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郑巴磋 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2018,(3)
正巴氏杆菌病是由巴氏杆菌病(Pm)引起的人类、多种野生动物以及畜禽的一类传染病的总称,炎性出血、败血症是动物急性病例的重要特征。巴氏杆菌病在世界范围内广泛分布,可在同种动物或不同种动物中交互感染,也会导致人的感染,一般是由于被动物咬伤致病。巴氏杆菌病传播的自然媒介主要是蝉以及跳蚤等昆虫。本文主要介绍牛感染巴氏杆菌病的防治,为研究巴氏杆菌病高效疫苗提供一点依据和参考。1牛巴氏杆菌病的分型 相似文献
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多杀性巴氏杆菌病研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
多杀性巴氏杆菌(P.multocida)是引起多种畜禽巴氏杆菌病(pasteurellosis)的病原菌,主要引起动物发生出血性败血病或传染性肺炎。动物之间相互传染,人被动物咬伤可感染。畜禽巴氏杆菌病的防治主要使用多杀性巴氏杆菌疫苗.目前防制巴氏杆菌病的疫苗主要有强毒灭活菌苗、弱毒菌苗和亚单位疫苗,这些疫苗在一定程度上对巴氏杆菌病的防治起到了一定的作用,但由于多杀性巴氏杆菌的血清型多,免疫效果也不理想,有关巴氏杆菌病防治还有待进一步研究。本文就多杀性巴氏杆菌的毒力因子、免疫原等进行综合阐述。 相似文献
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牛巴氏杆菌病是病源菌侵入牛体,进入血液,从而引起病牛高热、肺炎、急性胃肠炎及内脏器官广泛性出血传染病。在雨水较多、潮湿、拥挤、寒冷、闷热、气候骤变季节容易暴发。西盟是牛巴氏杆菌病老疫区,笔者曾在西盟对牛巴氏杆菌病诊治、防控工作,针对牛巴氏杆菌病病源、症状、病理剖检变化的分析,结合西盟县牛巴氏杆菌病流行特点,提出防治措施。 相似文献
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兔巴氏杆菌病的诊断要点及综合防控措施 《畜牧与饲料科学》2015,36(8):119-119
兔巴氏杆菌病由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起,临床症状表现为败血症、传染性鼻炎、流行性肺炎等,是严重危害养兔业的重要传染病之一。对兔巴氏杆菌病的病原特征、诊断方法及防控措施进行了阐述,以期为养兔场科学防控巴氏杆菌病提供参考。 相似文献
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巴氏杆菌病主要是由多杀性巴氏杆菌所引起的各种家畜、家禽和野生动物的一种传染病。多杀性巴氏杆菌对人也有致病性。关于巴氏杆菌在同种畜(禽)相互感染问题,说法都大同小异,而对巴氏秆菌在畜、禽之间相互感染问题,却是语焉不详。关于巴氏杆菌病在畜、禽之间的交互感染的介绍和报道极为少见。为了丰富这方面的资料,我们将猪、鸡交互感染巴氏杆菌病一例报道于 相似文献
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羊巴氏杆菌病也称羊出血性败血病,是由多杀性巴氏杆菌和溶血性巴氏杆菌引起的一种传染性疾病。近日笔者接治一起并确诊为羊巴氏杆菌病的病例,报道如下。 相似文献
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益生菌剂对仔猪肠道菌群的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究益生菌剂对仔猪肠道菌群的影响,选择60头7.5 kg左右的"杜洛克猪×长白猪×大白猪"原种猪,随机分成2组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头。将仔猪分为试验组和对照组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂基础日粮+0.1%益生菌剂,检测各组仔猪生产性能及肠道菌群等。试验结果表明,益生菌制剂能显著降低仔猪腹泻率(P<0.05),促进仔猪的生长;大肠杆菌和肠球菌是仔猪肠道非常住菌群(过路菌),乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、产气荚膜梭菌为常住菌群;益生菌剂能极显著减少仔猪肠道的好氧菌(P<0.01),极显著增加仔猪肠道的厌氧菌、双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌(P<0.01),显著降低仔猪肠道的产气荚膜梭菌(P<0.05)。因此,饲料中添加益生菌剂能有效改善仔猪肠道菌群。 相似文献
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本研究通过采用高通量测序、平板筛选、16S rDNA序列分析、特异性碳源培养和牛津杯法,从哺乳期健康仔猪的粪便中筛选分离和鉴定乳杆菌,并进行其利用表乳糖生长特性以及抑制仔猪腹泻相关致病菌活性的试验研究,探索表乳糖定向调控仔猪肠道乳杆菌增殖的可能性。结果表明:从7~10日龄哺乳期健康仔猪的粪便样品中分离出9株乳杆菌,其中唾液乳杆菌、卷曲乳杆菌、淀粉乳杆菌具有较强利用表乳糖的能力,在以2%表乳糖为唯一碳源的MRS培养基中显现出良好的生长态势,而且其培养上清液对大肠杆菌(猪源)、猪霍乱沙门氏菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌、宋氏志贺氏菌以及金黄色葡萄球菌具有较好的抑菌活性。 相似文献
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Two hundred and six mature sows were used to evaluate the effect of adding a total of 3 kg of fat to sow diets for an average of eight days before and seven days after parturition on piglet viability and performance.The addition of fat to the diet of sows had no effect on the percentage of piglets born alive, individual piglet birth weight, weight of the piglet at three weeks of age or the weaning to service interval in the sows. However, there was a significant increase in piglet survival (3.4%) between treated and control sows. Birth weight had a marked effect on piglet survival but there was no indication of a greater effect of added fat in the sows' diet on the survival of smaller piglets. A number of piglets were cross-fostered but fostering had no effect on piglet mortality. A comparison of the mortality of piglets born from sows receiving added fat and reared on controls and vice versa indicated that the major benefits of additional fat in the sow diet were effected in utero rather than via an increase in the quality of the sows' milk. 相似文献
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This study is based on 12708 first-parity and 7062 second-parity Yorkshire litters from Swedish nucleus herds; and on 1037 first-parity Yorkshire litters from an experimental herd. Gestation length was analysed together with litter size, piglet mortality and average piglet growth rate. A sire–dam model was used to estimate direct (litter) and maternal (sow) genetic effects. Direct heritability for gestation length was 0.3. Maternal heritability was estimated at 0.2 in nucleus data and 0.3 in experimental data. The maternal genetic correlation between gestation length and litter size was negative. The genetic correlations between gestation length and number stillborn were not consistent between the two data sets. Genetic correlations between gestation length and number dead after birth were negative. Genetic correlations between gestation length and average birth weight and piglet growth rate were positive. We conclude that gestation length is influenced by the genotype of the piglets and the genotype of the sow. Selection for prolonged gestation would probably improve piglet survival after birth and piglet growth; it might, however, result in more stillbirths. 相似文献
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The prevalence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in the feces of calves with diarrhea. 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5 
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下载免费PDF全文 A study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of enterotoxigenicity among Escherichia coli isolated from calves with diarrhea and from a control group of normal calves. The test organisms consisted of 200 E. coli recovered from scouring calves less than two weeks of age and 100 E. coli from normal calves. The enterotoxigenicity of the cultures was evaluated by three methods, namely, injection of ligated segments of piglet intestine, injection of ligated segments of calf intestine and oral inoculation of suckling mice. Live cutures of all the test organisms were used for the ligated intestine studies whereas sterile broth culture supernatants were used in the suckling mouse tests. Of the isolates from scouring calves, 36% were enterotoxigenic in the piglet intestine and 28% in the calf intestine. Amongst the isolates from normal calves, none was enterotoxigenic in the piglet intestine and one was enterotoxigenic in the calf test system. The ligated piglet intestine was considered unsuitable for determining the enterotoxigenicity of bovine E. coli, whereas the ligated calf intestine test was satisfactory and correlated completely with the suckling mouse test. The enterotoxigenic E. coli of bovine origin produced an enterotoxin that resembled the heat stable enterotoxin of typical porcine enteropathogenic E. coli. 相似文献
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Estimation of sow milk nutrient output 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Ten replicates of two littermate gilts were used during a 21-d lactation in order to calculate relationships between milk nutrient intake and piglet growth rate and composition of gain. Gilts were fed 14.2 or 10.4 Mcal ME/d and litter size was standardized to 9 or 10 piglets. Piglets had no access to creep feed. Milk production was measured on 10 sucklings over 12 h on d 1, 5, 9, 13, 17 and 21 by the weigh-suckle-weigh method. Heat production of the piglets was measured (RQ method) on the same days in a confinement chamber. Milk composition was determined on the days following milk production measurements. Four to ten piglets/litter were slaughtered at weaning and their body composition was determined. Milk nutrient production during part of lactation was related closely to piglet weight gain and body weight (R2 = .80 to .96). Milk DM, energy and N output over the entire lactation were predicted from piglet ADG (R2 = .87 to .90) when, for each litter, the difference between energy in piglet daily weight gain measured by the slaughter technique and energy in piglet daily weight gain estimated by the RQ method was included in the model. This variable corrects for milk production measurement errors. The relationships were slightly improved, especially for energy output, when the composition of piglet weight gain was taken into account (R2 = .93 to .97). 相似文献
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为了解目前母猪和仔猪猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)感染情况,本试验对来自于15个猪场的85份母猪血清和29个猪场的55份仔猪可疑病料(脾脏、淋巴结、肾脏等),分别采用间接ELISA和PCR法进行PCV2抗体和病毒核酸检测。结果显示,在15个猪场中,1个猪场母猪抗体呈阴性,其他14个猪场母猪抗体均呈阳性,猪场PCV2阳性检出场为93.3%(14/15),85份母猪血清抗体总阳性率为75.3%(64/85)。29个猪场的仔猪,PCV2核酸检测阳性猪场为19个,猪场阳性率为65.5%(19/29),55份仔猪可疑病料病毒核酸检测总阳性率61.8%(34/55)。可见,母猪和仔猪感染PCV2相当普遍。对母猪群PCV2抗体阳性率及其仔猪群病毒核酸阳性率进行比较发现,母猪群PCV2抗体阳性率越高其仔猪群病毒核酸阳性率却越低。 相似文献
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综述了仔猪早期断奶的意义及早期断奶对仔猪造成的不良影响,并提出使用教槽料的重要性。阐明微生态制剂的功能及其在断奶仔猪上的应用效果。针对仔猪的生理特点,阐述微生态制剂在仔猪教槽料中应用的重要性。 相似文献
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Rolling behaviour of sows in relation to piglet crushing on sloped versus level floor pens 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Lone Danholt Vivi Aarestrup Moustsen Mai Britt Friis Nielsen Anders Ringgaard Kristensen 《Livestock Science》2011,141(1):59-68
The study focused on the rolling behaviour of sows and the crushing of piglets by sows' rolling behaviour. The experiment examined the influence of sloped floor in loose housed farrowing pens on the rolling behaviour of sows and crushing of piglets. The experimental unit was made up of 24 pens. There were two experimental pen designs with piglet creep in the corner of the pen and piglet creep across the end of the pen, respectively. Both of the experimental pen designs had a 10% sloped floor in the sow's resting area. The two control pen designs were identical to the experimental pen designs, but with a level floor. The behaviour of 85 sows and their litters was continuously video recorded. Behavioural observations were made from birth of the first piglet and until 3 days after birth of the first piglet. Rolling behaviour of sows caused significantly more trapped piglets under the sow than lying down from standing (P = 0.04). Rolling behaviour caused 64% of the trapped piglets and lying down from standing caused 36% of the trapped piglets. Rolling from udder to side without protection trapped significantly more piglets than rolling from udder to side near slanted wall or piglet protection rails and rolling from side to udder (P < 0.001). With a certain pen design sloped floor reduced rolling from udder to side without protection (P = 0.007) and reduced the number of trapped piglets (P = 0.01), but results concerning lying behaviour showed that sloped floor pushed sows to rest on the level part of the floor. The results indicate that rolling behaviour that crushes piglets can be reduced, and sows prefer to lie on a level floor. 相似文献