共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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采用拮抗酵母菌（美极梅奇酵母菌（Metschnikowia pulcherrima））单独处理或结合热水浸泡处理（55 ℃,30 s）冬枣果实, 研究在模拟货架条件下（24 ℃）贮藏7 d,不同处理对人工接种橘青霉或链格孢菌后冬枣伤口的腐烂率、病斑直径和对冬枣自然腐烂及贮藏品质的影响。结果表明,采用拮抗酵母菌单独处理及结合热水浸泡处理都可显著降低人工接种致病菌冬枣的腐烂率、病斑直径及减轻冬枣的自然腐烂程度,并能提高冬枣的贮藏品质,其中以美极梅奇酵母菌结合热水浸泡处理的效果最佳,是一种可替代化学杀菌剂控制冬枣果实采后腐烂的较理想的处理方法。 相似文献
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以鼠尾藻为原料提取多酚,研究海藻多酚处理对采后草莓腐烂的控制与贮藏品质的影响。结果表明,鼠尾藻海藻多酚单体组成主要为儿茶素、表儿茶素、儿茶酚、阿魏酸和芦丁,其质量浓度分别为1.95,9.60,43.98,0.63,0.23 mg/mL。总酚质量浓度为16 mg/mL的鼠尾藻提取物可100%抑制草莓灰霉菌(Botrytis cinerea)的生长。新鲜草莓经质量浓度10 mg/mL的海藻多酚处理并于(2±1)℃,90%~95%RH贮藏12 d后,其腐烂率和腐烂指数分别比对照低61.6%和52.5%,草莓硬度、可溶性固形物及VC含量均明显高于对照(p<0.05)。在常温刺伤接种和冷藏不接种Botrytis cinerea 2种条件下,海藻多酚处理的草莓苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性均明显高于对照(p<0.05)。结果表明,海藻多酚不但具有直接抗菌活性,可控制草莓的采后腐烂,而且能诱导草莓的采后抗病性,提高抗病相关酶活性,从而降低草莓果实的腐烂,保持草莓品质。 相似文献
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为研究1-甲基环丙烯(l-MCP)对杨梅果实贮藏期间衰老的影响,本试验以"东魁"杨梅为试材,以常规冷藏为对照,研究不同1-MCP处理浓度与处理时间对杨梅果实品质和活性氧代谢的影响.结果表明:l-MCP处理可有效降低杨梅果实采后腐烂率,抑制H2O2累积,缓解VC和GSH的降解,诱导SOD、CAT和POD活性的升高,且1.0μL/L 1-MCP处理24 h的效果最佳;贮藏15 d时,1.0μL/L 1-MCP熏蒸24 h组的果实腐烂率与H2O2含量较对照组分别下降了48.25个百分点和128.58 mmol/mg Pro,SOD、CAT、POD活性较对照组分别提高了56.89、3.04、195.00 U/mg Pro,GSH和VC含量分别升高了18.67 mg/mg Pro和7.71 mg/100 g.由此可见,1-MCP处理可通过提高杨梅果实的SOD、CAT、POD等抗氧化酶活性及GSH和VC含量以有效清除活性氧自由基,从而延缓杨梅果实采后衰老,延长其保鲜时间. 相似文献
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探讨低温贮藏结合GABA处理对樱桃番茄果实采后品质的影响,为寻找樱桃番茄采后保鲜新技术提供理论依据。本研究以‘粉娇’樱桃番茄为试材,设置清水浸渍+常温(25℃)贮藏、清水浸渍+低温(8℃)贮藏和GABA(500 mg/L)浸渍+低温(8℃)贮藏3个处理,在樱桃番茄16天的贮藏期内,调查果实腐烂率,测定果实呼吸强度、果实硬度、可溶性固形物、维生素C、柠檬酸和类胡萝卜素含量。结果表明,与常温(25℃)贮藏相比,低温及其结合GABA处理均显著降低了樱桃番茄果实贮藏期间的腐烂率,其中在贮藏16天时,防治效果分别达到了45.81%和63.11%,低温结合GABA处理优于单独低温贮藏。同时,低温结合GABA处理显著降低了果实的呼吸强度,延缓了果实硬度的降低,保持了较高的可溶性固形物、维生素C和柠檬酸含量,抑制了番茄红素、β-胡萝卜素和叶黄素的积累。因此,低温结合GABA处理可有效延缓樱桃番茄果实的腐烂和衰老,并能保持果实的采后品质,在樱桃番茄果实保鲜上具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
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为探究ε-聚赖氨酸（ε-PL）对金瓜贮藏期间质构特性及保鲜效果的影响,采用不同质量浓度的ε-PL(0、50、100、200、400、800 mg/L)浸泡处理崇金2号金瓜,然后置于（13±2）℃、相对湿度50%±5%的冷库中贮藏,并通过腐烂率、瓜皮、瓜肉和瓜丝的质构特性及主要营养品质的变化分析保鲜效果。结果表明：ε-PL处理可有效降低金瓜采后腐烂率,保持质构特性和营养品质。贮藏180 d期间,50 mg/L和100 mg/L ε-PL组的腐烂率显著低于CK组（P<0.05）,200 mg/L、400 mg/L和800 mg/L ε-PL组无腐烂金瓜。其中,100 mg/L组瓜皮色泽相对保持较好,且延缓了瓜皮、瓜肉和瓜丝硬度的下降,保持了瓜皮和瓜肉的脆性及瓜丝咀嚼性和蓬松度,降低了细胞壁组分纤维素的降解速率,食用品质良好且营养价值较高。因此,100 mg/L的ε-PL处理对金瓜的保鲜效果最好。 相似文献
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不同芽孢杆菌处理对杏采后保鲜效果及诱导抗性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为明确芽孢杆菌对杏采后保鲜效果和诱导抗性机理,以"金太阳"杏果实为试材,营养肉汤(NB)培养基和无菌水作为对照,采用3种芽孢杆菌(HB-2、B1、B271)处理液分别对杏果实进行采前10天喷施处理和采后浸泡处理,并测定其贮藏过程中的腐烂率、抗病性相关酶活性及营养品质指标。结果表明:采用芽孢杆菌采前喷施处理后的杏果实在贮藏过程中感官品质显著好于对照组(P0.05),且能有效降低果实腐烂率。采后浸泡芽孢杆菌处理也能有效降低腐烂率,HB-2和B1显著好于B271及对照组(P0.05)。在采前喷施和采后浸泡两种方式处理中,HB-2效果均好于其他处理。同时,芽孢杆菌能提高杏果实的多酚氧化酶(PPO)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性,增强果实抗病性,延缓果实衰老。在采后贮藏过程中,3种芽孢杆菌亦能显著减缓杏果实VC含量、可滴定酸含量及硬度的降低(P0.05),有效抑制丙二醛(MDA)的积累,维持果实品质。综合来看,芽孢杆菌处理在杏采后贮藏保鲜中具有较好潜力。 相似文献
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以德龙808红肉火龙果为试材,研究7种植物精油对采后火龙果常温贮藏的保鲜效果,筛选出具有防腐作用的植物精油。结果表明,常温贮藏8 d后,香芹酚(15μL/L、25μL/L)、丁香花蕾油(10μL/L、15μL/L)和丁香叶油(20μL/L)对采后火龙果具有一定的防腐作用;其中,香芹酚精油效果最显著。同时,通过分析火龙果的蛋白质、可溶性糖、VC和甜菜素含量发现,25μL/L香芹酚处理能够使火龙果采后贮藏保持较高的果实品质。综上所述,香芹酚精油在火龙果绿色保鲜剂开发中具有较大的应用前景。 相似文献
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为研究不同浓度茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)处理对采后杏果实品质的影响,分别采用0、10、100μmol/L茉莉酸甲酯处理杏,定期测定其硬度、腐烂指数、可溶性固形物(TSS)含量、可滴定酸(TA)含量、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和过氧化物酶(POD)活性。结果表明:MeJA处理可提高贮藏期间杏果实的CAT活性,抑制POD和PPO活性,同时降低果实的腐烂,在延缓果实软化速度的同时还提高了果实的风味和品质,对杏果TSS含量无太大影响。其中10μmol/L MeJA处理对采后杏果实的保鲜效果最佳。 相似文献
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为探究采前处理对蟠枣果实采后贮藏品质的影响,以新疆主栽鲜食品种蟠枣为研究对象,分别于果实花期、幼果期、膨大期、着色期采用清水(CK)、10 g/L氯化钙(CaCl2)、100 mmol/L水杨酸(SA)和10 g/L CaCl2+100 mmol/L SA进行采前喷施处理,采收后置于常温货架贮藏,每天统计果实的转红率、转红指数、腐烂率和失重率,测定果实的可溶性固形物含量、硬度和色泽等指标。结果表明：采前喷施CaCl2、SA和CaCl2+SA均可一定程度上抑制蟠枣的转红和腐烂,使其保持较低的失重率,使果实维持较高的可溶性固形物含量和硬度,保持较好的色泽,其中,10 g/L CaCl2+100 mmol/L SA采前处理效果最佳,常温货架8 d时,果实的转红率和腐烂率分别较对照低23.34个百分点和36.66个百分点,失重率仅为1.68%,果实可溶性固形物含量维持在21.47%,硬度为9.45 kg/cm2,保持较好的商品性。综上,采前喷施10 g/L CaC... 相似文献
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三种杀菌剂对火龙果采后生理和品质的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以白肉火龙果为材料,研究丙环唑、咪酰胺、苯醚甲环唑处理对火龙果腐烂和保鲜的影响。结果表明,咪鲜胺处理显著降低了火龙果贮藏期间的腐烂(P0.05),提高了SOD和POD(贮藏6 d除外)活性,极显著抑制了H_2O_2积累和贮藏前4天的O-2·含量及贮藏6 d的APX活性(P0.01),减缓了细胞膜透性的增加,并对CAT活性、TSS和总As A含量无显著影响;丙环唑处理显著降低了火龙果贮藏期间的腐烂(P0.05),但加速了H_2O_2和O-2·的积累;苯醚甲环唑处理显著提高了果实中SOD活性和POD活性(P0.05),抑制了H_2O_2和O-2·的积累,但加速了果实的腐烂。 相似文献
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以“金冠”苹果果实为材料,采后用不同浓度核黄素溶液浸泡处理,研究其对损伤接种青霉(Penicillium expansum)果实的控制效果及果实苯丙烷代谢途径、活性氧代谢关键酶活性和产物含量的影响。结果表明,低浓度的核黄素处理可显著降低损伤接种P.expansum果实的病斑直径,其中以1.0 mmol/L核黄素处理效果最佳。同时,1.0 mmol/L核黄素处理显著提高了果实过氧化氢酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶及过氧化物酶活性,促进了过氧化氢、总酚、类黄酮和木质素的积累。由此表明,采后核黄素处理通过激活苯丙烷途径和活性氧代谢诱导苹果对青霉病的抗性。 相似文献
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为研究不同浓度氯化钙处理对采后蓝莓品质的影响,本试验分别采用15、30 g/L的氯化钙及去离子水(对照)浸泡处理采后蓝莓10 min,并于4℃下贮藏。以14 d为1个测定周期,对采后蓝莓果实的基本生理指标、原果胶和可溶性果胶含量、抗性相关酶活性、超氧阴离子自由基清除能力和总抗氧化能力进行测定。结果表明:与对照组相比,氯化钙处理可延缓采后蓝莓果实腐烂率、失重率的上升,抑制硬度、可溶性固形物含量、原果胶含量的下降,降低呼吸强度以及多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性,诱导过氧化氢酶(CAT)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性,提升超氧阴离子自由基清除能力及总抗氧化能力。氯化钙处理对采后蓝莓果实有较好的保鲜效果,且以15 g/L氯化钙处理效果最佳。 相似文献
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以玫瑰香葡萄为试材,采用不同浓度的纳他霉素处理,研究了常温(20℃)下葡萄的贮藏品质和酶活性的变化。结果表明,质量浓度为0.5g/L的纳他霉素可以抑制采后葡萄果粒和果梗的致病霉菌,显著降低落粒率和腐烂率,保持葡萄果实硬度,维持其低水平的呼吸强度。同时可以降低果实PPO,POD,PAL的活性,延长葡萄贮藏寿命,提高葡萄贮藏品质和安全性。 相似文献
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Postharvest decay of pear fruit often originates at small wounds that occur during harvest and handling. Experiments were conducted to characterize the effect of timing of application of postharvest decay control materials, and to evaluate sequential postharvest applications of fungicides or fungicides and biocontrol agents. Fungicides and biocontrol agents were increasingly less effective when the period between harvest and application was prolonged. Thiabendazole (TBZ) applied to fruit without artificial wounding or inoculation effectively reduced decay when applied within 3 weeks or 6 weeks in 2 years of study. TBZ, fludioxonil, and pyrimethanil were effective in controlling decay at artificial wounds inoculated with Penicillium expansum up to 14 d after inoculation. Application of TBZ at harvest followed 3 weeks later by application of fludioxonil was superior to application of TBZ at harvest alone. Three yeast and one bacterial biocontrol agents reduced decay at pear wounds inoculated with P. expansum up to 14 d after inoculation with P. expansum, but were ineffective when applied at 28 d after inoculation. Of possible sequential arrangements of fungicide and biocontrol treatments, application of the most effective material promptly after harvest generally resulted in the highest level of decay control. 相似文献
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Yan Zhao Kang Tu Xingfeng Shao Wei Jing Zipeng Su 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2008,49(1):113-120
The yeast Pichia guilliermondii was examined for its ability to control Rhizopus nigricans on tomato fruit during storage, and in order to highlight the reason for biocontrol, a possible mode of action is discussed. Results showed that autoclaved yeast culture and culture filtrate had no effect on controlling the postharvest disease caused by R. nigricans, although inoculation of P. guilliermondii prior to R. nigricans resulted in enhanced biocontrol efficacy. Moreover, rapid colonization of the yeast on wound sites was observed during the initial 3 days at 20 °C, and then the population stabilized for the remaining 4 days. This phenomenon indicated that at room temperature, P. guilliermondii could acclimatize itself to the environment of tomato fruit wounds and occupy the living space quickly. The results indicate that P. guilliermondii did not produce an antifungal substance, however, competition for nutrients and space on wounds appeared to play a role in the activity of the biocontrol and could be one of the mechanisms. In addition, the fruit inoculated with P. guilliermondii demonstrated changes in peroxidase (POD), polyphenoloxidase (PPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chitinase (CHI) and β-1,3-glucanase activities, all of which were correlated with the onset of induced resistance. This result suggests that tomato fruit is capable of responding to the yeast P. guilliermondii, which could activate defensive enzymes and thereby induce host disease resistance. 相似文献
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Fernando Alferez Yolanda Lluch Jacqueline K. Burns 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2008,49(1):69-76
The role of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity in development of postharvest peel pitting in mature ‘Fallglo’ tangerines [Bower citrus hybrid (Citrus reticulata Blanco × C. reticulata Blanco × C. paradisi Macf.) × Temple (C. reticulata Blanco × Citrus sinensis L.)] and ‘Navel’ oranges (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) was investigated. Changes in RH from 30% to 90% followed by fruit waxing increased electrolyte leakage and PLA2 activity in flavedo, and induced pitting. Treatment with an aqueous dip of aristolochic acid (AT), a specific inhibitor of secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) activity, immediately before transfer from 30% to 90% RH storage, markedly reduced peel pitting symptoms. Five genes encoding various phospholipase As isolated from citrus (three patatin-like and two sPLA2-like sequences) differentially accumulated in healthy areas, areas with developing lesions and necrotic lesions of disordered fruit. Other PLA2, phospholipase C, and phospholipase D inhibitors also reduced peel pitting; however, PLA2 inhibitors were the most effective in preventing the disorder. In addition, phospholipase inhibitors promoted fruit decay, suggesting that innate resistance is impacted by phospholipase action. Together, the results provide evidence for involvement of phospholipase activity in development of postharvest peel pitting symptoms in citrus fruit. 相似文献