱼,从而有力地证明,鳗鲡产后虽体质弱,但待体能恢复后能够继续生存和繁殖.本研究旨在探讨利用产后鳗作为今后鳗鲡人工繁殖亲鳗的可行性. 相似文献
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H. Kamei T. Oshira Y. Yoshiura N. Uchida K. Aida 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2003,28(1-4):97-98
The androgen secretion activities of recombinant Japanese eel follicle-stimulating hormone (rjeFSH) were investigated in immature and maturing eel testes. The rjeFSH stimulated testosterone (T) and 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) secretion in immature testis but not in maturing testis. This result suggests that eel FSH plays an important role through the sex steroid secretion in immature testis rather than in maturing testis. 相似文献
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日本鳗鲡仔鱼摄食机理及其营养策略 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
鳗鲡属(Ａｎｇｕｉｌｌａ)鱼类共有19种和亚种,其中以欧洲鳗鲡(Ａ.ａｎｇｕｉｌｌａ)和日本鳗鲡(Ａ.ｊａｐｏｎｉｃａ)最为重要。鳗鲡属鱼类发育需经历奇特的柳叶状仔鱼(ｌｅｐｔｏｃｅｐｈａｌｕｓｌａｒｖａ)阶段,其人工育苗技术是一道世界难题。柳叶状仔鱼现象仅见于真骨鱼类最原始的一个类群海鲢总目Ｅｌｏｐｏｍｏｒｐｈａ(鳗鲡目Ａｎｇｕｉｌｌｉｆｏｒｍｅｓ,海鲢目Ｅｌｏｐｉｆｏｒｍｅｓ,背棘鱼目Ｎｏｔａｃａｎｔｈｉｆｏｒｍｅｓ)。有关柳叶状仔鱼的发育策略,已从形态学、生理学及生物化学等方面进行了不少研究,但柳叶状仔鱼… 相似文献
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Shyamal C MAHATA Ryoichi MITSUO Jun-Ya AOKI Hironori KATO Takao ITAKURA 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(3):615-624
ABSTRACT: The cytochrome P450 (CYP) represents a large group of microsomal monooxygenases that catalyze drugs as well as a host of lethal environmental contaminants such as dioxins, leading to either detoxification and excretion from the animal or generation of carcinogenic intermediates. In the present study two forms of cDNA were cloned (Eu MC1 and Eu MC2) for European eel CYP1A genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. The cDNA of Eu MC1 was 3368 bp long coding 521 amino acid residues, and that of Eu MC2 was 2464 bp long coding 517 amino acid residues. Identities of deduced amino acid sequences between Eu MC1 and Japanese eel CYP1A1 and that between Eu MC2 and the second form of Japanese eel CYP1A were 98% and 97%, respectively, showing decisively that Eu MC1 and Eu MC2 are orthologous to Japanese eel CYP1A1 and the second form of CYP1A, respectively. A striking difference between the two eel species was that the Eu MC1 peptide was two amino acid residues longer than that of the Japanese eel CYP1A1. Existence of two loci of CYP1A in Japanese and European eels may suggest that the two forms of CYP1A exist widely among the eel species, because the divergence between the two eel species has been shown to be close to the basal divergence among eels. The identities in CYP1A may help to estimate genetic distance between European and Japanese eels. 相似文献