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Survey of the prevalence and methodology of quality assurance for B‐mode ultrasound image quality among veterinary sonographers 
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下载免费PDF全文 Larry P. Hoscheit Hock Gan Heng Chee Kin Lim Hsin‐Yi Weng 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2018,59(3):326-332
Image quality in B‐mode ultrasound is important as it reflects the diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic information provided during clinical scanning. Quality assurance programs for B‐mode ultrasound systems/components are comprised of initial quality acceptance testing and subsequent regularly scheduled quality control testing. The importance of quality assurance programs for B‐mode ultrasound image quality using ultrasound phantoms is well documented in the human medical and medical physics literature. The purpose of this prospective, cross‐sectional, survey study was to determine the prevalence and methodology of quality acceptance testing and quality control testing of image quality for ultrasound system/components among veterinary sonographers. An online electronic survey was sent to 1497 members of veterinary imaging organizations: the American College of Veterinary Radiology, the Veterinary Ultrasound Society, and the European Association of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, and a total of 167 responses were received. The results showed that the percentages of veterinary sonographers performing quality acceptance testing and quality control testing are 42% (64/151; 95% confidence interval 34–52%) and 26% (40/156: 95% confidence interval 19–33%) respectively. Of the respondents who claimed to have quality acceptance testing or quality control testing of image quality in place for their ultrasound system/components, 0% have performed quality acceptance testing or quality control testing correctly (quality acceptance testing 95% confidence interval: 0–6%, quality control testing 95% confidence interval: 0–11%). Further education and guidelines are recommended for veterinary sonographers in the area of quality acceptance testing and quality control testing for B‐mode ultrasound equipment/components. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVES: To compare the monotonic biomechanical properties and fatigue life of a broad, limited contact, dynamic compression plate (LC-DCP) fixation with a broad, dynamic compression plate (DCP) fixation to repair osteotomized equine 3rd metacarpal (MC3) bones. STUDY DESIGN: In vitro biomechanical testing of paired cadaveric equine MC3 with a mid-diaphyseal osteotomy, stabilized by 1 of 2 methods for fracture fixation. ANIMAL POPULATION: Twelve pairs of adult equine cadaveric MC3 bones. METHODS: Twelve pairs of equine MC3 were divided into 3 test groups (4 pairs each) for (1) 4-point bending single cycle to failure testing, (2) 4-point bending cyclic fatigue testing, and (3) torsional single cycle to failure testing. An LC-DCP (8-hole, 4.5 mm) was applied to the dorsal surface of 1 randomly selected bone from each pair. One DCP (8-hole, 4.5 mm broad) was applied dorsally to the contralateral bone from each pair. All plates and screws were applied using standard AO/ASIF techniques to MC3 bones that had mid-diaphyseal osteotomies. Mean test variable values for each method were compared using a paired t-test within each group. Significance was set at P<.05. RESULTS: The mean 4-point bending yield load, yield bending moment, composite rigidity, failure load, and failure bending moment of LC-DCP fixation were significantly greater (P<.01) than those of broad DCP fixation. Mean cycles to failure for 4-point bending was significantly (P<.001) greater for broad DCP fixation compared with broad LC-DCP fixation. Mean yield load, mean composite rigidity, and mean failure load in torsion was significantly (P<.02) greater for broad LC-DCP fixation compared with broad DCP fixation. CONCLUSION: Broad LC-DCP offers increased stability in static overload testing, however, it offers significantly less stability in cyclic fatigue testing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The clinical relevance of the cyclic fatigue data supports the conclusion that the broad DCP fixation is biomechanically superior to the broad LC-DCP fixation in osteotomized equine MC3 bones despite the results of the static overload testing. 相似文献
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Epstein KL Brainard BM Gomez-Ibanez SE Lopes MA Barton MH Moore JN 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2011,25(2):307-314
Background: Coagulopathies in horses with gastrointestinal disease are frequently identified and associated with morbidity and fatality. Objective: Determine if thrombelastography (TEG) identifies abnormalities associated with lesion type, presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), morbidity, and fatality more consistently than traditional coagulation testing. Animals: One‐hundred and one horses examined for gastrointestinal disease and 20 healthy horses. Methods: TEG, tissue factor (TF)‐TEG, and traditional coagulation panels parameters and percentages of horses with coagulopathies were compared for lesion type, presence of SIRS, complications, and survival. Results: Changes in individual parameters and increased incidence of coagulopathies were associated with fatality (R, P= .007; k‐value [K], P= .004; clot lysis [CL]30, P= .037; CL60, P= .050; angle [Ang], P= .0003; maximum amplitude [MA], P= .006; lysis [Ly]30, P= .042; Ly60, P= .027; CI, P= .0004; ≥ 2 TEG coagulopathies, P= .013; ≥ 3 TEG coagulopathies, P= .038; TF‐R, P= .037; TF‐K, P= .004; TF‐CL30, P < .0001; TF‐CL60, P < .0001; TF‐Ang, P= .005; TF‐Ly30, P= .0002; TF‐Ly60, P < .0001; TF‐CI, P= .043; ≥ 1 TF‐TEG coagulopathies, P= .003; ≥ 2 TF‐TEG coagulopathies, P= .0004; prothrombin tme [PT], P < .0001; activated partial throboplastin time [aPTT], P= .021), inflammatory lesions (MA, P= .013; TF‐CL30, P= .033; TF‐CL60, P= .010; TF‐Ly60, P= .011; ≥ 1 TF‐TEG coagulopathy, P= .036; ≥ 2 TF‐TEG coagulopathy, P= .0007; PT, P= .0005; fibrinogen, P= .019), SIRS (MA, P= .004; TF‐CL30, P= .019; TF‐CL60, P= .013; TF‐Ly30, P= .020; TF‐Ly60, P= .010; PT, P < .0001; aPTT, P= .032; disseminated intravascular coagulation, P= .005), and complications (ileus: aPTT, P= .020; diarrhea: TF‐CL30, P= .040; TF‐Ly30, P= .041; thrombophlebitis: ≥ 1 TF‐TEG coagulopathy, P= .018; laminitis: MA, P= .004; CL60, P= .045; CI, P= .036; TF‐MA, P= .019; TF‐TEG CI, P= .019). Abnormalities in TEG and TF‐TEG parameters were indicative of hypocoagulation and hypofibrinolysis. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: TEG identifies changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis associated with lesion type, SIRS, morbidity, and fatality in horses with gastrointestinal disease. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVES: To compare the monotonic biomechanical properties of a prototype equine third metacarpal dynamic compression plate (EM-DCP) fixation with a double broad dynamic compression plate (DCP) fixation to repair osteotomized equine third metacarpal (MC3) bones. STUDY DESIGN: In vitro biomechanical testing of paired cadaveric equine MC3 with a mid-diaphyseal osteotomy, stabilized by 1 of 2 methods for fracture fixation. POPULATION: Twelve pairs of adult equine cadaveric MC3 bones. METHODS: Twelve pairs of equine MC3 were divided into 3 test groups (4 pairs each) for (1) 4-point bending single cycle to failure testing, (2) 4-point bending cyclic fatigue testing, and (3) torsional testing. The EM-DCP (10-hole, 4.5 mm) was applied to the dorsal surface of one randomly selected bone from each pair. Two DCPs, 1 dorsally (10-hole, 4.5 mm broad) and 1 laterally (9-hole, 4.5 mm broad) were applied to the contralateral bone from each pair. All plates and screws were applied using standard AO/ASIF techniques to MC3 bones that had mid-diaphyseal osteotomies. Mean test variable values for each method were compared using a paired t-test within each group. Significance was set at P<.05. RESULTS: Mean 4-point bending yield load, yield bending moment, bending composite rigidity, failure load and failure bending moment of the EM-DCP fixation were significantly greater (P<.0001) than those of the double broad DCP fixation. Mean cycles to failure in 4-point bending of the EM-DCP fixation was significantly greater (P<.0008) than that of the double broad DCP fixation. Mean yield load, composite rigidity, and failure load in torsion of the EM-DCP fixation were significantly greater (P<.0035) than that of the double broad DCP fixation. CONCLUSION: The EM-DCP provides increased stability in both static overload testing and cyclic fatigue testing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results of this in vitro study support the conclusion that the prototype EM-DCP fixation is biomechanically superior to the double broad DCP fixation for the stabilization of osteotomized equine MC3. 相似文献
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概述了微卫星 DNA用于亲子鉴定的优点及存在的缺陷 ,并对未来的应用前景作了展望 相似文献
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K.J. Wardrop A. Birkenheuer M.C. Blais M.B. Callan B. Kohn M.R. Lappin J. Sykes 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2016,30(1):15-35
An update on the 2005 American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) Consensus Statement on blood donor infectious disease screening was presented at the 2015 ACVIM Forum in Indianapolis, Indiana, followed by panel and audience discussion. The updated consensus statement is presented below. The consensus statement aims to provide guidance on appropriate blood‐borne pathogen testing for canine and feline blood donors in North America. 相似文献
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通过对新型复合消毒剂——癸甲丙二醇氯铵复合碘抗病毒效果的定量试验和定性试验,结果表明,癸甲丙二醇氯铵复合碘（含碘50g／L）按1：500稀释,对猪瘟兔化弱毒和鸡新城疫病毒的灭活率均为100％,对新城疫病毒10min即达到完全灭活作用;按1：1000稀释对猪瘟兔化弱毒、鸡新城疫病毒及牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）的灭活率分别为99％、100％和100％,而1：1000稀释的聚维酮碘（含碘50g／L）对照灭活率为90％,癸甲丙二醇氯铵复合碘的抗病毒效果好于聚维酮碘。 相似文献
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G. Diane Shelton 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2010,39(3):278-295
Abstract: The diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases can be challenging. The first step is recognition that the disease involves the neuromuscular system (muscle, neuromuscular junction, peripheral nerve, and ventral horn cells of the spinal cord). Many neuromuscular diseases share clinical signs and cannot be distinguished based on clinical examination. Routine laboratory screening, including a CBC, biochemical profile, and urinalysis, can identify some of the most common systemic abnormalities that cause muscle weakness and myalgia, such as hypo‐ and hyperglycemia, electrolyte disorders, or thyroid abnormalities, and may suggest a specific diagnosis, such as diabetes mellitus, hypo‐ or hyperadrenocorticism, renal failure, or hypothyroidism. Increased creatine kinase activity, increased cardiac troponin I concentration, and myoglobinuria are useful in detecting skeletal and cardiac muscle damage. Identification of acetylcholine receptor antibodies is diagnostic for acquired myasthenia gravis. For primary muscle or peripheral nerve diseases, tissue biopsy is the most direct way to determine specific pathology, correctly classify the disease, and determine the course of additional laboratory testing. For example, inflammatory, necrotizing, dystrophic, metabolic, or congenital myopathies require different laboratory testing procedures for further characterization. Many neuromuscular diseases are inherited or breed‐associated, and DNA‐based tests may already be established or may be feasible to develop after the disorder has been accurately characterized. This review focuses on both routine and specialized laboratory testing necessary to reach a definitive diagnosis and determine an accurate prognosis for neuromuscular diseases. 相似文献
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Raditic DM Remillard RL Tater KC 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2011,95(1):90-97
This study evaluated four over the counter venison dry dog foods available from one on-line retail vendor for potential contamination with common known food allergens: soy, poultry or beef. An amplified, double sandwich type enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test of soy, poultry and beef proteins were performed by an independent accredited food laboratory. The ELISA test for poultry protein was found to be unreliable when testing in dry dog foods because false negatives occurred. ELISA testing of control diets for both soy and beef proteins performed as expected and could be useful in antigen testing in dry dog foods. Three of the four over the counter (OTC) venison canine dry foods with no soy products named in the ingredient list were ELISA positive for soy; additionally one OTC diet tested positive for beef protein with no beef products listed as an ingredient list. One OTC venison diet was not found to be positive for soy, poultry or beef proteins. However, none of the four OTC venison diets could be considered suitable for a diagnostic elimination trial as they all contained common pet food proteins, some of which were readily identifiable on the label and some that were only detected by ELISA. Therefore, if the four OTC venison products selected in this study are representative of OTC products in general, then the use of OTC venison dry dog foods should not be used during elimination trials in suspected food allergy patients. 相似文献
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鸭茅是世界著名的优质多年生牧草,为优化鸭茅DUS测试指南,制定符合我国国情的鸭茅DUS测试标准,根据UPOV鸭茅DUS测试指南相关内容,选取30个性状,对9个鸭茅品种(系) 连续两年DUS测试结果一致性进行了分析,结果表明除花序主轴基部分枝数外,其余6个质量性状一致性好;7个假质量性状在两个独立生长周期内,观测结果保持基本一致;在2年生长周期内3个数量性状:株高,倒二叶长,鲜重在9个品种(系)上差异均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),不同品种(系)在不同的数量性状上存在不同的差异,数量性状受环境影响大,数量性状的平均变异系数变幅26.3%(‘01472’,2013年)~48.2%(‘瓦纳’,2014年)。总体来说质量性状和假质量性状的一致性要高于数量性状。‘宝兴’、‘古蔺’、‘楷模’3个国审鸭茅品种年际间性状相对稳定,且稳定的数量性状较多,综合考虑可以把它们用作测试标准品种。 相似文献
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Barbara L. Dallap Schaer VMD DACVS DACVECC Kira Epstein DVM DACVS 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2009,19(1):53-65
Objective – To review the hemostasis literature relevant to development of coagulopathy in the critically ill equine patient.
Data Source – Original scientific and review articles.
Human Data Synthesis – Inflammation plays a critical role in the activation and amplification of clot formation, as well as the impairment of physiologic anticoagulant mechanisms, and fibrinolysis. Earlier identification of coagulopathy in patients at risk and restoration of physiologic hemostasis may result in better outcome. Development of scoring systems based on information other than coagulation markers alone may better identify patients with subclinical coagulopathy.
Veterinary Data Synthesis – Critically ill equine patients commonly at risk for coagulopathy include those with severe gastrointestinal disease, septic foals, and adults subjected to severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Publications provide information regarding coagulation markers helpful for identification of hemostatic dysfunction in specific patient populations, as well as information regarding the influence of coagulopathy on outcome. Data regarding clinically relevant information on therapeutic intervention are lacking.
Conclusions – The relationship between inflammation and endotoxemia and development of coagulopathy is better understood in both human patients and the critically ill equine patient. Prospective clinical trials evaluating clinically relevant and financially feasible approaches to treatment are still needed. 相似文献
Data Source – Original scientific and review articles.
Human Data Synthesis – Inflammation plays a critical role in the activation and amplification of clot formation, as well as the impairment of physiologic anticoagulant mechanisms, and fibrinolysis. Earlier identification of coagulopathy in patients at risk and restoration of physiologic hemostasis may result in better outcome. Development of scoring systems based on information other than coagulation markers alone may better identify patients with subclinical coagulopathy.
Veterinary Data Synthesis – Critically ill equine patients commonly at risk for coagulopathy include those with severe gastrointestinal disease, septic foals, and adults subjected to severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Publications provide information regarding coagulation markers helpful for identification of hemostatic dysfunction in specific patient populations, as well as information regarding the influence of coagulopathy on outcome. Data regarding clinically relevant information on therapeutic intervention are lacking.
Conclusions – The relationship between inflammation and endotoxemia and development of coagulopathy is better understood in both human patients and the critically ill equine patient. Prospective clinical trials evaluating clinically relevant and financially feasible approaches to treatment are still needed. 相似文献
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A. Parada A. Arana & L. Alfonso 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2007,124(4):208-213
In this study we applied equivalence testing methods to prove the absence of differences in genetic values of ewes with different PrP genotypes. In particular, the milk production genetic value equivalence of ARR ovine prion protein (PrP) genotypes was analysed. There is no scientific evidence implying that the performances and genetic values of different PrP genotypes will be different, but it is interesting to confirm that the performance of one genotype is indistinguishable from another before starting a genetic scrapie control programme. Genotyping was performed on 204 ewes from a Spanish population of Lacaune breed. Ewes were sampled from the lower and upper tails for the distribution of estimated breeding value (EBV) for standardized lactation. The conditional probability that the number of ARR alleles contained in the group of higher EBV was larger than that found in the group of lower EBV was found to be in the interval between the true value (1/2) and two different pre-specified bounds (0.1 and 0.2). The results evidence the equivalence of ARR PrP genotypes for milk production EBV, and lead to the conclusion that the average genetic values for milk production of Lacaune flocks considered will not be affected by the selection of ewe carriers of resistance scrapie alleles (p<0.05). 相似文献
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Breath hydrogen testing has a diagnostic potential as a gastrointestinal function test that could be performed in general practice. The purpose of this study was to improve techniques for collection of breath samples and transfer of samples to transport vessels. Breath samples from 10 dogs were collected using both a snug-fitting and a loose-fitting standard anesthetic mask attached to a reservoir bag, and a modified snug-fitting system. CO2 was used as internal standard and mean CO2 concentrations were 1.19 ± 0.76, 2.17 ± 0.66 and 2.68 ± 0.92, respectively. Additional samples were saved in transport tubes for 19 days, during which the hydrogen and carbon dioxide concentrations remained stable. A reliable method for transferring the breath samples from the reservoir bag to vacuum transport tubes was also identified. Our results demonstrate less contamination of breath samples with air than previously reported, and a reproducible method to transfer breath samples to transport vessels. 相似文献
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检测实验室仪器设备管理工作 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
根据兽药检验机构在实验室认可工作中实验室仪器设备的管理现状,结合检测和校准实验室能力认可准则,对检测实验室仪器设备的规范化管理进行了探讨. 相似文献