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低磷日粮对产蛋鸡生产性能及脏器组织磷含量的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
选择48只178日龄健康罗曼商品蛋鸡,随机分成4个组,分别饲喂含有效磷0．08％,0．12％,0．15％和0．25％的日粮。试验期60d。结果表明,低磷日粮显著降低产蛋率、饲料消耗和蛋重(P＜0．05);日粮磷为0．12％～0．15％时,显著提高蛋壳厚度(P＜0．05)。饲喂含磷0．08％的日粮至45天,鸡呈现胸骨弯曲;至50天表现以瘫痪为主要特征的产蛋疲劳综合症。产蛋下降是产蛋鸡磷缺乏症的最早症状,胸骨弯曲、轻瘫为早期的临床指征;X线检查可见骨质密度降低、骨皮质变薄。低磷日粮显著降低血浆ACP(酸性磷酸酶)活性(P＜0．05)。低磷日粮显著降低血浆、全血、胫骨、肝脏、心脏、肾脏和蛋黄磷含量(P＜0．05)。上述脏器组织磷含量可作为产蛋鸡磷缺乏症的实验室诊断指标;血浆、蛋黄磷可作为磷缺乏症的早期诊断指标,其临界值分别为0．4mg／mL和1．0％。 相似文献
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试验一,选择75羽1日龄健康的罗曼商品蛋鸡,随机分成2个组,第一组20羽,第二组55羽,每个组设2个重复,分别饲喂含有0.4%和0.11%有效磷的日粮.试验至30d,低磷组受试鸡胸骨弯曲发生率达52%,增重显著降低(P＜0.05),确认为雏鸡患有磷缺乏症.试验二,选48羽患磷缺乏症的商品蛋鸡,随机分成4个组,分别饲喂含0.11%有效磷、0.4%有效磷、0.4%有效磷+500IU/kg维生素D3、0.6%有效磷的日粮.试验20d,结果显示:第一组增重、耗料量显著低于第二、三、四组(P＜0.05);第一组胸骨弯曲、胸部囊肿发生率显著高于第二、三、四组(P＜0.05);第一组血浆、全血、胫骨钙、磷显著低于第二、三、四组(P＜0.05).3个治疗组之间没有明显的差别,表明当雏鸡患有磷缺乏症时,日粮中添加有效磷至0.4%,即可获得良好的疗效. 相似文献
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日粮不同有效磷水平对蛋雏鸡生长及组织钙磷含量的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选择 96只 1日龄健康的罗曼商品蛋鸡 ,随机分成 4个组 ,分别饲喂含有效磷为 0 1 1 %、0 2 %、0 4 %和 0 6 %的日粮。试验 30天。结果表明 ,低磷、高磷日粮显著降低增重和耗料量 (P <0 0 5) ;低磷日粮 ( 0 1 1 % )可导致雏鸡磷缺乏症及高死亡率 ,以生长迟缓、胸骨弯曲为早期的临床指征 ;试验至 1 0天 ,2、3组ACP活性显著高于 1、4组 (P <0 0 5)。试验至 30天 ,低磷日粮显著降低血浆磷含量(P <0 0 5)。试验至 1 0、2 0天 ,低磷日粮显著降低胫骨磷含量 (P <0 0 5)。血浆、胫骨磷水平可作为雏鸡磷缺乏症的早期实验室诊断指标。低磷日粮显著降低肾脏和胫骨钙含量 (P <0 0 5) ,表明低磷日粮对钙的代谢有不利的影响 相似文献
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低磷日粮对海兰褐蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用90只23周龄健康海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分为5个组,每组设3个重复,分别饲喂含非植酸磷为0.11%,0.15%,0.19%,0.23%和0.27%的日粮,研究低磷日粮对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响,试验期90d。结果表明,0.11%和0.15%%非植酸磷日粮组显著降低产蛋率、耗料量、蛋重、蛋壳钙磷和蛋黄磷脂含量(P<0.05),明显提高料蛋比(P<0.05);0.19%时非植酸磷显著增加蛋壳厚度和蛋壳重(P<0.05)。 相似文献
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缺磷日粮添加有机酸对蛋鸡生产性能、脂代谢、磷利用率及回肠微生物组分的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验旨在研究缺磷日粮添加有机酸对蛋鸡生产性能、脂代谢、磷利用率及回肠微生物组分的影响。选取健康、产蛋率相近的32周龄海兰褐蛋鸡1200只,试验采用2(低磷和高磷)×4(不添加有机酸、日粮分别添加5 g/kg柠檬酸、富马酸、丁酸)因子试验设计,试验分8组,每组5个重复,每个重复30只鸡。试验共进行12周(包含2周预饲期)。结果显示:日粮添加柠檬酸显著提高蛋重(P0.05),缺磷日粮组显著降低蛋重(P0.05),有机酸和日粮磷水平对产蛋率、蛋重和料蛋比的影响具有显著的交互效应(P0.05)。磷缺乏日粮(不添加有机酸)显著降低蛋壳厚度(P0.05),且有机酸和日粮磷水平对蛋壳厚度的影响有显著的交互效应(P0.05)。日粮添加有机酸显著增加蛋鸡血清高密度脂蛋白水平(P0.05),日粮磷水平和有机酸对蛋鸡血清胆固醇的影响具有显著的交互效应(P0.05)。磷缺乏日粮显著降低蛋鸡胫骨灰分和钙的含量(P0.05),磷缺乏日粮添加柠檬酸显著提高蛋鸡胫骨磷含量(P0.05)。日粮添加柠檬酸和富马酸显著提高蛋鸡回肠乳酸杆菌含量(P0.05)。结果表明:在本试验条件下,缺磷日粮添加柠檬酸和丁酸可提高蛋鸡产蛋率和蛋重,改善料重比。缺磷日粮添加有机酸可以提高蛋壳厚度及蛋鸡胫骨磷的含量。 相似文献
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将360只健康的1日龄AA肉鸡,雌雄各半,随机分成4个组,每组设3个重复.分别饲喂添加0,0.2%,0.4%和0.6%无机磷(以磷酸氨的形式添加)的基础日粮,试验30 d.研究高磷日粮在诱发肉用仔鸡TD病的过程中对其组织钙、磷含量的影响.试验结果表明,第10、20、30 d,高磷日粮(0.6%无机磷) 能显著降低胫骨钙含量(P<0.05).第20和30 d高磷日粮能显著降低胫骨、骨骺磷含量,能显著提高肝脏中钙磷的含量(P<0.05).第10 d,20 d血浆磷水平上升,第30 d下降.血浆钙水平在第20 d,第30 d显著升高(P<0.05).这表明,高磷日粮对钙、磷的代谢产生不利影响. 相似文献
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本研究选取4头体重(35±1.5)kg的杜长大(DLY)杂交去势生长猪,采用4×4拉丁方设计,分4期实施,每期7d(3 d预试期,4 d收粪期),研究微生物植酸酶(MP)及其分别与酸梅粉和柠檬酸组合对饲喂玉米-豆粕-米糠型饲粮猪的植酸磷和其他养分排泄的影响.4个处理日粮为①基础日粮组(NC),有效磷缺乏,其他养分满足NRC(1998);②NC 500U/kg植酸酶;③NC 500U/kg MP 1.5%酸梅粉;④NC 500U/kg MP 1.5%柠檬酸.结果显示①微生物植酸酶极显著降低粪中植酸磷、钙、磷和粗蛋白质含量(P＜0.01);酸梅粉能进一步显著(P＜0.05)降低植酸磷、钙和磷的粪排泄量;而柠檬酸仅有降低植酸磷、钙和磷的粪排泄量的趋势(P＞0.05).酸梅粉时植酸酶降低粪磷的作用效果强于柠檬酸(17.5%,P＜0.05).②微生物植酸酶降低猪粪中水溶性无机磷(WSP)(0.60%对0.47%,P＜0.05).微生物植酸酶结合酸梅粉使用使粪中WSP含量极显著降低(P＜0.01).酸梅粉能在添加植酸酶的基础上进一步显著降低植酸磷、钙和磷的粪排泄量.酸梅粉对植酸酶降低粪磷含量的增效作用强于柠檬酸. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究不同非植酸磷( NPP)水平对39~46周龄黄羽肉鸡父母代种鸡繁殖性能、胫骨指标和血浆生化指标的影响,探讨该阶段适宜磷供给量。试验选用39周龄岭南黄羽肉鸡父母代种母鸡810只,根据体重和产蛋率分为5个组,每组6个重复,每重复27只鸡。组1为对照组,饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮( NPP水平为0.30%),组2、3、4和5饲粮分别在基础饲粮中添加不同水平的磷酸氢钙,使饲粮NPP水平分别为0.35%、0.40%、0.45%和0.50%,其他营养成分各组基本一致。试鸡限饲122 g/(只·d),自由饮水。试验期8周。结果表明：1)试验期内, NPP水平未显著影响试鸡平均日增重、平均日产蛋量、料蛋比、平均蛋重和破蛋率(P>0.05),显著影响了产蛋率和不合格蛋率(P<0.05),0.45%组产蛋率显著高于0.30%和0.40%组(P<0.05),0.40%组不合格蛋率显著低于其余4组(P<0.05)。2)饲粮 NPP水平显著影响了试鸡39~40周龄种蛋长径、蛋短径、蛋形指数和蛋壳强度(P<0.05),显著影响了45~46周龄种蛋蛋壳强度( P<0.05)。3) NPP水平对种蛋孵化性能(受精率、孵化率、健雏率、健雏平均出壳重)无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)饲粮 NPP 水平显著增加了试鸡脱脂胫骨粗灰分中钙、磷含量(P<0.05)。5)0.40%和0.45%NPP组试鸡血浆甲状旁腺激素含量显著高于0.30%和0.35%组( P<0.05),0.50%组血浆降钙素含量显著高于其余4组( P<0.05)。综上,39~46周龄黄羽肉鸡父母代种母鸡饲粮NPP适宜水平为0.40%~0.45%,根据采食量计算得到每日NPP需要量为0.488~0.549 g。 相似文献
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Beran GW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):198-207
When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures. 相似文献
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Dekker A Dercksen D Snoep J van Wuyjckhuise L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2007,132(18):695-701
On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures. 相似文献
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在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。 相似文献
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近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。 相似文献
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