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膜蛋白是禽传染性支气管炎病毒的主要结构蛋白,可能存在着具有重要免疫作用的抗原决定簇,能诱导细胞介导的免疫反应,但其免疫生物学功能尚不清楚.本研究选择禽传染性支气管炎病毒中国分离株SAIBWJ,通过RT-PCR扩增获得其膜蛋白基因M基因并插入到PGEM-T载体中,获得重组质粒PGEM-M,将重组质粒中的克隆片段进行序列测定及分析.对PGEM-M进行双酶切获得M基因片段,克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)中,通过菌落PCR、双酶切证明获得了M基因的真核表达质粒.利用DNAstar软件将IBV SAIBwj株的膜蛋白基因的核苷酸序列与GenBank中的国内外参考毒株进行比较,其核苷酸序列的同源率为91.6%～98.8%,氨基酸序列的同源率为91.6%～99.6%.糖基化位点的增加和减少对M蛋白的抗原性产生很大的影响.在M蛋白近N端含有两个糖基化位点,第一个跨膜疏水区距离亲水区大约20个氨基酸.SAIBwjM基因核苷酸、氨基酸进化关系可以看出,SAIBwjM与国内外参考株的同源性均较高,因此可能具有交叉保护性抗原,可望用于制备诊断试剂及制备基因工程疫苗.由于IBV变异较大,常规疫苗不能产生完全保护力.在IBV的免疫保护机制中,细胞免疫起着关键的作用,近年来一些研究者已经进行了IBVDNA疫苗的研究,并取得了一定的进展.IBV的S1基因真核表达质粒可同时诱导机体形成针对IBV的细胞免疫和体液免疫反应,由于S1基因经骨骼肌细胞内源性表达后主要通过MHCI类分子提呈抗原,特别有利于CD8+细胞毒T淋巴细胞的激活,对IBV免疫保护极有意义.陈洪岩等将鸡传染性支气管炎病毒肾型T株S1基因cDNA连接于pcDNA3构建了真核表达质粒,经肌肉注射免疫SPF鸡后血清IgG抗体逐渐升高,至35日龄左右达到高峰,但血清IgG抗体升高幅度不及IB油苗.质粒DNA免疫攻毒后有40%的鸡可耐过强毒的攻击,说明S1基因在体内获得了表达并使鸡产生了一定的免疫力.刘思国等将鸡传染性支气管炎HB株的核蛋白基因(N基)亚克隆到pcDNA3,构建了真核表达质粒pcDNA-N.用该质粒两次免疫SPF雏鸡一周后进行攻毒试验,结果保护率为40%,表明N蛋白介导的细胞免疫在抗感染中发挥了作用.现在的DNA疫苗研究主要集中在免疫原性较高的N基因和S基因,对免疫原性较低的M基因的研究,国内未见报道.国外有报道M蛋白也能刺激机体产生低水平的抗体,M蛋白上可能存在着具有重要免疫作用的抗原决定簇,本研究将为进一步研究M基因的免疫原性及其在IBV中的作用基础材料. 相似文献
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根据GenBank已发表的传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)全基因组序列设计引物,对793/B型IBV分离毒株TA03M基因进行克隆与序列分析.结果表明,793/B型IBV的M基因由669 bp组成,与GenBank已发表的15株IBV的M基因相比较,793/B型IBV的M基因在第4～15位发生了3～12个核苷酸的缺失,对应1～4个氨基酸的缺失,共有30多处点突变.与其他各毒株M基因的核苷酸同源性为84.2%～93.6%,氨基酸同源性为82.1%～96.0%;进化分析显示TA03株与H52和IBN毒株之间的亲缘关系较近.该研究为进一步探讨793/B型IBV M基因(蛋白)在遗传变异和免疫等方面的作用奠定了理论基础. 相似文献
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利用设计的1对特异性引物,通过RT-PCR方法扩增出4株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)安徽地方分离株膜蛋白M基因全长片段并进行了克隆测序。将各IBV安徽地方分离株与GenBank中注册的一些毒株M基因核苷酸序列及推导的氨基酸序列进行比较和系统进化关系分析,发现毒株间核苷酸序列同源性为88.5%~100%,其相应的氨基酸序列同源性为90.3%~100%;不同毒株间存着重组、缺失、插入及点突变等变异,从ATG至第140 bp区段的核苷酸序列变异频率最高;4株分离毒株属于同一个进化群的2个不同进化亚群,与我国常用疫苗毒株H120、M41和W 93不属同一个进化亚群。 相似文献
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河北省沧州市某养鸡场饲养的510日龄蛋鸡发生急性上呼吸道疫病。为确定病因,采集发病鸡气管组织样品处理后接种鸡胚,利用特异性引物进行禽传染性喉气管炎病毒（ILTV）、禽传染性支气管炎病毒、新城疫病毒、J型禽白血病病毒等有关病原的PCR扩增,结果从接种病毒的鸡胚绒毛尿囊液中只扩增出ILTV gD基因片段（1 133 bp）,将分离的毒株命名为Hebei2021株;将分离株扩增产物连接载体构建质粒,测序后进行核苷酸序列同源性分析、氨基酸序列比对,并对分离株及参考株gD基因序列进行遗传进化分析,利用在线预测服务器预测gD蛋白二级结构及糖基化位点。结果显示：分离株与国内外参考株及疫苗株gD基因的核苷酸同源性均在99.0%以上,与参考毒株相比仅极个别氨基酸序列位点发生突变;分离株与江苏省分离株之外的国内其他分离株均在同一进化分支上,与疫苗株相比其糖基化位点并未发生突变。结果表明,此次河北省分离株gD基因较为保守,变异程度较低,当前疫苗对ILTV依然有较好的免疫保护力。本研究为禽传染性喉气管炎的流行病学调查和疫苗选择提供了参考。 相似文献
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鸡传染性支气管炎病毒中国地方分离株M基因的分子特征 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
本实验根据已经发表的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）M基因序列设计并合成一对引物，利用RT－PCR扩增得到了IBM新疆分离株LX4株（HA价为2^7)M基因678bp的片段，将该片段克隆到PUC18载体上，通过对所得到的重组质粒进行酶切分析，PCR鉴定，证明得到了含有目的基因片段的阳性重组质粒。采用Sanger's双脱氧末端终止法对插入片段进行核苷酸序列测定，获得了IBV－LX4株M基因的核苷酸序列，利用DNASIS分析软件，将它与GENBANK中发表的15株国外参考毒株相比较，发现核苷酸的同源性（除D1466和DE072外）为85％－92％，氨基酸的同源性为83％－92％，与国内参考株（H52－GD）相比分别为90％和92％，确证我们得到的克隆片段为IBV－LX4株的M基因，且含有两个糖基化位点，9个高度保守的半胱氨酸，三个跨膜区域，与国外的报道一致。 相似文献
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对1993－2010年从中国不同地区分离的63株传染性支气管炎病毒(infectious bronchitis virus,IBV)野毒株,采用RT-PCR方法克隆测定所分离野毒株的M基因核苷酸序列,并与GenBank中公布的部分国内外IBV毒株的M基因序列进行比较分析,研究中国IBV的分子流行病学特点和分子遗传变异规律。结果显示,所测毒株M基因具有6种不同长度的开放阅读框,这些长度的差异是由于5'端的核苷酸插入或缺失造成的;N端含有1~2个N-糖基化位点,其中1个糖基化位点"Asn-Cys-Thr"(NCT)是高度保守的。63个IBV分离株间氨基酸序列相似性为88.9%~100%,分离株与参考株间相似性为87.2%~100%。系统进化分析结果显示,本研究的63个IBV分离株可分为9个基因型,2005－2010年IBV中国流行株大部分与Mass型疫苗株处于不同的基因型,而且氨基酸序列相似性都小于94%。 相似文献
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鸡传染性支气管炎病毒中国地方分离株膜蛋白基因的克隆及序列分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究选取有代表意义的9株鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）国内分离株．利用所设计的一对特异引物，通过RT—PCR的方法成功地扩增了膜蛋白基因即M基因全长片段．通过克隆、序列测定获得了9个分离毒株M基因的全长核苷酸序列。并将各IBV国内分离株与GenBank中注册的一些毒株的M基因核苷酸序列及推导的氨基酸序列进行比较、系统进化关系分析发现：IBV中国地方分离毒株大部分属于Mass型；不同毒株间存着重组、缺失、插入及点突变等变异，从ATG至第150bp区段的核苷酸序列变异频率最高；IBV中国地方分离株M基因的变异属于高频率的同义突变；国内的IBV分离株分为两个基因群，1群分离毒株与GenBank中Mass型的毒株亲缘关系较近．毒株间核苷酸序列同源性为95．7%～100％，其相应的氨基酸序列同源性为98．2%～100%；Ⅱ群分离毒株与众多参考毒株的亲缘关系都比较远，毒株间彼此核苷酸序列同源性为89．7％～91．9%，氮基酸序列同源性为92．0-96．0%。 相似文献
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Nadine Pa?lack Barbara Mainzer Monika Lahrssen-Wiederholt Helmut Schafft Richard Palavinskas Angele Breithaupt Jürgen Zentek 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(1):57-66
This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and lead (Pb) in canine liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla, and the association of these concentrations with age, gender, and occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tissues from 50 dogs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cu, Zn, and Mn levels were highest in the liver followed by the renal cortex and renal medulla. The highest Sr, Cd, and Se concentrations were measured in the renal cortex while lower levels were found in the renal medulla and liver. Female dogs had higher tissue concentrations of Sr (liver and renal medulla), Cd (liver), Zn (liver and renal cortex), Cr (liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla), and Pb (liver) than male animals. Except for Mn and Sb, age-dependent variations were observed for all element concentrations in the canine tissues. Hepatic Cd and Cr concentrations were higher in dogs with CKD. In conclusion, the present results provide new knowledge about the storage of specific elements in canine liver and kidneys, and can be considered important reference data for diagnostic methods and further investigations. 相似文献
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Breed differences for weight (CW), height (CH), and condition score (CS) were estimated from records (n = 12,188) of 2- to 6-yr-old cows (n = 744) from Cycle IV of the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center's Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program. Cows were produced from mating Angus and Hereford dams to Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers sires. Samples of Angus and Hereford sires were 1) reference sires born from 1962 through 1970 and 2) 1980s sires born in 1980 through 1987. The mixed model included cow age, season of measurement and their interactions, year of birth, pregnancy-lactation code (PL), and breedgroup as fixed effects for CW and CS. Analyses of weight adjusted for condition score included CS as a linear covariate. The model for CH excluded PL. Random effects were additive genetic and permanent environmental effects associated with the cow. Differences among breed groups were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits and were maintained through maturity with few interchanges in ranking. The order of F1 cows for weight was as follows: Charolais (506 to 635 kg for different ages), Shorthorn and Salers, reciprocal Hereford-Angus (HA) with 1980s sires, Nellore, HA with reference sires, Galloway, Piedmontese, and Longhorn (412 to 525 kg for different ages). Order for height was as follows: Nellore (136 to 140 cm), Charolais, Shorthorn, Salers, HA with 1980s sires, Piedmontese, Longhorn, Galloway and HA with reference sires (126 to 128 cm). Hereford and Angus cows with reference sires were generally lighter than those with 1980s sires. In general, breed differences for height followed those for weight except that F1 Nellore cows were tallest, which may in part be due to Bos taurus-Bos indicus heterosis for size. 相似文献
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In experiment 1, 6 pregnant mares received a concentrate that contained a trace mineral premix that provided 14.3 mg Cu, 40 mg Zn, 28 mg Fe, 28 mg Mn, 0.08 mg Co, 0.16 mg I, and 0.16 mg Se/kg concentrate (group A). Seven mares received the same concentrate plus 502 mg Zn and 127 mg Cu once daily (group B). No differences (P > .05) in foal growth data, or Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum were observed. In experiment 2, 6 pregnant mares received the same concentrate as group A (group C), and 8 mares received the same concentrate fortified with 4× the trace mineral premix (group D). Group C mares had higher serum Zn concentration at 1 day (P < 0.01) and 56 days (P < 0.04). Group C mares had higher milk Fe concentration at 28 days (P < .01), and group D mares had higher milk Cu concentration at 56 days (P < .01). Group C foals had higher serum Cu concentration at 14 days (P < .03). The results from this study provide no evidence to indicate that supplementing late gestating and lactating mares with higher dietary trace mineral levels than those recommended currently by NRC has any influence on foal growth and development, or on the Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of the mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum. 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2019,(18):54-58
应用电感耦合等离子-质谱技术(ICP-MS),建立饲料中钠、镁、铬、锰、铁、铜、锌、砷、硒、镉和铅等元素的测定方法。对饲料样品的前处理方法、仪器工作参数和11种元素标准曲线进行优化;并以加标回收、分析方法比对和重复测试说明方法的准确性和精密性。方法在0～1 000 ng/ml范围内线性良好,仪器检出限为0.557 7～5.072 ng/ml,具有良好的精密度,其回收率在88.1%～104.4%之间,相对标准偏差小于5.0%。同时与原子吸收和原子荧光方法进行比对,测定结果相近。所建立的方法简单、快速,可替代原子吸收和原子荧光方法测定饲料中的11种金属元素,为饲料的质量控制提供理想的元素分析方法。 相似文献
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K Reifenberg M Stahl U L?sch 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1989,36(3):191-198
A simple two step procedure for the isolation of caprine, ovine, bovine, equine, canine, porcine and human peripheral blood granulocytes is described. After enrichment of granulocytes by centrifugation, contaminating erythrocytes are lysed hypotonically. Recovery, purity, and viability of the granulocyte suspensions are determined. FACScan analysis of the cell suspensions measuring cellular size by forward and sideward light scatter is compared with the corresponding analysis of whole blood leukocytes. Constituencies of the isolated cell suspensions and loss of granulocyte subpopulations through isolation procedure is discussed with regard to granulocyte function assays. 相似文献
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《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2017,26(2):295-306
The present context investigated the comparative study on the supplementation of antibiotic, probiotic, organic acid, vitamin C, and herbal extract after vaccination into drinking water and their effects on performance, carcass quality, blood biochemical parameters, immune system, and intestinal flora in broiler chicks for 42 days. A total of 420 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly assigned into 7 treatments with 3 replicates (pens) per treatment and 20 male chicks for each replicate (pen). The experimental treatments consisted of drinking water (control, without additive); drinking water + antibiotic sulfamet; drinking water + C-Vet-50; drinking water + antibiotic sulfamet + C-Vet-50; drinking water + probiotic Primalac; drinking water + butyric acid; and drinking water + extract of Echinacea purpurea Moench (coneflower). There were no differences observed among the treatments for feed intake, but during the whole experimental period, the highest body weight gain was found in the chicks fed with drinking water + antibiotic sulfamet + 50 cc vitamin C (P < 0.05). There were no differences (P > 0.05) observed among the treatments for feed conversion ratio (P > 0.05). Moreover, there were no differences reported among treatments for carcass characteristics at the end of the experiment. Among the treatments, drinking water + 50 cc vitamin C, and drinking water + extract of E. purpurea reduced (P < 0.05) the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoproteins. Drinking water + 50 cc vitamin C, drinking water + Primalac, and drinking water + extract of E. purpurea increased (P < 0.05) the lymphocytes count and decreased the heterophils count and heterophil:lymphocyte ratio. The highest Escherichia coli count and lowest Lactobacillus count in ileal content of the broilers were observed in the control group (P < 0.05). The additives used in this study may be incorporated in the drinking water of broiler chickens as growth promoters and for improved performance. A further, wider supplementation study is required to understand the performance, immune system, variation in the intestinal microbial counts, and any other possible alteration in the intestinal biota of the broilers. 相似文献
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《The Journal of small animal practice》1975,16(1-12):143-154
Circular excised skin wounds in the thoracic and metatarsal regions of the dog were studied. A similar sequence of events took place in the two regions although differences did occur due to the different reactions of the tissues which surrounded the wounds. None of the wound cavities became filled with exudate during the early stages of healing. In the thoracic wounds the cavities were largely filled by the swelling and inward movement of adipose tissue. Epithelium first grew on the wound surface in the sector of the wound that was situated in the direction of hair flow. The average time to complete epithelization was similar in both sets of wounds. A zone of alopecia developed around the wounds. 相似文献