共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
D.P. Berry M.C. McClure M.P. Mullen 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2014,131(3):165-172
The objective of this study was to evaluate, using three different genotype density panels, the accuracy of imputation from lower‐ to higher‐density genotypes in dairy and beef cattle. High‐density genotypes consisting of 777 962 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were available on 3122 animals comprised of 269, 196, 710, 234, 719, 730 and 264 Angus, Belgian Blue, Charolais, Hereford, Holstein‐Friesian, Limousin and Simmental bulls, respectively. Three different genotype densities were generated: low density (LD; 6501 autosomal SNPs), medium density (50K; 47 770 autosomal SNPs) and high density (HD; 735 151 autosomal SNPs). Imputation from lower‐ to higher‐density genotype platforms was undertaken within and across breeds exploiting population‐wide linkage disequilibrium. The mean allele concordance rate per breed from LD to HD when undertaken using a single breed or multiple breed reference population varied from 0.956 to 0.974 and from 0.947 to 0.967, respectively. The mean allele concordance rate per breed from 50K to HD when undertaken using a single breed or multiple breed reference population varied from 0.987 to 0.994 and from 0.987 to 0.993, respectively. The accuracy of imputation was generally greater when the reference population was solely comprised of the breed to be imputed compared to when the reference population comprised of multiple breeds, although the impact was less when imputing from 50K to HD compared to imputing from LD. 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of the antioxidant N‐acetyl‐cysteine (NAC) supplemented to the maturation medium on porcine embryo development. Concentrations of NAC and its synthetic derivative, NAC‐amide (NACA) were evaluated for effects on nuclear maturation, fertilization success and embryo development. Concentrations of NAC (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 5.0 mm ) were supplemented to maturing oocytes, and embryo development was analysed at 48 and 144 h post‐fertilization. There were no differences among cleavage rates for any of the treatment groups. Blastocyst formation for 1.5 mm NAC (56.5 ± 9.2%) was higher (p < 0.05) than all other supplementations. There were no differences in nuclear maturation or fertilization or in cleavage rates when comparing 1.5 mm NAC and 1.5 mm NACA supplementation to the control. Blastocyst formation for 1.5 mm NAC (44.4 ± 4.7%) and 1.5 mm NACA (46.2 ± 3.4%) supplementation were higher (p < 0.05) than the control (32.1 ± 6.2%) oocytes. These results indicate that supplementing 1.5 mm of NAC or NACA to the oocyte maturation medium increased the percentage of viable embryos reaching the blastocyst stage of development. 相似文献
5.
Effects of feeding lycopene isomers to laying hens on egg qualities such as lycopene concentration and color of the yolk were investigated. Firstly, to evaluate the dietary transfer of lycopene to egg yolk, (all‐E)‐lycopene–rich diets (lycopene content, 100, 200, or 300 mg/kg diet) were fed to hens for 21 days. Lycopene in egg yolk could be detected after 4 days or more from the start of feeding, and the lycopene concentration increased according to the feed amount and period. Even though most of the dietary lycopene was the all‐E‐isomer, more than 65% of lycopene in egg yolk was present as Z‐isomers. Thus, the effect of lycopene Z‐isomer content in the diet (lycopene content, 200 mg/kg diet; lycopene Z‐isomer content, 35.1% or 61.3%) on egg qualities was investigated. As the Z‐isomer content increased, the lycopene concentration in the egg yolk increased, for example, when fed a diet rich in Z‐isomers (61.3%), the lycopene concentration in the egg yolk was approximately three times higher than when fed the (all‐E)‐lycopene–rich diet for 21 days. The results indicated that Z‐isomers of lycopene had higher bioavailability and/or higher transfer efficiency to the egg yolk than the all‐E‐isomer. 相似文献
6.
Fasting Urinary Calcium‐to‐Creatinine and Oxalate‐to‐Creatinine Ratios in Dogs with Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis and Breed‐Matched Controls 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 E. Furrow E.E. Patterson P.J. Armstrong C.A. Osborne J.P. Lulich 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2015,29(1):113-119
Background
Hypercalciuria and hyperoxaluria are risk factors for calcium oxalate (CaOx) urolithiasis, but breed‐specific reports of urinary metabolites and their relationship with stone status are lacking.Objective
To compare urinary metabolites (calcium and oxalate) and blood ionized calcium (iCa) concentrations between CaOx stone formers and breed‐matched stone‐free controls for the Miniature Schnauzer, Bichon Frise, and Shih Tzu breeds.Animals
Forty‐seven Miniature Schnauzers (23 cases and 24 controls), 27 Bichons Frise (14 cases and 13 controls), and 15 Shih Tzus (7 cases and 8 controls).Methods
Prospective study. Fasting spot urinary calcium‐to‐creatinine and oxalate‐to‐creatinine ratios (UCa/Cr and UOx/Cr, respectively) and blood iCa concentrations were measured and compared between cases and controls within and across breeds. Regression models were used to test the effect of patient and environmental factors on these variables.Results
UCa/Cr was higher in cases than controls for each of the 3 breeds. In addition to stone status, being on a therapeutic food designed to prevent CaOx stone recurrence was associated with higher UCa/Cr. UOx/Cr did not differ between cases and controls for any of the breeds. Blood iCa was higher in cases than controls in the Miniature Schnauzer and Bichon Frise breeds and had a moderate correlation with UCa/Cr.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Hypercalciuria is associated with CaOx stone status in the Miniature Schnauzer, Bichon Frise, and Shih Tzu breeds. UOx/Cr did not correlate with stone status in these 3 breeds. These findings may influence breed‐specific stone prevention recommendations. 相似文献7.
Pre‐ and Post‐Transfusion Alloimmunization in Dogs Characterized by 2 Antiglobulin‐Enhanced Cross‐match Tests 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 I. Goy‐Thollot U. Giger C. Boisvineau R. Perrin M. Guidetti B. Chaprier A. Barthélemy C. Pouzot‐Nevoret B. Canard 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2017,31(5):1420-1429
8.
9.
Swiss Landrace pigs selected into genetically well‐characterized low and high tissue fat lines (f and F respectively) react differently to exogenous and endogenous stressors. Response of the hypothalamo‐pituitary‐adrenocortical (HPA) axis to i.v. administered ovine corticotrophin‐releasing factor (oCRF) and lysine vasopressin (LVP) in young females, intact and pretreated with dexamethasone or metyrapone, leads to the conclusion that different stress susceptibility of the two lines correlates with the sensitivity of pituitary corticotrophs to oCRF stimulation. Total amount of ACTH released after stimulation with submaximal oCRF doses was roughly equal in both lines, and cortisol level is even lower in the f‐line, most likely due to the considerably enhanced metabolic clearance rate of cortisol (lower half‐life of plasma cortisol compared with F‐line). LVP‐stimulated ACTH release is comparable with that of oCRF is stronger in the f‐line. Combined effect of oCRF and LVP is rather additive than synergistic but the half‐life ratio cortisol/ACTH after this stimulation is about four times higher than for stimulation by LVP and oCRF separately. In cases of externally stimulated HPA axis, cortisol plasma concentration tightly cross‐correlates with that of ACTH. 相似文献
10.
11.
B. F. JACKSON P. K. DYSON C. LONNELL K. L. P. VERHEYEN D. U. PFEIFFER J. S. PRICE 《Equine veterinary journal》2009,41(4):410-413
The aim of this study was to determine whether bone biomarkers (osteocalcin, PICP, ICTP and CTX‐I) could be used to identify 2‐ and 3‐year‐olds at increased risk of fracture in the subsequent flat racing season. It was concluded that these bone biomarkers cannot be used to identify 2‐ and 3‐year‐olds that sustain a fracture. Whether bone biomarkers have better predictive value in older horses or when measured serially in the same animal remains to be determined. 相似文献
12.
13.
Adesola Odunayo DVM MS John R. Dodam DVM MS PhD DACVA Marie E. Kerl DVM DACVIM DACVECC Amy E. DeClue DVM MS DACVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2010,20(4):376-385
Objective – To review the immunomodulatory effects of opioids. Data Sources – Original research publications and review articles using the PubMed search engine with the following keywords – opioids, morphine, immuomodulation, and immunosuppression. Veterinary and Human Data Synthesis – Opioids have been shown to modulate the immune system in animal models by affecting both the acquired and innate arms of the immune system. Natural killer cell activity, T‐cell proliferation, antibody production, phagocytic cell function, and cytokine production have all been shown to be affected by opioids. Many of these effects are reversed by opioid antagonists. Opioids have also been shown to induce sepsis in laboratory animals. Opioid administration alters immune parameters in healthy humans at analgesic doses and may increase the risk of infection in some patient populations. Conclusions – While opioids remain the most powerful and widely used analgesics available, their negative effects on the immune system are well established in the laboratory setting. Thoughtful consideration should be given to the use of certain opioids in critically ill patients, especially those with pre‐existing immunocompromise. 相似文献
14.
15.
D. V. G. Vieira F. G. P. Costa M. R. Lima J. G. de V. Júnior T. P. Bonaparte D. T. Cavalcante 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(2):e686-e694
An experiment was performed using 1,000 laying Japanese quails to assess the availability of two alternative dietary methionine sources. Treatment 01 = Basal Feed that is deficient in digestible methionine + cystine (Met + Cys). The other treatments were constituted by Met + Cys levels of 0.8, 1.60 and 2.40 g/kg, supplemented with DL‐Methionine‐99%, HMTBA‐88% and HMTBA‐84%, being 10 treatments in total. The following characteristics were studied: feed intake (g/bird/day), egg production (egg/day × 100), egg weight (g/egg), egg mass (g/egg), feed conversion per egg dozen (kg feed/dozen eggs), feed conversion per egg mass (kg feed/kg eggs), relative yolk weight (g/100 g of egg), relative albumen weight (g/100 g of egg), relative shell weight (g/100 g of egg), shell thickness (mm) and specific gravity (g/cm3). In general result comment, supplemental methionine sources must be included in the poultry diet. The different methionine sources affect the performance of quails, and the increase in the levels within each source improves the performance variables. Significant effect was observable on performance variables and egg quality variables, being that DLM‐99% is superior to the other sources. The HMTBA‐88% source is superior to the HMTBA‐84% source for the same aforementioned variables. In conclusion, the bioefficacy values of the HMTBA‐88% and HMTBA‐84% sources compared to the DLM‐99% source on an equimolar basis were 81 and 79%, respectively, for the performance variables, and 83 and 74 while the methionine sources were equivalent for the variables related to egg quality. 相似文献
16.
Comparison of Serum Spec fPL™ and 1,2‐o‐Dilauryl‐Rac‐Glycero‐3‐Glutaric Acid‐(6′‐Methylresorufin) Ester Assay in 60 Cats Using Standardized Assessment of Pancreatic Histology 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 S. Oppliger M. Hilbe S. Hartnack E. Zini C.E. Reusch P.H. Kook 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2016,30(3):764-770
17.
18.
The insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) is a key regulator of reproductive functions. IGF‐I actions are primarily mediated by IGF‐IR. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the presence of IGF‐I and IGF‐I Receptor (IGF‐IR) in stallion testicular tissue. The hypotheses of this study were (i) IGF‐I and IGF‐IR are present in stallion testicular cells including Leydig, Sertoli, and developing germ cells, and (ii) the immunolabelling of IGF‐I and IGF‐IR varies with age. Testicular tissues from groups of 4 stallions in different developmental ages were used. Rabbit anti‐human polyclonal antibodies against IGF‐I and IGF‐IR were used as primary antibodies for immunohistochemistry and Western blot. At the pre‐pubertal and pubertal stages, IGF‐I immunolabelling was present in spermatogonia and Leydig cells. At post‐pubertal, adult and aged stages, immunolabelling of IGF‐I was observed in spermatogenic cells (spermatogonia, spermatocyte, spermatid, and spermatozoa) and Leydig cells. Immunolabelling of IGF‐IR was observed in spermatogonia and Leydig cells at the pre‐pubertal stage. The immunolabelling becomes stronger as the age of animals advance through the post‐pubertal stage. Strong immunolabelling of IGF‐IR was observed in spermatogonia and Leydig cells at post‐puberty, adult and aged stallions; and faint labelling was seen in spermatocytes at these ages. Immunolabelling of IGF‐I and IGF‐IR was not observed in Sertoli cells. In conclusion, IGF‐I is localized in equine spermatogenic and Leydig cells, and IGF‐IR is present in spermatogonia, spermatocytes and Leydig cells, suggesting that the IGF‐I may be involved in equine spermatogenesis and Leydig cell function as a paracrine/autocrine factor. 相似文献
19.
Comparison of equine platelet function and survival in whole blood collected in acid‐citrate‐dextrose solution or citrate‐phosphate‐dextrose‐adenine solution 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Rana Bozorgmanesh Julie W. Sutton‐Burges Fern Tablin 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2017,46(2):262-268
20.
Silke Pfitzer Andrew P. Woodward Liesel Laubscher Kristin Warren Rebecca Vaughan‐Higgins Jacobus P. Raath Michael Laurence 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2019,42(3):251-257
To determine the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic properties of the serotonin 5‐HT1A receptor agonist R‐8‐OH‐DPAT in goats, and 0.1 mg kg?1 R‐8‐OH‐DPAT hydrobromide was administered intramuscularly (i.m.) and intravenously (i.v.) to six goats in a two‐phase cross‐over design experiment. Venous blood samples were collected from the jugular vein 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40 and 60 min following treatment and analysed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by a one‐compartment analysis. Mean bioavailability of R‐8‐OH‐DPAT when injected i.m. was 66%. The mean volume of distribution in the central compartment was 1.47 L kg?1. The mean plasma body clearance was 0.056 L kg?1 min?1. All goats injected i.v. and two of six goats injected i.m. showed signs of serotonin toxicity. In conclusion, R‐8‐OH‐DPAT is well absorbed following i.m. injection and the observed pharmacokinetics suggest that administration via dart is feasible. Administration of R‐8‐OH‐DPAT hydrobromide, at a dosage of 0.1 mg kg?1, resulted in the observation of clinical signs of serotonin toxicity in the goats. It is suggested that dosages for the clinical use of the compound should be lower in order to achieve the desired clinical effect without causing serotonin toxicity. 相似文献